目的 免疫球蛋白A肾病(IgAN)与炎症性肠病(IBD)的相互作用机制尚未阐明。本研究旨在解析IBD与IgAN共病的关键特征基因及核心信号通路,以揭示肠-肾轴的分子调控网络。方法 于GEO数据库获取IBD(GSE75214)和IgAN(GSE93798)基因表达谱,筛选差异表达基因(DEGs)。通过蛋白互作网络(PPI)和拓扑算法(MCC、MNC、Degree、EPC等)识别核心特征基因,并结合公共数据库(CTD、DISEASES和GeneCards)和单细胞转录组测序(GSE171314)进行验证。通过Nephroseq数据库验证基因表达与临床表型的相关性。结果 共筛选出17个IBD-IgAN共病DEGs,PPI网络分析等确定以FOS、EGR1、CXCL2和JUNB为核心特征基因。功能富集分析显示白细胞介素-17(IL-17)信号通路显著激活。单细胞测序验证FOS、EGR1、CXCL2和JUNB基因在IgAN特异性高表达,并通过Nephroseq数据库验证其与尿蛋白和估算的肾小球滤过率下降(eGFR)显著相关。结论 本研究揭示IBD与IgAN共享IL-17通路异常激活及FOS、EGR1、CXCL2和JUNB的基因网络,为开发基于肠-肾轴调控的靶向治疗策略提供理论依据。
Objective The complex interplay between immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)remains poorly understood.This study aimed to identify key cross-talk genes and pivotal signaling pathways shared between IBD and IgAN,thereby elucidating the molecular regulatory network underlying the gut-kidney axis.Methods Transcriptomic datasets for IBD(GSE75214)and IgAN(GSE93798)were retrieved from the GEO database.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened,and shared DEGs were intersected.Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks were constructed using STRING and Cytoscape,with topological algorithms applied to identify hub genes.Gene expression profiles were validated through(CTD,DISEASES and GeneCards)and single-cell RNA sequencing(GSE171314)and the Nephroseq database,focusing on clinical correlations with proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR).Results Seventeen shared DEGs were identified between IBD and IgAN.PPI network analysis revealed FOS,EGR1,CXCL2 and JUNB as core hub genes.Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated significant activation of the interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathway.Single-cell sequencing confirmed the specific upregulation of these genes in renal tubular epithelial cells of IgAN patients,which was further validated to correlate with proteinuria and eGFR decline.Conclusions IBD and IgAN share aberrant activation of the IL-17 pathway and a co-regulatory gene network involving FOS,EGR1,CXCL2 and JUNB,providing a theoretical foundation for developing therapeutic strategies centered on the gut-kidney axis.
动脉粥样硬化(AS)是一种起始于炎症介导的内皮损伤的慢性血管疾病,其本质是免疫炎症驱动的病理过程,是众多心血管疾病的病理基础。CD4+ T细胞亚群[包括辅助性T细胞1型(T helper 1 cell,Th1)、Th2、Th17、调节性T细胞等]通过分泌特异性细胞因子参与AS的炎症反应,其中促炎性CD4+ T细胞与抗炎性CD4+ T细胞的抗炎功能失衡是推动斑块进展的关键环节,在AS斑块形成与发展中起关键作用。近年来,多项研究表明某些中药单体、经典复方及其有效成分,具有多靶点、多层次机制调控CD4+ T细胞分化及功能,这些作用共同减轻血管内皮炎症反应、抑制巨噬细胞泡沫化及平滑肌细胞迁移等,延缓AS斑块形成与发展,为AS防治提供了新思路,展现了中医药在该领域的研究展现出独特优势与广阔前景,本文综述了中医药通过干预CD4+ T细胞亚群平衡防治AS的最新研究进展,及其影响相关细胞因子网络及关键信号通路的作用机制,为开发具有多靶点协同优势的创新中药与中西医结合治疗方案提供了关键理论依据与实践方向。
Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic vascular disease that originates from inflammation mediated endothelialdamage.Its essence is a pathological process driven by immune inflammation,and it is the pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases.CD4+ T cell subsets(including Th1,Th2,Th17,Treg,etc.)participate in the inflammatory response of AS by secreting specific cytokines.The imbalance of anti-inflammatory function between pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells and anti-inflammatory CD4+T cells is a key link in promoting plaque progression and playing a crucial role in the formation and development of AS plaques.In recent years,a number of studies have shown that the monomers,classic prescriptions and their effective ingredients of Chinese herbs have the effect of multi-target,multi-level mechanism to regulate the differentiation and function of CD4+ T cells.These effects together reduce the inflammatory reaction of vascular endothelium,inhibit the foam formation of macrophages and smooth muscle cell migration,delay the formation and development of AS plaque,provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AS,and make the research of Chinese medicine show unique advantages and broad prospects in this field.This article reviews the latest research progress of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of AS by intervening in the balance of CD4+ T cell subsets,as well as the mechanism of its effects on related cytokine networks and key signal pathways.This provides a key theoretical basis and practical direction for the development of innovative traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment plans with multi-target synergistic advantages.
