当前公立医院面临的内外部环境十分复杂,各种不确定因素影响公立医院健康运营。引入内部控制理念,建立健全采购与付款环节是必要的。文章对目前公立医院采购与付款业务管理中存在的问题进行分析,从改善内部环境建设、建立起有效的风险评估体系、加强采购与付款业务控制活动、巩固监督检查体系、加强信息沟通建设五个方面提出相应策略,优化公立医院采购与付款环节内部控制,从而减少风险带来的不确定性,保障医院运行的效率效益,助力医院高质量持续发展。
Public hospitals are currently navigating a complex internal and external environment,where various uncertainties can impact their effective operation.The introduction of internal control concepts and the establishment of robust procurement and payment processes are essential.This paper analyzes the issues present in the management of procurement and payment operations within public hospitals.It proposes strategies across five key areas:enhancing the internal environment,establishing an effective risk assessment framework,strengthening control activities in procurement and payment processes,reinforcing the supervision and inspection system,and improving information communication.These strategies aim to optimize internal controls,reduce uncertainty associated with risks,ensure operational efficiency,and support the sustainable,high-quality development of public hospitals.
目的 分析广州市中医优势病种按病种分值付费政策实施效果,以期为完善广州市中医病种付费方式改革提供参考思路。方法 以广州市某三甲中医医院住院患者在政策实施前(n=6 057)及实施后(n=7 208)住院病历为研究样本,对医院次均住院医疗费用、中医综合治疗费占比、平均住院日进行两独立样本非参数检验等描述性统计分析。结果 政策实施后,住院人次增长19%,患者次均住院医疗费用下降7.02%(P<0.001),中医综合治疗费用占比提升0.8%(P>0.05),医疗机构平均住院日缩短0.63 d(P<0.001),入组中医优势病种患者自费率较非入组的低,医疗机构总体病例组合指数下降,中医优势病种结算有盈余。结论 中医优势病种按病种分值付费政策有利于医保-患者-医院三方共赢;但中医优势病种入组率有待提高,建议加大对中医医疗机构的支持与助力;中医综合治疗费用占比提升不显著,建议完善中医治疗项目医疗服务价格动态调整机制;中医优势病种仅局限在住院,建议实现诊疗单元全覆盖。
Objective To discuss the correlation analysis of the hospitalization expenses of TCM dominant diseases under the DIP payment mode,and provide a reference for further promoting the reform of the payment mode of TCM dominant diseases in Guangzhou.Methods The nonparametric test was used to analyze the number of inpatients,the average hospitalization cost,and the proportion of TCM comprehensive treatment on the data of inpatient records before and after the implementation of the TCM dominant diseases policy,the sample sizes were 6 057 and 7 028 respectively.Results After the implementation of the TCM dominant diseases policy,there was a slight fluctuation in the number of inpatients from 6 057 to 7 208,the average hospitalization cost was decreased by 7.02%(P<0.001),the proportion of TCM comprehensive treatment costs had an increase of 0.8%(P>0.05),the average length of hospital stay was shorten by 0.63 days(P<0.001),the self-expense rate of the patients with the TCM dominant diseases of in the group was lower than that of the patients without the group,the total case mix index value of the hospital decreased,but there was a surplus on the group of TCM dominant diseases settlement.Conclusios The policy is conducive to the tripartite win-win of medical insurance,patients and hospitals.However,the enrollment rate of TCM dominant diseases need to be improved,which is suggested to increase the support for TCM hospitals.The proportion of TCM comprehensive treatment has not increased significantly,so it is suggested to improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of medical service price of TCM treatment items.The TCM dominant diseases are only limited to hospitalization,and it is recommended to achieve full coverage of diagnosis and treatment units.
