医学教育

结核专科教学医院医学生特征及管理对策的分析

Analysis on the characteristics and management strategies of medical students in teaching hospitals specialized in tuberculosis

:717-722
 
       目的   分析结核专科医院医学生特征及管理配合度影响因素,为进一步提升医学生管理配合提供参考。方法   选择在院511名医学生进行基本情况采集及问卷调查,以问卷打卡次数及打卡时间评估医学生的管理配合度,并进一步分析其影响因素。结果   进修生、研究生及实习生的性别构成比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而年龄、专业及学历比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医学生的学历与管理配合度无关,而不同年龄、性别、类别、专业医学生的管理配合度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论   针对结核病专科医院医学生的类别、专业、年龄等不同特征,调整专科医院教学管理方法并实行相应的管理措施,对加强专科教学医院的医学生管理工作具有一定的价值。
       Objective  To analyze the characteristics and the influencing factors of management cooperation of medical students in tuberculosis specialized hospital,providing  reference for further improving the cooperation of medical  students in management.Methods  Five hundred and eleven medical students were selected in the specialized hospital for basic information collection and questionnaire survey,the management cooperation of medical students were evaluated from the frequency and time of questionnaire check-in,and the influencing factors were further analyzed.Results  According to the classification as continuing education students,graduate students and interns,there was no statistical difference in gender,but there were  differences in age,major,and education degree(P<0.05).Age,gender,type,and major of the students were all  related to management cooperation(P<0.05),while the education degree was not related to it. Conclusions  According to the different characteristics of medical students in tuberculosis specialized hospitals,such as their categories,majors and ages,adjusting the teaching management methods in specialized hospitals and implementing management measures have certain reference value for strengthening the management of medical students in specialized teaching hospitals.
护理研究

医院 - 社区 - 家庭一体化康复护理模式干预对慢性创面患者生活质量及创面愈合的影响研究

Impact of hospital-community-home integrated rehabilitation nursing model on the quality of life and wound healing in patients with chronic wounds

:694-700
 
       目的   评估医院-社区-家庭一体化康复护理模式对慢性创面患者生活质量及创面愈合的潜在影响。   选择2023年1月—2024年6月在广州市第一人民医院接受治疗的慢性创面患者80例作为研究对象,所有患者在住院期间均接受基于溃疡面积、深度及是否合并感染等因素的综合治疗,包括彻底清创、创缘处理、负压治疗、感染控制等治疗,并接受常规护理。出院前,通过随机数字表法将患者分为两组,每组40例。两组患者在住院期间均接受常规护理,出院后,对照组接受延续护理并定期复查。干预组40例患者在出院后接受医院-社区-家庭一体化康复护理模式。入组时及护理3个月后,使用生活质量调查表(SF-36)对患者生活质量和创面愈合率进行评估。结果   干预组创面愈合率为(32.61±4.26)%,高于对照组(11.48±1.04)%,差异具有统计学意义(t=19.473,P<0.05)。两组患者在护理3个月后的数字评定量表评分和创面疼痛频率评分均较入组时降低(P<0.05)。其中干预组护理3个月后的创面VAS评分为(1.82±0.17)分,创面疼痛频率评分为(1.28±0.25)分;而对照组分别为(3.91±0.22)分和(2.63±0.37)分,干预组低于对照组(P<0.05)。此外,干预组在护理后3个月的总体健康、生理功能、生理职能、精神健康、情感功能、社会功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。在居家3个月期间,干预组的感染发生率为5.00%,而对照组为17.50%,干预组感染发生率低于对照组(χ 2 =3.781,P<0.05)。结论   本研究表明,医院-社区-家庭一体化康复护理模式干预能够促进慢性创面患者的创面愈合,降低居家期间感染的风险,并提升患者的生活质量。
       Objective  To assess the potential impact of the integrated hospital-community-home  rehabilitation nursing model on the quality of life and wound healing in patients with chronic wounds.Methods  A total of 80 patients with chronic wounds treated at the Guangzhou First People’s Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study subjects.All patients received comprehensive treatment during their hospital stay,including thorough debridement,edge treatment,vacuum therapy,infection control and routine nursing care.Prior to discharge,the patients were  randomly divided into two groups using a random number table,with 40 patients in each group.Both groups received routine nursing care during their hospital stay,and the control group received continuing nursing care and regular follow-up after discharge.Forty patients in the intervention group received the integrated hospital-community-home rehabilitation nursing model after discharge.Quality of life(QoL)and wound healing rates were assessed using the Short Form 36(SF-36)questionnaire at the time of enrollment and 3 months after nursing.Results  The wound healing rate in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group ([32.61±4.26]% vs [11.48±1.04]%),with a statistical difference(t=19.473,P<0.05).The numerical rating scale(NRS)scores and frequency of wound pain scores decreased in both groups 3 months after nursing compared to the enrollment period(P<0.05).Specifically,the VAS score for wound pain in the intervention group 3 months after nursing was(1.82±0.17),and the frequency of wound pain was(1.28±0.25),in the control group,these scores were(3.91±0.22)and(2.63±0.37),respectively,with the intervention group scoring significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the scores for overall health,physical function,role physical,mental health,emotional function,and social function in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group 3 months after nursing(P<0.05).During the 3-month home recovery period,the incidence of infection in the intervention group was 5.00%,whereas it was 17.50% in the control group,with the intervention group  showing a lower incidence of infection(χ 2 =3.781,P<0.05).Conclusions  This study demonstrates that the hospital-community-home integrated rehabilitation care model intervention can promote wound healing in chronic wound patients,reduce the risk of infection during home care,and significantly improve patients’ quality of life.
论著

