目的 探讨Ki-67、微小染色体维持蛋白2(MCM2)、p16在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变中的表达及其临床意义。方法 采用免疫组化检测Ki-67、MCM2、p16在宫颈炎症组14例、低级别鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)组47例、高级别鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)组49例中的表达情况,以病理结果作为金标准,对结果进行统计分析。结果 HSIL组中Ki-67、MCM2、p16阳性率均高于炎症组和LSIL组(均P<0.017)。HSIL组中Ki-67、MCM2过表达率均显著高于炎症组和LSIL组(均P<0.017)。随着宫颈病变级别增加,Ki-67及MCM2阳性范围从基底层至表层逐渐扩大。MCM2及Ki-67在LSIL组中表达模式多为基底层的非过表达模式,HSIL组多为中层及以上的过表达模式。Spearman相关性分析显示,MCM2和Ki-67在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变中的表达强度之间呈正相关(r=0.801,P<0.05);p16与MCM2在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变中的表达呈正相关(r=0.559,P<0.05);p16与Ki-67在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变中的表达呈正相关(r=0.478,P<0.05)。结论 p16阳性提示宫颈高级别鳞状上皮内病变。MCM2与Ki-67在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变中的表达具有较高一致性,MCM2可作为宫颈鳞状上皮内病变新的增殖标志物。
Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Ki-67,MCM2 and p16 in cervical intraepithelial lesions.Methods The expressions of Ki-67,MCM2 and p16 in cervicitis group(14 cases),low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(LSIL) group(47 cases)and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL) group(49 cases)were detected by immunohistochemistry.The pathological results were used as the gold standard for statistical analysis.Results The positive rates of Ki-67,MCM2 and p16 in HSIL group were significantly higher than those in cervicitis group and LSIL group(P<0.017).The over-expression rates of Ki-67,MCM2 in HSIL group were significantly higher than those in cervicitis group and LSIL grou(P<0.017).With the increase of cervical lesion grade,the positive range of Ki-67 and MCM2 gradually expanded from basallayer to surface layer.The expression patterns of MCM2 and Ki-67 in LSIL group were mostly non-overexpressed in the basal layers,while those in HSIL group were mostly overexpressed in the middle layer and above.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression intensity of MCM2 and Ki-67 in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions was positively correlated(r=0.801,P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between the expression of p16 and MCM2 in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions(r=0.559,P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between the expression of p16 and Ki-67 in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions(r=0.478,P<0.05).Conclusions Positive p16 indicates high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.The expression of MCM2 and Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial lesions is highly consistent.MCM2 can be used as a new proliferative marker for cervical intraepithelial lesions.
目的 开发适合中国肾癌患者的生命质量测定量表的特异模块。方法 采用议题小组和核心小组的程序化决策方式,提出条目池,形成初步量表,采用医生及患者重要性评分法、相关系数法、变异度法、因子分析法和克朗巴赫系数α对20例肾癌患者和20名医护人员进行的数据进行统计分析。结果 经过上述方法进行筛检,结合专家小组的建议,最终得到含有11个条目的肾癌生命质量测定量表的特异模块。结论 肾癌的生命质量测定量表特异模块严格按照程序执行,具有较好的内容效度。
Objective To develop the specific module of the quality of life instruments for patients with renal cancer(QLICP-RE).Methods With the structured group(nominal group and focus group)methods,the item pool was put forward and a preliminary instrument was formed.The data from 20 renal cancer patients and 20 doctors/nurses were analyzed by statistical procedures.Doctors and patients’ importance rating procedure,correlation analysis,method of coefficient of variation,factor analysis,and Cronbach’s α.Results By above statistical procedures and advises of expert panel,11-items of the specific module were formed finally.Conclusions The specific module of QLICP-RE developed on the strict procedures has good content validity and representativeness.
