目的 研究SOCS6/STAT6通路在前列腺细胞炎性增殖作用中的调控作用。方法 使用人前列腺细胞株RWPE-1建立炎症模型，将细胞分为对照（CON）组和炎症刺激（INF）组，后者通过添加脂多糖（LPS）模拟炎症环境。采用ELISA检测白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）-1β、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）表达水平，蛋白免疫印迹法检测细胞因子信号抑制物-6（SOCS6）、信号转导和转录激活因子-6（STAT6）及磷酸化STAT6蛋白的表达水平。结果 经过LPS处理后，RWPE-1细胞中的SOCS6蛋白表达水平显著下降（P＜0.01），而磷酸化STAT6表达水平上升（P＜0.01）。结论 SOCS6/STAT6通路可能通过调节炎症环境下STAT6的磷酸化水平，参与调节前列腺细胞的炎性增殖作用。
Objective To explore the regulatory role of SOCS6/STAT6 pathway in the inflammatory proliferation ofprostate cells．Methods The human prostate cell line RWPE-1 was used to establish an inflammation model．Cells were divided into a control（CON）group and an inflammation-stimulated（INF）group，with the latter subjected to lipopolysaccharide（LPS）treatment to simulate an inflammatory environment．The expression levels of interleukin（IL）-1β、IL-6 and IL-8 were detected by ELISA，and the expression levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling 6（SOCS6），signal transducer and activator oftranscription-6，（STAT6），and phosphorylated STAT6 proteins were detected by Western blot．Results The results showed that after LPS treatment，the expression of SOCS6 protein in RWPE-1 cells significantly decreased，while the expression of phosphorylated STAT6 increased．Conclusions The SOCS6/STAT6 pathway may be involved in regulating the inflammatory proliferation of prostate cells by modulating the phosphorylation level of STAT6 under inflammatory conditions．
目的 探讨中医药治疗小儿腺样体肥大（AH）的研究现状、研究热点及趋势，为本领域研究者提供借鉴。方法 检索中国知网（CNKI）数据库从2005年1月1日至2024年1月31日中医药治疗小儿腺样体肥大的相关文献。运用Excel 2019分析其发文量，运用CiteSpace 6.2.R6软件分析其作者、机构、关键词。结果 共纳入文献395篇，年发文量整体呈现波动上升的趋势；发文量最多的作者为姜之炎；发文量最多的研究机构为山东中医药大学。初步形成了以姜之炎、俞景茂、阎兆君为核心的研究团队；研究机构以中医类院校及其附属医院为主。高频关键词提示当前研究热点前三位为中医药治疗方法、临床疗效。结论 AH领域研究内容主要以内治法、外治法、作用机制为主；研究热点逐渐从临床研究转向作用机制等实验研究；应用“数据挖掘”“网络药理学”等计算机技术研究AH会成为趋势。
Objective To explore the research status，research hotspots，and trends of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy in children，to provide a reference for researchers in this field．Methods The relevant literature on the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy in children with traditional Chinese medicine was searched in the CNKI database from January 1，2005，to January 31，2024．Excel 2019 was applied to analyze the number of published papers，and CiteSpace 6.2.R6 software was applied to analyze its authors，institutions，and keywords．Results A total of 395 papers were included，and the annual number of papers showed a fluctuating upward trend．The author with the largest number of papers was JIANG Zhiyan．Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was the research institution with the largest number of papers．The core research teams including JIANG Zhiyan，YU Jingmao，and YAN Zhaojun were initially formed．The research institutions were mainly Chinese medicine colleges and their affiliated hospitals．High-frequency keywords suggest that the current top three research hotspots were traditional Chinese medicine treatment methods，clinical efficacy．Conclusions The research content in this field is mainly based on internal treatment，external treatment，and mechanism．The focus has gradually shifted from clinical research to experimental research such as mechanism．The application of computer technologies such as “data mining” and “network pharmacology” for this disease will become a trend．
