论著

虾青素通过 Nrf2/NLRX1 通路激活线粒体自噬缓解阿尔茨海默病

Astaxanthin alleviates Alzheimer’s disease by activating mitophagy via Nrf2/NLRX1 pathway

:975-981
 
       目的   探讨谷氨酸对HT22细胞线粒体自噬和细胞凋亡的影响,并评估虾青素预处理的保护作用及其分子机制。方法   用谷氨酸及虾青素处理HT22细胞,通过蛋白印迹及聚合酶联反应等评估其对线粒体自噬的影响。结果   谷氨酸处理显著抑制线粒体初级自噬(PINK1、Parkin、pULK1ser555和LC3Ⅱ)和次级自噬(LAMP1和Rab7),上调cleaved Caspase-3的表达(P<0.05)。虾青素预处理减少细胞凋亡,恢复了线粒体自噬,PINK1、Parkin、pULK1ser555和LC3Ⅱ的表达水平上升(分别为2.3倍、2.6倍、83.3%及81.1%)(P<0.05),该作用被自噬抑制剂BafA1阻断。此外,谷氨酸抑制Nrf2核内转移和NLRX1表达,而预处理显著促进Nrf2的核内转移并上调NLRX1,分别上调25.8%、33.2%。生物信息学分析显示NLRX1启动子区域含有3个Nrf2结合位点,提示Nrf2通过调控NLRX1转录活性发挥作用。结论   文章揭示虾青素通过Nrf2/NLRX1通路激活线粒体自噬,展现神经保护作用。
       Objective  To explore the effects of glutamate on mitophagy and apoptosis in HT22 cells and evaluate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of astaxanthin pretreatment.Methods  HT22 cells were treated with glutamate and astaxanthin.The effects on mitophagy were assessed using Western Blot and PCR.Results  Glutamate treatment  significantly inhibited primary mitophagy(PINK1,Parkin,pULK1ser555 and LC3II)and secondary mitophagy(LAMP1 and Rab7)while upregulating cleaved Caspase-3 expression.Astaxanthin pretreatment notably reduced apoptosis and restored mitophagy,the expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,pULK1ser555 and LC3II were significantly upregulated(by 2.3-fold,2.6-fold,83.3% and 81.1% respectively,P<0.05),but this effect was blocked by the autophagy inhibitor BafA1.Additionally,glutamate suppressed Nrf2 nuclear translocation and NLRX1 expression,whereas astaxanthin promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and increased NLRX1 expression by 25.8% and 33.2%,respectively.Bioinformatics analysis  revealed three Nrf2 binding sites in the NLRX1 promoter region,suggesting that Nrf2 may regulate NLRX1 transcriptional activity.Conclusions  The study demonstrates that astaxanthin exhibited potential neuroprotective effect by activating mitophagy through the Nrf2/NLRX1 pathway.
论著

LP-PRP 对比 LR-PRP 联合 ESWT 治疗慢性非止点跟腱腱病的对比研究

Comparative study of LP-PRP and LR-PRP combined with ESWT in the treatment of chronic non insertional Achilles tendinopathy

