目的 分析刃针联合关节错缝术治疗第三腰椎横突综合征(TLVTPS)的疗效。方法 采用视觉模拟评分法、Oswestry功能障碍指数评分以及腰部活动度,分析2023年1月至10月于广州市第一人民医院就诊的274例TLVTPS患者。其中,对照组(137例)采用刃针治疗,观察组(137例)采用刃针联合关节错缝术,比较两组疗效。结果 观察组的视觉模拟评分(0.46分)和Oswestry功能障碍指数评分(10.32分)低于对照组(P<0.05);同时,腰部活动差(53.69 cm)高于对照组(P<0.05);此外,痊愈及显效率83.93%(115/137)和总有效率93.42%(128/137)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 刃针联合关节错缝术可有效缓解TLVTPS患者疼痛,改善腰部功能,疗效显著。
Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of blade needle combined with joint misalignment therapy in third lumbar verterbrae transverse process syndrome(TLVTPS).Methods This study retrospectively analyzed 274 TLVTPS patients from January 2023 to October 2023 in Guangzhou First People’s Hospital,using the Visual Analogue Score,Oswestry Disability Index scores,and lumbar range of motion.Among them,the control group(137 patients)were treated with blade needle therapy,while the observation group(137 patients)were treated with blade needle therapy combined with joint misalignment therapy.Results The Visual Analogue Score(0.46)and Oswestry Disability Index scores(10.32)of the observation group were lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the lumbar range of motion(53.69 cm)was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,the recovery and effective rate was 83.93%(115/137)and the total effective rate was 93.42%(128/137),which were higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The combination of blade needle therapy and joint dislocation manipulation alleviate pain effectively,improve lumbar function,and is clinically effective in patients with TLVTPS.
目的 本研究以脑卒中患者为研究对象,通过二代Illumina高通量测序平台对患者的粪便标本进行微生物群落多样性测序。选择物种丰度≥30%的24个门类(Phylum)作为肠道菌群的研究指标,进而研究肠道菌群与脑卒后抑郁(PSD)之间的相关关系。方法 以40位脑卒中患者的24个门类作为特征变量,抑郁组和对照组为二分类目标变量,建立以Logistic回归、随机森林、支持向量机和AdaBoost为基模型的Stacking分类模型。主成分分析方法作为该模型的特征选择方法选择恰当的主成分进行模型训练,通过二分类评价报告(precision、recall、f1-score)、ROC曲线和混淆矩阵等评价指标对其性能进行评价。结果 (1)通过差异性检验分析了两组(抑郁组和对照组)的基线一致(P<0.05);(2)从Stacking模型融合的角度定量分析了影响脑卒中后抑郁情绪的具体肠道菌群。研究结果可知,放线菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门在PSD患者中均增加(P<0.001);厚壁菌门,疣微菌门,绿弯菌门和软壁菌门在PSD患者中降低(P<0.001)。结论 以上菌群是影响脑卒中后抑郁患者情绪的主要影响因素,因此,在临床上通过恰当干预肠道菌群的变化来调节脑卒中后抑郁患者的抑郁水平,这为脑卒中后抑郁情绪的诊断和治疗方案提供科学依据。
Objective In this study,patients with stroke were selected as the research object,and the microbial community diversity of patients’ stool samples was sequenced by the second-generation Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform.Twenty four phylum species with 30% species abundance were selected as indicators for the study of gut microbiota,and then the correlation between gut microbiota and post-stroke depression(PSD) was studied.Methods Taking 24 categories of 40 stroke patients as characteristic variables,depression group and control group as dichotomous target variables,a stacking classification model based on Logistic regression,random forest,support vector machine and AdaBoost was established.As the feature selection method of the model,principal component analysis selects the appropriate principal components for model training,and evaluates its performance through dichotomous evaluation reports(precision,recall,f1 score),ROC curve and confusion matrix.Results The baseline of the two groups(depression group and control group)was consistent(P<0.05)through the difference test.From the perspective of stacking model fusion,the specific intestinal flora affecting post-stroke depression was quantitatively analyzed.The results showed that Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were significantly increased in PSD patients(P<0.001),while Firmicutes,Verrucomicrobia,Chloroflexi and Tenericutes were significantly decreased in PSD patients(P<0.001).Conclusions The above microbiota are the main factors affecting the mood of patients with post-stroke depression.Therefore,in clinical practice,we can adjust the depression level of patients with post-stroke depression by properly intervening the changes of intestinal microbiota,which provides a scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of PSD.
