目的 探讨高龄妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)产妇糖耐量的特点及其与妊娠结局的关系。方法 选择2020年1月1日—2024年12月31日在广州市第一人民医院规律产检并分娩的高龄产妇727例,包括高龄初产妇226例(GDM 78例)和高龄经产妇501例(GDM 131例),按照75 g OGTT血糖异常项数进行分组:一项血糖异常产妇为GDM I组(高龄初产妇38例,高龄经产妇68例);两项血糖异常产妇为GDM Ⅱ组(高龄初产妇26例,高龄经产妇51例);三项血糖异常产妇为GDM Ⅲ组(高龄初产妇14例,高龄经产妇12例);75 g OGTT正常高龄产妇为对照组。收集研究对象一般资料、75g OGTT血糖及相关妊娠结局进行分析比较。结果 高龄初产妇GDM发生率(34.51%)较高龄经产妇GDM发生率(26.15%)高,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.021);高龄初产妇GDM Ⅲ型宫内感染(28.57%)、产后出血(14.29%)发生率最高,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.037、0.039);高龄初产妇GDM I型早产(23.68%)发生率最高,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.013)。高龄初产妇及经产妇GDM Ⅱ型的羊水过多、甲状腺功能减退、宫内感染、早产发生率均呈上升趋势。结论 高龄妊娠糖尿病产妇随OGTT血糖异常项增多出现不良妊娠结局风险升高,其中高龄初产妇的早产、宫内感染及产后出血的发生率更高,因此,针对高龄初产妇,应更加注重孕期血糖及健康管理,以减少不良妊娠结局的发生。
Objective To analyze glucose tolerance characteristics in elderly pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and relationship with pregnancy outcomes.Methods From January 1,2020,and December 31,2024,727 elderly pregnant women who underwent routine prenatal examinations and delivered in Guangzhou First People’s Hospital were recruit.Among them,226 were elderly primiparas and 501 were elderly multiparas.GDM was diagnosed in 78 elderly primiparas and 131 elderly multiparas.Based on the results of the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT),GDM cases were classified as follows:GDM I(one abnormal glucose value;38 elderly primiparas,68 elderly multiparas),GDM II(two abnormal values;26 elderly primiparas,51 elderly multiparas),and GDM Ⅲ(three abnormal values;14 elderly primiparas,12 elderly multiparas).Elderly pregnant women with normal OGTT results served as the control group.General clinical data and pregnancy outcomes were collected.The prevalence and characteristics of GDM in elderly primiparas and multiparas were analyzed.Results The incidence of GDM was significantly higher in elderly primiparas than in elderly multiparas(P=0.021).The incidence of intrauterine infection and postpartum hemorrhage was highest in elderly primiparas with GDM Ⅲ(P=0.037,0.039).The incidence of preterm birth was highest in elderly primiparas with GDM I(P=0.013).The incidence of polyhydramnios,hypothyroidism,intrauterine infection,and preterm birth showed an increasing trend in both elderly primiparas and multiparas with GDM II.Conclusions Elderly primiparas with more severe glucose tolerance abnormalities are at a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Enhanced blood glucose monitoring and comprehensive health management during pregnancy are crucial for reducing the incidence of adverse outcomes in this population.