:963-967
 
       目的   对比乏白细胞富血小板血浆(LP-PRP)与富白细胞富血小板血浆(LR-PRP)联合体外冲击波疗法(ESWT)治疗慢性非止点跟腱腱病(NIAT)的临床价值。方法   选取2021年12月—2023年12月赣州市人民医院收治的80例慢性NIAT患者,以随机数表法分为两组,即对照组和观察组各40例,观察组予LP-PRP联合ESWT治疗,对照组予LR-PRP联合ESWT治疗;于治疗前、第一次治疗后1个月、3个月比较两组疼痛度[视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分]、跟腱病变程度[维多利亚体育研究所跟腱评估问卷(VISA-A)]、跟腱功能(Arner-Lindholm跟腱功能评分),并比较两组并发症的发生率。结果   两组在治疗后1个月、3个月的VAS评分下降,VISA-A评分升高,且观察组治疗后3个月的VAS评分(1.05±0.31)分低于对照组的(1.82±0.45)分,VISA-A评分(83.35±5.58)分高于对照组的(76.28±5.35)分(F组间与时点交互=338.478、106.663,均P<0.05);治疗后3个月,观察组跟腱功能(优、良、差各有24、13、3例)优于对照组(优、良、差各有14、16、10例),差异有统计学意义(Z=2.529,P=0.012)。两组治疗后1个月时VAS评分、VISA-A评分及跟腱功能比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论   与LR-PRP比较,LP-PRP联合ESWT治疗慢性NIAT更有利于减轻患者跟腱疼痛度及病变程度,改善患者跟腱功能。
       Objective  To compare the clinical value of leukocyte-poor platelet rich plasma(LP-PRP)and leukocyte-rich platelet rich plasma(LR-PRP)combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)in the treatment of chronic non insertional Achilles tendinopathy(NIAT).Methods
Eighty patients with chronic NIAT admitted to Ganzhou People’s Hospital from December 2021 to December 2023 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method:a control group and an observation group,with 40 patients in each group.The observation group received LP-PRP combined with ESWT treatment,while the control group received LR-PRP combined with ESWT treatment.The pain level(Visual Analog Scale[VAS]score),degree of Achilles tendon lesion(Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles tendinopathy questionnaire[VISA-A]),and Achilles tendon function(Arner Lindholm Achilles tendon function score)between the two groups were compared before treatment,one month after the first treatment,and three months after treatment,as well as the incidence of complications between the two groups.Results  The VAS scores of both groups decreased and the VISA-A scores increased at one and three months after treatment.The VAS score of the observation group(1.05±0.31)was lower than that of the control group(1.82±0.45)at three months after treatment,while the VISA-A score of the observation group(83.35±5.58)was higher than that of the control group(76.28±5.35)(interaction between group and time point F=338.478,106.663,both P<0.05).After three months of treatment,the Achilles tendon function of the observation group(24 cases of excellent,13 cases of good,and three cases of poor)was better than that of the control group(14 cases of excellent,16 cases of good,and  10 cases ofpoor),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.529,P=0.012).There was no  statistically  significant difference in VAS score,VISA-A score,and Achilles tendon function between the two groups one month after treatment(all P>0.05).Conclusions  Compared with LR-PRP,LP-PRP combined with ESWT was more beneficial in reducing the degree of Achilles tendon pain and lesions in patients with chronic NIAT,and improving Achilles tendon function.
论著

窄带成像结合放大内镜和超声内镜评估在早期结直肠癌内镜下治疗前的价值

Application value of magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow band imaging and ultrasonic endoscopy system before endoscopic treatment in patients with early colorectal cancer

