目的 探讨谷氨酸对HT22细胞线粒体自噬和细胞凋亡的影响,并评估虾青素预处理的保护作用及其分子机制。方法 用谷氨酸及虾青素处理HT22细胞,通过蛋白印迹及聚合酶联反应等评估其对线粒体自噬的影响。结果 谷氨酸处理显著抑制线粒体初级自噬(PINK1、Parkin、pULK1ser555和LC3Ⅱ)和次级自噬(LAMP1和Rab7),上调cleaved Caspase-3的表达(P<0.05)。虾青素预处理减少细胞凋亡,恢复了线粒体自噬,PINK1、Parkin、pULK1ser555和LC3Ⅱ的表达水平上升(分别为2.3倍、2.6倍、83.3%及81.1%)(P<0.05),该作用被自噬抑制剂BafA1阻断。此外,谷氨酸抑制Nrf2核内转移和NLRX1表达,而预处理显著促进Nrf2的核内转移并上调NLRX1,分别上调25.8%、33.2%。生物信息学分析显示NLRX1启动子区域含有3个Nrf2结合位点,提示Nrf2通过调控NLRX1转录活性发挥作用。结论 文章揭示虾青素通过Nrf2/NLRX1通路激活线粒体自噬,展现神经保护作用。
Objective To explore the effects of glutamate on mitophagy and apoptosis in HT22 cells and evaluate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of astaxanthin pretreatment.Methods HT22 cells were treated with glutamate and astaxanthin.The effects on mitophagy were assessed using Western Blot and PCR.Results Glutamate treatment significantly inhibited primary mitophagy(PINK1,Parkin,pULK1ser555 and LC3II)and secondary mitophagy(LAMP1 and Rab7)while upregulating cleaved Caspase-3 expression.Astaxanthin pretreatment notably reduced apoptosis and restored mitophagy,the expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,pULK1ser555 and LC3II were significantly upregulated(by 2.3-fold,2.6-fold,83.3% and 81.1% respectively,P<0.05),but this effect was blocked by the autophagy inhibitor BafA1.Additionally,glutamate suppressed Nrf2 nuclear translocation and NLRX1 expression,whereas astaxanthin promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and increased NLRX1 expression by 25.8% and 33.2%,respectively.Bioinformatics analysis revealed three Nrf2 binding sites in the NLRX1 promoter region,suggesting that Nrf2 may regulate NLRX1 transcriptional activity.Conclusions The study demonstrates that astaxanthin exhibited potential neuroprotective effect by activating mitophagy through the Nrf2/NLRX1 pathway.
目的 探讨高龄妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)产妇糖耐量的特点及其与妊娠结局的关系。方法 选择2020年1月1日—2024年12月31日在广州市第一人民医院规律产检并分娩的高龄产妇727例,包括高龄初产妇226例(GDM 78例)和高龄经产妇501例(GDM 131例),按照75 g OGTT血糖异常项数进行分组:一项血糖异常产妇为GDM I组(高龄初产妇38例,高龄经产妇68例);两项血糖异常产妇为GDM Ⅱ组(高龄初产妇26例,高龄经产妇51例);三项血糖异常产妇为GDM Ⅲ组(高龄初产妇14例,高龄经产妇12例);75 g OGTT正常高龄产妇为对照组。收集研究对象一般资料、75g OGTT血糖及相关妊娠结局进行分析比较。结果 高龄初产妇GDM发生率(34.51%)较高龄经产妇GDM发生率(26.15%)高,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.021);高龄初产妇GDM Ⅲ型宫内感染(28.57%)、产后出血(14.29%)发生率最高,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.037、0.039);高龄初产妇GDM I型早产(23.68%)发生率最高,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.013)。高龄初产妇及经产妇GDM Ⅱ型的羊水过多、甲状腺功能减退、宫内感染、早产发生率均呈上升趋势。结论 高龄妊娠糖尿病产妇随OGTT血糖异常项增多出现不良妊娠结局风险升高,其中高龄初产妇的早产、宫内感染及产后出血的发生率更高,因此,针对高龄初产妇,应更加注重孕期血糖及健康管理,以减少不良妊娠结局的发生。
Objective To analyze glucose tolerance characteristics in elderly pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and relationship with pregnancy outcomes.Methods From January 1,2020,and December 31,2024,727 elderly pregnant women who underwent routine prenatal examinations and delivered in Guangzhou First People’s Hospital were recruit.Among them,226 were elderly primiparas and 501 were elderly multiparas.GDM was diagnosed in 78 elderly primiparas and 131 elderly multiparas.Based on the results of the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT),GDM cases were classified as follows:GDM I(one abnormal glucose value;38 elderly primiparas,68 elderly multiparas),GDM II(two abnormal values;26 elderly primiparas,51 elderly multiparas),and GDM Ⅲ(three abnormal values;14 elderly primiparas,12 elderly multiparas).Elderly pregnant women with normal OGTT results served as the control group.General clinical data and pregnancy outcomes