目的 探讨多梳蛋白SUZ12对肝细胞肝癌(HCC)细胞增殖、血管生成拟态形成和人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)血管生成的影响。方法 分别利用MTT比色法及体外血管生成实验检测SUZ12表达水平改变对HCC细胞SMMC-7721、Hep3B增殖、血管生成拟态形成和HUVECs血管生成的影响。结果 MTT结果显示,在HCC细胞中分别敲低或过表达SUZ12均对HCC细胞的增殖能力无明显影响。将SUZ12低表达HCC细胞与HUVECs共培养后,HCC细胞的血管生成拟态管样结构形成增多。此外,将SUZ12敲低组HCC细胞的培养上清用于培养HUVECs后,HUVECs的血管生成拟态管样结构形成也明显增多。结论 SUZ12对HCC细胞的增殖无影响,其在HCC中可抑制HCC细胞和HUVECs的血管生成拟态管样结构形成。上述结果提示SUZ12可能通过调控HCC细胞及HUVECs的血管生成发挥抑癌作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of SUZ12 on cell proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),vasculogenic mimicry formation and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)angiogenesis.Methods MTT assay was performed to detect the proliferation of SMMC-7721 and Hep3B cells.The effects of SUZ12 on the angiogenesis of HCC cells and HUVECs cells were studied by in vitro angiogenesis experiment.Results The result of MTT assay showed that SUZ12 knockdown or overexpression in HCC cells had no significant effect on the proliferation of HCC cells.We found that when HCC cells with low SUZ12 expression were co-cultured with HUVECs cells,the formation of vasculogenic mimicry tubular structures in HCC cells increased.In addition,we also found that after the culture supernatant of HCC cells in the SUZ12 knockdown group was used to culture HUVECs cells,the formation of vasculogenic mimicry tubular structures in HUVECs cells also increased significantly.Conclusions SUZ12 has no effect on the proliferation of HCC cells,but it can inhibit the formation of vasculogenic mimicry tubular structures in HCC cells and HUVECs cells.These results suggest that SUZ12 plays a role in cancer inhibition by regulating the angiogenesis of HCCcells and HUVECs cells.
患有发育障碍类疾病的儿童数量庞大,给社会造成了严重的影响。这类疾病难以预防和治愈,同时缺乏特效药物,因此治疗主要依赖于行为和教育干预,药物治疗只是辅助手段。然而,目前临床相关治疗均有一定的不足,如存在不良反应、治疗周期相对较长、专业性要求相对较高等缺点。与之相比,音乐疗法具有操作简便、不良反应少等优势,因此可应用于儿科多种慢性疾病的治疗。文章旨在通过研究现代音乐治疗,探讨结合古代五音疗法、现代知识以及中医理论,为儿童临床治疗提供一定的方法指导。
The number of children suffering from developmental disorders is substantial,causing significant impact on society.These diseases are difficult to prevent and cure,with a lack of specific medications,thus treatment primarily relies on behavioral and educational interventions,with medication being only an auxiliary measure.However,current clinical treatments have certain drawbacks,such as potential toxic side effects,relatively long treatment periods,and high demands for specialization.In contrast,music therapy offers significant advantages such as easy operation and minimal side effects,making it suitable for the treatment of various chronic pediatric disease.This paper aims to explore the integration of ancient pentatonic therapy,modern knowledge,and traditional Chinese medicine theory through the study of modern music therapy,providing guidance for clinical treatment of children.
药源性心脏毒性是临床常见的药物不良反应,是药物研发和临床治疗需面临的严峻考验。对药源性心脏毒性的评价是目前研究的重点,基于其机制复杂多样、临床表现不一、影响因素多,早期评价具有困难。生物标志物是评价心脏毒性的重要指标之一,文章总结了目前已经报道的多种心脏毒性标志物及其潜在的生物标志物,希望能从中找到特异性强、敏感性高的标志物,以贡献于药物心脏安全性评价工作。
As a common clinical adverse reaction,pharmacogenic cardiotoxicity is a severe challenge for drug development and clinical treatment.The evaluation of pharmacogenic cardiotoxicity is the focus of current research,and early evaluation is difficult with its complex and diverse mechanisms,varying clinical manifestations,and numerous influencing factors.Biomarker is an important index to evaluate cardiotoxicity.This article summarizes a variety of cardiotoxicity biomarkers and other potential biomarkers that have been reported so far,hoping to find biomarkers with strong specificity and high sensitivity,so as tocontribute to the evaluation on cardiac safety of drugs.
近年来,人工智能技术(AI)的发展正在逐渐改变传统的医疗行业,机器学习作为人工智能技术中的主流被越来越多地应用于分析复杂的医学数据,为疾病的诊断、预后风险评估、诊疗决策的制定等方面提供了便利。文章对国内外机器学习算法在术后谵妄中的应用进行综述,以期为术后谵妄预测模型的构建提供新的思路,为临床早期评估术后谵妄提供新的依据。
In recent years,the development of artificial intelligence(AI)is gradually changing the traditional medical industry.Machine learning,as the mainstream of artificial intelligence technology,is increasingly applied to analyze complex data in medical research.It provides convenience for disease diagnosis,risk assessment and diagnosis and treatment decision making.This paper reviews the application of machine learning algorithms in postoperative delirium at home and abroad,in order to provide a new idea for the construction of postoperative delirium prediction model and a new basis for early clinical evaluation of postoperative delirium.