目的 探讨经颅多普勒超声(TCD)参数联合屏气指数在颈内动脉(ICA)狭窄或闭塞所致急性脑梗死的评估价值。方法 选择2022年1月—2024年12月,在广州市花都区人民医院连续入组发病72 h内ICA狭窄或闭塞所致的急性脑梗死患者。记录患者人口统计学资料、临床资料及TCD相关参数,包括搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数( RI)、大脑中动脉平均血流速度(Vm)及屏气指数等。依据患者数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果分为侧支循环良好组及侧支循环不良组。比较两组人口统计学、临床资料及TCD相关参数,采用单因素分析、多因素Logistic回归分析及ROC曲线。结果 共纳入ICA狭窄或闭塞所致急性脑梗死共136例,其中侧支循环良好组46例,侧支循环不良组90例。单因素分析提示:侧支循环良好组与侧支循环不良组在PI[0.95(0.80,1.03)vs 1.01(0.88,1.13)]、RI[0.58(0.51,0.62)vs 0.60(0.54,0.65)]、Vm[57(44,65)vs 50.5(41,63)]及屏气指数[0.78(0.75,0.85)vs 0.72(0.59,0.79)]方面,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析提示Vm(OR=1.029,95%CI:1.006~1.053,P=0.014)、屏气指数(OR=723.401,95%CI:14.524~3 6031.859,P<0.001)是侧支循环不良的独立危险因素。屏气指数和Vm评估侧支循环情况的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.713(95%CI:0.627~0.799)和0.605(0.505~0.705),两者的AUC值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 屏气指数和Vm可以评估ICA狭窄或闭塞所致急性脑梗死的侧支循环,屏气指数和Vm的评估效能相当。
Objective To explore the evaluation value of transcranial Doppler ultrasound(TCD)in acute cerebral infarction caused by internal carotid artery(ICA)stenosis or occlusion.Methods From January 2022 to December 2024,patients with acute cerebral infarction caused by ICA stenosis or occlusion within 72 hours of onset were enrolled in our hospital.Patient’s demographic data,clinical data,and TCD related parameters,including pulsatility index(PI),resistance index(RI),average blood flow velocity(Vm)of the middle cerebral artery,and breath holding index(BHI)were recorded.According to the results of digital silhouette angiography(DSA),patients were divided into good collateral group and poor collateral group.Demographic,clinical data,and TCD related parameters were compared between two groups using univariate analysis,multivariate Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve.Results A total of 136 cases of acute cerebral infarction caused by ICA stenosis or occlusion were included,including 46 cases in the collateral good group and 90 cases in the collateral poor group.Univariate analysis showed that the good collateral group and the poor collateral group were different in PI(0.95[0.80,1.03]vs 1.01[0.88,1.13]),RI(0.58[0.51,0.62]vs 0.60[0.54,0.65]),Vm(57[44,65]vs 50.5[41,63]),BHI(0.78[0.75,0.85] vs 0.72[0.59,0.79])(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Vm(OR=1.029,95%CI:1.006-1.053,P=0.014)and BHI(OR=723.401,95%CI:14.524-36 031.859,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for collateral circulation disorders.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)for predicting collateral circulation using BHI and Vm were 0.713(95%CI:0.627~0.799)and 0.605(0.505~0.705),respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in AUC values between the BHI and Vm.Conclusions The BHI and Vm can predict the collateral circulation of acute cerebral infarction caused by ICA stenosis or occlusion,and their predictive power is comparable.