were collected.The prevalence and characteristics of GDM in elderly primiparas and multiparas were analyzed.Results The incidence of GDM was significantly higher in elderly primiparas than in elderly multiparas(P=0.021).The incidence of intrauterine infection and postpartum hemorrhage was highest in elderly primiparas with GDM Ⅲ(P=0.037,0.039).The incidence of preterm birth was highest in elderly primiparas with GDM I(P=0.013).The incidence of polyhydramnios,hypothyroidism,intrauterine infection,and preterm birth showed an increasing trend in both elderly primiparas and multiparas with GDM II.Conclusions Elderly primiparas with more severe glucose tolerance abnormalities are at a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Enhanced blood glucose monitoring and comprehensive health management during pregnancy are crucial for reducing the incidence of adverse outcomes in this population.
目的 对比乏白细胞富血小板血浆(LP-PRP)与富白细胞富血小板血浆(LR-PRP)联合体外冲击波疗法(ESWT)治疗慢性非止点跟腱腱病(NIAT)的临床价值。方法 选取2021年12月—2023年12月赣州市人民医院收治的80例慢性NIAT患者,以随机数表法分为两组,即对照组和观察组各40例,观察组予LP-PRP联合ESWT治疗,对照组予LR-PRP联合ESWT治疗;于治疗前、第一次治疗后1个月、3个月比较两组疼痛度[视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分]、跟腱病变程度[维多利亚体育研究所跟腱评估问卷(VISA-A)]、跟腱功能(Arner-Lindholm跟腱功能评分),并比较两组并发症的发生率。结果 两组在治疗后1个月、3个月的VAS评分下降,VISA-A评分升高,且观察组治疗后3个月的VAS评分(1.05±0.31)分低于对照组的(1.82±0.45)分,VISA-A评分(83.35±5.58)分高于对照组的(76.28±5.35)分(F组间与时点交互=338.478、106.663,均P<0.05);治疗后3个月,观察组跟腱功能(优、良、差各有24、13、3例)优于对照组(优、良、差各有14、16、10例),差异有统计学意义(Z=2.529,P=0.012)。两组治疗后1个月时VAS评分、VISA-A评分及跟腱功能比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 与LR-PRP比较,LP-PRP联合ESWT治疗慢性NIAT更有利于减轻患者跟腱疼痛度及病变程度,改善患者跟腱功能。
Objective To compare the clinical value of leukocyte-poor platelet rich plasma(LP-PRP)and leukocyte-rich platelet rich plasma(LR-PRP)combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)in the treatment of chronic non insertional Achilles tendinopathy(NIAT).MethodsEighty patients with chronic NIAT admitted to Ganzhou People’s Hospital from December 2021 to December 2023 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method:a control group and an observation group,with 40 patients in each group.The observation group received LP-PRP combined with ESWT treatment,while the control group received LR-PRP combined with ESWT treatment.The pain level(Visual Analog Scale[VAS]score),degree of Achilles tendon lesion(Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles tendinopathy questionnaire[VISA-A]),and Achilles tendon function(Arner Lindholm Achilles tendon function score)between the two groups were compared before treatment,one month after the first treatment,and three months after treatment,as well as the incidence of complications between the two groups.Results The VAS scores of both groups decreased and the VISA-A scores increased at one and three months after treatment.The VAS score of the observation group(1.05±0.31)was lower than that of the control group(1.82±0.45)at three months after treatment,while the VISA-A score of the observation group(83.35±5.58)was higher than that of the control group(76.28±5.35)(interaction between group and time point F=338.478,106.663,both P<0.05).After three months of treatment,the Achilles tendon function of the observation group(24 cases of excellent,13 cases of good,and three cases of poor)was better than that of the control group(14 cases of excellent,16 cases of good,and 10 cases ofpoor),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.529,P=0.012).There was no statistically significant difference in VAS score,VISA-A score,and Achilles tendon function between the two groups one month after treatment(all P>0.05).Conclusions Compared with LR-PRP,LP-PRP combined with ESWT was more beneficial in reducing the degree of Achilles tendon pain and lesions in patients with chronic NIAT,and improving Achilles tendon function.