:957-962
 
       目的   分析早期结直肠癌内镜下治疗前行窄带成像结合放大内镜 (ME-NBI)和超声内镜技术的评估价值。方法   采用回顾性分析方法,以2021年1月— 2023 年 12月中山市第五人民医院收治的102例早期结直肠癌患者为观察对象,所有患者均接受内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)或内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗,根据内镜下治疗前是否进行ME-NBI和超声内镜检查分为研究组与对照组各51例。比较两组年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、直乙结肠占比及组织病理特征;比较两组治疗时间、ESD治疗后非治愈性切除发生率、治愈性切除率、并发症发生情况及再次ESD或外科手术治疗率。结果   两组年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、直乙结肠占比及组织病理比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组中37例行ESD治疗,治疗时间为(120.6±140.3)min,12例行EMR治疗,治疗时间为(11.6±9.3)min,有2例不符合内镜下治疗指征,转外科手术治疗。对照组有38例行ESD治疗,治疗时间为(128.8±144.5)min,13例行EMR治疗,治疗时间为(12.5±9.5)min,两者治疗时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组非治愈性切除率为7.84,低于对照组27.45;治愈性切除率为88.24,高于对照组72.55;研究组ESD手术并发症为8.11%,低于对照组31.58;ESD或外科手术率为6.12,低于对照组25.49P<0.05),结论  ME-NBI和超声内镜对早期结直肠癌患者行内镜下治疗指征评估更准确,可提高治愈性切除率
       Objective  To  study the application value of magnifying endoscopy combined with  narrow  band imaging (ME-NBI)and ultrasonic endoscopy system before endoscopic treatment in patients with early colorectal cancer.Methods  A retrospective analysis was carried out on  102  patients with early-stage colorectal cancer who were admitted to Zhongshan Fifth People’s Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023.All patients were treated with endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)or endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESO).The patients were divided into study group(51 cases)and control group(51 cases)according to whether ME-NBI and ultrasonic endoscopy was performed before endoscopic treatment or not.The patient age,sex,volume of tumor,location of tumor and pathological result of the tumor were compared between two groups.Time for treatment,curative resection rate,non-curative resection rate and the complication incidence of ESD,incidences of second ESD or surgery were compared between the two groups.Results  There were no statistical differences in age,sex,volume of tumor,location of tumor and pathological result of the tumor(P>0.05).In the study group,37 patients received ESD treatment,operation time was(120.6±140.3)minutes,and 12 patients received EMR treatment,operation time was(11.6±9.3)minutes,two cases were transferred to surgery due to endoscopic ultrasonography combined with magnifying endoscopy showed that they did not meet the indications for ESD treatment.In the control group,38 patients received ESD treatment,operation time was(128.8±144.5)minutes,13 patients received EMR treatment,operation time was(12.5±9.5)minutes.There was no significant difference in treatment duration between the two groups.The non-curative resection rate of the study group was 7.84%,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(27.45%),and the curative resection rate(88.24%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(72.55%).The complications of ESD surgery in the study group were 8.11%,lower than 31.58% in the control group.The rate of second ESD or surgery was 6.12%,lower than 25.49% in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions  ME-NBI and endoscopic ultrasound are more accurate in the evaluation of endoscopic indications for early colorectal cancer patients,and can improve the curative resection rate.
