论著

无管化微创 PCNL 治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的效果

The effect of tubeless minimally invasive PCNL in the treatment of incarcerated upper ureteral calculi

:398-402
 
       目的   探讨无管化微创PCNL(经皮肾镜取石术)治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的效果。方法   将中山大学附属第一医院惠亚医院2019年12月—2021年12月收治的95例嵌顿性输尿管上段结石患者按照随机数字表法分组,给予对照组47例患者经尿道输尿管镜碎石术(TURL)治疗、观察组48例患者无管化微创PCNL治疗,观察两组手术一般状况、血清学指标、肾脏血流动力学以及并发症发生情况。结果   观察组手术时间、术后血尿以及住院时间均短于对照组,观察组术中出血量少于对照组,观察组结石清除率高于对照组(P<0.05);术后1 d观察组肾损伤分子-1(KIM-1)、中性粒细胞明胶相关脂脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)以及胱抑素C(Cys-C)水平低于对照组(P<0.05);两组肾动脉收缩期血流速度(Vs)以及舒张末期血流速度(Vd)对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组并发症发生率(4.16%)低于对照组(19.15%)P<0.05)。结论   无管化微创PCNL可改善嵌顿性输尿管上段结石手术一般状况,减轻患者肾脏损伤,提高结石清除率,不影响肾脏血流,且并发症更少。
       Objective  To explore the effect of tubeless minimally invasive(percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PCNL)in the treatment of impacted upper ureteral stones.Methods  A total of 95 patients with impacted upper ureteral stones admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to December 2021 were grouped according to the random number table method.Control group of 47 cases were treated with transurethral ureteroscopy lithotripsy(TURL),48 patients in the observation group were given tubeless minimally invasive PCNL treatment.The general surgical conditions,serological indicators,renal hemodynamics and complications of the two groups were observed.Results  The operation time,postoperative hematuria and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group,the intraoperative bleeding volume of the observation group was less than that of the control group,and the stone free rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).One day after surgery,the levels of kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),lipocalin(NGAL)and cystatin C(Cys-C)in the observation groupwere lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the renal artery systolic blood flow velocity(Vs)and end-diastolic blood flow velocity(Vd)had no statistical significance(P>0.05);the incidence of complications in the observation group(4.16%)was lower than that in the control group(19.15%)(P<0.05).Conclusions  Tubeless minimally invasive PCNL can improve the general conditions of surgery,reduce kidney damage,increase stone free rate,does not affect renal blood flow,and has fewer complications.
论著

非肌层浸润性膀胱癌行初次经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术的术后复发危险因素分析

Risk factors for relapse after primary transurethral resection on non-muscular invasive bladder cancer