目的 分析早期结直肠癌内镜下治疗前行窄带成像结合放大内镜 (ME-NBI)和超声内镜技术的评估价值。方法 采用回顾性分析方法,以2021年1月— 2023 年 12月中山市第五人民医院收治的102例早期结直肠癌患者为观察对象,所有患者均接受内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)或内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗,根据内镜下治疗前是否进行ME-NBI和超声内镜检查分为研究组与对照组各51例。比较两组年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、直乙结肠占比及组织病理特征;比较两组治疗时间、ESD治疗后非治愈性切除发生率、治愈性切除率、并发症发生情况及再次ESD或外科手术治疗率。结果 两组年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、直乙结肠占比及组织病理比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组中37例行ESD治疗,治疗时间为(120.6±140.3)min,12例行EMR治疗,治疗时间为(11.6±9.3)min,有2例不符合内镜下治疗指征,转外科手术治疗。对照组有38例行ESD治疗,治疗时间为(128.8±144.5)min,13例行EMR治疗,治疗时间为(12.5±9.5)min,两者治疗时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组非治愈性切除率为7.84,低于对照组27.45;治愈性切除率为88.24,高于对照组72.55;研究组ESD手术并发症为8.11%,低于对照组31.58;ESD或外科手术率为6.12,低于对照组25.49(P<0.05),结论 ME-NBI和超声内镜对早期结直肠癌患者行内镜下治疗指征评估更准确,可提高治愈性切除率。
Objective To study the application value of magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI)and ultrasonic endoscopy system before endoscopic treatment in patients with early colorectal cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 102 patients with early-stage colorectal cancer who were admitted to Zhongshan Fifth People’s Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023.All patients were treated with endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)or endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESO).The patients were divided into study group(51 cases)and control group(51 cases)according to whether ME-NBI and ultrasonic endoscopy was performed before endoscopic treatment or not.The patient age,sex,volume of tumor,location of tumor and pathological result of the tumor were compared between two groups.Time for treatment,curative resection rate,non-curative resection rate and the complication incidence of ESD,incidences of second ESD or surgery were compared between the two groups.Results There were no statistical differences in age,sex,volume of tumor,location of tumor and pathological result of the tumor(P>0.05).In the study group,37 patients received ESD treatment,operation time was(120.6±140.3)minutes,and 12 patients received EMR treatment,operation time was(11.6±9.3)minutes,two cases were transferred to surgery due to endoscopic ultrasonography combined with magnifying endoscopy showed that they did not meet the indications for ESD treatment.In the control group,38 patients received ESD treatment,operation time was(128.8±144.5)minutes,13 patients received EMR treatment,operation time was(12.5±9.5)minutes.There was no significant difference in treatment duration between the two groups.The non-curative resection rate of the study group was 7.84%,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(27.45%),and the curative resection rate(88.24%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(72.55%).The complications of ESD surgery in the study group were 8.11%,lower than 31.58% in the control group.The rate of second ESD or surgery was 6.12%,lower than 25.49% in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions ME-NBI and endoscopic ultrasound are more accurate in the evaluation of endoscopic indications for early colorectal cancer patients,and can improve the curative resection rate.
