目的 研究非酒精性脂肪肝老年人体质辨识及中医治未病服务对其治疗效果。方法 选择2023年1月—2024年1月贵州中医药大学第一附属医院就诊的非酒精性脂肪性肝病老年患者70例作为研究对象,根据患者就诊顺序分配为两组。对照组35例,接受常规干预;观察组35例,其在对照组基础上予中医“治未病”理念下体质辨识干预模式。比较两组干预效果,以及干预前后血脂水平、肝功能、生存质量的变化。结果 观察组的治疗总有效率91.43%,高于对照组的68.57%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组各项血脂水平、肝功能、慢性肝病问卷(CLDQ)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组各项血脂水平优于治疗前,各项肝功能低于治疗前,CLDQ评分高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组的各项血脂水平优于对照组,各项肝功能低于对照组,CLDQ评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对非酒精性脂肪性肝病老年患者而言,中医“治未病”理念下体质辨识干预服务能够提高其治疗效果,调节血脂水平的异常,改善肝功能及生存质量,值得应用。
Objective To study the physical identification of nonalcoholic fatty liver in the elderly and the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine on preventing disease before arising.Methods A total of 70 elderly patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study objects.Patients were assigned to two groups,control group(35 cases)received routine intervention,observation group(35 cases)received physical identification intervention based on preventing disease before arising of traditional Chinese medicine additionally.The effect of intervention and the changes of blood lipid levels,liver function and quality of life before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 91.43%,higher than that of the control group(68.57%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences in blood lipid levels,liver function and CLDQ scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of blood lipids were better than those before treatment,liver function was lower than that before treatment,CLDQ score was higher than that before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the blood lipid levels of the observation group was better than that of the control group,the liver function was lower than that of the control group,and the CLDQ score was higher than that of the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusions For elderly patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,the intervention service of body constitution identification under the concept of preventing disease before arising of traditional Chinese medicine can improve the therapeutic effect,regulate the abnormal blood lipid levels,improve liver function and quality of life,which is worthy of application.
目的 系统评价护士的护理伦理敏感性现状及影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。方法 检索国内外相关数据库,检索时限为2024年7月护士的护理伦理敏感性现状及影响因素的相关文献。由两名分析人员独立筛选文献、提取资料、质量评价后采用Stata 15.0和RevMan 5.3软件进行meta分析。结果 纳入16篇文献,包括4 961例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示,护士的护理伦理敏感性处于中等偏高水平,总分为[OR=67.29,95%CI(53.24,81.34)]分。年龄[OR=2.78,95%CI(1.45,5.33),P=0.002]、工作年限[OR=3.55,95%CI(1.35,9.33),P=0.001]、伦理知识教育[OR=14.60,95%CI(4.24,50.32),P<0.001]、共情能力[OR=1.35,95%CI(1.01,1.80),P<0.001]、工作场所氛围[OR=1.85,95%CI(0.42,4.51),P<0.001]、工作嵌入量[OR=3.60,95%CI(0.40,32.84),P=0.001]是护士护理伦理敏感性的主要影响因素。结论 当前证据表明,护士的护理伦理敏感性处于中等偏高水平,影响因素较多,管理者需结合人群特征实施干预,以提高护士护理伦理敏感性水平。
Objective To systematically evaluate the current status of nurses’ ethical sensitivity in nursing and influencing factors that influence it,in order to inform targeted interventions.Methods Domestic and international databases were searched to collect literature related to the current status of nurses’ ethical sensitivity in nursing and the factors influencing it from the year of construction to July 2024.Meta-analysis was performed by two analysts independently screening the literature,extracting information,and quality evaluation using Stata 15.0 and RevMan 5.3 software.Results Sixteen papers including 4 961 study subjects were included.Meta-analysis results showed that nurses had moderately high level of ethical sensitivity in nursing with a total score of 67.29(95%CI[53.24,81.34]).Age(OR=2.78,95%CI[1.45,5.33],P=0.002),years of experience(OR=3.55,95%CI[1.35,9.33],P=0.001),education on ethical knowledge(OR=14.60,95%CI[4.24,50.32],P<0.001),and empathic ability(OR=1.35,95%CI[1.01,1.80],P<0.001),workplace atmosphere(OR=1.85,95%CI[0.42,4.51],P<0.001),and the amount of job embeddedness(OR=3.60,95%CI[0.40,32.84],P=0.001) were the main influences on nurses’ ethical sensitivity in nursing.Conclusions The previous evidence suggests that nurses have moderately high levels of nursing ethical sensitivity,with a high number of influencing factors,and managers need to give interventions that incorporate the characteristics of the population in order to increase the level of nursing ethical sensitivity among nurses.