目的 通过横断面研究,统计郑州地区创伤骨科护理人员的人文关怀能力,分析影响其能力的相关因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取郑州地区医院150位创伤骨科护理人员作为调查对象。使用一般资料调查表、人文关怀能力量表对研究对象进行调查,分析郑州地区医院创伤骨科护理人员人文关怀能力。结果 共发放150份问卷,有效回收率100%。人文关怀能力量表总分为(191.22±16.15)分,三个维度均分由高到低分别为耐心(5.21±0.37)分、勇气(4.62±0.75)分、认知(4.19±0.24)。护士的人文关怀能力在年龄、工作年限、职称、用工性质、工作满意度等方面比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 本研究所在地区护理人员人文关怀能力处于中等水平,但与西方国家相比,仍有较大差距,因此在今后的临床护理培训中,应制定针对性的提高策略。
Objective To study the level of humanistic care ability among trauma orthopedic nurses in Zhengzhou and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling to select 150 trauma orthopedic nurses from hospitals in Zhengzhou.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire and the Humanistic Care Ability Scale.Results A total of 150 valid questionnaires were collected,with a response rate of 100%.The total score of the Humanistic Care Ability Scale was(191.22±16.15),with the dimensions scores ranked as patienc(5.21±0.37),courage(4.62±0.75)and cognition(4.19±0.24).Significant differences in humanistic care ability were observed in terms of age,work experience,professional title,employment type,and job satisfaction(P<0.05).Conclusions The humanistic care ability of trauma orthopedic nurses in Zhengzhou is at a moderate level,but there is still a gap compared to Western countries.Targeted training strategies and improving job satisfaction are recommended.
目的 分析护生死亡态度的潜在类别及其影响因素,为开设符合我国国情的死亡教育课程提供参考。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取唐山市高校护生为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、死亡态度描绘量表进行调查,基于潜在剖面分析护生死亡态度的类别及不同类别的影响因素。结果 共发放问卷520份,回收问卷516份,回收率为99.23%,剔除无效问卷11份,有效回收率为97.87%。护生死亡态度描绘量表得分为(96.91±13.20)分,经过剖面分析可划分为死亡态度积极-自然接受型(63.60%)和死亡态度消极-恐惧死亡型(36.40%)2个潜在类别。Logistic回归分析结果显示,陪伴临终亲友、未接触过死亡相关场所、半年内有亲友离世的护生属于死亡态度消极-恐惧死亡型的概率较大,自身性格偏外向、研究生学历的护生属于死亡态度积极-自然接受型的概率较大(均P<0.05)。结论 护生死亡态度存在明显的分类特征,可分为死亡态度积极-自然接受型和死亡态度消极-恐惧死亡型2个潜在类别;相关院校可针对不同类别特征的护生开设死亡教育相关课程,以期帮助护生更深刻地认识死亡,树立科学死亡观。
Objective To analyze the potential categories and influencing factors of nursing students’ death attitude,to provide reference for setting up death education courses in line with China’s situation.Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select nursing students in Tangshan.General data questionnaire and death attitude description scale were used to investigate the categories of nursing students’ death attitude and their influencing factors based on latent profiles.Results A total of 520 questionnaires were sent out and 516 were collected with a rate of 99.23%.Eleven invalid questionnaires were excluded with an effective rate of 97.87%.The score of the death attitude description scale of nursing students was(96.91±13.20),which could be divided into two potential categories:positive death attitude - natural acceptance type(51.49%)and negative death attitude - fear type(48.51%)after profile analysis.Logistic regression analysis showed that nursing students who accompanied their dying relatives and friends,had no visit to death-related places,and had relatives and friends who died within six months had a higher probability of negative death attitude - fear of death,while nursing students with extrovert personality and graduate degree had a higher probability of positive death attitude - natural acceptance(all P<0.05).Conclusions There were obvious classification characteristics of nursing students’ attitude towards death,which can be divided into two latent categories:positive attitude towards death - natural acceptance type and negative attitude towards death - fear type.Relevant colleges and universities can set up death education courses for nursing students with different characteristics,in order to help nursing students have a deeper understanding of death and establish a scientific view of death.