目的 探讨支气管镜灌洗用于儿童重症肺部感染合并肺实变的治疗效果及对CT特征、肺功能的影响。方法 选取2022年5月—2024年5月铜仁市人民医院收治的100例重症肺部感染合并肺实变患儿开展前瞻性研究,应用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患儿采取常规治疗,观察组则采取常规治疗加支气管镜灌洗治疗。对比其临床疗效,治疗前后炎症因子、CT特征及肺功能变化。结果 观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患儿白细胞计数(10.36±2.52)×109 /L、白细胞介素-6(20.57±5.05)ng/L、C反应蛋白(13.12±2.64)mg/L、降钙素原(101.62±12.16)pg/L均低于对照组白细胞计数(13.25±3.32)×109 /L、白细胞介素-6(31.69±4.11)ng/L、C反应蛋白(16.16±4.44)mg/L、降钙素原(113.46±18.11)pg/L(P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿胸腔积液、支气管壁增厚、空气支气管征、肺部实变、磨玻璃影等相关CT影像特征占比下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿呼气流量峰值水平均升高,观察组(90.67±18.45)L/s高于对照组(81.27±17.69)L/s,用力肺活量水平均更高,观察组(3.33±0.68)L高于对照组(2.68±0.25)L(P<0.05)。结论 针对儿童重症肺部感染合并肺实变,在常规治疗基础上增加支气管镜灌洗可提升临床疗效,减轻机体炎症反应,改善胸部CT各种表现及肺功能。
Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with severe pulmonary infection complicated by lung consolidation and its impact on CT features and pulmonary function.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 100 children with severe pulmonary infection complicated with pulmonary consolidation in a hospital from May 2022 to May 2024.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group using a random number table method,50 cases in each group.The control group of children received routine treatment,and the observation group received conventional treatment plus bronchoalvelar lavage.Clinical efficacy,inflammatory factors,CT features,and alterations in pulmonary function before and after therapy were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the white blood cell count(10.36±2.52)×109 /L,interleukin-6(20.57±5.05)ng/L,C-reactive protein(13.12±2.64)mg/L,and procalcitonin(101.62±12.16)pg/L in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group(13.25±3.32)×109 /L,interleukin-6(31.69±4.11)ng/L,C-reactive protein(16.16±4.44)mg/L,and procalcitonin(113.46±18.11)pg/L(P<0.05).After treatment,the proportion of CT imaging features such as pleural effusion,bronchial wall thickening,air bronchogram sign,lung consolidation,ground glass opacities,decreased in both groups of children,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the peak levels of expiratory flow in both groups of children increased,with the observation group(90.67±18.45)L/s higher than the control group(81.27±17.69)L/s.The forced vital capacity levels were also higher,with the observation group(3.33±0.68)L higher than the control group(2.68±0.25)L(P<0.05).Conclusions Adding bronchoalvelar lavage to routine treatment for children with severe pulmonary infection complicated with pulmonary consolidation can improve their clinical efficacy,alleviate inflammatory reactions,and improve various chest CT manifestations and lung function.