论著

支气管镜灌洗对儿童重症肺部感染合并肺实变的应用效果及对 CT 特征、肺功能影响

Application effects of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with severe pulmonary infection complicated by lung consolidation and its impact on CT features and pulmonary function

:951-956
 
       目的   探讨支气管镜灌洗用于儿童重症肺部感染合并肺实变的治疗效果及对CT特征、肺功能的影响。法   选取2022年5月—2024年5月铜仁市人民医院收治的100例重症肺部感染合并肺实变患儿开展前瞻性研究,应用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患儿采取常规治疗,观察组则采取常规治疗加支气管镜灌洗治疗。对比其临床疗效,治疗前后炎症因子、CT特征及肺功能变化。结果   观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患儿白细胞计数(10.36±2.52)×109 /L、白细胞介素-6(20.57±5.05)ng/L、C反应蛋白(13.12±2.64)mg/L、降钙素原(101.62±12.16)pg/L均低于对照组白细胞计数(13.25±3.32)×109 /L、白细胞介素-6(31.69±4.11)ng/L、C反应蛋白(16.16±4.44)mg/L、降钙素原(113.46±18.11)pg/L(P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿胸腔积液、支气管壁增厚、空气支气管征、肺部实变、磨玻璃影等相关CT影像特征占比下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿呼气流量峰值水平均升高,观察组(90.67±18.45)L/s高于对照组(81.27±17.69)L/s,用力肺活量水平均更高,观察组(3.33±0.68)L高于对照组(2.68±0.25)L(P<0.05)。结论   针对儿童重症肺部感染合并肺实变,在常规治疗基础上增加支气管镜灌洗可提升临床疗效,减轻机体炎症反应,改善胸部CT各种表现及肺功能。
        Objective  To explore the therapeutic effects of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with  severe pulmonary infection complicated by lung consolidation and its impact on CT features and pulmonary function.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 100 children with severe pulmonary infection complicated with pulmonary consolidation in a hospital from May 2022 to May 2024.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group using a random number table method,50 cases in each group.The control group of children received routine treatment,and the observation group received conventional treatment plus bronchoalvelar lavage.Clinical efficacy,inflammatory factors,CT features,and alterations in pulmonary function before and after therapy were compared.Results  The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the white blood cell count(10.36±2.52)×109 /L,interleukin-6(20.57±5.05)ng/L,C-reactive protein(13.12±2.64)mg/L,and procalcitonin(101.62±12.16)pg/L in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group(13.25±3.32)×109 /L,interleukin-6(31.69±4.11)ng/L,C-reactive protein(16.16±4.44)mg/L,and procalcitonin(113.46±18.11)pg/L(P<0.05).After treatment,the proportion of CT imaging features such as pleural effusion,bronchial wall thickening,air bronchogram sign,lung consolidation,ground glass opacities,decreased in both groups of children,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the peak levels of expiratory flow in both groups of children increased,with the observation group(90.67±18.45)L/s higher than the control group(81.27±17.69)L/s.The forced vital capacity levels were also higher,with the observation group(3.33±0.68)L higher than the control group(2.68±0.25)L(P<0.05).Conclusions  Adding bronchoalvelar lavage to routine treatment for children with severe pulmonary infection complicated with pulmonary consolidation can improve their clinical efficacy,alleviate inflammatory reactions,and improve various chest CT manifestations and lung function.
论著

