小柴胡汤是《伤寒杂病论》中的一首经典方剂,是和解法的基础方,后世将其广泛用于治疗妇科疾病。本研究旨在通过文献检索,探讨小柴胡汤在治疗妇科疾病方面的有效性及其应用的最新进展。文章综述了小柴胡汤在治疗妇科痛证、血证、带下证、块证等相关疾病方面的临床研究和实践经验。小柴胡汤通过其疏肝利胆、健运脾胃、和解枢机的作用,有效改善了女性痛经、盆腔炎性疾病、月经不调、妇科肿瘤、围绝经期综合征等妇科疾病症状。作为临床常用的妇科学方剂,小柴胡汤亟需进一步的发扬与创新,以期更有效地应用于未来的临床实践。
Xiaochaihu Decoction,as a classic prescription in the Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases,laid the foundation for reconciliation.It has a wide range of applications in the treatment of gynecological diseases.Through a literature search,this study aimed to explore the effectiveness of Xiaochaihu Decoction in the treatment of gynecological diseases and the latest progress of its application.This article reviews the clinical research and practical experience of Xiaochaihu Decoction in the treatment of gynecological pain,bleeding,leucorrhea disease,tumors and other related diseases.Xiaochaihu Decoction has effectively improved the symptoms of gynecological diseases such as dysmenorrhea,pelvic inflammatory disease,menstrual irregularities,gynecological tumors,and perimenopausal syndrome through its role of soothing the liver and promoting bile flow,strengthening the spleen and stomach,and harmonizing and releasing the pivot.As a commonly used gynecological prescription in clinical practice,Xiaochaihu Decoction urgently needs to be further developed and innovated to be more effectively applied to clinical practice in the future.
目的 探讨术前静注艾司氯胺酮在腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者中的应用效果。方法 前瞻性分析2024年1月—2025年4月在厦门市中医院行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者的临床资料,根据随机数字表法将患者分为两组:对照组40例,术前5 min予5 mL生理盐水;观察组40例,术前5 min予以0.25 mg/kg艾司氯胺酮(以生理盐水配置成5 mL)。比较围术期指标、炎症因子、负性情绪、疼痛情况、不良反应。结果 观察组的手术时间、麻醉时间、术中出血量分别为(213.54±64.22)min、(240.67±81.26)min、(141.31±45.03)mL,与对照组的(210.43±65.71)min、(244.25±81.33)min、(137.64±42.75)mL比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=0.214、0.197、0.374,P均>0.05),而观察组丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量分别为(1 075.52±134.37)mg、(1 267.18±242.26)μg,虽然低于对照组的(1?126.64±150.21)mg、(1 352.50±295.14)μg,但差异也无统计学意义(t=1.604、1.413,P均>0.05);观察组在术后24 h的肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-6、C反应蛋白水平分别为(54.52±9.64)pg/mL、(40.08±7.75)pg/mL、(30.38±6.93)mg/L,均低于对照组的(77.31±10.86)pg/mL、(56.35±9.47)pg/mL、(43.73±7.61)mg/L(t=9.926、8.409、8.203,P均<0.05);术后1 d的焦虑、抑郁自评量表评分及术后1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h咳嗽时的疼痛视觉模拟量表评分分别为(51.92±4.41)分、(53.96±4.47)分、(3.59±1.14)分、(3.06±1.01)分、(2.89±0.91)分、(2.57±0.76)分,均低于对照组的(55.06±5.12)分、(57.21±5.19)分、(4.27±1.36)分、(3.68±1.18)分、(3.41±1.06)分、(2.96±0.92)分(t=2.939、3.001、2.423、2.525、2.329、2.067,P均<0.05),但两组术后48 h咳嗽时疼痛视觉模拟量表评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组术后不良反应发生率也无显著差异(P<0.05)。结论 在腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术术前静注艾司氯胺酮可有效降低术后炎症反应水平,减轻术后疼痛,缓解术后负性情绪,且不会增加患者术后不良反应发生率。
Objective To explore the application effect of preoperative intravenous injection of esketamine in patients undergoing laproscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of patient who underwent laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer in Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2024 to April 2025 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to the random number table method:40 cases in the control group were given 5 mL saline,five minutes before operation,40 cases in the observation group were treated with 0.25 mg / kg esketamine(in 5 mL saline)five minutes before operation.The perioperative indicators,inflammatory factors,negative emotions,pain and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results The operation time,anesthesia time and intraoperative blood loss of the observation group were(213.54±64.22)min,(240.67±81.26)min and(141.31±45.03)mL,respectively,which were not significantly different from those of the control group(210.43±65.71)min,(244.25±81.33)min and(137.64±42.75)mL(t=0.214,0.197,0.374,all P>0.05).The dosage of propofol and remifentanil in the observation group were(1 075.52±134.37)mg and(1 267.18±242.26)μg,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group of (1126.64±150.21)mg and(1352.50±295.14)μg,but the difference was not statistically significant(t=1.604,1.413,P>0.05).The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in the observation group at 24 