目的 识别经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后恐动症患者抑郁、焦虑和压力的影响因素。方法 采用横断面研究,纳入780例行PCI术后恐动症患者。应用系列量表评估恐动症患者的不良心理健康状况、生活质量、自我感受负担、社会支持和运动自我效能,并通过问卷收集了患者的社会人口学数据。线性回归和Logistic回归用于识别抑郁、焦虑和压力等不良心理状态的影响因素,应用中介分析探索潜在的中介机制。结果 271例(34.7%)、304例(39.0%)和153例(19.6%)恐动症患者存在不同程度的抑郁、焦虑和压力。恐动症患者的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平呈正相关。线性回归和Logistic分析结果表明,较高的家庭月收入与较高的抑郁水平相关(线性回归:β为0.908和1.937;Logistic:OR为2.05和5.47),社会支持程度与抑郁水平呈负相关(线性回归:β=-0.079;Logistic:OR=0.93)。单身/离异/寡居患者的焦虑水平显著高于已婚患者(线性回归:β=1.613;Logistic:OR=2.28)。与家庭月收入低于5 000元者相比,家庭月收入为5 000~10 000元之间的患者的压力水平较高(线性回归:β=1.065;Logistic:OR=3.14)。此外,自我感受负担较重的患者具有更高的压力水平(线性回归:β=0.077;Logistic:OR=1.05)。中介分析结果表明,焦虑和压力是社会支持/自我感受负担与抑郁之间关联的潜在中介因子。结论 PCI术后恐动症患者广泛存在心理健康问题,其家庭月收入、年龄、婚姻状况、生活方式和病史等因素对患者的不良心理健康状态具有显著影响。医务人员应关注这些患者的心理健康状况及影响因素,制定综合管理策略以改善其预后。
Objective To identify the risk factors associated with depression,anxiety and stress in patients with kinesiophobia after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods In this cross-sectional study,780 patients who developed kinesiophobia after undergoing PCI were enrolled.A series of scales were used to assess the psychological health status,quality of life,self-perceived burden,social support,and exercise self-efficacy of patients with kinesiophobia,and socio-demographic data of the patients were collected through a questionnaire.Linear regression analyses and Logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors of adverse psychological outcomes,including depression,anxiety,and stress.Furthermore,mediation analysis was employed to explore the potential mediating mechanisms.Results Among the 780 patients with kinesiophobia,271(34.7%),304(39.0%)and 153(19.6%)were found to have varying degrees of depression,anxiety,and stress,respectively.The levels of depression,anxiety and stress in patients with kinesiophobia were positively correlated with each other.The results of both linear regression and Logistic regression analyses indicated that higher levels of family monthly income were associated with higher levels of depression(linear:β=0.908 and 1.937;Logistic:OR=2.05 and 5.47),while the degree of social support was negatively correlated with depression levels(linear:β=-0.079;Logistic:OR=0.93).For patients who were single,divorced or widowed,their levels of anxiety were significantly higher than those of married patients(linear:β=1.613;Logistic:OR=2.28).Compared to patients with a monthly household income of less than 5 000 yuan,those with a monthly income between 5 000 and 10 000 yuan reported higher levels of stress(linear:β=1.065;Logistic:OR=3.14).Additionally,patients who perceived a higher personal burden also experienced greater stress(linear:β=0.077;Logistic:OR=1.05).Mediation analysis indicated that anxiety and stress were potential mediating factors in the relationship between social support/self-perceived burden and depression.Conclusions This study reported the widespread psychological health issues among patients with kinesiophobia after PCI and the interactions between these issues.Factors such as monthly household income,age,marital status,lifestyle and medical history were found to be significantly associated with these negative psychological outcomes.Clinicians and nurses should focus on the psychological health and influencing factors of these patients and develop comprehensive management strategies to improve their prognosis.