:393-397
 
       目的   探讨非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者初次经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术的复发情况及危险因素。方法   以93例非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者进行研究,2018年1月至2022年1月西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院泌尿外科医院收治采取经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术,术后随访24个月,复发22例,未复发71例,比较复发与未复发基础情况、不同肿瘤直径、不同肿瘤分期、分级、数量、是否带蒂、灌注化疗方式等特征患者的复发情况,对具有统计学意义的因素,采取非条件Logistic多因素回归分析,明确术后复发的危险因素。结果   肿瘤分期T1期者的复发率为32.08%,高于Ta期者15.50%,肿瘤分级为高级别者的复发率为53.33%,高于低级别者17.95%,肿瘤多发者的复发率为35.71%,高于单发者的13.73%,肿瘤不带蒂者的复发率为38.71%,高于肿瘤带蒂者的16.13%,常规灌注化疗患者的复发率为29.85%,高于术后即刻+灌注化疗患者的7.69%,比较差异均有统计学意义(χ 2 分别为6.648、4.836、6.872、6.166、5.834、5.902,P分别为0.010、0.027、0.008、0.013、0.015、0.024)。肿瘤分期T1期、肿瘤分级为高级别、肿瘤多发、常规灌注化疗为非肌层浸润性膀胱癌行初次经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术的术后复发的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论   非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者初次采取经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术容易因为临床分期为T1期、肿瘤分级为高级别、肿瘤多发及常规灌注等出现复发,应采取针对性干预措施,改进灌注化疗方式,降低复发率。
       Objective  To investigate the  relapse and  risk factors of non-muscular invasive bladder cancer after primary transurethral resection.Methods  A total of 93 patients with non-muscular invasive bladder cancer were selected for study.They were received by the hospital from January 2018 to January 2022 and underwent transurethral resection.After 24 months of follow-up,22 patients recurred,and 71 patients did not recur.The recurrence of patients with different tumor diameter,tumor stage,grade,numbers,pedicel or not,and infusion chemotherapy methods were compared.For the statistically significant factors,unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for recurrence.Results  The recurrence rate in T1 stage of tumor was 32.08% higher than that in Ta stage,which was 15.50%.The recurrence rate in high stage was 53.33% higher than that in low stage,which was 17.95%.The recurrence rate in multiple tumor patients was 35.71% higher than that in single tumor patients,which was 13.73%.The no-pedicle tumor recurrence rate was 38.71% higher than that with pedicle,which was 16.13%.The recurrence rate in patients receiving conventional infusion chemotherapy was 29.85% higher than that in patients receiving immediate postoperative infusion chemotherapy,which was 7.69%.The differences were statistically significantχ 2 =6.648、4.836、6.872、6.166、5.834、5.902,P=0.010、0.027、0.008、0.013、0.015、0.024).The independent  risk factors of recurrence after primary transurethral resection were tumor stage T1,high grade tumors,multiple tumors,routine perfusion chemotherapy as non-muscular invasive bladder cancer(P<0.05).Conclusions  The  patients with  non-muscular invasive bladder cancer taking transurethral resection for the first time are prone to recurrence because of the clinical stage of T1,tumor grade of high grade,multiple tumors and routine perfusion.Targeted intervention measures  should be taken to improve the perfusion chemotherapy method to reduce the recurrence rate.
论著

ALBI 联合 NLR 预测肝硬化合并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的作用

The role of ALBI combined with NLR in predicting liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal and gastric varices bleeding

:387-392
 
       目的   探讨白蛋白-胆红素(ALBI)联合中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)预测肝硬化合并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血(EGVB)的临床价值。方法   回顾性分析2021年1月—2022年12月肇庆市第一人民医院消化内科收治的80例肝硬化合并EGVB患者的临床资料,通过电话及门诊、再入院对其进行为期1年的随访,根据随访结果,将其分为2组,即存活组(n=69)与死亡组(n=11),分析导致患者死亡的危险因素,并评估ALBI联合NLR预测肝硬化合并EGVB患者死亡的临床价值。结果   死亡组的年龄60岁以上、腹水和肝性脑病者占比,总胆红素(TBiL)、NLR、凝血酶原时间(PT)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平及ALBI评分均高于存活组(均P<0.05),而血红蛋白(HGB)、白蛋白(ALB)及血钠水平均低于存活组(均P<0.05);Logtisic回归分析显示,年龄60岁以上、腹水、肝性脑病和TBiL、NLR水平升高及ALBI分级为3级是肝硬化合并EGVB患者死亡的危险因素(均P<0.05);ALBI联合NLR预测肝硬化合并EGVB患者预后的准确率及灵敏度高于单一诊断,漏诊率低于单一诊断(P<0.05)。结论   肝硬化合并EGVB患者可见ALBI评分及NLR水平升高,而以上两种指标是患者死亡的危险因素,将其联合检测可评估患者预后,预测其死亡风险。
       Objective  To investigate the clinical value of albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)combined with neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in predicting liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal  and gastric varices bleeding(EGVB).Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EGVB admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of the First People’s Hospital of Zhaoqing from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were followed up for one year by telephone,outpatient service and readmission.According to the follow-up results,they were divided into the survival group(n=69)and the death group(n=11).The risk factors leading to the death of patients were analyzed and evaluated.Results  The proportion of age over 60,ascites and hepatic encephalopathy,the levels of TBiL,NLR,PT,ALT and ALBI in the death group were higher(P<0.05),while the levels of HGB,ALB and blood sodium were lower(P<0.05).Logistics analysis showed that age over 60,ascites,hepatic encephalopathy,NLR and ALBI grade 3 were independent risk factors for the death(P<0.05).The accuracy and sensitivity of ALBI combined with NLR in predicting their prognosis were significantly higher than that of single diagnosis,and the missed diagnosis rate was lower(P<0.05).Conclusions  ALBI scores and NLR levels significantly increase in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EGVB,and the above two indexes are risk factors for the death,and the combination of them can evaluate the prognosis of patients and predict the death risk.
论著