肿瘤治疗仍然是生物医学研究的一个突出领域。围绕各种化学治疗（化疗）药物和其他治疗药物的不良反应和靶向疗效的研究推动了各种药物载体的发展。这些载体聚焦于提高肿瘤部位的药物浓度，最大限度地减少全身不良反应，并改善治疗效果。在已报道的递送系统中，可注射水凝胶由于其微创的药物递送特性，已成为化疗药物体内递送的重要载体形式。文章系统地总结了可注射水凝胶的类型和特征，并进一步概括了可注射水凝胶装载药物的方式，同时深入讨论可注射水凝胶在治疗肿瘤的各种药物的递送应用。文章对原位注射水凝胶在治疗肿瘤方面存在的潜在性挑战和可能的解决方案提供了动态前瞻性的参考。可注射的水凝胶作为药物传递系统用于肿瘤治疗具有良好的发展前景。
Tumor treatment remains a prominent area of biomedical research．The researches surrounding the adversereactions and targeted efficacy of various chemotherapy drugs and other therapeutic drugs have driven the development of various drug carriers．These carriers focus on increasing drug concentration at tumor site，minimizing systemic adverse reactions，and improving treatment outcomes．In the reported delivery systems，injectable hydrogels have become an important carrier for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs in vivo due to their minimally invasive characteristics．This review systematically summarized the types and characteristics of injectable hydrogels，and further summarized their drug loading methods．At the same time，the application of injectable hydrogels in the delivery of various drugs for tumor treatment was discussed in depth．This review provides dynamic and prospective reference for the potential challenges and possible solutions of the in situ injectable hydrogels for tumor therapy．Injectable hydrogels as drug delivery systems are with good prospects for tumor treatment．
胃食管反流病是一种以烧心和反流为主要症状的胃食管动力障碍性疾病，现有的常规治疗存在药物依赖，手术风险高且易复发等局限性，而经皮电刺激作为一种新兴疗法，在治疗动力障碍性疾病时具有非侵入性、可逆性及调节生理功能的优势。因此本研究为了探讨经皮电刺激治疗胃食管反流病的进展，现从胃食管反流病的神经调控生理、不同经皮电刺激对治疗胃食管反流病的研究以及应用效果等方面进行综述，以期为胃食管反流病提供新的诊断思路和方法。
In order to discuss the progress of transcutaneous electrical stimulation for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease（GERD），the physiology of neuromodulation of GERD，the research on different transcutaneous electrical stimulation for the treatment of GERD，and the application effect were reviewed，with the aim of providing new diagnostic ideas and methods for GERD．
先天性血管瘤（CH）是一种较为罕见的良性血管肿瘤，出生前瘤体已经存在，按照出生后瘤体的生长特征可分为4类：不消退型CH、部分消退型CH、快速消退型CH以及迟发性扩张型CH。不同类型的CH其临床特征及治疗方式不同。结合近年CH的研究进展报道，文章对CH的发病机制、临床特征、诊断及治疗着重进行综述，以期更好地为临床诊治提供指导。
Congenital hemangioma（CH）is a relatively rare benign vascular tumor that is present before birth．Based on the growth characteristics of CH after birth，CH can be classified into four types：non-involuting congenital hemangioma，partially involuting congenital hemangioma，rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma，and delayed expanding congenital hemangioma．Different types of CH exhibit distinct clinical features and require different treatment approaches．This review focuses on recent research advances in CH，including its pathogenesis，clinical characteristics，diagnosis，and treatment，aiming to provide better guidance for clinical practice．
糖尿病肾病（DN）是指由糖尿病所致的慢性肾脏疾病，是目前我国和全球范围内慢性肾脏疾病和终末期肾脏疾病的首位病因。DN发病率逐年攀升，且预后不良，已成为我国重大的公共卫生问题之一。DN不仅明显降低了患者的生活质量，还增加了心血管疾病的风险。随着对DN发病机制的深入研究，近十余年来在DN治疗手段方面取得了显著进展，包括新型药物的研发、生活方式的干预及各种新兴疗法的探索。本文旨在系统性综述近年来DN领域的重要治疗进展，阐明这些进展在临床应用中的有效性和适用性，并展望未来的研究方向，以期为临床实践提供参考和指导。