LFI 联合 CTP 评分对肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的预测价值

The predictive value of LFI combined with CTP score for liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis

:945-950
 
       目的   探讨肝脏衰弱程度联合肝功能分级预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的价值,作为识别和干预不良结局的依据。方法   选择2022年12月—2023年12月医院接收的肝硬化患者80例进行研究,随访6个月观察患者不良事件发生情况,将出现2个及以上肝病并发症的肝病复合不良事件患者25例作为观察组,将出现1个肝病并发症或未出现并发症的患者55例作为对照组,比较两组患者的基本资料、实验室指标、营养指标、体力活动水平、肝脏衰弱指数(LFI)、肝功能Child-Turcotte-Pugh(CTP)评分,采用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析评估肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的危险因素,使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积评估LFI联合CTP评分预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的价值。结果   观察组年龄、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)高于对照组,红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血肌酐(Scr)、总胆红素(TBIL)、步速、小腿围低于对照组(t分别为4.235、6.500、3.826、3.989、4.289、8.878、2.474,均P<0.05)。观察组营养风险48.00%、LFI≥4.5分52.00%、CTP分级B/C级76.00%高于对照组18.18%、14.55%、27.27%(χ 2 分别为7.664、12.454、16.699,均P<0.05)。单因素Cox回归分析显示年龄、ALT、营养风险、LFI≥4.5分、CTP分级B/C级、RBC、Scr、TBIL、Hb、步速、小腿围为肝硬化患者发生肝病复合不良事件的危险因素(HR分别为2.251、1.578、1.626、1.981、1.715、1.428、1.443、1.419、1.336、1.332、1.254,均P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析显示年龄、ALT、营养风险、LFI≥4.5分、CTP分级B/C级为肝硬化患者发生肝病复合不良事件的独立危险因素(HR分别为2.275、1.746、2.025、1.895,P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示LFI、CTP、LFI联合CTP预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的AUC分别为0.82、0.79、0.88(P<0.05)。结论  年龄、肝脏衰弱、CTP分级B/C级、营养风险为肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的危险因素,肝脏衰弱程度联合肝功能分级预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件具有更高的效能。
       Objective  To explore the value of predicting liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis by combining the degree of liver frailty with liver function grading,as a basis for identifying and intervening in adverse outcomesMethods  A study was conducted on 80 patients with liver cirrhosis admitted to the hospital from December 2022 to December 2023.Patients were followed up for six months to observe the occurrence of adverse events.Twenty-five patients with liver disease complex adverse events with two or more liver disease complications were selected as the observation group,and 55 patients with one or no liver disease complication were selected as the control group.The basic information,laboratory indicators,nutritional indicators,physical activity levels,liver frailty index(LFI),Child Turcotte Pugh(CTP)scores,univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors for liver disease complex adverse events in liver cirrhosis patients.The value of combining LFI and CTP score in predicting liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis was assessed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)curve area.Results  The age,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),red blood cell count(RBC),hemoglobin(Hb),serum creatinine(Scr),total bilirubin(TBIL),walking speed,and calf circumference of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(t=4.235,6.500,3.826,3.989,4.289,8.878,2.474,all P<0.05).The nutritional risk of the observation group was 48.00%,LFI score≥4.5 was 52.00%,CTP grade B/C was 76.00%,which was higher than that of the control group at 18.18%,14.55%,and 27.27%(χ 2 =7.664,12.454,16.699,all P<0.05).Univariate Cox regression analysis showed age,nutritional risk,LFI ≥  4.5,CTP grade B/C,RBC,Scr,TBIL,Hb,step speed and calf circumference were  risk factors for the occurrence of liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis(HR values=2.251,1.578,1.626,1.981,1.715,1.428,1.443,1.419,1.336,1.332,1.254,all P<0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age,ALT,nutritional risk,LFI ≥ 4.5,and CTP grade B/C were independent risk factors for liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis(HR values=2.275,1.746,2.025,1.895,all P<0.05).The ROC curve results showed that the AUC of LFI,CTP,and LFI combined with CTP in predicting liver disease composite adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis were 0.82,0.79,and 0.88,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusions  Age,liver frailty,CTP grade B/C,and nutritional  risk are  risk factors for liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis.The combination of LFI and liver function grade has higher efficacy in predicting liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis.
论著