清醒镇静在急性缺血性脑卒中血管内治疗中的应用效果及预后

Effect of conscious sedation in the application of endovascular treatment and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke

:382-386
 
       目的   探讨清醒镇静应用在急性缺血性脑卒中血管内治疗中的效果。方法   选择2020年1月—2023年3月医院接收的急性缺血性脑卒中患者82例进行研究,按随机数表法分为2组,每组各41例,两组采取溶栓与取栓治疗,对照组采取全身麻醉方式,观察组采取清醒镇静方式,记录两组治疗相关参数,比较两组近期疗效、并发症发生情况及预后。结果   观察组入院到腹股沟穿刺时间(95.52±3.63)min、穿刺至血管再通时间(72.25±5.58)min低于对照组(112.25±4.18)min、(102.45±10.63)min(t=19.349,P<0.05);观察组ICU时间(7.81±2.63)d、住院时间(13.75±3.64)d,与对照组(8.05±2.81)d、(14.52±4.07)d比较差异无统计学意义(t分别为0.524、0.399、0.902,P分别为0.601、0.690、0.369)。观察组近期总有效39例(95.12%)与对照组37例(90.24%)比较差异无统计学意义χ 2 =0.719,P=0.396)。观察组症状性颅内出血3例(7.32%)与对照组6例(14.63%)比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =1.123,P=0.289);观察组脑水肿4例(9.76%)、坠积性肺炎12例(29.27%),低于对照组7例(17.07%)、18例(43.90%)(χ 2分别为4.969、6.962,P分别为0.025、0.008)。观察组预后良好21例(51.22%)高于对照组10例(24.39%)(χ 2 =6.275,P=0.012)。结论   急性缺血性脑卒中患者溶栓与取栓治疗中采取清醒镇静方式可获得与全身麻醉相近的疗效,而且可进一步缩短治疗时间,促进血管快速再通,减少相关并发症,使患者获得更好的预后。
       Objective  To investigate the conscious sedation effect of endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke.Methods  A total of 82 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 41 cases in each group.The two groups were treated with thrombolysis and thrombectomy,the control group was treated with general anesthesia,and the observation group was treated with conscious sedation.The short-term efficacy,complications and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results  The time from admission to groin puncture [(95.52±3.63)min] and time from puncture to vascular  recanalization [(72.25±5.58)min] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(112.25±4.18)min,(102.45±10.63)min](t=19.349,P<0.05).Observation group ICU time,length of hospital stay(7.81+2.63)d(13.75+3.64)d,and the control group(8.05+2.81)d,(14.52-4.07)d  had  no  statistically  significant  difference in comparison(t were 0.524,0.399,0.902,P were 0.601,0.690,0.369).Recent total effective cases observation in group was 39(95.12%)and control group was 37(90.24%),there was no statistically significant difference comparing(χ 2 =0.719,P=0.396).Observation group had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in three patients(7.32%)and control group had six cases(14.63%),there was no statistically significant difference(χ 2 =1.123,P=0.289).There were four cases(9.76%)of brain edema and 12 cases(29.27%)of hypostatic pneumonia in the observation group,which were significantly lower than seven cases(17.07%)and 18 cases(43.90%)in the control group(χ 2 =4.969,6.962,P=0.025,0.008).The number of patients with good prognosis in the observation group(21 cases,51.22%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(10 cases,24.39%)χ 2 =6.275,P=0.012).Conclusions In the treatment of acute ischemic stroke patients with thrombolysis and thrombectomy,conscious sedation can achieve the same efficacy as general anesthesia,and can further shorten the treatment time,promote  rapid recanalization of blood vessels and reduce related complications,so that patients can get a better prognosis.
论著