h after operation were(54.52±9.64)pg / mL,(40.08±7.75)pg / mL and(30.38±6.93)mg / L,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group of (77.31±10.86)pg / ml,(56.35±9.47)pg / mL and 43.73±7.61)mg / L(t=9.926,8.409,8.203,all P<0.05).The scores of Anxiety and Depression Self-Rating Scale at 1 day after operation and the scores of pain visual analogue scale at 1 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h after operation were(51.92±4.41),(53.96±4.47),(3.59±1.14),(3.06±1.01),(2.89±0.91) and(2.57±0.76),respectively,which were lower than those of the control group(55.06±5.12),(57.21±5.19),(4.27±1.36),(3.68±1.18),(3.41±1.06) and(2.96±0.92)(t=2.939,3.001,2.423,2.525,2.329,2.067,P<0.05).However,no significant difference was observed in cough-related VAS scores between the groups at 48 h postoperatively(P>0.05).Adverse event rates showed no significance in two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Preoperative administration of esketamine in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery can attenuate postoperative inflammation,decrease pain,mitigate negative emotions,without increasing the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions.
目的 探讨顺行输尿管软镜治疗特殊类型输尿管中下段梗阻的临床疗效。方法 分析2024年1月至2026年5月广东省中西医结合医院收治了20例特殊类型输尿管中下段梗阻患者的临床资料,对患者手术时间、术前和术后的血红蛋白、肾积水及随访情况进行分析。结果 所有患者均一期完成手术,手术时间为(75.5±16.4)分钟,术前与术后第一天血红蛋白对比,有一定差异(t=6.141,P<0.05),术前与术后1个月患侧肾积液对比,肾积液明显改善(t=3.937,P<0.05)。结论 经皮肾通道顺行输尿管软镜治疗特殊类型输尿管中下段梗阻具有微创、安全、有效、并发症少、术后恢复快等优点,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of antegrade flexible ureteroscopy in treating special types of middle and lower ureteral obstruction. Methods From January 2024 to May 2026, clinical data of 20 patients with special types of middle and lower ureteral obstruction admitted to Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were analyzed. The operation time, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels, hydronephrosis, and follow-up conditions of the patients were analyzed. Results All patients underwent successful single-stage surgery, with an average operative time of (75.5 ± 16.4) minutes. There was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels between preoperatively and on the first postoperative day (t = 6.141, P < 0.05). Hydronephrosis on the affected side showed marked improvement when comparing preoperative and one-month postoperative conditions (t = 3.937, P < 0.05). Conclusions Antegrade flexible ureteroscopy via percutaneous nephrostomy tract is a minimally invasive, safe, effective, and well-tolerated approach for treating special types of middle and lower ureteral obstruction, with few complications and rapid postoperative recovery, making it worthy of clinical promotion and application.
目的 探讨顺行输尿管软镜治疗特殊类型输尿管中下段梗阻的临床疗效。方法 分析2024年1月至2026年5月广东省中西医结合医院收治了20例特殊类型输尿管中下段梗阻患者的临床资料,对患者手术时间、术前和术后的血红蛋白、肾积水及随访情况进行分析。结果 所有患者均一期完成手术,手术时间为(75.5±16.4)分钟,术前与术后第一天血红蛋白对比,有一定差异(t=6.141,P<0.05),术前与术后1个月患侧肾积液对比,肾积液明显改善(t=3.937,P<0.05)。结论 经皮肾通道顺行输尿管软镜治疗特殊类型输尿管中下段梗阻具有微创、安全、有效、并发症少、术后恢复快等优点,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of antegrade flexible ureteroscopy in treating special types of middle and lower ureteral obstruction. Methods From January 2024 to May 2026, clinical data of 20 patients with special types of middle and lower ureteral obstruction admitted to Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were analyzed. The operation time, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels, hydronephrosis, and follow-up conditions of the patients were analyzed. Results All patients underwent successful single-stage surgery, with an average operative time of (75.5 ± 16.4) minutes. There was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels between preoperatively and on the first postoperative day (t = 6.141, P < 0.05). Hydronephrosis on the affected side showed marked improvement when comparing preoperative and one-month postoperative conditions (t = 3.937, P < 0.05). Conclusions Antegrade flexible ureteroscopy via percutaneous nephrostomy tract is a minimally invasive, safe, effective, and well-tolerated approach for treating special types of middle and lower ureteral obstruction, with few complications and rapid postoperative recovery, making it worthy of clinical promotion and application.