目的 免疫球蛋白A肾病(IgAN)与炎症性肠病(IBD)的相互作用机制尚未阐明。本研究旨在解析IBD与IgAN共病的关键特征基因及核心信号通路,以揭示肠-肾轴的分子调控网络。方法 于GEO数据库获取IBD(GSE75214)和IgAN(GSE93798)基因表达谱,筛选差异表达基因(DEGs)。通过蛋白互作网络(PPI)和拓扑算法(MCC、MNC、Degree、EPC等)识别核心特征基因,并结合公共数据库(CTD、DISEASES和GeneCards)和单细胞转录组测序(GSE171314)进行验证。通过Nephroseq数据库验证基因表达与临床表型的相关性。结果 共筛选出17个IBD-IgAN共病DEGs,PPI网络分析等确定以FOS、EGR1、CXCL2和JUNB为核心特征基因。功能富集分析显示白细胞介素-17(IL-17)信号通路显著激活。单细胞测序验证FOS、EGR1、CXCL2和JUNB基因在IgAN特异性高表达,并通过Nephroseq数据库验证其与尿蛋白和估算的肾小球滤过率下降(eGFR)显著相关。结论 本研究揭示IBD与IgAN共享IL-17通路异常激活及FOS、EGR1、CXCL2和JUNB的基因网络,为开发基于肠-肾轴调控的靶向治疗策略提供理论依据。
Objective The complex interplay between immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)remains poorly understood.This study aimed to identify key cross-talk genes and pivotal signaling pathways shared between IBD and IgAN,thereby elucidating the molecular regulatory network underlying the gut-kidney axis.Methods Transcriptomic datasets for IBD(GSE75214)and IgAN(GSE93798)were retrieved from the GEO database.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened,and shared DEGs were intersected.Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks were constructed using STRING and Cytoscape,with topological algorithms applied to identify hub genes.Gene expression profiles were validated through(CTD,DISEASES and GeneCards)and single-cell RNA sequencing(GSE171314)and the Nephroseq database,focusing on clinical correlations with proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR).Results Seventeen shared DEGs were identified between IBD and IgAN.PPI network analysis revealed FOS,EGR1,CXCL2 and JUNB as core hub genes.Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated significant activation of the interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathway.Single-cell sequencing confirmed the specific upregulation of these genes in renal tubular epithelial cells of IgAN patients,which was further validated to correlate with proteinuria and eGFR decline.Conclusions IBD and IgAN share aberrant activation of the IL-17 pathway and a co-regulatory gene network involving FOS,EGR1,CXCL2 and JUNB,providing a theoretical foundation for developing therapeutic strategies centered on the gut-kidney axis.
目的 针对孤独症多模态证据融合与定量化辨识的关键问题,本研究提出基于图卷积神经网络(GCN)的孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)诊断模型研究思路。方法 通过对来源于ABIDE的ASD儿童脑部fMRI数据进行整理和筛选,提取脑区功能连接矩阵作为图结构的邻接矩阵,并融合临床表型数据,构建了ASD多模态关联网络。通过网络特征比较分析,识别出了ASD与典型发育组的脑功能连接网络组间差异。进一步地构建一个端到端的GCN模型,并尝试引入注意力机制,提高模型决策的可解释性。结果 该模型在诊断性能指标优于传统机器学习方法(准确率=0.710,精确率=0.709,召回率=0.780,F1=0.743,曲线下面积=0.746)。背侧注意网络与边缘系统-颞极枢纽的功能连接减弱是模型做出判断的最主要依据。结论 以异质图为多模态数据整合的基本架构,本模型为ASD的潜在病理机制探索提供了新的方法学范例。
Objective To develop a quantitative model for autism spectrum disorder(ASD)integration multimodal evidences.Methods The fMRI dataset from ABIDE was used for extracting connectivity function network of ASD after data preprocessing.Difference between ASD and typical development about their brain connectivity function was evaluated with t-test.Integrating phenotypic data and fMRI dataset,an graph convolutional neural network (GCN)with attention module was estimated and compared against benchmark models about their efficiency and interpretability.Results The GCN model was evaluated outperformed other models with better accuracy indices.And regions from Dorsal Attention Network and Limbic-Temporal Pole were ranked as the highest weights for the differentiation in the model.Conclusions This study provided a novel paradigm for quantitative diagnosis and exploring pathogenesis of ASD.