支气管镜联合雾化吸入药物对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿症状持续时间及肺部影像学好转情况分析

Analysis of the duration of symptoms and pulmonary imaging conversion in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia treated with bronchoscopy combined with nebulized inhalation of medication

:377-381
 
        目的   探究支气管镜联合雾化吸入药物对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿症状持续时间及肺部影像学好转情况。方法   选取94例肺炎支原体肺炎患儿为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为A组、B组,各47例,分别实施布地奈德雾化吸入治疗、支气管镜肺泡灌洗联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,比较两组症状持续时间、治疗后肺部影像改善情况、炎症指标水平及不良反应发生率。结果  B组体温恢复时间(2.73±0.51)d、咳嗽消失时间(5.98±1.24)d、住院时间(10.96±3.36)d,A组分别为(3.14±0.83)(7.06±2.33)(13.27±3.18)d,B组较A组短(t=2.885、2.809、3.423,均P<0.05);治疗后B组40.43%阴影完全消失、34.04%阴影显著缩小、23.40%阴影有所缩小、2.13%阴影改善不明显,A组分别为21.28%、36.17%、25.53%、17.02%,B组肺部阴影改善情况优于A组(Z=8.311,P<0.05);治疗前B组白细胞计数(WBC)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)水平与A组相近(P>0.05);治疗后B组WBC(7.71±1.94)×109 /L、hs-CRP(4.96±1.44)mg/L、PCT(84.32±21.40)pg/mL,A组分别为(9.05±2.48)×109 /L、(6.17±1.85)mg/L、(105.46±34.02)pg/mL,B组水平较A组低(t=2.918、3.538、3.606,均P<0.05);B组不良反应发生率为8.52%,A组为4.26%,B与A组相近(χ 2 =0.178,P>0.05)。结论   对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿实施支气管镜联合雾化吸入药物治疗,可缩短康复时间,促进肺部阴影消退,降低其炎症指标水平,且未增加不良反应发生率。
     Objective  To investigate the effect of bronchoscopy combined with nebulized inhalation of medication on the duration of symptoms and pulmonary imaging conversion in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).Methods  A total of 94 children with MPP were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into Group A and Group B using a random number table,with 47 cases in each group.They were treated with budesonide nebulization inhalation therapy and bronchoalveolar lavage combined with budesonide nebulization inhalation therapy,respectively.The duration of symptoms,improvement of lung imaging before and after treatment,levels of inflammatory indicators,and incidence of adverse  reactions were compared between the two groups.The results showed that the temperature recovery time was(2.73±0.51)days,cough disappearance time was(5.98±1.24)days,and hospitalization time was(10.96±3.36)days in Group B,(3.14±0.83)days,(7.06±2.33)days,and(13.27±3.18)days in Group A,respectively.Durpation in Group B was shorter than Group A(t=2.885,2.809,3.423,all P<0.05). After treatment,40.43% of the shadows in Group B completely disappeared,34.04% of the shadows significantly reduced,23.40% of the shadows reduced,and 2.13% of the shadows showed no significant improvement,better than 21.28%,36.17%,25.53%,and 17.02% in Group A(Z=8.311,P<0.05). Before treatment,the white blood cell count(WBC),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)levels in group B were similar to those in Group A(P>0.05).After treatment,the WBC(7.71±1.94)×109 /L,hs CRP(4.96±1.44)mg/L,and PCT(84.32±21.40)pg/mL in Group B were lower than those in Group A(9.05±2.48)×109 /L,(6.17±1.85)mg/L,and(105.46±34.02)pg/mL,respectivelyt=2.918,3.538,3.606,all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in Group B was 8.52%,while in Group A it was 4.26%.The incidence of adverse reactions in group B was similar to that in group A(χ 2 =0.178,P>0.05).Conclusions  Bronchoscopy combined with nebulized inhalation therapy for children with MPP can shorten the recovery time,promote the disappearance of lung shadows,reduce their inflammatory index levels,and without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions.
论著