腰痛患者侧弯、棘突偏歪和椎体滑脱 X 线研究

A X-ray observation of lumbar scoliosis,deviation of spine process and spondylolisthesis in patients with low back pain

:929-934
 
       目的   研究慢性非特异性腰痛患者腰椎正侧位X线中腰椎侧弯、L1-5棘突偏歪和椎体滑脱情况,总结规律,为慢性非特异性腰痛患者治疗提供依据。方法   选取164例慢性非特异性腰痛患者,观察并记录每例患者腰椎正侧位X线中腰椎侧弯、L1~L5棘突偏歪和椎体滑脱情况。用统计学软件分析腰椎侧弯、棘突偏歪和椎体滑脱情况。结果   共有59例发生腰椎侧弯,占35.98%,其中Cobb角5°~10 °有47例,占28.66%;Cobb角>10°有12例,占7.32%。腰椎侧弯发病以L4为下端椎为主。以L3为下端椎有12例患者,占20.34%;以L4为下端椎有37例患者,占62.71%;以L5为发椎有10例患者,占16.95%。共119例发生棘突偏歪,占总例数的72.56%。L5棘突偏歪最常见,发生率为57.93%;L4次之,发生率为48.17%。L5棘突偏歪率与L1~L3棘突偏歪率比较差异均有统计学意义(χ  分别为14.580,11.771,7.484,P分别为<0.001,0.001,0.006),但与L4棘突偏歪率比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =3.124,P=0.077)。共30例患者存在椎体滑脱,占18.29%。L5最常发生滑脱,发生率为8.54%;L4次之,发生率为7.93%。L4与L5椎体滑脱率比较差异无统计学意义(χ  =0.040,P=0.841);L4分别与L1,L2,L3以及L5分别与L1,L2,L3椎体滑脱率差异均有统计学意义(L5与L1、L2、L3:χ  分别为14.580、11.771、7.484,P分别为<0.001、0.001、0.006;L4与L1、L2、L3:χ  分别为13.495、10.712、6.550,P分别为<0.001、0.001、0.010)。结论   慢性非特异性腰痛患者较常发生腰椎侧弯,侧弯以L4为下端椎为主;慢性非特异性腰痛患者较常发生棘突偏歪,L5棘突偏歪最常见,L4次之;L5和L4是慢性非特异性腰痛患者最常发生滑脱的椎体。在治疗慢性非特异性腰痛患者时,与L5和L4相关的肌肉、筋膜等软组织损伤以及关节退行性变或紊乱应引起重点关注。
       Objective  To study the lumbar scoliosis,L1-5  spinous process deviation and  spondylolisthesis in  spine X-ray of patients with chronic non-specific low back pain(CNLBP),and summarizing the existing rules,so as to provide imaging theoretical support for the treatment of CNLBP.Methods  A total of 164 patients with CNLBP were selected.The lumbar scoliosis,L1-5 spinous process deviation and spondylolisthesis were observed and recorded in the anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films of each patient.The lumbar scoliosis,spinous process deviation and spondylolisthesis were statistically analyzed by statistical software.Results  A total of 59 people had lumbar scoliosis,accounting for 35.98%.There were 47 patients with 5°-10° Cobb angle,accounting for 28.66%.There were 12 patients with Cobb angle >10°,accounting for 7.32%.L4 was the main lower apical vertebra of lumbar scoliosis.There were 12 patients with L3 as the lower apical vertebra,accounting for 20.34%;37 patients with L4 as the lower apical vertebra,accounting for 62.71%;10 patients with L5 as the lower apical vertebra,accounting for 16.95%.A total of 119 people appeared spinous process deviation,accounting for 72.56%.L5 spinous process deviation was the most common,with proportion of 57.93%,and L4 was the second,with proportion of was 48.17%.The  results of chi-square test showed that there were significant differences between L5 and L1-L3 spinous process deviation(χ   was 14.580,11.771,7.484,and P values were <0.001,0.001,0.006 respectively),but no significant difference between L5 and L4 spinous process(χ  =3.124,P=0.077).A total of 30 patients had spondylolisthesis,accounting for 18.29%.L5 was the most common of spondylolisthesis,with an occurrence rate of 8.54%.L4 was the second,with an occurrence rate of 7.93%.There was  no significant difference in spondylolisthesis rate between L4 and L5(χ  =0.040,P=0.841).The spondylolisthesis rates of L4 and L5 were significantly different from those of L1,L2 and L3(L5 and L1,L2,L3:χ   was 14.580,11.771,7.484,and P values was <0.001,0.001,0.006 respectively;L4 and L1,L2,L3:χ  was 13.495,10.712,6.550,P values were <0.001,0.001,0.010 respectively).Conclusions  Lumbar scoliosis is more common in patients with CNLBP,and L4 is the main lower apical vertebra of lumbar scoliosis.Patients with CNLBP often have spinous process deviation,and the most common is L5 spinous process deviation,followed by L4.L5 and L4 are the most common vertebrae with spondylolisthesis in patients with CNLBP.The soft injury and joint degeneration or disorder related to L5 and L4 should be paid more attention in the treatment of patients with CNLBP.
论著

某三甲医院近 10 年 ICU 重症孕产妇病种分布特征和经济学分析

Epidemiological and economic analysis of critically ill maternal patients in intensive care unit over a decade