目的 分析原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿在糖皮质激素(激素)治疗后淋巴细胞亚群及免疫因子的水平变化,以探讨PNS耐药机制。方法 选取PNS患儿共71例,正常对照组108例,收集PNS患者在激素治疗前、后及正常对照组儿童的淋巴细胞亚群[CD4+ 、CD8+ 、CD4+ /CD8+ 、CD19+ 和自然杀伤(NK)细胞]及免疫因子水平,并分析激素治疗后激素敏感患儿和激素耐药患儿相关指标的差异。结果 PNS患儿淋巴细胞亚群及免疫因子水平异常,激素治疗后PNS患儿总免疫球蛋白E(IgE)水平[767.50(270.25,1 937.50)IU/mL vs 311.00(62.70,757.00)IU/mL](P=0.008)下降,而CD4+ T细胞比例[(33.88±7.42)% vs(38.25±7.16)%](P=0.004)升高,激素治疗敏感患儿NK细胞比例高于激素治疗耐药患儿[(8.39±4.60)% vs(4.72±1.99)%](P=0.034),IgE水平低于耐药患儿[311.00(62.70,633.00)IU/mL vs783.00(88.05,1 290.00)IU/mL](P<0.001)。结论 PNS患儿淋巴细胞亚群分布及免疫球蛋白水平异常,激素治疗可影响患儿CD4+ T细胞比例及IgE水平,并且NK细胞比例和IgE水平与患儿激素耐药相关。
Objective To evaluate the changes of lymphocyte subsets and immune factors levels in children with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS),and explore the pathogenesis of PNS.Methods A total of 71 patients with PNS and 108 normal control cases were selected.Flow cytometry was used to detect the concentration of lymphocyte subsets(CD4+ ,CD8+ ,CD4+ /CD8+ ,CD19+ and natural killer[NK] cells)and immune factors before and after treatment.The difference of related factors between steroid-sensitive and steroid-resistant children after therapy were analyzed.Results Lymphocyte subsets and immune molecule levels were abnormal in children with NPS.The level of IgE(767.50[270.25,1 937.50]IU/mL vs 311.00[62.70,757.00]IU/mL,P=0.008)was significantly decreased after therapy(P<0.05),while CD4+ T cells([33.88±7.42]% vs[38.25±7.16]%,P=0.004)were significantly increased.The level of NK cells in steroid-sensitive children was significantly higher than that in steroid-resistant children([8.39±4.60]% vs[4.72±1.99]%,P=0.034),while the level of IgE was significantly lower than that of steroid -resistant children(311.00[62.70,633.00]IU/mL vs 783.00[88.05,1 290.00]IU/mL,P<0.001).Conclusions The distribution of lymphocyte subsets and the level of immune factors in PNS children were abnormal.Steroid therapy could affect the levels of CD4+ T cells and IgE,and the levels of NK cells and IgE were related to steroid-resistance in PNS children.