串联质谱技术筛查高危新生儿遗传代谢性疾病的价值分析

Value analysis of tandem mass spectrometry in screening genetic metabolic diseases in high-risk neonates

:372-376
 
       目的   分析串联质谱技术筛查高危新生儿遗传代谢性疾病的价值。方法   于2023年1月—2024年3月,选择入住本院新生儿科的995例高危新生儿作为研究对象,采用串联质谱技术进行筛查,对筛查结果进行分析。结果   本研究期内995例新生儿初筛查阳性83例,最终确诊5例,假阳性78例,真阴性912例,阳性率8.34%(83/995),真阳性率6.02%(5/83)。确诊病例包括尿素循环障碍及高氨血症4例(其中2例经全外显子组核心家系测序分析确诊鸟氨酸氨甲酰转移酶缺乏症,基因变异来源为新发),枫糖尿症1例(基因确诊,变异来源为父亲及母亲)。结论   在高危新生儿遗传代谢疾病的筛查中,运用串联质谱技术进行筛查,及时有效进行专项检查,早期诊断遗传代谢性疾病,及时控制病情进展,降低死亡率和致残率,从而提高人口素质及生存质量,同时,对遗传代谢病的高危家庭开展咨询,指导优生优育。
       Objective  To analyze the value of tandem mass spectrometry in screening genetic metabolic diseases in high-
risk neonates.Methods  From January 2023 to March 2024,a total of 995 high-risk neonates admitted to the neonatal department of our hospital were selected as the research subjects,tandem mass spectrometry was used for screening,and the screening results were analyzed.Results  During the study period,83 of the 995 neonates were positive in the initial screening,5 cases were finally confirmed,78 cases were false positives,and 912 cases were true negatives,with a positive rate of 8.34%(83/995)and a true positive rate of 6.02%(5/83).The confirmed cases included 4 cases of urea cycle disorder and hyperammonemia(2 cases were confirmed with ornithine carbamyltransferase deficiency by whole exome core family sequencing analysis,and the source of the gene variant was de novo),and 1 case of maple syrup urine disease(genetic diagnosis,the source of the mutation was father and mother).Conclusions  In the screening of genetic metabolic diseases in high-risk neonates,the use of special examinations in tandem mass spectrometry can timely and effectively diagnosis genetic metabolic diseases,therefore timely control the progression of disease and reduce mortality and disability rates,consequently improve the quality of population and life.At the same time,we can provide guidance for good birth and good parenting by carrying out consultation to high-risk genetic metabolic diseases families.
论著

基于 BCVA 和角膜水肿程度探讨改良与常规小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼的临床价值

Based on BCVA and modified with conventional corneal edema degree to explore the clinical value of treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma trabeculectomy