目的 探讨电子计算机断层扫描(CT)增强碘对比剂急性不良反应发生及影响因素分析。方法 选取天津市肿瘤医院空港医院2020年10月—2023年10月收治的100例行CT增强出现碘对比剂急性不良反应的患者进行回顾性分析,将其分为观察组,另选取同期在我院行CT增强检查未发生不良反应的100例患者作为对照组。分析观察组患者碘对比剂急性不良反应情况,对比两组患者临床资料及碘对比剂注射情况,以急性不良反应作为因变量(发生急性不良反应=1,未发生急性不良反应=0)纳入Logistic回归模型,分析CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应发生的独立影响因素。结果 100例发生碘对比剂急性不良反应的患者中轻度65例(65.00%),中度34例(34.00%),重度1例(1.00%);观察组与对照组性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、高血压史、糖尿病史、心功能不全史、甲状腺功能亢进史、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病史、碘对比剂使用史、食物过敏史对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组与对照组哮喘史(9.00% vs 2.00%)、肾功能不全史(13.00% vs 3.00%)、碘对比剂不良反应发生史(21.00% vs 2.00%)、花粉过敏史(12.00% vs 4.00%)、药物过敏史(26.00% vs 7.00%)及其他过敏史(10.00% vs 2.00%),对比差异有统计学意义(χ 2 =4.710,P=0.030;χ 2 =6.790,P=0.009;χ 2 =17.740,P<0.001;χ 2 =4.350,P=0.037;χ 2 =13.100,P<0.001;χ 2 =5.670,P=0.017);观察组与对照组碘对比剂剂量对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组与对照组碘对比剂注射速度(<3 mL/min为55.00% vs 69.00%;≥3 mL/min为45.00% vs 31.00%)、碘对比剂类型(碘克沙醇为34.00% vs 34.00%,碘佛醇为47.00% vs 30.00%,碘海醇为19.00% vs 36.00%)对比差异有统计学意义(χ 2 =4.160,P=0.041;χ 2 =9.010,P=0.011);肾功能不全史、碘对比剂不良反应发生史、药物过敏史、其他过敏史、碘对比剂注射速度为发生碘对比剂急性不良反应的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应多以轻度为主,且以往合并肾功能不全、碘对比剂不良反应发生史、药物过敏史、其他过敏史、碘对比剂注射速度过高可能为碘对比剂不良反应发生的影响因素。
Objective To explore the occurrence and influencing factors of acute adverse reactions of iodine contrast agents in enhanced computed tomography(CT).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 100 patients admitted to our hospital from October 2020 to October 2023 who experienced acute adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents during CT enhancement.They were divided into an observation group and another 100 patients who underwent CT enhancement examination in our hospital during the same period without any adverse reactions were selected as the control group.The acute adverse reactions of iodine contrast agent in the observation group of patients were analyzed,the clinical data and injection of iodine contrast agent between the two groups of patients were compared,and include acute adverse reactions as the dependent variable(occurrence of acute adverse reactions=1,absence of acute adverse reactions=0)was used in the Logistic regression model to analyze the independent influencing factors of acute adverse reactions of CT enhanced iodine contrast agent.Results Among the 100 patients who experienced acute adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents,65 were mild reactions,accounting for 65.00%,34 cases had were moderate reactions,accounting for 34.00%,and one cases had severe reactions,accounting for 1.00%.There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in gender,age,body mass index(BMI),history of hypertension,diabetes,heart dysfunction,hyperthyroidism,coronary heart disease,use of iodine contrast agent,and food allergy(P>0.05).The history of asthma(9.00% vs 2.00%),renal insufficiency(13.00% vs 3.00%),adverse reactions of iodine contrast(21.00 % vs 2.00%),pollen allergy(12.00% vs 4.00%),drug allerg(26.00% vs 7.00%)and other allergies(10.00 % vs 2.00%)were significantly different(χ 2 =4.710,P=0.030;χ 2 =6.790,P=0.009;χ 2 =17.740,P<0.001;χ 2 =4.350,P=0.037;χ 2 =13.100,P<0.001;χ 2 =5.670,P=0.017).There was no significant difference in the dosage of iodine contrast agent between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05).The injection rate of iodine contrast agent between the observation group and the control group(< 3 mL/min was 55.00% vs 69.00%;≥3 mL/min was 45.00% vs 31.00%),and the types of iodoxanol (iodoxanol[34.00% vs 34.00%],iodoxanol[47.00% vs 30.00%],iodohexanol[19.00% vs 36.00%]) were significantly different(χ 2 =4.160,P=0.041;χ 2 =9.010,P=0.011).History of renal insufficiency,adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents,drug allergies,other allergies,and injection speed of iodine contrast agents were independent risk factors for the occurrence of acute adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents(P<0.05).Conclusions Acute adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents in CT enhancement are mostly mild.Previous history of renal insufficiency,history of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents,history of drug allergies,other allergic histories,and high injection speed of iodinated contrast agents may be influencing factors for the occurrence of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents.