目的 探讨长病程2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者体质指数(BMI)与胰岛β细胞功能间的相关关系。方法 选取2023年12月—2024年3月于承德市中心医院内分泌风湿免疫科住院的260例长病程(病程≥10年)T2DM患者作为研究对象,依据BMI将其分成正常组、超重组和肥胖组,比较三组间一般资料、检验学指标及检查的差异,分析胰岛β细胞功能与各指标间的相关性。结果 三组研究对象在空腹静脉血糖(FPG)、空腹C肽(FCP)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、尿酸(UA)、甘油三酯(TG)等上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肥胖组的FPG、FCP、HOMA-IR、UA、TG均高于正常组(P<0.05),超重组的UA、TG均高于正常组(P<0.05),肥胖组的FPG、HOMA-IR、UA高于超重组(P<0.05),Spearman相关分析结果显示HOMA-β与体质量指数(BMI)无相关性(r=0.046,P=0.461),HOMA-β与UA(r=0.226,P<0.001)、TG(r=0.148,P=0.017)呈正相关,HOMA-IR与BMI(r=0.279,P<0.001)与、UA相关(r=0.284,P<0.001)及TG(r=0.349,P<0.001)呈正相关,多元线性回归分析显示UA是HOMA-β的影响因素(P<0.05),BMI、UA、TG是HOMA-IR的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 长病程的T2DM患者,其胰岛素抵抗水平随着BMI的增加逐渐升高,而胰岛β细胞功能指数与BMI的相关性不显著。同时,UA和TG也是长病程T2DM患者胰岛β细胞功能的影响因素。
Objective To explore the correlation between body mass index(BMI)and islet β cell function in patients with long course type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 260 patients with T2DM with a long course of disease(course≥10 years)admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Rheumatology of Chengde Central Hospital from December 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into normal group,overweight group and obese group according to BMI.Comparison among the three groups in general data,inspection index and and the difference of the islet β cell function were performed,and the correlation among the indexes was analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting C peptide(FCP),homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),uric acid(UA)and triglycerides(TG)among the three groups(P<0.05),but no statistically significant differences in homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function(HOMA-β)(P>0.05).The levels of FPG,FCP,HOMA-IR,UA and TG in the obese group were higher than those in the normal group(P<0.05);the levels of UA and TG in the overweight group were higher than those inthe normal group(P<0.05);the levels of FPG,HOMA-IR and UA in the obese group were higher than those in the overweight group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that HOMA-β was not correlated with BMI(r=0.046,P=0.461),but was positively correlated with UA and TG(r=0.226,P<0.001;r=0.148,P=0.017),HOMA-IR was positively correlated with BMI,UA and TG(r=0.279,P<0.001;r=0.284,P<0.001;r=0.349,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that UA was the influencing factor of HOMA-β(P<0.05),BMI,UA and TG were the influencing factors of HOMA-IR(P<0.05).Conclusions In T2DM patients with long disease course,the level of insulin resistance increased gradually with the increase of BMI,but the correlation between β-cell function index and BMI was not significant.At the same time,UA and TG are also factors affecting the function of islet β cells in patients with long-course T2DM.
目的 明确输血前各抗体的分布特点,探讨自身抗体和同种抗体在性别、年龄、输血史、妊娠史和不同疾病中的差异,并根据抗体血型血清学特性制定个体输血方案,以确保临床输血安全。方法 选取2021年6月—2024年8月在广东省第二人民医院输血科申请输注红细胞或手术备血的29 662例患者,采用低离子抗人球蛋白微柱凝胶法进行不规则抗体筛查,结果阳性的标本经科内讨论并送广州血液中心血型参比实验室进行抗体鉴定,通过统计血液中心回报结果分析各抗体的特异性。结果 29 662例患者标本中不规则抗体结果为阳性的有208例,阳性率为0.70%。同种抗体占比47.69%,Rh、MNS和Lewis红细胞血型系统共占同种抗体中的94.50%,其中常见意外抗体:抗-E占31.87%、抗-M占14.29%、抗-Mur占19.78%、抗-C占7.69%和抗-e占7.69%。同种抗体与自身抗体在性别、年龄、妊娠史等方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在输血史及不同科室疾病等方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 输血前进行输血相容性检测是必要的,应对拟申请红细胞的患者进行不规则抗体筛查,阳性者宜进行抗体鉴定,明确其抗体的特异性及临床意义,以确保临床输血安全。
Objective To clarify the distribution characteristics of each antibody before transfusion,to explore the differences between autoantibodies and homologous antibodies in gender,age,history of blood transfusion,history of pregnancy and different diseases,and to formulate individual transfusion protocols based on the serological characteristics of antibody blood groups to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.Methods A total of 29 662 patients who applied for red blood cell transfusion or surgical blood preparation in the hospital from June 2021 to August 2024 were selected for irregular antibody screening by low-ion anti-human globulin microcolumn gel method.The samples with positive results were discussed within the department and sent to the Blood Type Reference Laboratory of Guangzhou Blood Center for antibody identification.The specificity of each antibody was analyzed by blood center