述情障碍(alexithymia)是一种主要表现为难以识别和描述情绪情感、社交依附和人际交往能力匮乏的人格特质与心理特征。近年来,述情障碍的发生在青少年群体中日益普遍,这不仅对青少年的身心健康造成威胁,还给家庭与社会带来沉重负担。因此,本研究通过系统回顾国内外相关文献,综述青少年述情障碍的评估工具、影响因素及干预方式,旨在为青少年述情障碍的早期识别与预防,以及干预措施的制定与应用提供参考依据。
Alexithymia is a psychological trait characterized by difficulty in identifying and describing emotional feelings,as well as deficits in social attachment and interpersonal communication skills.In recent years,the prevalence of alexithymia among adolescents has become increasingly common,posing significant threats to their physical and mental health and imposing a heavy burden on families and society.This study conducts a systematic review of relevant literature from domestic and international databases to examine the influencing factors,assessment tools,and intervention strategies for adolescent alexithymia.The findings aim to provide a reference for early identification,prevention,and the development and application of targeted interventions for adolescentalexithymia.
动脉粥样硬化(AS)是一种起始于炎症介导的内皮损伤的慢性血管疾病,其本质是免疫炎症驱动的病理过程,是众多心血管疾病的病理基础。CD4+ T细胞亚群[包括辅助性T细胞1型(T helper 1 cell,Th1)、Th2、Th17、调节性T细胞等]通过分泌特异性细胞因子参与AS的炎症反应,其中促炎性CD4+ T细胞与抗炎性CD4+ T细胞的抗炎功能失衡是推动斑块进展的关键环节,在AS斑块形成与发展中起关键作用。近年来,多项研究表明某些中药单体、经典复方及其有效成分,具有多靶点、多层次机制调控CD4+ T细胞分化及功能,这些作用共同减轻血管内皮炎症反应、抑制巨噬细胞泡沫化及平滑肌细胞迁移等,延缓AS斑块形成与发展,为AS防治提供了新思路,展现了中医药在该领域的研究展现出独特优势与广阔前景,本文综述了中医药通过干预CD4+ T细胞亚群平衡防治AS的最新研究进展,及其影响相关细胞因子网络及关键信号通路的作用机制,为开发具有多靶点协同优势的创新中药与中西医结合治疗方案提供了关键理论依据与实践方向。
Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic vascular disease that originates from inflammation mediated endothelialdamage.Its essence is a pathological process driven by immune inflammation,and it is the pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases.CD4+ T cell subsets(including Th1,Th2,Th17,Treg,etc.)participate in the inflammatory response of AS by secreting specific cytokines.The imbalance of anti-inflammatory function between pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells and anti-inflammatory CD4+T cells is a key link in promoting plaque progression and playing a crucial role in the formation and development of AS plaques.In recent years,a number of studies have shown that the monomers,classic prescriptions and their effective ingredients of Chinese herbs have the effect of multi-target,multi-level mechanism to regulate the differentiation and function of CD4+ T cells.These effects together reduce the inflammatory reaction of vascular endothelium,inhibit the foam formation of macrophages and smooth muscle cell migration,delay the formation and development of AS plaque,provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AS,and make the research of Chinese medicine show unique advantages and broad prospects in this field.This article reviews the latest research progress of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of AS by intervening in the balance of CD4+ T cell subsets,as well as the mechanism of its effects on related cytokine networks and key signal pathways.This provides a key theoretical basis and practical direction for the development of innovative traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment plans with multi-target synergistic advantages.