CT、MRI 影像学表现对原发性肝细胞癌微血管侵犯的诊断价值

Diagnostic value of CT and MRI imaging manifestations for microvascular invasion in primary hepatocellular carcinoma

:681-688
 
       目的   探讨CT、MRI影像学表现对原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)微血管侵犯(MVI)的诊断价值。方法   选取2018年1月—2024年7月江门市第二人民医院(江门市中心医院蓬江分院)和江门市中心医院120例(共158个病灶)HCC患者,均行上腹部CT、MRI平扫+增强及弥散加权成像(DWI)检查;以术后病理结果为金标准。比较CT、MRI平扫+增强及DWI对HCC MVI诊断效能;分析HCC MVI诊断中CT、MRI平扫+增强及DWI检查与术后病理确诊结果之间的一致性;比较HCC MVI与无HCC MVI患者影像学表现及表观扩散系数(ADC)值。结果    DWI检查对HCC MVI的诊断效能(灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值)均显著性高于CT、MRI平扫+增强(P<0.05);CT、MRI、DWI对原发性肝细胞癌患者微血管侵犯的诊断效能比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在HCC MVI诊断效能中,CT、MRI影像学表现与术后病理确诊结果之间为中度一致性;DWI与术后病理确诊结果之间为高度一致性。HCC MVI患者的强化方式在非边缘动脉期强化、强化包膜、晕状强化、结中结、门脉分支癌栓占比均显著性高于无HCC MVI患者(P<0.05)。在不同b值(400、800、1 000、1 500 s/mm2 )下,HCC MVI患者的ADC值均显著性高于无HCC MVI患者(P<0.05)。结论    CT、MRI平扫+增强及DWI对HCC MVI均具有较好的诊断效能,而MRI诊断结果与病理诊断一致性更佳,尤其DWI图中ADC值可更加精准地判断HCC的患者是否发生微血管侵犯,有助于指导临床医生建立“个体化”精准诊疗策略。
       Objective  To explore the diagnostic value of CT and MRI imaging manifestations for microvascular invasion(MVI)in primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods  A total of 120 patients(158 lesions in total)with HCC in the Second People’s Hospital of Jiangmen(Pengjiang Branch of Jiangmen Central Hospital)and Jiangmen Central Hospital were selected from January 2018 to July 2024,all underwent CT and MRI plain + enhanced and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)of the upper abdomen;postoperative pathology results was used as the diagnostic gold standard.The diagnostic efficacy of CT,MRI plain + enhanced and DWI for HCC MVI was compared.The concordance among CT,MRI plain + enhanced and DWI examinations with postoperative pathological diagnostic findings in the diagnosis of HCC MVI.Imaging manifestations and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values in patients with and without HCC MVI were compared.Results  Diagnostic effectiveness of DWI examination for HCC MVI(sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value)were all significantly higher than those of CT and MRI plain + enhanced(P<0.05);none of the differences were statistically significant(P>0.05)in the comparison of diagnostic effectiveness of CT,MRI,and DWI for the diagnosis of MVI in patients with primary HCC.In HCC MVI diagnostic effectiveness,moderate concordance was found among CT,MRI imaging phenotypes and postoperative pathology results;high concordance was found between DWI and postoperative pathology results.In HCC MVI patients,the proportion of non-marginal arterial reinforcement,enhanced envelope,halo reinforcement,nodal in nodal and portal branch cancer thrombi was significantly higher than that in patients without HCC MVI(P<0.05).At different b-values(400,800,1 000,1 500 s/mm2 ),ADC values were all significantly higher in patients with HCC MVI than in patients without HCC MVI(P<0.05).Conclusions  CT,MRI plain + enhanced and DWI have good diagnostic effectiveness for HCC MVI,while MRI diagnostic results are in better concordance with pathologic diagnosis.In particular,ADC values in DWI maps can more accurately determine whether MVI occurs in patients with HCC,which helps to guide clinicians to establish“individualized”and precise diagnosis and treatment strategies.
论著