目的 调查深圳地区综合性医院门诊幽门螺杆菌(Hp)对8种常见抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法 采集13C呼气试验阳性的患者胃黏膜标本313例,进行Hp分离培养及抗菌药物敏感性试验。结果 313例患者分离培养得到247例Hp菌株,培养阳性率78.91%,不同性别、不同年龄患者Hp分离培养阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Hp对甲硝唑、克拉霉素、左氧氟沙星、利福平、阿莫西林、四环素、呋喃唑酮、庆大霉素耐药率依次为88.66%(219/247)、38.46%(95/247)、38.06%(94/247)、4.05%(10/247)、1.21%(3/247)、0.40%(1/247)、0.40%(1/247)、0(0/247)。双重耐药率为38.46%(95/247),其中Hp对克拉霉素+甲硝唑组合耐药率最高(18.62%,46/247),对甲硝唑+左氧氟沙星耐药率居其次(17.00%,42/247)。多重耐药率为19.84%(49/247)。不同年龄、性别患者双重耐药率、多重耐药率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 深圳地区分离的Hp菌株对甲硝唑、克拉霉素、左氧氟沙星耐药率相对更高,且双重耐药、多重耐药情况严重。
Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)to eight commonly used antibiotics in outpatients of general hospitals in Shenzhen.Methods Gastric mucosal samples were collected from 313 patients who tested positive for the 13C breath test,and Hp strains were isolated and cultured.Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on the isolated Hp strains.Results Of the 313 patients,247 Hp strains were isolated,with a culture-positive rate of 78.91%.There was no significant difference in culture-positive rates between different genders and age groups(P>0.05).The resistance rates to metronidazole,clarithromycin,levofloxacin,rifampicin,amoxicillin,tetracycline,furazolidone,and gentamicin were 88.66%(219/247),38.46%(95/247),38.06%(94/247),4.05%(10/247),1.21%(3/247),0.40%(1/247),0.40%(1/247),0(0/247),respectively.The dual resistance rate was 38.46%(95/247),with the highest combination resistance observed in clarithromycin + metronidazole(18.62%,46/247),followed by metronidazole + levofloxacin(17.00%,42/247).The multi-drug resistance rate was 19.84%(49/247).There were no significant differences in dual resistance rates(P>0.05)or multiple resistance rates(P>0.05)between different age groups and genders.Conclusions The Hp strains isolated in Shenzhen exhibited relatively higher resistance rates to metronidazole,clarithromycin,and levofloxacin,with substantial dual and multi-drug resistance.
目的 评价新型穿戴式气压治疗仪预防深静脉血栓的临床疗效及安全性。方法 将156例脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和试验组,各78例。试验组使用新型穿戴式气压治疗仪(邦普医疗/VW100)进行气压治疗。对照组使用韩国元金压力治疗仪进行气压治疗。两组疗程均为10 d,观察临床疗效及安全性,比较两组深静脉血栓形成率、医护人员和患者的使用满意度。结果 治疗10 d后,试验组与对照组深静脉血栓未发生率差值为1.2%,相应的95%置信区间为–5.3%~7.9%,下限高于–10%,医护人员和患者对试验组的评价优于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 新型穿戴式气压治疗仪预防深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效不劣于市面上已有的气压治疗仪,治疗过程中未见明显不良反应,临床使用安全有效。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of new wearable pneumatic compression pump in preventing deep vein thrombosis.Methods One hundred and fifty-six patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control and study group with 78 cases in each group.Study group was treated with the new wearable pneumatic compression pump(Bangpu Medical / VW100).Control group was treated with pneumatic compression pump(Wonjin-POWER).The course of both groups was 10 days,comparing the deep vein thrombosis rate and useage satisfaction of patients and staffs between the two groups.Results After 10 days of treatment,the difference between the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in the study and control group was 1.2%.The corresponding 95% confidence interval was(-5.3%,7.9%),and the lower limit was greater than -10%.The appraisal from medical staffs and the patients of study group was better than that of the control group(P<0.001).Conclusions The clinical effect of the new wearable pneumatic compression pump to prevent deep vein thrombosis is not inferior to the existing pneumatic compression pump,which clinical practice experience is better.There is no obvious adverse reactions in the treatment process,and the clinical practice is also safe and effective.