目的 分析高原地区3~6年级学生屈光状态及屈光参数之间的关系。方法 2023年9月,采用随机抽样方法选取林芝市波密县某两所小学3~6年级535名学生进行校园筛查。计算并记录裸眼远视力(UCVA),非睫状肌麻痹电脑验光下散光及其轴位、等效球镜(SE)、眼轴(AL)、角膜曲率半径(CR)和眼轴/角膜曲率半径轴率比(AL/CR)。采用SPSS 22.00统计软件分析数据。结果 3~6年级学生AL和AL/CR大体趋势为随年级升高而增长,SE随年级升高而降低。3~6年级学生总体筛查性近视患病率为29.91%,且3~6年级筛查性近视患病率分别为20.35%、25.53%、30.53%和51.38%。总体散光患病率为51.59%,其中顺规散光、逆规散光及斜轴散光分别占90.22%、7.61%及2.17%。视力不良者约40.37%。以非睫状肌麻痹验光SE≤-0.50 D同时UCVA<5.0作为筛查性近视的诊断,AL/CR诊断筛查性近视的灵敏度为0.656、特异度为0.887和Youden指数为0.534,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.802,优于AL评估(AUC=0.764)。结论 高原地区3~6年级学生的筛查性近视患病率随年级升高而快速增长,且散光患病率较高,视力不良者较多。AL/CR值对筛查性近视监测具有一定的临床意义。
Objective To analyze the relationship between refractive status and refractive parameters of students in grades three-six in plateau area.Methods In September,2023,a random sampling method was used to select 535 students from grades three-six of two primary schools in Bomi County,Nyingchi City,for school screening.Distance uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),astigmatism and its axis position,equivalent spherical(SE),axial length(AL),corneal radius(CR),and axial length/corneal radius ratio(AL/CR)were calculated and recorded.The data was analyzed using the statistical software SPSS 22.00.Results The general trend of AL and AL/CR for grade three-six students was increased with grade increasing,while SE decreased with grade increasing.The overall prevalence of screening myopia was 29.91%,and the prevalence of screening myopia in grades three to six was 20.35%,25.53%,30.53% and 51.38%,respectively.The overall prevalence rate of astigmatism was 51.59%,including 90.22%,7.61% and 2.17% for astigmatism with the rule,astigmatism against the rule and oblique astigmatism,respectively.About 40.37% of the students had poor vision.Screening myopia was diagnosed using non-cycloplegic optometry with SE ≤-0.50 D combined with UCVA<5.0.The sensitivity and specificity of AL/CR for screening myopia were 0.656 and 0.887,respectively,with a Youden index of 0.534 and an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.802.This was superior to the AL evaluation,which had an AUC of 0.764.Conclusions The prevalence of screening myopia increased rapidly with the increase of grade in grade 3 to 6 in plateau area.And there were high prevalence of astigmatism and more poor vision.AL/CR value has a certain clinical significance in the monitoring of screening myopia.
近视是一种常见的屈光不正状态,也是全球范围内普遍存在的视觉健康问题,其特征是在眼部调节放松的状态下,平行光线经眼的屈光系统折射后聚焦在视网膜前,导致视远模糊。近视通常在儿童期发生和发展,但在成年期仍可继续发生和发展。本综述对已发表的关于成年人近视发生和进展的文献进行总结,描述成年人近视的流行病学特征,包括近视率、近视发病率、近视进展率及其近视特征(屈光度及眼轴),总结成年人近视发病和进展的危险因素。了解成年人近视的发展特点和管理方式对于近视防控实践具有重要意义。
Myopia is a common refractive error and a universal visual health problem in the world. It is characterized by the fact that parallel light rays refract through the refractive system of the eye and focus in front of the retina when the eye accommodatior is relaxed, resulting in distant blurred vision. Myopia usually occurs and develops in childhood, but can continue to occur and develop in adulthood. This review summarizes the published literature on the occurrence and progression of myopia in adults, describes the epidemiological characteristics of myopia in adults, including myopia rate, myopia incidence rate, myopia progression rate, and myopia characteristics(diopter and ocular axis) ; and summarizes the risk factors for the occurrence and progression of myopia in adults. Understanding the developmental characteristics and management methods of adult myopia is of great significance for myopia prevention and control practice.
近几十年来,全球近视患病率不断上升,已成为全世界主要的公共卫生问题之一。众多研究表明户外活动能有效控制近视的发生和发展。本文综述了户外活动对近视防控作用的研究进展及其作用机制,以期为近视防控提供新的思路。
In recent decades, the prevalence of myopia has been increasing globally, becoming one of the major public health issues worldwide. Numerous studies indicate that outdoor activities can effectively control the onset and progression of myopia. This article reviews the research progress on prevention and control effect and mechanism of outdoor activities on myopia, hoping to provide new insights for myopia prevention and control.