目的 探讨肝脏衰弱程度联合肝功能分级预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的价值,作为识别和干预不良结局的依据。方法 选择2022年12月—2023年12月医院接收的肝硬化患者80例进行研究,随访6个月观察患者不良事件发生情况,将出现2个及以上肝病并发症的肝病复合不良事件患者25例作为观察组,将出现1个肝病并发症或未出现并发症的患者55例作为对照组,比较两组患者的基本资料、实验室指标、营养指标、体力活动水平、肝脏衰弱指数(LFI)、肝功能Child-Turcotte-Pugh(CTP)评分,采用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析评估肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的危险因素,使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积评估LFI联合CTP评分预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的价值。结果 观察组年龄、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)高于对照组,红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血肌酐(Scr)、总胆红素(TBIL)、步速、小腿围低于对照组(t分别为4.235、6.500、3.826、3.989、4.289、8.878、2.474,均P<0.05)。观察组营养风险48.00%、LFI≥4.5分52.00%、CTP分级B/C级76.00%高于对照组18.18%、14.55%、27.27%(χ 2 分别为7.664、12.454、16.699,均P<0.05)。单因素Cox回归分析显示年龄、ALT、营养风险、LFI≥4.5分、CTP分级B/C级、RBC、Scr、TBIL、Hb、步速、小腿围为肝硬化患者发生肝病复合不良事件的危险因素(HR分别为2.251、1.578、1.626、1.981、1.715、1.428、1.443、1.419、1.336、1.332、1.254,均P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析显示年龄、ALT、营养风险、LFI≥4.5分、CTP分级B/C级为肝硬化患者发生肝病复合不良事件的独立危险因素(HR分别为2.275、1.746、2.025、1.895,P均<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示LFI、CTP、LFI联合CTP预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的AUC分别为0.82、0.79、0.88(P<0.05)。结论 年龄、肝脏衰弱、CTP分级B/C级、营养风险为肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件的危险因素,肝脏衰弱程度联合肝功能分级预测肝硬化患者肝病复合不良事件具有更高的效能。
Objective To explore the value of predicting liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis by combining the degree of liver frailty with liver function grading,as a basis for identifying and intervening in adverse outcomes.Methods A study was conducted on 80 patients with liver cirrhosis admitted to the hospital from December 2022 to December 2023.Patients were followed up for six months to observe the occurrence of adverse events.Twenty-five patients with liver disease complex adverse events with two or more liver disease complications were selected as the observation group,and 55 patients with one or no liver disease complication were selected as the control group.The basic information,laboratory indicators,nutritional indicators,physical activity levels,liver frailty index(LFI),Child Turcotte Pugh(CTP)scores,univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors for liver disease complex adverse events in liver cirrhosis patients.The value of combining LFI and CTP score in predicting liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis was assessed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)curve area.Results The age,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),red blood cell count(RBC),hemoglobin(Hb),serum creatinine(Scr),total bilirubin(TBIL),walking speed,and calf circumference of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(t=4.235,6.500,3.826,3.989,4.289,8.878,2.474,all P<0.05).The nutritional risk of the observation group was 48.00%,LFI score≥4.5 was 52.00%,CTP grade B/C was 76.00%,which was higher than that of the control group at 18.18%,14.55%,and 27.27%(χ 2 =7.664,12.454,16.699,all P<0.05).Univariate Cox regression analysis showed age,nutritional risk,LFI ≥ 4.5,CTP grade B/C,RBC,Scr,TBIL,Hb,step speed and calf circumference were risk factors for the occurrence of liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis(HR values=2.251,1.578,1.626,1.981,1.715,1.428,1.443,1.419,1.336,1.332,1.254,all P<0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age,ALT,nutritional risk,LFI ≥ 4.5,and CTP grade B/C were independent risk factors for liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis(HR values=2.275,1.746,2.025,1.895,all P<0.05).The ROC curve results showed that the AUC of LFI,CTP,and LFI combined with CTP in predicting liver disease composite adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis were 0.82,0.79,and 0.88,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusions Age,liver frailty,CTP grade B/C,and nutritional risk are risk factors for liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis.The combination of LFI and liver function grade has higher efficacy in predicting liver disease complex adverse events in patients with liver cirrhosis.