目的 开发一种多功能纳米颗粒输送系统来刺激骨再生和血管形成,用于逆转骨质疏松症。方法 通过制备基于外消旋聚乳酸 Poly(D,L-lactide)即PLA的纳米颗粒来封装淫羊藿苷。随后,通过红细胞膜包被这些纳米颗粒以增强生物相容性。为了提高靶向特异性,进一步合成了由阿仑膦酸盐修饰的聚乙二醇-磷脂酰乙醇胺(PEG-DSPE) 组成的骨靶向聚合物脂质,并将其掺入细胞膜涂层中。结果 多功能纳米颗粒输送系统可通过调节骨髓间充质干细胞 (BMSC)功能,从而增强成骨和血管生成能力。结论 本研究结果表明,多功能纳米颗粒输送系统可以在体外刺激骨形成和血管形成,表明其有成为骨质疏松症先进治疗策略的潜力。
Objective To developed a multifunctional nanoparticle system to stimulate bone regeneration and vascularization as a therapeutics strategy for osteopovost.Methods Poly(D,L-lactide)(PLA)-based nanoparticles were fabricated to encapsulate the icariin,which is renowned for its osteogenic potential.These nanoparticles were then coated with red blood cell membranes to enhance biocompatibility.To further improve targeting specificity,a bone-targeted polymer-lipid consisting of alendronate-modified PEG-DSPE was synthesized and incorporated into the cell membrane coating.Results The delivery system was designed to modulate the function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,thereby enhancing both osteogenesis and angiogenesis.Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that the therapeutic system could enhance bone formation and vascularization in vitro,indicating its potential as an advanced treatment strategy for osteoporosis.
目的 通过对压疮不同治疗方式的分析,探讨疾病诊断相关分组(DRG)组合的特征,提高核心疾病诊断相关组(ADRG)的入组率和提升相对权重值,从而提升医疗服务效率和水平。方法 使用医院DRGs分析评价系统以及EXCEL软件筛选出2023—2024年广州市第一人民医院主要诊断压疮疾病病例,分析ADRG组合的特征。结果 根据压疮疾病不同治疗方式,主要诊断为压疮(L89)的176病例进入相对的外科治疗组和内科治疗组,ADRG组分别为JD1组合、JJ1组合、JV1组合。JJ1组合治疗方案以创面封闭式负压引流为主;JD1组合的外科治疗方式均是以皮肤和皮下坏死组织的切除清创术+创面封闭式负压引流术(VSD)的手术治疗方案。JD13组、JD15组比JJ13组、JJ15组,相对权重分别高2.35和1.48。26例患者的住院时间均超过60 d,导致进入了QY组合。结论 利用好DRGs工具能有效地提高压疮的入组率,结合精细化的首页质量管理,提升DRGs的组合权重值及医疗服务效率和水平。
Objective To analyze different treatment methods for pressure ulcers and explore the characteristics of Diagnosis-Related Groups(DRGs)to improve the admission rate of Adjacent DRGs(ADRGs)and enhance the relative weight value,thereby improving the efficiency and level of medical services.Methods Using the DRGs management system and EXCEL software,cases of pressure ulcer disease from Class A tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from 2023 to 2024 were selected,with pressure ulcers as the primary diagnosis,and analyzed the characteristics of ADRG combinations.Results Based on different treatment methods for pressure ulcers,176 cases primarily diagnosed with pressure ulcers(L89)were categorized into relative surgical and medical treatment groups,with ADRG groups being JD1,JJ1,and JV1 combinations.The JJ1 group’s treatment plan primarily focused on closed wound negative pressure drainage,the surgical treatment method for JD1 group involved skin and subcutaneous necrotic tissue excision and debridement surgery combined with closed wound negative pressure drainage(VSD).The relative weights of JD13 and JD15 groups were 2.35 and 1.48,higher than those of JJ13 and JJ15 groups.Twenty-six cases had an average hospital stay exceeding 60 days,leading to their categorization into the QY group.Conclusions Utilizing the DRG tool effectively improves the admission rate for pressure ulcer diseases.By combining it with refined quality management on the first page of medical records,the combination weight value of DRGs and the efficiency and level of medical services can be enhanced.