不同的复苏方式对感染性休克患者的应用效果

The application effect of different resuscitation methods on patients with septic shock

:675-680
 
       目的   探讨碳酸氢钠林格液联合乳酸靶向复苏对感染性休克患者的应用效果。方法   选取中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院2019年1月—2023年12月收治的80例感染性休克患者,应用随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,均为40例。对照组患者采用复方氯化钠溶液进行液体复苏,观察组患者采用碳酸氢钠林格液联合乳酸靶向复苏。对比两组患者复苏前与复苏后24 h的静脉血氧饱和度(SvO2)、平均动脉压(MAP)、心脏指数(CI)、心率(HR)等相关生命体征变化,血乳酸、pH值、血钠(Na+ )、血氯(Cl- )、碳酸氢根离子(HCO3-)水平变化,对比两组患者症状体征消失时间、意识恢复时间、机械通气时间、ICU住院时间、总住院时间及预后不良情况与并发症发生率。结果   复苏后两组SvO2、MAP、CI均升高,且观察组的SvO2为(73.62±6.24)%,MAP为(75.26±11.42)mmHg,CI为(3.62±0.66)min/m2 ,均高于对照组的(66.85±8.32)%、(68.51±8.37)mmHg 和(3.16±0.35)min/m2 ,而HR均降低,其中观察组为(113.26±12.37)次/分,低于对照组的(122.62±12.73)次/分,比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.117,P<0.001;t=3.015,P=0.003;t=3.894,P<0.001;t=3.335,P<0.001)。复苏后两组血乳酸、Cl- 均降低,pH值、Na+ 、HCO3-均升高,观察组血乳酸为(1.46±0.52)mmol/L,低于对照组的(2.25±0.32)mmol/L,比较差异有统计学意义(t=8.183,P<0.001),但两组pH值、Na+ 、Cl- 、HCO3-水平对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组症状体征消失时间为(2.34±0.58)d、意识恢复时间为(1.15±0.27)d、机械通气时间为(5.82±1.08)d、ICU住院时间为(11.85±2.28)d、总住院时间为(23.15±4.26)d,均低于对照组的(3.54±0.72)(2.95±0.34)(10.35±2.12)(15.12±3.23)(27.24±6.37)d,比较差异有统计学意义(t=8.209,P<0.001;t=26.221,P<0.001;t=12.042,P<0.001;t=5.231,P<0.001;t=3.376,P<0.001)。观察组多器官功能障碍综合征、肺水肿、脑水肿、再次休克、死亡等不良预后发生率低于对照组(7.50% vs32.50%;χ 2 =7.810,P=0.005)。结论   碳酸氢钠林格液联合乳酸靶向复苏可稳定感染性休克患者生命体征,降低乳酸水平,改善患者预后,缩短住院时间,且能够辅助降低患者不良预后发生率。
       Objective  To explore the application effect of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution combined with lactate targeted resuscitation on patients with septic shock.Methods  A total of  80  patients with  septic  shock admitted to the  988 Hospital,Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army from January 2019 to December 2023 were selected and divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,with 40 cases in both groups.The control group was treated with compound sodium chloride solution for liquid resuscitation,and the observation group was treated with sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution combined with lactic acid for targeted resuscitation.The changes in SvO2,MAP,CI,HR,as well as changes in blood lactate,pH,Na+ ,Cl- ,and HCO3- levels were compared between two groups of patients before and 24 hours after resuscitation.The time for symptom disappearance,consciousness recovery,mechanical ventilation,and ICU hospitalization were compared between the two groups of patients,as well as total length of hospital stay,poor prognosis,and incidence of complications.Results  That the SvO2,MAP,and CI were elevated in both groups after resuscitation,and of the observation group (SvO2[73.62±6.24]%,MAP[75.26±11.42]mmHg,CI[3.62±0.66]min/m2 )was  higher than that of the control group ([66.85±8.32]%,[68.51±8.37]mmHg,[3.16±0.35]min/m2 ),the HR was decreased in all cases,the observation group(113.26±12.37)times/min was lower than the control group(122.62±12.73)times/min,the difference was statistically significant(t=4.117,P<0.001;t=3.015,P=0.003;t=3.894,P<0.001;t=3.335,P<0.001).After resuscitation,both groups blood lactate and Cl-  were decased,pH value,Na+ ,and HCO3- increased,and the observation group blood lactate(1.46±0.52)mmol/L was lower than the control group(2.25±0.32)mmol/L,the difference was statistically significant(t=8.183,P<0.001).But the comparison of pH value,Na+ ,Cl- ,and HCO3- levels between the two groups was not different(P>0.05).Time of disappearance(2.34±0.58)d,time of consciousness(1.15±0.27)d,time of mechanical ventilation(5.82±1.08)d,length of ICU stay(11.85±2.28)d and total length of stay([23.15±4.26]d,[3.54±0.72]d,[2.95±0.34]d,[10.35±2.12]d,[15.12±3.23]d,[27.24±6.37]d),the difference was statistically significantt=8.209,P<0.001,t=26.221,P<0.001,t=12.042,P<0.001;t=5.231,P<0.001;t=3.376,P<0.001).The incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,pulmonary edema,cerebral edema,reshock,and death in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(7.50% vs 32.50%;χ 2 =7.810,P=0.005,P<0.05).Conclusions  The combination of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution and lactate targeted  resuscitation can improve the vital signs of septic shock patients,reduce lactate levels,significantly improve patient prognosis,shorten hospital stay,and assist in reducing the incidence of complications and mortality.
论著