目的 通过总结分析我国华东五省市紧密型城市医疗集团的实践经验,为全面推进紧密型城市医疗集团建设,促进区域内医疗资源的优化整合和高效利用提供借鉴和参考。方法 采用内容分析法从责权协同、资源协同、业务协同和机制协同四个维度对上海闵行、浙江湖州、江苏淮安、安徽铜陵、山东青岛五个紧密型医疗集团建设的实践经验进行梳理和对比分析。结果 各地区医疗集团建设总体具备政府主导,集团共建,一体化管理、同质化服务等紧密型医疗集团特点,但存在权责归属失配、利益分配机制缺失、信息化建设不均衡、基层服务能力不足、一体化管理不全面、机制协同有待加强等问题。结论 建议通过完善治理体系、均衡利益分配、强化数字赋能、推进强基提能、落实配套政策等措施,切实推动紧密型城市医疗集团高质量发展。
Objective To summarize and analyze the practical experience of compact city medical groups in five provinces and cities in East China,for reference of promoting the construction of compact city medical groups,and promoting the optimization,integration and efficient utilization of medical resources in the region.Methods The content analysis method was used to sort out and compare the practical experience of building such compact medical groups in Shanghai Minhang,Zhejiang Huzhou,Jiangsu Huai’an,Anhui Tongling and Shandong Qingdao from the four dimensions of responsibility and power synergy,resource synergy,business synergy and mechanism synergy.Results Such medical groups are characterized by government-led,group co-construction,integrated management,and homogeneous services.However,there are such problems as mismatched ownership of rights and responsibilities,lack of interest distribution mechanism,unbalanced information construction,insufficient primary service capacity,incomplete integrated management,and mechanism coordination to be strengthened.Conclusions It is recommended to effectively promote the high-quality development of compact city medical groups by improving the governance system,balancing the distribution of interests,strengthening digital empowerment,promoting the strengthening of energy,and implementing supporting policies.
主动脉外科已走过70年的辉煌岁月,现有诊疗体系已基本解决“挽救患者生命”的重要时代议题。如今,新一轮科技革命悄然来临,我国主动脉外科广大同仁应主动转变以“量”取胜的传统观念,寻找学科内容不足,明确诊疗环节短板,提炼问题底层逻辑,以“质”换空间,扩展学科边界。学科发展更应秉持开放包容之心态,坚持守正创新之原则,借助不同学科技术优势,努力解决目前诊疗活动各环节中仍存在的问题及争议点,为我国广大人民群众提供精细化的诊疗服务。
For the past 70 years of aortic surgery,the current diagnosis and treatment strategies have generally solved the important issue of “saving lives”.Nowadays,the new scientific and technological revolution is coming.The practitioners in aortic surgery should change the traditional perception and look for the insufficiency and the shortcomings of diagnosis and treatment,which finally expand the boundaries of the discipline.Moreover,the discipline development shall be more open-minded and persist in innovation.We should take the advantages of different discipline technologies,and strive to solve the current issues and controversies remaining in diagnosis and treatment toward providing refined services for the public.
目的 探讨医院药房外包代煎代送服务的质量管理。方法 成立中药代煎质量控制管理小组,研究给出完善质量控制体系的策略,涉及建立标准化操作流程、加强人员培训、优化信息化管理系统以及健全监督评估机制。结果 通过对中药库房的采购、入库验收、在库管理、调剂环节的审方、调剂、煎药质量管理以及物流、发药人员全流程管理,提高了患者的满意度,更多的患者选择了中药代煎服务。结论 实施有效的质量控制措施可提高代煎代送服务的质量,为医院药房提升服务质量给予理论依据与实践指导。
Objective To explore quality management of outsourced decoction preparation and delivery services in hospital pharmacies.Methods A quality control management team for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoction preparation was established to develop strategies for improving the quality control system.These strategies involved establishing standardized operating procedures,strengthening personnel training,optimizing the information management system,and improving the supervision and evaluation mechanism.Results Through comprehensive process management,covering procurement,warehouse acceptance,inventory management,prescription review in the dispensing stage,dispensing itself,quality control of decoction preparation,logistics,and management of dispensing personnel,patient satisfaction was enhanced,leading more patients to opt for the TCM decoction service.Conclusions Implementing effective quality control measures can improve the quality of decoction preparation and delivery services,providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for hospital pharmacies to enhance their service quality.