目的 探讨支气管镜灌洗用于儿童重症肺部感染合并肺实变的治疗效果及对CT特征、肺功能的影响。方法 选取2022年5月—2024年5月铜仁市人民医院收治的100例重症肺部感染合并肺实变患儿开展前瞻性研究,应用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患儿采取常规治疗,观察组则采取常规治疗加支气管镜灌洗治疗。对比其临床疗效,治疗前后炎症因子、CT特征及肺功能变化。结果 观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患儿白细胞计数(10.36±2.52)×109 /L、白细胞介素-6(20.57±5.05)ng/L、C反应蛋白(13.12±2.64)mg/L、降钙素原(101.62±12.16)pg/L均低于对照组白细胞计数(13.25±3.32)×109 /L、白细胞介素-6(31.69±4.11)ng/L、C反应蛋白(16.16±4.44)mg/L、降钙素原(113.46±18.11)pg/L(P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿胸腔积液、支气管壁增厚、空气支气管征、肺部实变、磨玻璃影等相关CT影像特征占比下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿呼气流量峰值水平均升高,观察组(90.67±18.45)L/s高于对照组(81.27±17.69)L/s,用力肺活量水平均更高,观察组(3.33±0.68)L高于对照组(2.68±0.25)L(P<0.05)。结论 针对儿童重症肺部感染合并肺实变,在常规治疗基础上增加支气管镜灌洗可提升临床疗效,减轻机体炎症反应,改善胸部CT各种表现及肺功能。
Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with severe pulmonary infection complicated by lung consolidation and its impact on CT features and pulmonary function.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 100 children with severe pulmonary infection complicated with pulmonary consolidation in a hospital from May 2022 to May 2024.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group using a random number table method,50 cases in each group.The control group of children received routine treatment,and the observation group received conventional treatment plus bronchoalvelar lavage.Clinical efficacy,inflammatory factors,CT features,and alterations in pulmonary function before and after therapy were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the white blood cell count(10.36±2.52)×109 /L,interleukin-6(20.57±5.05)ng/L,C-reactive protein(13.12±2.64)mg/L,and procalcitonin(101.62±12.16)pg/L in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group(13.25±3.32)×109 /L,interleukin-6(31.69±4.11)ng/L,C-reactive protein(16.16±4.44)mg/L,and procalcitonin(113.46±18.11)pg/L(P<0.05).After treatment,the proportion of CT imaging features such as pleural effusion,bronchial wall thickening,air bronchogram sign,lung consolidation,ground glass opacities,decreased in both groups of children,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the peak levels of expiratory flow in both groups of children increased,with the observation group(90.67±18.45)L/s higher than the control group(81.27±17.69)L/s.The forced vital capacity levels were also higher,with the observation group(3.33±0.68)L higher than the control group(2.68±0.25)L(P<0.05).Conclusions Adding bronchoalvelar lavage to routine treatment for children with severe pulmonary infection complicated with pulmonary consolidation can improve their clinical efficacy,alleviate inflammatory reactions,and improve various chest CT manifestations and lung function.
目的 评价血塞通联合右美托咪定对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的脑保护效果。方法 选择老龄雄性Wistar大鼠50只,随机分为假手术(C)组、脑缺血再灌注(R)组、血塞通(P)组、右美托咪定(D)组,血塞通联合右美托咪定(PD)组,每组各10只。根据组别给予不同药物,行神经行为学测试;于第3、7天,测量脑梗死面积、脑水含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-PX)活性测定。结果 给药后第3、5、7天,与P、D组相比,PD组神经行为学评分改善更加显著(P<0.001);给药后第3、7天,与P组相比,PD组脑梗死面积、脑水含量均降低(P=0.01,P=0.002),SOD、GSH-PX活性升高显著(P=0.03,P=0.001);与D组相比,PD组脑梗死面积、脑水含量也显著降低(P<0.01,P=0.008);SOD、GSH-PX活性升高显著(P=0.009,P<0.001)。结论 血塞通联合右美托咪定较单独应用药物,能显著减轻缺血再灌注损伤造成的脑损害,具有脑保护作用。
Objective To explore the effects of Xuesaitong combined with dexmedetomidine on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in elderly rats.Methods Fifty elderly male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation(C)group,cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(R)group,Xuesaitong(P)group,dexmedetomidine(D)group,Xuesaitong combined with dexmedetomidine(PD)group.Xuesaitong was given in group P,dexmedetomidine was given in group D,and normal saline was given in group C and group R,continuously for 7 days.After 3- and 7-day treatment,the brain of rats was dissected out to assay the area of cerebral infarction,degree of cerebral edema,superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) activity.Results When compared PD group with P and D group,neurobehavioral score was lower at 3,5,7 day(P<0.001);area of cerebral infarction,degree of cerebral edema were less(P=0.01,P=0.002),activity of SOD and GSH-PX were higher at 3,7 days(P=0.03,P=0.001)respectively.When compared PD group with D group,area of cerebral infarction,degree of cerebral edema were less(P<0.01,P=0.008),activity of SOD and GSH-PX were higher at 3,7 days(P=0.009,P<0.001)respectively.Conclusions The combination of Xuesaitong and dexmedetomidine can obviously reduce the damage by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in elderly rats and has brain protective effects.