单克隆免疫球蛋白血症患者 M 蛋白质量浓度检测的临床意义

Clinical significance of detecting M protein concentration in patients with monoclonal gammopathy

:669-674
 
       目的   探讨单克隆免疫球蛋白血症患者M蛋白质量浓度检测的临床意义。方法   选取2018年6月—2023年6月龙岩人民医院收治的88例单克隆免疫球蛋白血症患者为研究对象,其中意义未明单克隆免疫球蛋白血症(MGUS)21例,具有肾脏意义单克隆免疫球蛋白血症(MGRS)50例,血液系统恶性肿瘤17例。对比其M蛋白质量浓度及临床实验室相关指标表达水平,采用Spearman相关分析法分析临床实验室相关指标的与M蛋白的相关性,对所有患者进行半年随访,以预后情况作为因变量,纳入Logistics回归模型分析M蛋白质量浓度对单克隆免疫球蛋白血症预后的预测价值。结果   不同病种M蛋白水平分别为(2.42±0.55)(2.57±0.64)(4.36±0.64)g/L、24 h尿蛋白分别为(1.45±0.16)(2.98±0.68)(2.43±0.44)g/24 h、血清白蛋白质量浓度分别为(31.01±3.06)(35.03±5.04)(39.05±7.08)g/L、总胆固醇水平分别为(3.42±1.25)(3.87±0.64)、(4.16±0.64)mmol/L、血肌酐水平分别为(114.35±23.23)(81.18±12.12)(146.36±21.12)μmol/L、血红蛋白质量浓度分别为(148.12±15.26)(141.69±12.15)(133.34±15.31)g/L,组间对比差异均有统计学意义(F分别为23.890,19.700,12.044,25.767,36.572,10.267,P<0.05)。MGUS患者24h尿蛋白与M蛋白有相关性(r=-0.384,P=0.033),24 h尿蛋白、血清白蛋白、总胆固醇、血肌酐与MGRS患者M蛋白有相关性(r=-0.586,P=0.006;r=0.431,P=0.018;r=-0.457,P=0.020;r=0.523,P=0.009),血清白蛋白、总胆固醇、血红蛋白与血液系统恶性肿瘤患者M蛋白有相关性(r=0.374,P=0.029;r=-0.617,P=0.001;r=-0.414,P=0.024);年龄、M蛋白为单克隆免疫球蛋白血症患者预后的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论   不同单克隆免疫球蛋白血症患者M蛋白水平存在差异,其中血液系统恶性肿瘤患者的M蛋白水平最高,且M蛋白为单克隆免疫球蛋白血症预后的独立影响因素。  
       Objective  To explore the clinical significance of detecting M protein concentration in patients with monoclonal gammopathy.Methods  From June 2018 to June 2023,88 patients with monoclonal gammopathy admitted to the hospital were selected as the study subjects.Among them,21 cases of monoclonal gammopathy with undetermined  significance(MGUS),50 cases of monoclonal gammopathy with renal significance(MGRS),and 17 cases of hematological malignancies were selected.Concentration of M protein and the expression levels of clinical laboratory related indicators were compared,Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between clinical laboratory related indicators and M protein.All patients were followed up for six months,with prognosis as the dependent variable,included in the logistic regression model to analyze the predictive value of M protein concentration on the prognosis of monoclonal gammopathy.Results  There were significant differences in the expression levels of M protein([2.42±0.55],[2.57±0.64],[4.36±0.64])g/L,24-hour urine protein([1.45±0.16],[2.98±0.68],[2.43±0.44])g/24 h,serum albumin([31.01±3.06],[35.03±5.04],[39.05±7.08])g/L,total cholesterol([3.42±1.25],[3.87±0.64],[4.16±0.64])mmol/L,blood creatinine([114.35±23.23],[81.18±12.12],[146.36±21.12])μmol/L,and hemoglobin([148.12±15.26],[141.69±12.15],[133.34±15.31])g/L among different diseases(F=23.890,19.700,12.044,25.767,36.572,10.267;P<0.05).There was a significant correlation between 24 h urinary protein and M protein in MGUS patients(r=-0.384,P=0.033).Urinary protein,serum albumin,serum cholesterol and blood creatinine were significantly associated with M protein in MGRS patients(r=-0.586,P=0.006;r=0.431,P=0.018;r=-0.457,P=0.020;r=0.523,P=0.009),Serum albumin,total cholesterol,and hemoglobin were significantly associated with M protein in patients with hematological malignancies(r=0.374,P=0.029;r=-0.617,P=0.001;r=-0.414,P=0.024;P<0.05).Age and M protein were independent  risk factors for the prognosis of patients with monoclonal gammopathy(P<0.05).Conclusions  There are significant differences in the concentration of M protein among patients with different levels of monoclonal gammopathy,with the highest level observed in patients with hematological malignancies.M protein is an independent prognostic factor for monoclonal gammopathy.
论著