目的 调查南宁市2022—2024年食源性疾病的发生情况,并分析该地食源性疾病的流行病学特征,为防控食源性疾病提供依据。方法 在2022年1月—2024年12月统计南宁市多中心上报的食源性疾病发生情况,并分析食源性疾病的分布特征。结果 2022年1月—2024年12月在南宁市共计调查21 712例食源性疾病患者,其中男性占49.25%,女性占50.75%;食源性疾病以18~59岁、4~17岁年龄段占比相对较高,在季节方面2022年以秋季占比较高,2023—2024年以夏季占比较高;散居儿童、学生和农民是食源性疾病的主要人群,混合食品、水果及其制品、粮食类及其制品、肉类及其制品为前四位暴露食品;包装方面以散装占比最高、进食场所则以家庭占比最高;食源性疾病患者3年间不同性别、年龄段、发病季节、人群类型、暴露食品、包装形式及进食场所比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。症状主要以消化道症状、其他/全身症状为主。结论 南宁市2022—2024年食源性疾病发生例数有所增长,多发于夏秋季节,散居儿童、学生、农民是食源性疾病的高风险群体,同时针对散装食品,尤其混合食品、水果及其制品、粮食类及其制品、肉类及其制品等主要暴露食品应做好重点防控监测,可根据本地食源性疾病发生的流行病学特征进行对应的宣传教育,以确保食品安全。
Objective To explore the occurrence of foodborne diseases in Nanning City from 2022 to 2024,and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in the area,providing a basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods From January 2022 to December 2024,the incidence of foodborne diseases reported by multiple centers in Nanning City was statistically analyzed,and the distribution characteristics of foodborne diseases were analyzed.Results From January 2022 to December 2024,a total of 21 712 foodborne disease patients were analyzed in Nanning City,among them,males account for 49.25% and females account for 50.75%.Foodborne diseases had a relatively high proportion in the age groups of 18-59 and 4-17 years old.In terms of seasons,the proportion was higher in autumn 2022 and in summer 2023-2024.Scattered children,students,and farmers were the main populations of foodborne diseases,with mixed foods,fruits and their products,grains and their products,and meat and its products being the top four exposed foods.In terms of packaging,bulk packaging had the highest proportion,while in terms of eating places,household packaging has the highest proportion.There were statistically significant differences in the gender,age group,onset season,population type,exposed food,packaging form,and eating location of foodborne disease patients over a three-year period.Conclusions The number of foodborne diseases in Nanning City has increased from 2022 to 2024,mostly occurring in summer and autumn seasons.Scattered children,students,and farmers are high-risk groups for foodborne diseases.At the same time,key prevention and control monitoring should be carried out for bulk foods,especially mixed foods,fruits and their products,grains and their products,meat and their products,and corresponding publicity and education can be carried out according to the epidemiological characteristics of local foodborne diseases to ensure food safety.