reported results.Results Among 29 662 patients,208 were positive for irregular antibody,the positive rate was 0.70%.The alloantibodies accounted for 47.69%,Rh,MNS and Lewis erythrocyte blood group system accounted for 94.50% of alloantibodies,among which the common unexpected antibodies were anti-E 31.87%,anti-M 14.29%,anti-MUR 19.78%,anti-C 7.69% and anti-E 7.69%.There were no significant differences between alloantibodies and autoantibodies in gender,age and pregnancy history(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in blood transfusion history and diseases in different departments(P<0.05).Conclusions It is necessary to test the compatibility of blood transfusion before transfusion.Screening for irregular antibodies should be carried out in prospective transfusion patients,and antibody identification should be carried out in positive patients to clarify the specificity and clinical significance of their antibodies to ensure the safety of clinical transfusion.
目的 探讨综合康复训练对脑卒中后轻度认知障碍患者的应用效果及认知功能影响。方法 选取2022年2月—2023年2月暨南大学附属广州红十字会医院收治的80例脑卒中后轻度认知障碍患者展开前瞻性研究,应用抽签法将其分为综合康复组与常规组,各40例。常规组实施常规干预,综合康复组在常规组基础上增加综合康复训练,对比其认知功能,简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分变化,运动功能与平衡功能,日常生活能力与生活质量。结果 干预后综合康复组患者洛文斯顿作业疗法认知量表评分注意力为(3.36±0.42)分、思维运动为(17.34±2.31)分、定向力为(13.19±1.24)分,均高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前(P<0.05);干预后综合康复组患者MMSE评分为(25.58±4.12)分高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前,NIHSS评分为(14.53±2.62)分,低于常规组,且两组干预后低于干预前(P<0.05);干预后综合康复组患者Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表评分为(14.51±3.23)分、手臂动作调查测试表评分为(26.86±5.25)分、平衡量表评分为(43.06±5.13)分,高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前(P<0.05);干预后综合康复组患者日常生活活动能力量表评分为(53.02±4.43)分、脑卒中专用生活质量量表评分为(97.11±12.23)分,高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前(P<0.05)。结论 针对脑卒中后轻度认知障碍患者采取综合康复训练可促进患者认知功能恢复,提升患者运动功能及机体平衡功能,改善患者智力水平与神经功能,进一步提升患者日常生活能力与生活质量。
Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation training on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment after stroke.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 80 patients with mild cognitive impairment after stroke,who admitted to the hospital from February 2022 to February 2023.They were divided into a comprehensive rehabilitation group and a control group using a lottery method,with 40 patients in each group.The control group received routine intervention,while the comprehensive rehabilitation group received additional comprehensive rehabilitation training on the basis of the control group.Their cognitive function,Mini Mental State Examination Scale(MMSE),National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale in the United States(NIHSS)score changes,motor function and balance function,daily living ability and quality of life were compared.Results After intervention,the Lowenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Scale scores of attention(3.36±0.42),thinking and motor(17.34±2.31),and orientation(13.19±1.24)in the comprehensive rehabilitation group were higher than those in the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention than before(P<0.05).After intervention,the MMSE score(25.58±4.12)of patients in the comprehensive rehabilitation group was higher than that of the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention compared to those before intervention.The NIHSS score(14.53±2.62)was lower than that of the control group,and both groups had lower scores after intervention compared to those before intervention(P<0.05).After intervention,the Fugl Meyer Assessment score(14.51±3.23),Arm Movement Survey Test Form score(26.86±5.25),and Balance Scale score(43.06±5.13)in the comprehensive rehabilitation group were higher than those in the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention than before(P<0.05).After intervention,the Basic Activity of Daily Living score(53.02±4.43)and stroke specific quality of life score(97.11±12.23)in the comprehensive rehabilitation group were higher than those in the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention than before(P<0.05).Conclusions Comprehensive rehabilitation training for patients with mild cognitive impairment after stroke can promote cognitive function recovery,improve motor function and balance function,enhance intelligence and neurological function,and further improve daily living ability and quality of life.