目的 探讨、对比休克指数(SI)与血乳酸水平预测院前创伤性休克患者预后中的应用。方法 于2020年12月—2023年12月收治80例创伤性休克患者,均接受SI、乳酸水平的监测。结合监测的结果进行分组:乳酸正常组:乳酸水平在2 mmol/L以下,升高组:2 mmol/L以上;SI正常组:SI在0.9以下,升高组:SI在0.9以上。观察、记录患者入院7 d后的序贯性器官功能衰竭评分(SOFA),对多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)情况进行评估。同时观察、记录机械通气、血管活性药物的使用和住院等情况。结果 乳酸水平升高组60例,正常组20组;SI升高组58例,正常组22例,女性乳酸水平、SI,与男性比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。是否发生多器官功能障碍者的年龄、性别、SI指数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)评分[(4.22±1.53)分 vs (9.46±3.82)分,t=7.816,P<0.001]、住院时间[(23.34±5.71)d vs (12.26±2.11)d,t=11.830,P<0.001]、基础乳酸值[(4.75±2.36)mmol/L vs (2.04±1.11)mmol/L,t=6.721,P<0.001]与发生MODS在组间对比差异有统计学意义。SI升高组的容量复苏收缩压>80 mmHg(%)有27例,与乳酸水平升高组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(46.55% vs 18.18%,χ 2 =12.237,P<0.001)。乳酸水平升高组中,11例患者接受机械通气,乳酸水平均升高(P<0.05);9例患者使用血管活性药物,乳酸水平均升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);38例住院患者,24例乳酸水平升高(P<0.05)。13例患者接受机械通气,12例SI升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);11例患者接受血管活性物治疗,8例SI升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);39例患者住院,SI升高22例,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针对重症的创伤性休克患者,当血乳酸水平升高时会大大增加MODS发生的概率,乳酸水平在对重症创伤性休克患者预后进行预测时,应用价值更高。
Objective To explore and compare the application of shock index(SI)and blood lactic acid level in predicting the prognosis of patients with pre-hospital traumatic shock.Methods From December 2020 to December 2023,80 patients with traumatic shock were enrolled,and their SI and levels of lactic acid were monitored.Patients were grouped according to the monitoring results:normal group:lactic acid level below 2 mmol/L,increased group:above 2 mmol/L;normal group:SI below 0.9,and increased group:SI above 0.9.The sequential organ failure score(SOFA)was observed and recorded 7 days after hospitalization,and the situation of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)was evaluated.At the same time,mechanical ventilation,the use of vasoactive substances and hospitalization were observed and recorded.Results There were 60 cases in the group with increased lactic acid level and 20 cases in the normal group.There were 58 cases of increased SI and 22 cases of normal.The lactic acid level and SI index in women were higher than those in men,with no difference(P>0.05).There were no differences in age,sex,SI index and the incidence of MODS(P>0.05).GCS score(4.22±1.53 vs 9.46±3.82),hospitalization days(23.34±5.71 vs 12.26±2.11)d,basal lactate value(4.75±2.36 vs 2.04±1.11)mmol L-1 were significantly different from those of MODS(t=11.830,P<0.001;t=6.721,P<0.001,P<0.05).There were 27 cases with volume resuscitation systolic blood pressure > 80 mmhg(%)in the group with increased SI,which was different from that of SI and lactic acid(46.55% vs18.18%,χ 2 =12.237,P<0.001;P<0.05).Lactic acid increased group:11 patients received mechanical ventilation,and the lactic acid levels of all 11 patients increased(P<0.05).Nine patients used vasoactive substances,and their lactic acid levels all increased,with no significant difference(P>0.05).Of the 38 inpatients,24 cases had elevated lactic acid levels(P<0.05).Thirteen patients received mechanical ventilation,and 12 patients had elevated SI,with no statistical significance(P>0.05).Eleven patients were treated with vasoactive agents,and 8 patients had increased SI,with no difference(P>0.05).Among the 39 patients hospitalized,22 cases had increased SI,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions For patients with severe traumatic shock,when the blood lactic acid level increases,the probability of MODS will be greatly increased.Compared with SI index,lactic acid level has higher application value in predicting the prognosis of patients with severe traumatic shock.