Diabetic nephropathy（DN）is a form of chronic kidney disease（CKD）induced by diabetes．Diabetic nephropathy represents the leading cause of CKD and end-stage renal disease both in China and globally．The incidence of DN has been steadily increasing and its prognosis remains unfavorable．Diabetic nephropathy has become a major public health concern．Diabetic nephropathy not only significantly affects patients’ quality of life but also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases．Recent advancements in our understanding of the pathogenesis of DN have facilitated significant progress in treatment options over the past decade．These developments include the introduction of novel pharmacological agents，the implementation of lifestyle modifications，and the exploration of various emerging therapeutic approaches．This review aims to systematically expound the significant therapeutic advancements in the field of DN in recent years，evaluate the efficacy and applicability of these advancements in clinical practice，and explore potential future research directions，thereby providing valuable insights andguidance for clinical practice．
目的 通过分析广州某三甲医院临床试验用药品规范管理体系构建前后试验用药品超温次数及质控发现缺陷项数量变化情况，为药物临床试验规范开展提供参考。方法 结合某医院临床试验用药品管理实践，以试验用药品超温次数、质控发现缺陷项数量占项目比为评价指标，使用卡方检验进行比较。结果 某医院实施临床试验用药品规范管理体系后，发生试验用药品超温次数由实施前的9次下降至3次，呈明显下降趋势，2018—2020年试验用药品管理方面质控发现缺陷项数量占项目比为70.25%，2021—2023年占项目比为18.90%，实施前后组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。结论 构建临床试验用药品规范管理体系，可以减少试验用药品超温次数和试验用药品管理方面质控发现缺陷项数量，从而保证药物临床试验的质量。
Objective To analyze the changes in the number of excessive temperature incidents and the proportion of quality control issues in drug management before and after the establishment of construction and practice of standardized management system in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou，to provide a reference for drug clinical trials standard development．Methods Based on the management practice of investigational medicinal products from a hospital，the number of excessive temperature incidents and the proportion of quality control issues in drug management were taken as evaluation index and compared using chi-square tests．Results After implementing the standardized management system for investigational drugs，the number of temperature exceeding incidents decreased from 9 times to 3 times，showing an obvious decreasing trend，and from 2018 to 2020，the proportion of quality control issues in drug management accounted for 70.25%，while from 2021 to 2023，it accounted for 18.90%．There was a statistically significant difference between the groups before and after the implementation（P＜0.001）．Conclusions The establishment of standardized management system for investigational medicinal products can reduce the number of excessive temperature incidents and the proportion of quality control issues in drug management，and ensure the quality of drug clinical trials．
随着信息技术发展，传统报账模式难以满足现代医院精细化管理与内部控制要求，公立医院报账现状存在财务定位不准确、重核算轻管理，顶层规划不足、信息孤岛现象严重，内部控制不完善、运营风险高，核算效率不高、职工满意度低等诸多问题。如何有效应对传统报账弊端，推动医院管理模式转变并实现高质量发展是公立医院面临的课题。公立医院智慧报账体系建设需重视顶层设计，基于内部控制要求结合智慧化手段优化流程，以达成提升财务战略地位、系统互通、效率提升、提高职工满意度和内控风险可控的目标，案例医院的智慧报账系统建设实践可为其他医院提供参考借鉴。
As information technology advances，traditional accounting models are increasingly inadequate for the refined management and internal control needs of modern hospitals．Public hospitals encounter several challengesincluding inaccurate financial positioning，an emphasis on accounting over management，insufficient top-level planning，seriousinformation silos，weak internal controls，high operational risks，low accounting efficiency，and low employee satisfaction．Effectivelyaddressingthe shortcomings of traditional accounting practices and transforming hospital management models for high-quality development isa pressing challenge．The development of an intelligent accounting system in public hospitals should prioritize top-level design，optimize processes in line with internal control requirements，and integrate intelligent technologies．This approach aims to enhancethe strategic role of finance，improve system interoperability，increase efficiency，boost employee satisfaction，and ensuremanageable internal control risks．The practical implementation of the intelligent accounting system in the case hospital can providevaluable insights for other hospitals．