目的 残余胆固醇(RC)是反映动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常的重要指标,其在糖尿病合并冠心病患者中的临床意义尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨RC水平对糖尿病合并冠心病患者心力衰竭风险的预测价值,并分析其相关性。方法 本研究为回顾性横断面研究,纳入2021年1月—2024年1月期间在鹤壁市人民医院接受诊治的292例糖尿病合并冠心病患者。根据是否存在心力衰竭分为心力衰竭组(128例)和无心力衰竭组(164例)。对基线特征进行比较,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析RC与心力衰竭的相关性。同时,通过限制性立方样条(RCS)分析探讨RC与心力衰竭风险的线性关系,并通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线和曲线下面积(AUC)评估RC的预测价值。结果 心力衰竭组患者的男性比例、高血压患病率、RC水平等高于无心力衰竭组,而估算肾小球滤过率水平显著降低(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,RC>0.7 mmol/L显著增加心力衰竭风险(OR=1.854,95%CI:1.161~2.960,P=0.010)。多因素Logistic回归分析中,全调整模型结果显示,RC作为分类变量时,RC>0.7 mmol/L的患者心力衰竭风险显著增加1.891倍(OR=1.891,95%CI:1.047~3.415,P=0.035);作为连续变量时,RC每增加1单位,心力衰竭风险增加2.464倍(OR=2.464,95%CI:1.495~4.064,P<0.001);Log10RC的风险比为6.411(95%CI:2.246~18.302,P=0.001);标化RC的风险比为1.687(95%CI:1.262~2.255,P<0.001)。限制性立方样条分析表明RC与心力衰竭风险呈线性正相关,ROC分析显示RC预测心力衰竭的AUC为0.621(95%CI:0.555~0.687,P<0.001)。结论 RC水平与糖尿病合并冠心病患者心力衰竭风险显著相关,且呈线性正相关。RC具有一定的预测价值,可作为该人群心力衰竭风险评估的潜在指标。
Objective Residual cholesterol(RC)is an important marker reflecting dyslipidemia associated with atherosclerosis.Its clinical significance in patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease(CHD)remains unclear.To explore the predictive value of RC level for the risk of heart failure(HF)in patients with diabetes and CHD and analyze their association.Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included 292 patients with diabetes and CHD who were treated at Hebi People’s Hospital between January 2021 and January 2024.Patients were divided into the HF group(128 cases)and the non-HF group(164 cases)based on the presence of HF.Baseline characteristics were compared,and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between RC and HF.Additionally,restricted cubic spline(RCS)analysis was used to explore the linear relationship between RC and HF risk,and the predictive value of RC was evaluated using receiveroperating characteristic(ROC)curves and the area under the curve(AUC).Results The HF group had significantly higher proportions of males,hypertension prevalence and RC levels,while estimated glomerular filtration rate were significantly lower compared to the non-HF group(P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that RC>0.7 mmol/L significantly increased the risk of HF(OR=1.854,95%CI:1.161–2.960,P=0.010).In the fully adjusted multivariate Logistic regression model,RC(RC>0.7 mmol/L)was associated with a 1.891-fold increased risk of HF as a categorical variable(OR=1.891,95%CI:1.047–3.415,P=0.035).As a continuous variable,each increased unit in RC was associated with a 2.464-fold increased risk of HF(OR=2.464,95%CI:1.495–4.064,P<0.001).The odds ratios for Log10RC and standardized RC were 6.411(95%CI:2.246–18.302,P=0.001)and 1.687(95%CI:1.262–2.255,P<0.001),respectively.ROC analysis indicated a linear positive association between RC and HF risk(P=0.002).ROC analysis showed that RC had predictive value for HF,with an AUC of 0.621(95%CI:0.555–0.687,P<0.001).Conclusions RC levels are significantly associated with the risk of HF in patients with diabetes and CHD,demonstrating a linear positive correlation.RC has potential predictive value and may serve as a useful indicator for assessing HFrisk in this population.