运动可以调节机体代谢,预防和治疗由糖脂代谢紊乱所引发的心血管疾病。运动因子是在运动过程中,由肌肉、脂肪以及肝脏等多个组织合成和分泌的一系列生物活性物质,包括蛋白质和多肽类分子、小分子代谢物以及核酸等。诸多研究证实,运动因子是运动调节机体代谢的重要因素之一,也是机体从运动中获益的关键分子机制。近年来,随着蛋白质组学、代谢组学以及高通量测序等相关技术的飞速发展,越来越多的运动因子被陆续发现和证实。这不仅拓宽了人们对机体从运动中获益相关机制的认知,还激发了人们对运动因子在健康领域应用前景的浓厚兴趣。文章系统地阐述了运动因子对机体心血管系统的影响,旨在揭示运动因子在促进心血管健康以及治疗心血管疾病等方面的积极效用。
Exercise can prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases resulting from the metabolic disorders of glucose and lipid.Exerkines are defined as a series of bioactive substances in response to exercise including proteins,peptides,small molecular metabolites and nucleic acids.Multiple tissues can produce exerkines,such as skeletal muscle,adipose tissue,and liver.Many studies indicate that exerkines play essential roles in improving glucose and lipid metabolism,which are crucial to harness the health-related benefits mediated by exercise.In recent years,with the progression of proteomics,metabolomics and high-throughput sequencings,an increasing number of exerkines are discovered.These findings expand the research on beneficial effects of exercise and draw attention to the clinical implications of exerkines.This review aims to explore the influence of exerkines on cardiovascular system and reveal their potential roles in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
目的 分析广州市中医优势病种按病种分值付费政策实施效果,以期为完善广州市中医病种付费方式改革提供参考思路。方法 以广州市某三甲中医医院住院患者在政策实施前(n=6 057)及实施后(n=7 208)住院病历为研究样本,对医院次均住院医疗费用、中医综合治疗费占比、平均住院日进行两独立样本非参数检验等描述性统计分析。结果 政策实施后,住院人次增长19%,患者次均住院医疗费用下降7.02%(P<0.001),中医综合治疗费用占比提升0.8%(P>0.05),医疗机构平均住院日缩短0.63 d(P<0.001),入组中医优势病种患者自费率较非入组的低,医疗机构总体病例组合指数下降,中医优势病种结算有盈余。结论 中医优势病种按病种分值付费政策有利于医保-患者-医院三方共赢;但中医优势病种入组率有待提高,建议加大对中医医疗机构的支持与助力;中医综合治疗费用占比提升不显著,建议完善中医治疗项目医疗服务价格动态调整机制;中医优势病种仅局限在住院,建议实现诊疗单元全覆盖。
Objective To discuss the correlation analysis of the hospitalization expenses of TCM dominant diseases under the DIP payment mode,and provide a reference for further promoting the reform of the payment mode of TCM dominant diseases in Guangzhou.Methods The nonparametric test was used to analyze the number of inpatients,the average hospitalization cost,and the proportion of TCM comprehensive treatment on the data of inpatient records before and after the implementation of the TCM dominant diseases policy,the sample sizes were 6 057 and 7 028 respectively.Results After the implementation of the TCM dominant diseases policy,there was a slight fluctuation in the number of inpatients from 6 057 to 7 208,the average hospitalization cost was decreased by 7.02%(P<0.001),the proportion of TCM comprehensive treatment costs had an increase of 0.8%(P>0.05),the average length of hospital stay was shorten by 0.63 days(P<0.001),the self-expense rate of the patients with the TCM dominant diseases of in the group was lower than that of the patients without the group,the total case mix index value of the hospital decreased,but there was a surplus on the group of TCM dominant diseases settlement.Conclusios The policy is conducive to the tripartite win-win of medical insurance,patients and hospitals.However,the enrollment rate of TCM dominant diseases need to be improved,which is suggested to increase the support for TCM hospitals.The proportion of TCM comprehensive treatment has not increased significantly,so it is suggested to improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of medical service price of TCM treatment items.The TCM dominant diseases are only limited to hospitalization,and it is recommended to achieve full coverage of diagnosis and treatment units.