:366-371
 
       目的   基于最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、角膜水肿程度对比改良与常规小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼(AACG)的疗效。方法   回顾性收集2021年12月—2023年6月期间信阳爱尔眼科医院收治的112例AACG患者作为研究对象,依据1∶1匹配原则,将接受常规小梁切除术的56例患者作为对照组,接受改良小梁切除术的56例患者作为观察组,统计两组围术期BCVA、眼压、术后浅前房形成状况、角膜水肿程度以及并发症状况。结果   术后3个月,观察组视力为(0.63±0.04)logMAR,高于对照组(0.50±0.03)logMAR,眼压为(16.22±2.28)mmHg,低于对照组(19.95±2.31)mmHg(t=19.457、8.600,均P<0.05);观察组浅前房发生率为8.93%,低于对照组的26.79%(χ 2 =6.087,P=0.014);观察组角膜水肿状况优于对照组(Z=2.737,P=0.006);观察组脉络膜脱离率、滤道阻塞率、前房积血率、虹膜炎症率依次为1.79%、5.36%、16.07%、10.71%,均低于对照组17.86%、23.21%、32.14%、35.71%(χ 2 =8.166、7.292、3.953、9.818,均P<0.05)。结论   较常规小梁切除术,改良小梁切除术治疗AACG患者,有助于改善视力、降低眼压、减轻角膜水肿、减少浅前房发生,且安全性较高。
       Objective  To compare the efficacy of modified and conventional trabeculectomy in the treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma(AACG)based on best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and degree of corneal edema.Methods  A total of 112 patients with AACG admitted to the hospital during December 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively selected as study objects.According to the 1∶1 matching principle,56 patients receiving conventional trabeculectomy were selected as control group,and 56 patients receiving modified trabeculectomy were selected as observation group.Perioperative BCVA,intraocular pressure,postoperative shallow anterior chamber formation,degree of corneal edema and complications were analyzed.Results  At three months postoperatively,visual acuity in the observation group was(0.63±0.04)logMAR,which was higher than that in the control group(0.50±0.03)logMAR,and intraocular pressure was(16.22±2.28)mmHg,which was lower than that in the control group(19.95±2.31)mmHg(t=19.457,8.600,P<0.05);the incidence of shallow anterior chamber in the observation group was 8.93%,which was lower than that of the control group(26.79%)(χ 2 =6.087,P=0.014);the corneal edema status in the observation group was better than that of the control group(Z=2.737,P=0.006);the rates of choroidal detachment,filtering channel obstruction,hyphema,and iris inflammation in the observation group were 1.79%,5.36%,16.07%,and 10.71%,respectively,which were lower than those of the control group(17.86%,23.21%,32.14%,and 35.71%)(χ 2 =8.166,7.292,3.953,and 9.818,P<0.05).Conclusions  Compared with conventional trabeculectomy,modified trabeculectomy can improve visual acuity,reduce intraocular pressure,relieve corneal edema,and reduce the occurrence of shallow anterior chamber in patients with AACG,with higher safety.
论著

风险防范护理干预对控制冠状动脉造影术后患者血管并发症的影响

Effect of risk prevention nursing intervention on controlling vascular complications in patients after coronary angiography

:356-360
 
      目的   探讨在冠状动脉造影术后患者中应用风险防范护理干预对血管并发症的控制效果。方法   选择2022年1月—2023年6月于我院接受治疗的85例冠状动脉造影术后患者。按照随机数字表法分组,其中对照组42例给予常规护理干预,观察组43例给予风险防范护理干预,比较两组干预前后的心理状态、治疗依从性、血管并发症。结果   干预后,观察组正性情绪(PA)评分高于对照组PA评分(t=3.821,P<0.001),观察组负性情绪(NA)评分低于对照组NA评分(t=5.380,P<0.001)。与对照组比,观察组治疗依从性更好(Z=2.268,P=0.023)。观察组血管并发症总发生率低于对照组(9.30% vs 30.95%,χ 2 =6.224,P=0.013)。结论   采用风险防范护理干预,能够改善冠状动脉造影术后患者的心理状态,提高治疗依从性,并降低血管并发症总发生率。
       Objective  To explore the effect of  risk prevention nursing intervention on controlling vascular complications in patients after coronary angiography.Methods  Eighty-five patients after coronary angiography in our hospital were selected from January 2022 to June 2023.They were grouped according to the random number table.And 42 cases were divided into the control group for routine nursing intervention,and 43 cases in the observation group were given risk prevention nursing intervention.Psychological status,treatment compliance and vascular complications of the two groups were observed.Results  After the intervention,the postive affect score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(t=3.821,P<0.001),and the negative affect score of the observation group(21.25±3.31)was lower than the score of the control group(25.35±3.70)t=5.380,P<0.001).Compared with the control group the compliance of observation group was higher(Z=2.268,P=0.023).The overall incidence of vascular complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(9.30% vs 30.95%,χ2=6.224,P=0.013).Conclusions  Risk prevention nursing intervention can improve the psychological status of patients after coronary angiography,improve treatment compliance,and reduce the overall incidence of vascular complications.
论著

一种改良的使用玻璃毛细管进行小鼠玻璃体腔注射方法

An improved method for intravitreal injection in the experimental mouse eye with glass capillary