目的 探讨不同清洗方法对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)骨水泥附着的骨科外来医疗器械清洗效果。方法 以河源地区某三级医院消毒供应中心2023年7—12月同型号PMMA骨水泥术后附着的215件骨科外来医疗器械为研究对象,所有器械均为不锈钢材质,表面光滑,无明显磨损,利用随机数字表将其分为对照组与观察组。对照组(107件)采用常规预处理后清洗消毒器清洗,观察组(108件)预处理采用95%乙醇浸泡15 min后联合快干增亮剂清洗消毒器清洗。比较两种不同清洗方法的清洗效果。结果 观察组的器械清洗消毒后更加光滑且清洁,对照组的器械表面有部分磨损且仍存在一定程度的残留物。采用10倍光源放大镜清洁度检查,对照组清洗合格100件,清洗合格率为93.5%;观察组清洗合格108件,清洗合格率为100%。采用杰力试纸法检测,观察组清洗合格率为100%,对照组清洗合格率为94.4%,采用快速检测三磷酸腺苷(ATP)生物荧光法检查,观察组清洗合格率为99.1%,对照组清洗合格率为93.5%,观察组的清洗合格率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PMMA骨水泥附着的骨科外来医疗器械采用95%乙醇浸泡15 min后联合快干增亮剂和清洗消毒器可以提高清洗合格率以及外来器械再处理技术的安全性,为安全质量管理提供了有利依据。该技术适合推广使用,能有效排除医疗隐患,确保医疗安全。
Objective To compare the cleaning effects of different methods on external orthopedic medical devices contaminated with PMMA bone cement.Methods A total of 215 external orthopedic medical devices contaminated with PMMA bone cement were selected from the disinfection supply center of a tertiary hospital in Heyuan from July to December 2023.All devices were made of stainless steel,with smooth surfaces and no significant abrasion.The devices were randomly divided into control group and observation group using a random number table.The control group(107 devices)was cleaned using conventional pre-treatment followed by a cleaning and disinfection machine.The observation group(108 devices)was pre-treated by soaking in 95% medical ethanol for 15 minutes,followed by cleaning with a quick-drying brightener and a cleaning and disinfection machine.The cleaning effects of the two methods were compared.Results The study showed that the devices in the observation group were smoother and cleaner after cleaning and disinfection,while the devices in the control group had some abrasion and residual contaminants.Using a 10 x magnifying glass to check cleanliness,the control group had 107 devices passed the cleaning test,with a pass rate of 93.5%,while the observation group had 108 devices passed,with a pass rate of 100%.Using the Geri test paper method,the observation group had a cleaning pass rate of 100%,and the control group had a pass rate of 94.4%.Using the ATP bioluminescence method,the observation group had a cleaning pass rate of 99.1%,and the control group had a pass rate of 93.5%.The cleaning pass rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions Soaking external orthopedic medical devices contaminated with PMMA bone cement in 95% medical ethanol for 15 minutes,followed by cleaning with a quick-drying brightener and a cleaning and disinfection machine,can improve the cleaning pass rate and enhance the safety of reprocessing external devices.This technique provides a strong basis for safety and quality management,is suitable for widespread use,which effectively eliminates medical hazards,and ensures medical safety.