目的 探讨超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞(TAP)联合无阿片药全身麻醉(全麻)在腹腔镜子宫全切术中的应用效果。方法 选取武威市凉州医院2021年5月—2023年5月收治的60例择期行腹腔镜子宫全切术患者展开前瞻性研究,应用抽签法将其分为观察组与对照组,各30例。对照组患者实施常规阿片类药物全麻,观察组采用TAP联合无阿片药全身麻醉。对比两组患者入室后(T0)、切皮时(T1)、手术10 min后(T2)和手术结束即刻(T3)生命体征变化,麻醉后监测治疗室(PACU)恢复情况,术后1、4、8、12、24、48 h疼痛程度,最后对比其48 h内不良反应发生率。结果 两组T0、T1、T2、T3时间血氧饱和度(SpO2),T0、T3时间平均动脉压(MAP)、心率水平无明显变化,两组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),T1、T2时间对照组MAP、心率升高,观察组T1、T2的MAP、心率均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组PACU停留时间、首次肛门排气时间明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后1、4、8、12、24、48 h活动时视觉模量表(VAS)评分与静息时VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后48 h内不良反应发生率比对照组更低(P<0.05)。结论 针对腹腔镜子宫全切术患者采取超声引下TAP联合无阿片药全麻可稳定患者术中生命体征,缩短患者术后恢复时间,减轻疼痛程度,且可降低术后48 h内不良反应发生率。
Objective To explore the application effect of ultrasound-guided transverse abdominis plane(TAP)block combined with opioid-free general anesthesia in laparoscopic total hysterectomy.Methods A prospective study was conducted in 60 patients who underwent selective laparoscopic total hysterectomy in Wuwei Liangzhou Hospital from May 2021 to May 2023.They were divided into a observation group and a control group using a lottery method,30 cases in each group.The control group received routine opioid general anaesthesia,while the observation group received TAP in combination with opioid-free general anaesthesia.Comparing the changes of vital signs after invasion(T0),skin cutting(T1),10 min after operating(T2),the end of surgery(T3),and condition in the post-anesthesia care unit(PACU)after anesthesia,the pain degree at 1 h,4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after surgery,and the incidence of adverse reactions within 48 h.Results There were no significant changes in blood SpO2,mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate at T0,T1,T2 and T3 in both groups,and no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).MAP and heart rate increased in the control group at T1 and T2,while those in the observation group were lower than the control group(P<0.05).The observation group had significantly shorter PACU time and first anal exhaust time than the control group(P<0.05).VAS scores at 1 h,4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after surgery and VAS score at rest in the observation group were lower than in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions within 48 h after surgery was lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Ultrasound guided TAP combined with opioid-free general anesthesia can stabilize intraoperative vital signs,shorten postoperative recovery time,alleviate postoperative pain,and reduce the incidence of anesthesia related adverse reactions within 48 hours for patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy.