实时图像引导系统对乳腺癌保乳术后放疗摆位误差的影响

Effects of image-guided radiation therapy on radiotherapy positioning error after breast conserving surgery for breast cancer

:656-661
 
       目的   探讨与分析实时图像引导系统对乳腺癌保乳术后放射治疗(放疗)摆位误差的影响。方法   选取安阳市肿瘤医院2021年9月—2023年12月收治的乳腺癌保乳术后108例患者为研究对象,按照随机信封抽签法把108例患者分为实时组54例与对照组54例。两组的放疗观察时间均为3个月,对照组给予热塑体模定位,实时组给予实时图像引导系统定位,记录两组的摆位误差与放疗不良反应发生情况。结果   实时组X轴、Y轴、Z轴方向的配准结果误差发生率分别为1.85%、7.41%、1.85%,均低于对照组的14.81%、22.22%、16.67%(χ 2 =5.939,P=0.015;χ 2 =4.696,P=0.030;χ 2 =7.053,P=0.008)。实时组摆位纠正前X轴、Y轴、Z轴误差大于对照组(t分别为38.888、28.106、50.102,P<0.05),摆位纠正后两组摆位误差对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实时组放疗3个月期间的心脏平均受量、肺脏平均受量均少于对照组(t分别为49.942、13.996,P<0.001)。实时组放疗3个月期间的急性放射性皮肤反应发生率为3.70%,对照组为16.67%,实时组低于对照组(χ 2 =4.960,P<0.05)。结论   实时图像引导系统在乳腺癌保乳术后放疗的应用可减少摆位误差,也能减少患者的心脏平均受量、肺脏平均受量,降低急性放射性皮肤反应发生率。
       Objective  To investigate and analysis the effects of image-guided radiation therapy on the positioning error of radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery for breast cancer.Methods  from September 2021 to December 2023,108 patients with breast cancer after breast conserving surgery in Anyang Cancer Hospital were selected as the study subjects.According to the principle of random envelope drawing,108 patients were divided into the real-time group of 54 patients and the control group of 54 patients.The observation time for radiotherapy in both groups was 3 months.The control group was given thermoplastic phantom positioning,while the real-time group was given image-guided radiation therapy positioning.The positioning errors and incidence of radiotherapy adverse reactions were recorded in both groups.Results  The error rates of registration results in the X-axis,Y-axis,and Z-axis directions of the real-time group were 1.85%,7.41% and 1.85%,respectively,which were significantly lower than the control group(14.81%,22.22% and 16.67%;χ 2 =5.939,P=0.015;χ 2 =4.696,P=0.030;χ 2 =7.053,P=0.008).The errors in the X-axis,Y-axis and Z-axis before the pendulum correction were greater than that in the control group(t=38.888,28.106,50.102,P<0.05),and there were no statistically significant difference in positioning errors compared between the two groups after positioning correction(P>0.05).The average cardiac and lung uptake during the 3-month period of real-time radiotherapy in the group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=49.942,13.996,P<0.001).The incidence of acute radiation-induced skin reactions during the 3-month period of real-time group radiotherapy was 3.70%,compared to 16.67% in the control group,the real-time group showed a significant decrease(χ 2 =4.960,P=0.026<0.05).Conclusions  The application of image-guided  radiation therapy in radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery for breast cancer can reduce the positioning error,the average cardiac and pulmonary dose,and the incidence of acute radiation skin reaction.
论著