目的 分析拔除导致邻牙牙根外吸收(ERR)的埋伏阻生第三磨牙后ERR患牙的预后情况及影响因素。方法 对32例埋伏阻生第三磨牙挤压致ERR的患牙,在拔除阻生第三磨牙后,通过临床症状、电活力测试观察第二磨牙牙髓的预后,根据其预后不同,分为保髓成功组及保髓失败组,比较两组的基本信息(年龄、性别)、患牙部位、牙根吸收类型,分析影响ERR患牙预后的相关因素。结果 下颌ERR患牙保髓成功率(91.67%)高于上颌ERR患牙(62.50%)(P=0.085),牙根吸收未及髓腔的患牙保髓成功率(100%)高于牙根吸收及髓腔的患牙(70.59%)(P=0.046),两组间的基本信息比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 当患牙牙根吸收未及牙髓时或患牙位于下颌时,拔除埋伏第三磨牙后ERR患牙预后相对良好,故应尽早拔除已导致ERR发生的埋伏阻生第三磨牙。
Objective To analyze the prognosis and influencing factors of external root resorption(ERR)of adjacent teeth after the removal of impacted third molar that caused ERR.Methods Thirty-two cases of impacted third molars with external root resorption caused by compression were treated.After the extraction of the impacted third molars,the prognosis of the pulp of the second molars was observed through clinical symptoms and electrical activity tests.According to their different prognoses,they were divided into a successful pulp preservation group and a failed pulp preservation group.The basic information(age,gender),affected tooth location,and root resorption type of the two groups were compared,and the relevant factors affecting the prognosis of ERR patients were analyzed.Results The success rate of pulp preservation for mandibular ERR patients(91.67%)was higher than that for maxillary ERR patients(62.50%)(P=0.085),and the success rate of pulp preservation for ERR not involving pulp cavity(100%)was higher than that for ERR involving pulp cavity(70.59%)(P=0.046).There was no significant difference in basic information between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions When the root resorption of the affected tooth does not reach the pulp or when the affected tooth is located in the lower jaw,the prognosis of the affected tooth after the impacted third molar removed is good.Therefore,the impacted third molar should be removed as soon as possible to prevent ERR from occurring.
目的 探讨单次根管疏通填充对牙体牙髓病患者的填充效果及龈沟液炎症指标的影响。方法 选择2023年8月—2024年2月天津市人民医院接收的牙体牙髓病患者84例进行研究,采用随机数字表法分为两组,各42例。对照组采取多次根管疏通填充,观察组采取单次根管疏通填充,比较2组填充效果、治疗效果、龈沟液炎症指标、口腔健康和功能指标、并发症情况。结果 观察组欠填、恰填、超填比例与对照组比较无统计学意义(χ 2 分别为0.262、1.615、0.512,P分别为0.608、0.203、0.474)。观察组的总有效率为97.62%,高于对照组80.95%(χ 2 =6.098,P=0.014)。治疗后,观察组龈沟液白细胞介素IL-1β、IL-17A、IL-35、肿瘤坏死因子-α水平低于对照组(t分别为3.271、3.028、2.699、2.968,P分别为0.002、0.003、0.008、0.004)。治疗后,观察组龈沟出血指数、牙龈指数低于对照组,咬合力、咀嚼效率高于对照组(t分别为2.311、2.686、2.262、2.776,P分别为0.023、0.009、0.026、0.007)。观察组并发症发生率4.76%低于对照组21.43%(χ 2 =5.126,P=0.024)。结论 牙体牙髓病采取单次根管疏通填充治疗可保证恰当的填充效果,取得良好的治疗效果,而且减轻龈沟液炎症反应,促进口腔健康和功能改善,并发症较少,安全性高,值得推广。
Objective To explore the effects of one-time root canal dredging and filling on the filling effect and gingival crevicular fluid inflammation indexes in patients with endodontic disease.Methods A total of 84 cases of endodontic patients admitted to the Tianjin People’s Hospital from August 2023 to February 2024 were chosen and separated into the control group(n=42,multiple-time root canal dredging and filling)and the observation group(n=42,one-time root canal dredging and filling)by random number table