目的 调查江西省南昌市东湖区孕妇2022—2024年碘营养状况与盐碘监测情况,为区域干预提供依据。方法 将江西省南昌市东湖区划分为东、南、西、北、中5个片区,每个片区随机抽取一个街道(管理处),于每年5月份随机抽取各街道(管理处)20名孕妇,每年共抽取100名孕妇,3年共计300名孕妇,采集其尿液样本和家中食用盐样本检测碘含量,以统计学方法进行分析。结果 3年来孕妇家庭食用盐碘含量中位数为23.02 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为98.67%,碘盐合格率为95.33%,3年的食用盐碘含量比较差异有统计学意义(H=38.545,P<0.05)。孕妇的尿碘水平中位数为115.15 μg/mL,3年来孕妇的尿碘水平中位数均低于150 μg/mL,有62.67%的孕妇碘缺乏,3年间的尿碘水平比较差异有统计学意义(H=9.392,P<0.05),其中2024年的尿碘水平中位数为140.00 μg/mL,校正后高于2022年(Z=2.693,P<0.0167)和2023年(Z=2.590,P<0.0167)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示孕妇尿碘水平与盐碘含量及碘盐质量均无相关性(均P>0.05),孕妇碘营养状况与盐碘含量及碘盐质量均无相关性(均P>0.05),孕妇尿碘水平与碘营养状况正相关(rs=0.857,P<0.05),盐碘含量与碘盐质量正相关(rs=0.314,P<0.05)。结论 江西省南昌市东湖区2024年孕妇碘缺乏有所改善,但整体形势严峻,超半数的孕妇碘缺乏,食用碘盐基本符合国家消除碘缺乏病标准,但仍需改进。卫生部门要强化孕妇碘营养监测,向孕妇科普碘缺乏病知识,增强补碘意识,促其科学补碘。盐业监管部门需加大监管,严控碘盐质量,确保东湖区居民食盐合格。
Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women and iodined salt monitoring in Donghu District,Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province from 2022 to 2024,and provide a basis for regional intervention.Methods Donghu District was divided into five areas:East,South,West,North,and Central.A street(management office)was randomly selected from each area,and 20 pregnant women were randomly selected from each street(management office)in May each year.A total of 100 pregnant women were selected each year,for a total of 300 pregnant women over three years.Urine samples and household salt samples were collected to detect iodine content,and statistical analysis was conducted.Results Over the past three years,the median iodine content in the cooking salt consumed by pregnant women’s families was 23.02 mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 98.67%,and the iodized salt qualification rate was 95.33%.There were differences in the iodine content of cooking salt in the three years(H=38.545,P<0.05).The median urinary iodine level of pregnant women was 115.15 μg/mL.In the past three years,the median urinary iodine levels of pregnant women were all lower than 150 μg/ml,and 62.67% of pregnant women were iodine-deficient.There were differences in the urinary iodine levels in the three years(H=9.392,P<0.05).Among them,the median urinary iodine level in 2024 was 140.00 μg/mL,which was significantly higher than that in 2022(Z=2.693,P<0.0167)and 2023(Z=2.590,P<0.0167)after correcting the significance level.Spearman correlation analysis results showed that there was no correlation between the urinary iodine level of pregnant women with the iodine content and quality of iodized salt(all P>0.05),and there was no correlation between the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women with the iodine content and quality of iodized salt(all P>0.05).The urinary iodine level in pregnant women is positively correlated with their iodine nutritional status(rs=0.857,P<0.05),and the iodine content in salt is positively correlated with the quality of iodized salt(rs=0.314,P<0.05).Conclusions In 2024,the iodine deficiency among pregnant women in Donghu District,Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province was improved,but the overall situation is still severe.More than half of pregnant women were iodine-deficient.The consumption of iodized salt basically met the national standards for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders,but still needed to be improved.The health department should strengthen the monitoring of iodine nutrition among pregnant women,popularize knowledge about iodine deficiency disorders to pregnant women,enhance their awareness of iodine supplementation,and promote their scientific iodine supplementation.The salt industry supervision department needs to strengthen supervision,strictly control the quality of iodized salt,and ensure that the cooking salt of residents in Donghu District is qualified.