:911-917
 
        目的   对入住重症监护病房(ICU)重症孕产妇患者的病种特征和住院费用进行分析。方法   从医院信息管理系统中搜索2009—2019年广州市某省级重症孕产妇救治中心ICU的重症孕产妇住院病例,对病例资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果  2009—2019年该救治中心ICU共收治重症孕产妇1 616例,病种排名前五位依次为心血管疾病430例(26.61%)、血液及造血器官疾病310例(19.18%)、妊娠期特定并发疾病287例(17.76%)、消化系统疾病218例(13.49%)、呼吸系统疾病110例(6.81%)。患者经济负担中位数排名前五位依次为肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病(62 252.60元)、消化系统疾病(61 684.41元)、感染性疾病(42 945.70元)、血液及造血器官疾病(40 403.52元)、神经系统疾病(40 055.93元)。结论   入住ICU内的重症孕产妇以心血管疾病、血液及造血器官疾病为主,经济学分析表明肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病造成的经济损失较大。
       Objective  To analyze the disease characteristics and hospitalization expenses of  severe maternal patients in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods  Hospitalized cases of severe maternal disease in  ICU of a provincial critical care center in Guangzhou from 2009 to 2019 were searched from the hospital information management system,and case data was analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results  From 2009 to 2019,a total of  1616 critically ill maternal  patients  received intensive care treatment at this center.The predominant diseases observed were cardiovascular disorders(26.61%),blood and hematopoietic organ diseases(19.18%),specific pregnancy-related complications(17.76%),gastrointestinal ailments(13.49%),and respiratory disorders(6.81%).Among the top five patient groups,the median economic burden was the highest in musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases(62 252.600 yuan),followed by digestive system diseases(61684.410 yuan),infectious diseases(42 945.700 yuan),blood and hematopoietic organ diseases(40 403.515 yuan),and nervous system disorders(40 055.930 yuan)Furthermore,a discernible correlation between hospitalization cost and length of stay was identified.Conclusions  Cardiovascular diseases and disorders of blood and hematopoietic organs are the primary causes for maternal admissions to ICU.Economic analysis shows that musculoskeletal system and connective tissues diseases cause bigger economic loss .
论著

早产儿败血症的临床特征和不良结局影响因素分析

Analysis of clinical features and adverse outcome risk factors of sepsis in premature infants

:898-905
 
        目的   探讨出生胎龄<37周早产儿发生败血症时的临床特征及其不良结局的危险因素。方法   收集2020年1月—2023年12月安徽医科大学第一附属医院本部新生儿科收治出生胎龄<37周且发生败血症早产儿的临床资料;根据败血症发生时间分为早发型败血症(EOS)49例,晚发型败血症(LOS)150例;根据是否出现不良结局,分为结局不良组90例,结局良好组109例。分析EOS和LOS败血症的临床特征,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析早产儿败血症出现不良结局的危险因素。结果  早产儿败血症中EOS患儿出生胎龄更小,生后1 min Apgar评分更低,孕母羊水污染、胎膜早破≥18 h发生率较LOS更高(P<0.05);早产儿败血症临床表现无特异性,但LOS患儿休克发生率更高(P<0.05);早产儿易发生革兰阴性菌感染,合并先天性心脏病(OR=2.490,P<0.05)、出生胎龄<30周(OR=4.851,P<0.05)、出生体质量小于1 500 gOR=4.169,P<0.05)是早产儿败血症发生不良结局的危险因素。结论  早产儿败血症临床表现无特异性,更易发生革兰阴性菌感染,出生胎龄越小、体质量越低发生不良结局的风险更高。
       Objective  To analyze the clinical characteristics and  risk factors of adverse outcomes of  sepsis in premature infants with gestational age < 37 weeks.Methods  Clinical data of preterm infants < 37 weeksof gestational age admitted to the Department of Neonatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2020 to December 2023 were collected.According to the timing of sepsis,49 cases with early-onset sepsis(EOS)and 150 cases with late-onset sepsis(LOS)were diagnosed.According to the outcome,90 cases were divided into the adverse outcome group and 109 cases were good outcome group.The clinical characteristics of EOS and LOS were analyzed,and the risk factors of adverse outcomes were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results The gestational age of EOS infants was smaller at birth,the 1 minute Apgar score was lower ,and the incidence of amniotic fluid contamination and premature rupture of membranes ≥18h were higher than those in LOS infants(P<0.05).The clinical manifestations of sepsis in premature infants were not specific,but the incidence of shock was higher in LOS children(P<0.05).Preterm infants were more likely to develop gram-negative bacterial infection,congenital heart disease(OR=2.490,P<0.05),gestational age <30 weeks(OR=4.851,P<0.05),and birth weight < 1500g(OR=4.169,P<0.05)were identified as significant risk factors for adverse sepsis outcomes in preterm infants.Conclusions The clinical manifestations of septicemia in preterm infants are non-specific,and they are more likely to suffer from gram-negative bacterial infection.The younger the gestational age and lower the birth weight of preterm infants,the higher the risk of adverse outcomes after sepsis.
论著