:350-355
 
       目的   针对目前常规使用的玻璃体腔注射针头容易引起注射后小鼠眼内出血和损伤晶状体的缺陷,本研究采用直径仅0.08 mm的玻璃毛细管作为实验用小鼠眼内注射针头进行玻璃体腔注射,并评估其安全性和可行性。方法  选取12只6-8周的C57BL/6J雄性小鼠,左眼注射磷酸盐缓冲液为实验组,右眼不做特殊处理为对照组。6只小鼠玻璃体腔注射后立即腹腔注射伊文思蓝,检测视网膜血管渗漏情况;另外6只小鼠玻璃体腔注射后24 h处死,视网膜铺片免疫荧光染色小胶质细胞特异性抗体抗离子钙接头蛋白1,分析小胶质细胞的形态变化。结果  实验组和对照组血管与周围荧光强度比值分别为(4.45±0.30)和(4.51±0.24),小胶质细胞数量分别为(131.00±5.38)个/mm2 和(133.00±5.99)个/mm2 ,小胶质细胞胞体面积分别为34.02(27.82,40.54)μm2 和34.70(26.09,40.54)μm2 ,小胶质细胞分支长度分别为198.80(171.30,258.80)μm和223.30(178.20,278.30)μm,两组相比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论   经改良的玻璃毛细管直径更细,损伤更小,可以替代传统的注射针头,可作为实验用小鼠眼内注射针头进行玻璃体腔注射。
       Objective  To assess the safety and feasibility of employing an enhanced glass capillary,with a diameter of 0.08 mm,as an intraocular needle for intravitreal injections in experimental mice eyes.Methods  Twelve male C57BL/6J mice,aged 6-8 weeks,were utilized in this investigation.Phosphate buffered saline(PBS)was administered via intravitreal injection into the left eye of each mouse(experimental group),while the right eye received no special treatment(control group).Six mice received an intraperitoneal injection of Evans blue immediately following intravitreal injection to detect retinal vessel leakage.The remaining six mice were euthanized 24 hours after intravitreal injection,and the retinas were subjected to immunofluorescence staining using a microglia-specific antibody to analyze morphological changes in microglia.Results  In both the experimental and control groups,the ratio of vascular to peripheral fluorescence intensity was(4.45±0.30)and(4.51±0.24),respectively.The number of microglia was(131.00±5.38)/mm2  and(133.00±5.99)/mm2 ,the cell body area of microglia was 34.02(27.82,40.54)μm2  and 34.70(26.09,40.54)μm2 ,and the branch length of microglia was 198.80(171.30,258.80)μm and 223.30(178.20,278.30)μm,respectively.There were no statistically differences observed in any of the above indicators between the two groups(all P>0.05).Conclusions  The use of this glass capillary,characterized by a narrower diameter,reduces tissue damage,demonstrates its potential to replace traditional injection needles for performing intravitreal injections in experimental mice.
论著

D-HyCoSy 配合宫腔水造影对不孕症患者 IUA 诊断灵敏度、特异度分析

The analysis of sensitivity and specificity of D-HyCoSy combined with uterine hydrography in the diagnosis of IUA in infertile patients

:346-349
 
       目的   探析子宫输卵管超声造影(D-HyCoSy)配合宫腔水造影对不孕症患者宫腔粘连(IUA)诊断灵敏度、特异度情况。方法   选取2021年1月—2023年2月南华大学附属长沙中心医院的110例不孕症者为研究对象,均予以宫腔水造影、D-HyCoSy,以宫腔镜病理结果为金标准,分析不同诊断方法应用的效果。结果   在110例不孕症患者中,经宫腔镜病理检查发现,宫腔粘连患者占比47.27%(52/110)。D-HyCoSy的诊断准确率为76.36%、宫腔水造影的为79.09%,均低于联合诊断的93.63%(P<0.05)。D-HyCoSy的诊断灵敏度为73.08%,宫腔水造影的为80.77%,均低于联合诊断的94.23%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。D-HyCoSy的诊断特异度为79.31%,宫腔水造影的为77.59%,与联合诊断的93.10%相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论   对于不孕症患者,予以宫腔水造影联合D-HyCoSy诊断,其诊断效能高于单一诊断检查率,能更准确地判定宫腔粘连,效能高。
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