目的 分析达格列净联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗射血分数降低的心力衰竭（HFrEF）效果。方法 连续抽取2021年1月—2023年6月在广州市第一人民医院心内科住院的射血分数降低的心力衰竭（HFrEF）患者203例，随访至少6个月，按照接受的治疗进行分组。对照组予常规治疗和沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗；观察组予常规治疗、沙库巴曲缬沙坦和达格列净治疗；对比两组疗效，观察指标包括住院时间，入院及出院后6个月的心功能状态（NYHA纽约心脏病协会心功能分级）、心脏超声指标左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室舒张末内径（LVEDD）、左室收缩末内径（LVSDD）、血液指标-端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP N）、糖化血红蛋白（HBA1c）、血肌酐（Cr）、6个月时的再住院率及全因死亡率。结果 观察组心脏监护病房（CCU）停留时间（2.54±1.26）d，短于对照组的（3.73±1.21）d；观察组6个月时观察组心功能NYHA改善≥2级比例为95.05%高于对照组的86.27%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组6个月时的LVEDD、LVESD水平分别为（48.22±7.35）（34.61±4.32）mm，低于对照组的（51.47±8.02）（43.07±5.33）mm，LVEF为（51.49±5.40）%，高于对照组的（46.18±4.21）%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；6个月时观察组的NT-proBNP为（415.58±31.57）pg/mL，低于对照组的（520.23±385.56）pg/mL，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；两组的住院时间、血清肌酐（Cr）、HBA1c、6个月时的再住院率、全因病死率对比，差异不显著（P＞0.05）。观察组HBA1c值为（6.04±0.66）mmol/L，高于对照组的（5.20±0.56）mmol/L（P＜0.05）。结论 HFrEF患者采取达格列净+沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗，可通过协同作用，缩短CCU停留时间，改善患者6个月时的心功能状态，降低NT-proBNP值，减少心脏扩大趋势，提高LVEF水平。
Objective To analyze the efficacy of dapagliflozin combined with sacubitril/valsartan in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction（HFrEF）．Methods A total of 203 patients with HFrEF who were hospitalized in the cardiology department of the hospital between January 2021 and June 2023 were enrolled and followed up for at least six months．Patients were divided into groups based on their treatment regimens：the control group received conventional treatment plus sacubitril/valsartan，while the observation group received conventional treatment plus sacubitril/valsartan and dapagliflozin．The two groups were compared for clinical outcomes，including length of hospital stay，cardiac function（NYHA classification）at admission and six months after discharge，echocardiographic indicators（LVEF，LVEDD，LVESD），blood indicators（NT-proBNP，HbA1c，creatinine），six-month rehospitalization rate，and all-cause mortality．Results The observation group had a shorter CCU stay（2.54±1.26 days）compared to the control group（3.73±1.21 days）．At sixth month，the proportion of patients in the observation group with an NYHA improvement ≥2 grades（95.05%）was significantly higher than that in the control group（86.27%）（P＜0.05）．The observation group demonstrated lower LVEDD（48.22±7.35 mm）and LVESD（34.61±4.32 mm）levels and higher LVEF（51.49±5.40%）compared to the control group（LVEDD：［51.47±8.02］ mm，LVESD：［43.07±5.33］mm，LVEF：［46.18±4.21］%）（P＜0.05）．NT-proBNP levels in the observation group（［415.58±31.57］ pg/mL）were significantly lower than those in the control group（［520.23±385.56］ pg/ml）（P＜0.05）．There were no significant differences between the two groups in length of total hospital stay，serum creatinine，HbA1c，six-month rehospitalization rate，or all-cause mortality（P＞0.05）．However，HbA1c levels in the observation group（［6.04±0.66］ mmol/L）were higher than those in the control group（［5.20±0.56］ mmol/L）（P＜0.05）．Conclusions The combination of dapagliflozin and sacubitril/valsartan in the treatment of HFrEF patients can exert a synergistic effect，shorten CCU stay，improve cardiac function at sixth month，reduce NT-proBNP levels，mitigate cardiac dilation，and increase LVEF．