目的 研究慢性非特异性腰痛患者腰椎正侧位X线中腰椎侧弯、L1-5棘突偏歪和椎体滑脱情况,总结规律,为慢性非特异性腰痛患者治疗提供依据。方法 选取164例慢性非特异性腰痛患者,观察并记录每例患者腰椎正侧位X线中腰椎侧弯、L1~L5棘突偏歪和椎体滑脱情况。用统计学软件分析腰椎侧弯、棘突偏歪和椎体滑脱情况。结果 共有59例发生腰椎侧弯,占35.98%,其中Cobb角5°~10 °有47例,占28.66%;Cobb角>10°有12例,占7.32%。腰椎侧弯发病以L4为下端椎为主。以L3为下端椎有12例患者,占20.34%;以L4为下端椎有37例患者,占62.71%;以L5为发椎有10例患者,占16.95%。共119例发生棘突偏歪,占总例数的72.56%。L5棘突偏歪最常见,发生率为57.93%;L4次之,发生率为48.17%。L5棘突偏歪率与L1~L3棘突偏歪率比较差异均有统计学意义(χ 2 分别为14.580,11.771,7.484,P分别为<0.001,0.001,0.006),但与L4棘突偏歪率比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =3.124,P=0.077)。共30例患者存在椎体滑脱,占18.29%。L5最常发生滑脱,发生率为8.54%;L4次之,发生率为7.93%。L4与L5椎体滑脱率比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =0.040,P=0.841);L4分别与L1,L2,L3以及L5分别与L1,L2,L3椎体滑脱率差异均有统计学意义(L5与L1、L2、L3:χ 2 分别为14.580、11.771、7.484,P分别为<0.001、0.001、0.006;L4与L1、L2、L3:χ 2 分别为13.495、10.712、6.550,P分别为<0.001、0.001、0.010)。结论 慢性非特异性腰痛患者较常发生腰椎侧弯,侧弯以L4为下端椎为主;慢性非特异性腰痛患者较常发生棘突偏歪,L5棘突偏歪最常见,L4次之;L5和L4是慢性非特异性腰痛患者最常发生滑脱的椎体。在治疗慢性非特异性腰痛患者时,与L5和L4相关的肌肉、筋膜等软组织损伤以及关节退行性变或紊乱应引起重点关注。
Objective To study the lumbar scoliosis,L1-5 spinous process deviation and spondylolisthesis in spine X-ray of patients with chronic non-specific low back pain(CNLBP),and summarizing the existing rules,so as to provide imaging theoretical support for the treatment of CNLBP.Methods A total of 164 patients with CNLBP were selected.The lumbar scoliosis,L1-5 spinous process deviation and spondylolisthesis were observed and recorded in the anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films of each patient.The lumbar scoliosis,spinous process deviation and spondylolisthesis were statistically analyzed by statistical software.Results A total of 59 people had lumbar scoliosis,accounting for 35.98%.There were 47 patients with 5°-10° Cobb angle,accounting for 28.66%.There were 12 patients with Cobb angle >10°,accounting for 7.32%.L4 was the main lower apical vertebra of lumbar scoliosis.There were 12 patients with L3 as the lower apical vertebra,accounting for 20.34%;37 patients with L4 as the lower apical vertebra,accounting for 62.71%;10 patients with L5 as the lower apical vertebra,accounting for 16.95%.A total of 119 people appeared spinous process deviation,accounting for 72.56%.L5 spinous process deviation was the most common,with proportion of 57.93%,and L4 was the second,with proportion of was 48.17%.The results of chi-square test showed that there were significant differences between L5 and L1-L3 spinous process deviation(χ 2 was 14.580,11.771,7.484,and P values were <0.001,0.001,0.006 respectively),but no significant difference between L5 and L4 spinous process(χ 2 =3.124,P=0.077).A total of 30 patients had spondylolisthesis,accounting for 18.29%.L5 was the most common of spondylolisthesis,with an occurrence rate of 8.54%.L4 was the second,with an occurrence rate of 7.93%.There was no significant difference in spondylolisthesis rate between L4 and L5(χ 2 =0.040,P=0.841).The spondylolisthesis rates of L4 and L5 were significantly different from those of L1,L2 and L3(L5 and L1,L2,L3:χ 2 was 14.580,11.771,7.484,and P values was <0.001,0.001,0.006 respectively;L4 and L1,L2,L3:χ 2 was 13.495,10.712,6.550,P values were <0.001,0.001,0.010 respectively).Conclusions Lumbar scoliosis is more common in patients with CNLBP,and L4 is the main lower apical vertebra of lumbar scoliosis.Patients with CNLBP often have spinous process deviation,and the most common is L5 spinous process deviation,followed by L4.L5 and L4 are the most common vertebrae with spondylolisthesis in patients with CNLBP.The soft injury and joint degeneration or disorder related to L5 and L4 should be paid more attention in the treatment of patients with CNLBP.