目的 探讨寒湿痹颗粒联合柳氮磺吡啶对强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者临床疗效、症状程度、脊柱功能、炎性因子、趋化因子的影响。方法 选取我院2023年7月-2025年6月收治的114例AS患者作为研究对象,依据随机数字表分成两组,每组57例。西药组行柳氮磺吡啶治疗,中药联合组行寒湿痹颗粒联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗。治疗3个月后,比较两组疗效、症状程度[Bath强直性脊柱炎疾病活动指数(BASDAI)]、脊柱功能[Bath强直性脊柱炎功能指数(BASFI)、Bath强直性脊柱炎计量学指数(BASMI)]、炎症因子[白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]、趋化因子[胸腺活化调节趋化因子(TARC)、干扰素γ诱导蛋白10(IP-10)]及不良反应。结果 治疗3个月后,中药联合组治疗有效率为94.74%,高于西药组的78.95%(P<0.05);中药联合组BASDAI评分、BASFI评分、BASMI评分、血清IL-1β、TNF-α、TARC、IP-10水平均低于西药组(P<0.05);治疗期间,中药联合组不良反应发生率为7.02%,与西药组的3.51%比较,无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论 寒湿痹颗粒联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗AS患者效果显著,能有效改善临床症状,抑制炎性反应,改善趋化因子水平,促进脊柱功能恢复,且具有较高的用药安全性。
目的 探讨胸腔镜辅助下经左胸小切口微创直接冠状动脉旁路移植术(MIDCAB)治疗前降支单支病变的临床效果及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2022年1月至2024年6月收治的86例前降支单支病变患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为MIDCAB组(n=44)和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)组(n=42)。比较两组围术期指标、并发症发生率及随访12个月的主要心脑血管不良事件(MACCE)发生率。结果 MIDCAB组手术时间长于PCI组[(178.35±25.42)min vs (72.18±15.36)min,P<0.001],但术后靶血管再次血运重建率低于PCI组(2.27% vs 14.29%,P=0.042)。两组术后12个月MACCE发生率差异无统计学意义(4.55% vs 11.90%,P=0.213)。MIDCAB组术后24 h引流量为(285.63±98.47)mL,呼吸机使用时间为(16.35±8.42)h,住院时间为(9.23±3.18)d。结论 MIDCAB治疗前降支单支病变安全有效,具有创伤小、恢复快、远期再血运重建率低的优势,可作为前降支单支病变的优选治疗策略之一。
目的 探讨胸腔镜辅助下经左胸小切口微创直接冠状动脉旁路移植术(MIDCAB)治疗前降支单支病变的临床效果及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2022年1月至2024年6月收治的86例前降支单支病变患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为MIDCAB组(n=44)和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)组(n=42)。比较两组围术期指标、并发症发生率及随访12个月的主要心脑血管不良事件(MACCE)发生率。结果 MIDCAB组手术时间长于PCI组[(178.35±25.42)min vs (72.18±15.36)min,P<0.001],但术后靶血管再次血运重建率低于PCI组(2.27% vs 14.29%,P=0.042)。两组术后12个月MACCE发生率差异无统计学意义(4.55% vs 11.90%,P=0.213)。MIDCAB组术后24 h引流量为(285.63±98.47)mL,呼吸机使用时间为(16.35±8.42)h,住院时间为(9.23±3.18)d。结论 MIDCAB治疗前降支单支病变安全有效,具有创伤小、恢复快、远期再血运重建率低的优势,可作为前降支单支病变的优选治疗策略之一。