腕踝针联合揿针治疗带状疱疹后遗痛的临床疗效观察

Clinical efficacy of wrist and ankle acupuncture combined with thumbtack needle in the treatment of postherpetic herpes zoster pain

:650-655
 
       目的   探究腕踝针联合揿针治疗带状疱疹后遗痛的临床疗效观察。方法   选取上海市黄浦区中西医结合医院2021年10月—2024年4月收治的80例带状疱疹后遗神经痛患者为研究对象,按随机数表法分为研究组、对照组,各40例。对照组采用口服甲钴胺治疗;研究组采用腕踝针联合揿针治疗。比较两组治疗疗效;治疗前后采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)与阿森斯失眠量表评分(AIS)、皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分(HAMA)。结果   研究组治疗总有效率为92.5%,对照组治疗总有效率为75%。比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后VAS、AIS均比治疗前改善,研究组VAS评分为(1.00±0.45)、AIS评分为(7.15±0.89),优于对照组VAS(2.15±0.36)和AIS(5.65±0.70),比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相较于治疗前,两组患者DLQI评分均有改善,研究组[休闲活动评分(1.73±0.45)、人际交往评分(1.13±0.34)、工作学习评分(0.94±0.25)、自觉症状评分(1.83±0.38)、日常活动评分(0.98±0.28)]优于对照组[休闲活动评分(2.06±0.40)、人际交往评分(1.81±0.39)、工作学习评分(1.08±0.38)、自觉症状评分(2.01±0.34)、日常活动评分(1.10±0.30)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者HAMD评分、HAMA评分,相较于治疗前均有改善,研究组HAMD评分为(34.63±2.61)、HAMA评分为(35.75±2.48),优于对照组HAMD评分(47.68±3.21)和HAMA评分(46.90±3.31),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论   腕踝针联合揿针治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛的临床疗效显著,可有效改善患者生活质量、疼痛程度、焦虑及抑郁程度,提升患者睡眠质量。
       Objective  To investigate the clinical efficacy of wrist and ankle acupuncture combined with thumbtack needle in the treatment of postherpetic herpes zoster pain.Methods  Eighty patients with postherpetic neuralgia admitted to Shanghai Huangpu District Hospital of Integrative Medicine from October 2021 to April 2024 were selected for the study,and were divided into a study group and a control group of 40 cases each according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with oral mecoblamin tables;the study group was treated with wrist and ankle acupuncture combined with thumbtack needle.The efficacy of treatment between the two groups was compared;before and after treatment,the visual analogue score(VAS)and Asens Insomnia Scale(AIS),Dermatological Quality of Life Index(DLQI),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)were compared.Results  The treatment efficiency was 92.5% in the study group and 75% in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).VAS scores and AIS scores of patients in both groups improved after treatment,and VAS score(1.00±0.45),AIS score(7.15±0.89)of the study group were better than VAS score(2.15±0.36),AIS score(5.65±0.70)of the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The DLQI scores of both groups improved after treatment,and the score of study group(leisure activity score[1.73±0.45],interpersonal interaction score[1.13±0.34],work-study score[0.94±0.25],self-perceived symptom score[1.83±0.38],daily activities score[0.98±0.28])were higher than those of the control group(leisure activity score[2.06±0.40],interpersonal score[1.81±0.39],work-study score[1.08±0.38],conscious symptom score[2.01±0.34],daily activity score[1.10±0.30]).The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).HAMD scores and HAMA scores of patients in both groups,showed significant improvement after treatment,and HAMD scores(34.63±2.61)and HAMA scores(35.75±2.48)of the study group were better than HAMD scores(47.68±3.21)and HAMA scores(46.90±3.31)of the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions  The clinical efficacy of wrist and ankle acupuncture combined with thumbtack needle in the treatment of postherpetic pain is remarkable,effectively improving the quality of life,pain,anxiety and depression,and enhancing the quality of sleep of patients.
论著