目的 探讨不同清洗方法对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)骨水泥附着的骨科外来医疗器械清洗效果。方法 以河源地区某三级医院消毒供应中心2023年7—12月同型号PMMA骨水泥术后附着的215件骨科外来医疗器械为研究对象,所有器械均为不锈钢材质,表面光滑,无明显磨损,利用随机数字表将其分为对照组与观察组。对照组(107件)采用常规预处理后清洗消毒器清洗,观察组(108件)预处理采用95%乙醇浸泡15 min后联合快干增亮剂清洗消毒器清洗。比较两种不同清洗方法的清洗效果。结果 观察组的器械清洗消毒后更加光滑且清洁,对照组的器械表面有部分磨损且仍存在一定程度的残留物。采用10倍光源放大镜清洁度检查,对照组清洗合格100件,清洗合格率为93.5%;观察组清洗合格108件,清洗合格率为100%。采用杰力试纸法检测,观察组清洗合格率为100%,对照组清洗合格率为94.4%,采用快速检测三磷酸腺苷(ATP)生物荧光法检查,观察组清洗合格率为99.1%,对照组清洗合格率为93.5%,观察组的清洗合格率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PMMA骨水泥附着的骨科外来医疗器械采用95%乙醇浸泡15 min后联合快干增亮剂和清洗消毒器可以提高清洗合格率以及外来器械再处理技术的安全性,为安全质量管理提供了有利依据。该技术适合推广使用,能有效排除医疗隐患,确保医疗安全。
Objective To compare the cleaning effects of different methods on external orthopedic medical devices contaminated with PMMA bone cement.Methods A total of 215 external orthopedic medical devices contaminated with PMMA bone cement were selected from the disinfection supply center of a tertiary hospital in Heyuan from July to December 2023.All devices were made of stainless steel,with smooth surfaces and no significant abrasion.The devices were randomly divided into control group and observation group using a random number table.The control group(107 devices)was cleaned using conventional pre-treatment followed by a cleaning and disinfection machine.The observation group(108 devices)was pre-treated by soaking in 95% medical ethanol for 15 minutes,followed by cleaning with a quick-drying brightener and a cleaning and disinfection machine.The cleaning effects of the two methods were compared.Results The study showed that the devices in the observation group were smoother and cleaner after cleaning and disinfection,while the devices in the control group had some abrasion and residual contaminants.Using a 10 x magnifying glass to check cleanliness,the control group had 107 devices passed the cleaning test,with a pass rate of 93.5%,while the observation group had 108 devices passed,with a pass rate of 100%.Using the Geri test paper method,the observation group had a cleaning pass rate of 100%,and the control group had a pass rate of 94.4%.Using the ATP bioluminescence method,the observation group had a cleaning pass rate of 99.1%,and the control group had a pass rate of 93.5%.The cleaning pass rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions Soaking external orthopedic medical devices contaminated with PMMA bone cement in 95% medical ethanol for 15 minutes,followed by cleaning with a quick-drying brightener and a cleaning and disinfection machine,can improve the cleaning pass rate and enhance the safety of reprocessing external devices.This technique provides a strong basis for safety and quality management,is suitable for widespread use,which effectively eliminates medical hazards,and ensures medical safety.