method.The filling effect,therapeutic effect,gingival creval fluid inflammation indicators,oral health and function indicators,and complications were compared.Results The underfilling,accurate filling and overfilling showed no significant difference between the two groups(χ 2 =0.262,1.615,0.512,P=0.608,0.203,0.474).The total effective rate of observation group was 97.62%,higher than that of control group 80.95%(χ 2 =6.098,P=0.014).After treatment,levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-17A,IL-35 and tumor necrosis factor-α in gingival crevicular fluid of observation group were lower(t=3.271、3.028、2.699、2.968,P=0.002、0.003、0.008、0.004).After treatment,the sulcus bleeding index and gingival index of the observation group were lower,and the biting force and mastication efficiency were higher(t=2.311、2.686、2.262、2.776,P=0.023、0.009、0.026、0.007).The complication rate in the observation group was 4.76%,lower than that in the control group 21.43%(χ 2 =5.126,P=0.024).Conclusions A one-time root canal dredging and filling treatment for endodontic diseases can ensure proper filling effect,achieve good therapeutic effect,reduce gingival crevicular fluid inflammation,promote oral health and function improvement,with fewer complications,high safety,which is worthy of promotion.
目的 血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与慢性肾脏病(CKD)的进展相关,但中年人群的非线性关联研究较少,本研究旨在寻找慢性肾脏病危险因素。方法 本研究基于NHANES 1996—2006年数据,纳入5 361例45~65岁参与者,以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)<60 mL/(min·1.73 m2 )和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(uACR)≥30 mg/g评估肾功能下降。结果 通过逻辑回归及平滑曲线拟合分析发现,Hcy每升高1 µmol/L,eGFR降低的风险增加8%(OR=1.08,95%CI:1.06~1.10),uACR升高的风险增加2%(OR=1.02,95%CI:1.00~1.04)。非线性分析显示,Hcy对eGFR的阈值效应拐点为13.4 µmol/L(拐点左侧OR=1.59,95%CI:1.49~1.70;右侧无显著关联)。亚组分析表明,性别、高血压、糖尿病等协变量无交互作用,然而,在敏感性分析中,糖尿病患者中Hcy与eGFR降低的关联更强(交互P=0.015 8)。结论 本研究提示,控制Hcy水平或可延缓美国中年人群(尤其是糖尿病患者)的肾功能衰退。
Objective Elevated serum homocysteine(Hcy)levels are linked to chronic kidney disease(CKD)progression,yet the nonlinear relationship in middle-aged populations remains underexplored.Methods This study analyzed data from 5 361 participants aged 45–65 years in the NHANES 1996–2006 cohort.Renal dysfunction was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)<60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(uACR)≥30 mg/g.Results Logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting revealed that each 1 µmol/L increase in Hcy elevated the risk of reduced eGFR by 8%(OR=1.08,95% CI:1.06–1.10)and uACR by 2%(OR=1.02,95% CI:1.00–1.04).A nonlinear threshold effect was identified at 13.4 µmol/L,with a stronger association below this threshold(OR=1.59,95% CI:1.49–1.70)and no significant effect above it.Subgroup analyses showed no interactions with gender or hypertension,but a stronger Hcy-eGFR association was observed in diabetics(interaction P=0.0158).Conclusions These findings suggest that controlling Hcy levels may mitigate renal decline,particularly in diabetic populations,warranting further causal investigations.