目的 观察急性期脑卒中患者早期针刺结合康复训练的临床疗效。方法 采用单盲、分层、区组随机设计分组，随机分成针康组与康复组。针康组35例，康复组35例，按5 d为一个疗程，共4个疗程。采用Fug-Meyer运动功能评分法（FMA）、巴氏指数（BI）、脑卒中专用生活质量量表（SS-QOL）对治疗前及治疗后4周末、出院后8周末及随访期3个月、6个月末的死亡率、残疾率、复发率评估，比较两组的疗效。结果 两组基线比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。组间比较：4周末 FMA、BI评分两组相比差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05），8周末则具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。SS-QOL评分在第4周末和第8周末相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。随访3个月、6个月末的死亡率、致残率和复发率差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。组间多重比较，两组4、8周末 FMA、 BI和SS-QOL评分较治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。针刺康复组8周末疗效优于4周末（P＜0.01），康复组8周末与4周末相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。针刺康复组4、8周末SS-QOL评分显著高于治疗前（P＜0.01），8周末与4周末相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），康复组各时间点SS-QOL评分两两比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论 对急性脑卒中患者进行早期针刺结合康复训练，可明显改善其肢体运动功能和日常生活活动能力。
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of early acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training in acute-phase stroke patients．Methods Single-blind，stratified，zone group randomized design grouping was adopted，and randomly divided into acupuncture rehabilitation group and rehabilitation group．There were 35 cases in the acupuncture rehabilitation group and 35 cases in the rehabilitation group，received 4 courses，5 days in each course．Fugl-Meyer Assessment（FMA），Barthel Index（BI），Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale（SS-QOL） scores and mortality，disability and recurrence rates at the end of 3 and 6 months of follow-up were used to compare the efficacy of the two groups．Results Comparing the basic conditions of the two groups，the difference was not significant（P＞0.05）．Comparison between groups：differences FMA and BI scores between two groups at the end of 4 weekends were not significant（P＞0.05），while differences were significant（P＜0.01）at the end of 8 weekends．SS-QOL scores at the end of 4 weekends and the end of 8 weekends were not significant different between two groups（P＞0.05）．Mortality，disability and recurrence rates at the end of 3 and 6 months of follow-up were not significantly different（P＞0.05）．Multiple comparisons between groups：there were significant differences in FMA，BI and SS-QOL scores at the end of 4 and 8 weeks between the two groups compared with the pre-treatment period（P＜0.01）．The efficacy of the acupuncture rehabilitation group at the end of 8 weekends was significantly better than that at the end of 4 weekends（P＜0.01），and there was no statistically significant difference between the rehabilitation group at the end of 8 weekends and that at the end of 4 weekends（P＞0.05）．The SS-QOL scores at the end of 4 and 8 weekends in the acupuncture rehabilitation group were significantly higher than those before treatment（P＜0.01），and there was no statistically significant difference at the end of 8 weekends compared with that at the end of 4 weekends（P＞0.05），and there was a statistically significant difference in the two-by-two comparisons of SS-QOL scores at each time point in the rehabilitation group（P＜0.01）．Conclusions Early acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training for acute stroke patients can significantly improve their extremities motor function and daily vitality．