目的 探讨口服铁剂方法用于改善铁缺乏的男性机采血小板固定献血者铁营养状况效果,为采供血机构完善无偿献血者关爱策略提供数据支持。方法 选择2022年9月—2023年8月珠海市中心血站男性血小板固定献血者进行铁蛋白(FER)检测。以FER<30 ng/mL为铁缺乏的判定标准。将49名铁缺乏的男性机采血小板固定献血者随机分成干预组、对照组,分别进行口服铁剂干预,比较两组干预前后血红蛋白(Hb)、血清铁(SI)、FER的浓度变化情况。结果 共检测205名男性机采固定献血者,其中49名FER<30 ng/mL(铁缺乏组),占23.90%,其Hb、SI、FER均值低于FER≥30 ng/mL男性机采固定献血者(正常组)。49名铁缺乏的机采固定献血者口服铁剂干预后:干预组SI、FER浓度分别为(15.97±5.14)μmol/L、(30.55±14.42)ng/mL,高于对照组[(11.49±4.02)μmol/L、(12.77±5.86)ng/mL)],其差异有统计学意义(t=3.466,P<0.001;t=5.493,P<0.001)。干预组Hb为(143.42±10.85)g/L,高于对照组的(140.88±12.97)g/L,但差异无统计学意义(t=-0.726,P=0.471)。结论 针对铁蛋白低值的机采男性固定献血者,采取口服铁剂方法可以有效改善其铁缺乏状况。
Objective To explore the effect of oral iron supplements on improving iron deficiency in male regular plateletpheresis donors.Methods Male regular plateletpheresis donors from Zhuhai Blood Central Station were selected for ferritin(FER)detection.Using FER<30 ng/mL as the criterion for determining iron deficiency,49 donors were selected as the study subjects and divided into intervention group and control group,and the changes in hemoglobin(Hb),serum iron(SI),andFER concentrations were compared.Results A total of 205 male regular plateletpheresis donors underwent FER detection,of which 49 donors had FER under 30 ng/mL(iron deficiency group),accounting for 23.90%.The mean Hb,SI,and FER levels in the iron deficiency group were significantly lower than those with FER≥30 ng/mL.After oral iron intervention,the SI and FER levels in the intervention group([15.97±5.14] μmol/L,[30.55±14.42] ng/mL)were significantly higher than those in the control group([11.49±4.02] μmol/L,[12.77±5.86] ng/mL),and the difference were statistically significant(t=3.466,P<0.001;t=5.493,P=0.000).The Hb values of the intervention group and the control group were(143.42±10.85)g/L and(140.88±12.97)g/L,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the groups(t=-0.726,P=0.471).Conclusions Oral iron supplementation can effectively improve iron deficiency in male regular plateletpheresis donors.