双极半髋关节置换术与全髋关节置换术对股骨颈骨折患者炎症因子水平及髋关节活动度的影响

Comparison of effects between bipolar hemihip replacement and total hip replacement on inflammatory factors and hip motion in patients with femoral neck fracture

:638-643
 
       目的   对比分析双极半髋关节置换术(BHA)与全髋关节置换术(THR)治疗股骨颈骨折(FNF)的效果。方法   回顾性收集北京中医药大学东直门医院洛阳医院2019年6月—2023年4月90例FNF患者临床资料,依照手术治疗方案差异分为两组,BHA组(45例)行BHA治疗,THR组(45例)行THR治疗,比较两组围术期指标、术前及术后3 d炎症因子水平、术后6个月髋关节活动度、术前及术后6个月生活质量[欧洲生活质量评分(EQ-5D评分)]。  THR组手术时间(108.76±15.33)min、下床活动时间(40.37±10.24)h、住院时间(19.02±5.11)d均较BHA组[(53.49±10.12)min、(25.92±7.15)h、(15.16±4.87)d]长(t分别为20.184、7.761、3.668,均P<0.05),术中失血量(318.69±35.14)mL、术后引流量(129.74±21.03)mL均较BHA组[(224.07±29.35)mL、(90.35±17.48)mL]多(t分别为13.863、9.663,均P<0.001);组间并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3 d,BHA组血清白细胞介素-1为(17.35±3.06)pg/L、白细胞介素-6为(24.82±4.31)pg/L、C-反应蛋白为(26.17±4.59)pg/L,低于THR组的(20.16±3.48)pg/L、(27.04±5.06)pg/L、(28.90±5.12)pg/L(t分别为4.068、2.241、2.663,均P<0.05);两组术后6个月髋关节内旋、屈曲、外旋、外展、内收活动度及EQ-5D评分对比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论  THR相比,BHA能减少FNF患者围术期失血量,降低术后炎症因子表达水平,缩短手术及下床活动时间,促进恢复。
      Objective  To compare and analyze the effects of bipolar hemihip replacement(BHA)and total  hip replacement(THR)in the treatment of femoral neck fracture(FNF).Methods  The clinical data of 90 patients with FNF in the Luoyang Hospital,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,from June 2019 to April 2023 were retrospectively collected.The patients were divided into two groups according to the difference in surgical treatment plan.The BHA group(45 cases)received BHA treatment,and the THR group(45 cases)received THR treatment.The perioperative indicators,preoperative and postoperative inflammatory factor levels,postoperative hip joint mobility at six months,preoperative and postoperative quality of life [European Quality of Life Scale(EQ-5D score)]were compared between the two groups.Results  The operation time(108.76±15.33)min,ambulation time(40.37±10.24)h,and hospitalization time(19.02±5.11)d in the  THR  group were longer than those in the BHA group [(53.49±10.12)min,(25.92±7.15)h,(15.16±4.87)d](t=20.184,8.630,3.668,respectively,all P<0.05).The intraoperative blood loss(318.69±35.14)mL and  postoperative  drainage volume(129.74±21.03)mL were both higher than those in the BHA group [(224.07±29.35)mL,(90.35±17.48)mL]t=13.863,9.663,respectively,all P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the groups(P>0.05).Three days after surgery,the serum levels of interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and C-reactive protein in the BHA group were(17.35±3.06)pg/L,(24.82±4.31)pg/L,and(26.17±4.59)pg/L,respectively,which were lower than those in the THR group(20.16±3.48)pg/L,(27.04±5.06)pg/L,and(28.90±5.12)pg/L(t=4.068,2.241,2.663,respectively,all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the range of motion of internal rotation,flexion,external rotation,abduction,and adduction of the hip joint and EQ-5D scores between the two groups at six months after surgery(all P>0.05).Conclusions  Compared with THR,BHA can reduce perioperative blood loss in FNF patients,reduce postoperative inflammatory factor expression level,shorten operation and ambulation time,and promote recovery.
论著

急性脑梗死静脉溶栓决策延迟影响因素

Factors influencing decision delays in intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke

:630-637
 
       目的   探讨影响急性脑梗死患者接受重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓治疗决策延迟的因素,并提出减少溶栓决策时间的建议。方法   采用回顾性分析方法,对泉州市第一医院2023年通过急诊收治的120例急性脑梗死患者及其家属的资料进行分析。根据溶栓决策时间,以5 min为界限,将患者分为非延迟组(62例)和延迟组(58例),并对两组资料进行比较分析。采用SPSS 23.0统计软件分析数据,运用t检验(针对连续变量)和χ 2 检验(针对分类变量)比较组间的差异。此外,通过Logistic回归分析,确定影响急性脑梗死患者静脉溶栓治疗决策的危险因素。结果   对比两组患者数据后发现,籍贯地区、冠心病史、外院转入、发病到入院时间以及决策家属数量比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步揭示,非泉州籍贯地区[OR(95%CI):9.29(2.21~38.97),P=0.002]、决策家属人数≥2人[OR(95%CI):18.73(5.96~58.80),P<0.001]、从外院转入[OR(95%CI):10.26(2.09~50.42),P=0.004]以及发病到入院时间3.0~4.5 h[OR(95%CI):4.09(1.45~11.48),P=0.008]是导致治疗决策延迟的独立危险因素。结论   患者非泉州籍贯地区、外院转入、溶栓决策家属人员≥2个、发病到入院时间3~4.5 h是溶栓决策延误的影响因素,提出优化卒中急诊抢救流程以及通过卒中宣教以缩短溶栓决策时间的建议。
       Objective  To investigate the factors influencing delays in decision-making for intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt-PA)in patients with acute cerebral infarction and to propose  recommendations for reducing thrombolysis decision-making time.Methods  A  retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the emergency department at Quanzhou First Hospital in 2023,including information from their families.Patients were divided into non-delay group (62 cases) and delay group (58 cases) based on a 5-minute threshold for thrombolysis decision-making time.Comparative analysis between the two groups was performed using SPSS 23.0 statistical software,with t-tests for continuous variables and χ 2  tests for categorical variables.Logistic  regression analysis was employed to identify  risk factors affecting decision-making for intravenous thrombolysis in these patients.Results  Statistical analysis  revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of native region,history of coronary heart disease,transfer from other hospitals,time from onset to hospital admission,and number of family members involved in decision-making(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression identified independent risk factors for delayed treatment decisions:non-Quanzhou native region (OR[95%CI]:9.29[2.21-38.97],P=0.002),having two or more decision-making family members (OR[95%CI]:18.73[5.96-58.80],P<0.001),transfer from other hospitals (OR[95%CI]:10.26[2.09-50.42],P=0.004),and a time from onset to hospital admission of 3-4.5 hours (OR[95%CI]:4.09[1.45-11.48],P=0.008).Conclusions  Factors  such as non-Quanzhou native region,transfer from other hospitals,having two or more family members involved in decision-making,and a time from onset to hospital admission of 3-4.5 hours are associated with delays in thrombolysis decision-making.Optimizing the emergency  rescue process for stroke and shortening the thrombolytic decision-making time through stroke education are suggested.
论著

可注射型载阿霉素水凝胶治疗胶质瘤的实验研究

Experimental study on the treatment of glioma with injectable doxorubicin hydrogel

:616-621
 
       目的   初步探讨可注射型载阿霉素水凝胶对胶质瘤的治疗作用。方法   使用透析法检测载阿霉素水凝胶在体外释放药物的情况。构建大鼠皮下C6胶质瘤模型,按不同给药途径分为空白对照组、经静脉注射组、水凝胶组。给药15 h后,经免疫荧光检测阿霉素在肿瘤内部的分布情况。给药7 d后,计算出各组的抑瘤率;并对肿瘤组织进行苏木精-伊红染色。结果   在体外,载阿霉素水凝胶具有缓释药物的性能。在体内,与经静脉给药相比,局部注射载阿霉素水凝胶使瘤内分布更多阿霉素,抑瘤率更高(42% vs 64%),肿瘤细胞坏死更明显。结论   载阿霉素水凝胶可为胶质瘤局部化学治提供新的载体。
      Objective  To investigate the therapeutic effect of injectable doxorubicin-containing hydrogel on glioma.Methods  The release of doxorubicin hydrogel in vitro was detected by dialysis.The subcutaneous C6 glioma model of  rats was constructed and divided into blank control group,intravenous injection group and hydrogel group according to different administration methods.The distribution of doxorubicin in the tumor was detected by immunofluorescence 15 hours after administration.After 7 days of administration,the tumor inhibition rate of each group was calculated.The tumor tissue was stained with hematoxylin eosin.Results  In vitro,doxorubicin-containing hydrogels had sustained drug release properties.In vivo,compared with intravenous administration,local injection of doxorubicin-containing hydrogel resulted in more doxorubicin distribution,higher tumor inhibition rate(42% vs 64%)and more obvious tumor cell necrosis.Conclusions  Doxorubicin-containing hydrogel can provide a new carrier 
for local chemotherapy of glioma.
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