高原地区儿童阑尾炎术后早期炎性肠梗阻治疗分析

Treatment analysis of appendicitis early postoperative inflammatory small bowel obstruction in plateau area children

:893-897
 
      目的   回顾分析高原地区儿童阑尾炎术后早期炎性肠梗阻的临床特征,总结治疗经验。方法   回顾分析青海省妇女儿童医院2019—2023年收治的49例儿童阑尾炎术后早期炎性肠梗阻病例资料。结果   纳入研究的49例患儿,阑尾炎发病时间3~8 d,平均(5.38±1.25)d,术后出现肠梗阻时间3~11 d,平均时间(4.81±1.70)d,其中48例经过保守治疗后梗阻解除,恢复排气、排便,肠功能恢复时间4~13 d,平均(5.93±2.49)d,1例经积极保守治疗后病情进展,最终经手术治愈。49例患儿均顺利治愈出院,住院时间10~26 d,平均(15.69±3.79)d。术后随访1~2年,患儿饮食、排便均无异常。结论   高原地区儿童阑尾炎术后早期粘连性肠梗阻预防是关键,采取保守治疗同样可获得较高的治愈率,若保守治疗无效或病情进展应及时积极采取手术治疗。
       Objective  To review the clinical characteristics of early postoperative inflammatory small bowel obstruction(EPISBO) in children with appendicitis in plateau area and summarize the treatment experience.Methods  The data of 49 cases of appendicitis EPISBO in children admitted to Qinghai Women and Children’s Hospital from 2019 to 2023 were  retrospectively analyzed.Results  The onset time of appendicitis was 3-8 days,with an average of(5.38±1.25)days,and the time of intestinal obstruction was 3-11 days after surgery,with an average of(4.81±1.70)days.After conservative treatment,48 cases were relieved of obstruction,resumed exhaust and defecation,and intestinal function recovered in 4-13 day,average(5.93±2.49)d,1 case had progression after conservative treatment,and was cured by surgery.All the 49 children were successfully cured and discharged.The length of hospital stay was 10-26 days,with an average of(15.69±3.79)days.Postoperative follow-up of 1 to 2 years showed normal eating and bowel movements.Conclusions  The prevention of EPISBO in children with appendicitis in plateau area is the key.Conservative treatment can also achieve a higher cure rate.If conservative treatment is ineffective or the disease progresses,timely surgical treatment should be provided.

综述

无创正压通气老年患者鼻面部压力性损伤预防的研究进展

Research progress in the prevention of nasal and facial stress injuries in elderly patients with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation

:885-892
 
       无创正压通气的使用是患者发生鼻面部压力性损伤的重要原因之一,随着我国防控政策的放开,新增老年新冠感染患者急剧增加。文章对使用无创正压通气发生相关压力性损伤现状进行综述,介绍老年患者使用无创正压通气发生鼻面部压力性损伤的主要影响因素、评估方法以及预防措施现状,旨在为临床医务人员预防其相关压力性损伤提供参考。
       The use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation is one of the important reasons for nasal and facial pressure injuries in patients.With the release of China's epidemic prevention policy,the number of new elderly patients with COVID-19 has increased dramatically.This paper summarizes the current situation of stress injuries caused by noninvasive positive pressure ventilation,introduces the main influencing factors,evaluation methods and prevention measures of nasal and facial stress injuries in elderly patients with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation,aiming to provide a reference for clinical medical personnel to prevent their related stress injuries.
出版者信息








《广州医药》公众号