目的 研究海艾汤加减熏洗联合梅花针叩刺治疗斑秃的疗效,为治疗斑秃提供依据。方法 选择2022年7月—2023年7月大理州中医医院收治的87例斑秃患者。根据患者就诊前后顺序分成对照组42例与观察组45例,前组采取海艾汤加减熏洗治疗,后组采用海艾汤加减熏洗联合梅花针叩刺治疗。比较两组临床疗效、治疗前后毛囊内因子转录表达、毛发相关指标、生活质量的影响。结果 观察组治疗有效率为95.55%(43/45),对照组治疗有效率为76.19%(32/42);与对照组治疗有效率相比,观察组治疗有效率更高(P<0.05)。与同组治疗前毛囊中维生素受体、胰岛素样生长因子I受体、增糖皮激素受体水平相比,两组治疗后更高(P<0.05);与对照组治疗后毛囊中维生素受体、胰岛素样生长因子I受体、增糖皮激素受体水平相比,观察组更高(P<0.05)。与同组治疗前毛发密度、毛囊密度、斑秃面积相比,两组治疗后更优(P<0.05);与对照组治疗后毛发密度、毛囊密度、斑秃面积相比,观察组更优(P<0.05)。与同组治疗前皮肤生活质量量表指数(DLQI)评分相比,两组治疗后更低(P<0.05);与对照组治疗后DLQI评分相比,观察组更低(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论 海艾汤加减熏洗联合梅花针叩刺能够提高斑秃患者的临床疗效,其能够调节患者毛囊内因子转录表达,改善毛发密度、毛囊密度,缩小斑秃面积,不良反应较低,有助于预后质量的提升。
目的 评价血塞通联合右美托咪定对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的脑保护效果。方法 选择老龄雄性Wistar大鼠50只,随机分为假手术(C)组、脑缺血再灌注(R)组、血塞通(P)组、右美托咪定(D)组,血塞通联合右美托咪定(PD)组,每组各10只。根据组别给予不同药物,行神经行为学测试;于第3、7天,测量脑梗死面积、脑水含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-PX)活性测定。结果 给药后第3、5、7天,与P、D组相比,PD组神经行为学评分改善更加显著(P<0.001);给药后第3、7天,与P组相比,PD组脑梗死面积、脑水含量均降低(P=0.01,P=0.002),SOD、GSH-PX活性升高显著(P=0.03,P=0.001);与D组相比,PD组脑梗死面积、脑水含量也显著降低(P<0.01,P=0.008);SOD、GSH-PX活性升高显著(P=0.009,P<0.001)。结论 血塞通联合右美托咪定较单独应用药物,能显著减轻缺血再灌注损伤造成的脑损害,具有脑保护作用。
Objective To explore the effects of Xuesaitong combined with dexmedetomidine on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in elderly rats.Methods Fifty elderly male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation(C)group,cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(R)group,Xuesaitong(P)group,dexmedetomidine(D)group,Xuesaitong combined with dexmedetomidine(PD)group.Xuesaitong was given in group P,dexmedetomidine was given in group D,and normal saline was given in group C and group R,continuously for 7 days.After 3- and 7-day treatment,the brain of rats was dissected out to assay the area of cerebral infarction,degree of cerebral edema,superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) activity.Results When compared PD group with P and D group,neurobehavioral score was lower at 3,5,7 day(P<0.001);area of cerebral infarction,degree of cerebral edema were less(P=0.01,P=0.002),activity of SOD and GSH-PX were higher at 3,7 days(P=0.03,P=0.001)respectively.When compared PD group with D group,area of cerebral infarction,degree of cerebral edema were less(P<0.01,P=0.008),activity of SOD and GSH-PX were higher at 3,7 days(P=0.009,P<0.001)respectively.Conclusions The combination of Xuesaitong and dexmedetomidine can obviously reduce the damage by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in elderly rats and has brain protective effects.