目的 分析贝伐珠单抗与化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者4种错配修复蛋白(MSH2、MLHI、MSH6、PMS2)水平影响。方法 选择2022年1月—2024年1月江苏省宿迁市中医院肿瘤科102例晚期结直肠癌患者,按抽签法分成两组,即化疗组及联合组,各51例。化疗组应用FOLFOX(亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂+氟尿嘧啶)方案进行化疗,联合组采取贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFOX方案治疗。对比其肿瘤控制效果、免疫功能及MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2水平变化,并对比组间不良反应发生率。结果 联合组客观缓解率、疾病控制率高于化疗组(P<0.05);治疗后联合组患者CD4+ 、CD3+ 、CD8+ 、和CD4+ /CD8+数值高于化疗组,且两组治疗后均低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2缺失率对比无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其阳性、阴性表达情况对比差异有统计学意义,联合组MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2阳性率低于化疗组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 对晚期结直肠癌在化疗基础上增加贝伐珠单抗抗肿瘤效果显著,改善其免疫功能,虽无法改善患者错配修复蛋白缺损,但可辅助降低其阳性率,且不影响安全性。
Objective To analyze the effects of bevacizumab and chemotherapy on the levels of four mismatch repair proteins(MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,PMS2)in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.Methods A total of 102 patients with advanced colorectal cancer from the Oncology Department of Suqian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Jiangsu Province from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected,and were divided into two groups according to the drawing method,namely the chemotherapy group and the combination group,with 51 patients in each group.The chemotherapy group received FOLFOX(calcium folinate+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil)regimen for chemotherapy,while the combination group received bevacizumab combined with FOLFOX regimen for treatment.Tumor control effect,immune function,and changes in MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 levels,and its incidence of adverse reactions were compared.Results The objective remission rate and disease control rate of the combined group were higher than those of the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).After treatment,the CD4+ ,CD3+ ,CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+ values in the combination group were higher than those in the chemotherapy group,and those after treatment were lower than those before treatment in both groups(P<0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in the deletion rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 between the two groups of patients(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in their positive and negative expression.The positive rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 in the combination group were lower than those in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Adding bevacizumab on the basis of chemotherapy has a significant anti-tumor effect on advanced colorectal cancer,improving its immune function.Although it cannot improve the mismatch repair protein defect in patients,it can assist in reducing its positivity rate and has high safety.
目的 探讨机械通气危重患者卧位与中心静脉压(CVP)的关系。方法 选取2022年1月—2024年1月开封市中医院收治的110例机械通气危重患者作为研究对象进行回顾性分析,依照患者不同卧床体位进行分组,分为平卧位组(n=20)、30°卧位组(n=30)、45°卧位组(n=40)、60°卧位组(n=20),分析机械通气危重患者卧位与中心静脉压的关系。结果 不同体位患者呼吸频率(RR)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、平均动脉压(MAP)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同体位患者CVP水平比较差异有统计学意义,平卧位组更高(P<0.05);Spearman相关分析结果表明,RR、HR、SpO2、MAP与体位无相关性(P>0.05),CVP与体位角度呈负相关(P<0.05);体位一直无变化的患者5 min、10 min CVP差值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),5 min内变化体位与5~10 min变化体位患者CVP差值有所变化(P<0.05);CVP水平可随着体位角度增加而降低,随着呼气末正压(PEEP)水平升高而升高(P<0.05)。结论 机械通气危重患者CVP可随着体位及PEEP水平变化而发生改变,因此针对患者监测CVP过程中可尽量让患者保持平卧位5 min后,且确保每次监测过程中PEEP稳定时进行CVP监测,可在监测后再对患者进行体位调整,确保CVP数据准确的同时,提升患者舒适度。
Objective To explore the relationship between lying angle and central venous pressure(CVP)in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 110 critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to January 2024.The patients were divided into three groups based on their different bed positions:supine position group(n=20),30° lying angle group(n=30),45° lying angle group(n=40),and 60° lying angle group(n=20).The relationship between CVP and lying angle of patients were compared.Results There was no significant difference in respiratory rate(RR),heart rate(HR),blood oxygen saturation(SpO2),and mean arterial pressure(MAP)between patients in different lying angle(P>0.05),and there was a significant difference in CVP among patients in different lying angle.The supine position group had a significantly higher CVP(P<0.05).The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that RR,HR,SpO2,MAP were not significantly correlated with lying angle(P>0.05),while CVP was negatively correlated with body lying angle(P<0.05).There was no significant difference(P>0.05)in CVP between 5 minutes and 10 minutes in patients with no changes in lying angle,while patients with changes in lying angle within 5 minutes and those between 5 minutes and 10 minutes showed significant changes(P<0.05).CVP levels decreased with increasing lying angle and increased with increasing PEEP level(P<0.05).Conclusions The CVP of critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation can change with lying angle and PEEP level.Therefore,during the monitoring of CVP for patients,it is advisable to keep them in a supine position for 5 minutes and ensure that PEEP is monitored simultaneously during each monitoring process.After monitoring,the patient’s posture can be adjusted to ensure accurate CVP data and improve patient’s comfort level.