目的 探讨64排螺旋CT三维重建、数字X线成像单独及联合应用对老年膝关节隐匿性骨折的诊断价值。方法 前瞻性选取2022年1月—2025年1月我院收治的128例疑似膝关节隐匿性骨折的老年患者为研究对象,均行MRI、64排螺旋CT三维重建、数字X线成像检查,以MRI诊断结果为“金标准”,确诊阳性97例,阴性31例。比较分析64排螺旋CT三维重建、数字X线成像单独及联合对患者膝关节隐匿性骨折的诊断价值;分析二者单独及联合应用对患者膝关节软组织损伤、水平错位、骨折塌陷的检出情况。结果 64排螺旋CT三维重建联合数字X线成像诊断膝关节隐匿性骨折的准确度为89.84%、灵敏度为96.91%、阴性预测值为87.50%高于二者单独诊断的准确度76.69%、76.56%,灵敏度81.44%、78.35%,阴性预测值56.10%、51.16%,漏诊率3.09%低于二者单独诊断的18.56%、21.65%,64排螺旋CT三维重建联合数字X线成像诊断膝关节隐匿性骨折的Kappa值为0.700,高于二者单独诊断的0.501、0.436(P<0.05);64排螺旋CT三维重建联合数字X线成像对膝关节软组织损伤、水平错位、骨折塌陷的检出率高于二者单独诊断(P<0.05)。结论 64排螺旋CT三维重建联合数字X线成像可提高老年膝关节隐匿性骨折的诊断效能,且能更清晰显示骨折伴随的水平错位、塌陷及软组织损伤,为临床诊断老年膝关节隐匿性骨折提供参考。
探讨改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后留置尿管患者临床的影响。方法 选取2025年2月7日—2025年10 月10日我院妇科腹腔镜手术术后留置尿管患者60例为研究对象。本研究采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为对照组与观察组,两组各纳入30例。比较两组首次拔管尿路疼痛评价、首次排尿时间、患者尿潴留例数。结果 观察组首次拔尿管尿路疼痛程度显著低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组首次排尿时间显著少于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察两组尿潴留发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 本次研究采用改良后的尿管拔除方法,虽未明显降低妇科腹腔镜术后患者的尿潴留发生率,但能有效降低拔尿管时患者的不适感 ,减少尿道损伤,缓解疼痛,加快患者自主排尿,具有积极临床实践意义。
探讨改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后留置尿管患者临床的影响。方法 选取2025年2月7日—2025年10 月10日我院妇科腹腔镜手术术后留置尿管患者60例为研究对象。本研究采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为对照组与观察组,两组各纳入30例。比较两组首次拔管尿路疼痛评价、首次排尿时间、患者尿潴留例数。结果 观察组首次拔尿管尿路疼痛程度显著低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组首次排尿时间显著少于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察两组尿潴留发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 本次研究采用改良后的尿管拔除方法,虽未明显降低妇科腹腔镜术后患者的尿潴留发生率,但能有效降低拔尿管时患者的不适感 ,减少尿道损伤,缓解疼痛,加快患者自主排尿,具有积极临床实践意义
目的 分析丹珍头痛胶囊联合疏肝调神针法治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛患者的效果。方法 回顾性收集我院2023年8月~2025年4月148例肝阳上亢型偏头痛患者临床资料,依照治疗方案不同分为两组,各74例。对照组接受疏肝调神针法治疗,观察组接受丹珍头痛胶囊联合疏肝调神针法治疗,比较两组疗效、治疗前后临床症状[中医证候积分、发作情况(发作次数、持续时间、疼痛程度)]、睡眠质量[匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)评分]、炎性相关因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)]水平、安全性(不良事件、不良反应)。结果 观察组总有效率较对照组高(P<0.05);治疗后,两组临床症状均减轻,且观察组中医证候积分较对照组低,发作次数较对照组少,持续时间较对照组短,疼痛程度较对照组低(P<0.05);治疗后,两组睡眠质量均提升,且观察组PSQI评分较对照组低(P<0.05);与治疗前相比,两组治疗后血清TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1均降低,IL-10均升高,且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗期间均未发生断针等不良事件及恶心呕吐等不良反应。结论 丹珍头痛胶囊联合疏肝调神针法治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛患者,能有效改善临床症状,提高睡眠质量,调节炎性相关因子水平。