目的 探讨口服铁剂方法用于改善铁缺乏的男性机采血小板固定献血者铁营养状况效果,为采供血机构完善无偿献血者关爱策略提供数据支持。方法 选择2022年9月—2023年8月珠海市中心血站男性血小板固定献血者进行铁蛋白(FER)检测。以FER<30 ng/mL为铁缺乏的判定标准。将49名铁缺乏的男性机采血小板固定献血者随机分成干预组、对照组,分别进行口服铁剂干预,比较两组干预前后血红蛋白(Hb)、血清铁(SI)、FER的浓度变化情况。结果 共检测205名男性机采固定献血者,其中49名FER<30 ng/mL(铁缺乏组),占23.90%,其Hb、SI、FER均值低于FER≥30 ng/mL男性机采固定献血者(正常组)。49名铁缺乏的机采固定献血者口服铁剂干预后:干预组SI、FER浓度分别为(15.97±5.14)μmol/L、(30.55±14.42)ng/mL,高于对照组[(11.49±4.02)μmol/L、(12.77±5.86)ng/mL)],其差异有统计学意义(t=3.466,P<0.001;t=5.493,P<0.001)。干预组Hb为(143.42±10.85)g/L,高于对照组的(140.88±12.97)g/L,但差异无统计学意义(t=-0.726,P=0.471)。结论 针对铁蛋白低值的机采男性固定献血者,采取口服铁剂方法可以有效改善其铁缺乏状况。
Objective To explore the effect of oral iron supplements on improving iron deficiency in male regular plateletpheresis donors.Methods Male regular plateletpheresis donors from Zhuhai Blood Central Station were selected for ferritin(FER)detection.Using FER<30 ng/mL as the criterion for determining iron deficiency,49 donors were selected as the study subjects and divided into intervention group and control group,and the changes in hemoglobin(Hb),serum iron(SI),andFER concentrations were compared.Results A total of 205 male regular plateletpheresis donors underwent FER detection,of which 49 donors had FER under 30 ng/mL(iron deficiency group),accounting for 23.90%.The mean Hb,SI,and FER levels in the iron deficiency group were significantly lower than those with FER≥30 ng/mL.After oral iron intervention,the SI and FER levels in the intervention group([15.97±5.14] μmol/L,[30.55±14.42] ng/mL)were significantly higher than those in the control group([11.49±4.02] μmol/L,[12.77±5.86] ng/mL),and the difference were statistically significant(t=3.466,P<0.001;t=5.493,P=0.000).The Hb values of the intervention group and the control group were(143.42±10.85)g/L and(140.88±12.97)g/L,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the groups(t=-0.726,P=0.471).Conclusions Oral iron supplementation can effectively improve iron deficiency in male regular plateletpheresis donors.
目的 分析贝伐珠单抗与化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者4种错配修复蛋白(MSH2、MLHI、MSH6、PMS2)水平影响。方法 选择2022年1月—2024年1月江苏省宿迁市中医院肿瘤科102例晚期结直肠癌患者,按抽签法分成两组,即化疗组及联合组,各51例。化疗组应用FOLFOX(亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂+氟尿嘧啶)方案进行化疗,联合组采取贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFOX方案治疗。对比其肿瘤控制效果、免疫功能及MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2水平变化,并对比组间不良反应发生率。结果 联合组客观缓解率、疾病控制率高于化疗组(P<0.05);治疗后联合组患者CD4+ 、CD3+ 、CD8+ 、和CD4+ /CD8+数值高于化疗组,且两组治疗后均低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2缺失率对比无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其阳性、阴性表达情况对比差异有统计学意义,联合组MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2阳性率低于化疗组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 对晚期结直肠癌在化疗基础上增加贝伐珠单抗抗肿瘤效果显著,改善其免疫功能,虽无法改善患者错配修复蛋白缺损,但可辅助降低其阳性率,且不影响安全性。
Objective To analyze the effects of bevacizumab and chemotherapy on the levels of four mismatch repair proteins(MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,PMS2)in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.Methods A total of 102 patients with advanced colorectal cancer from the Oncology Department of Suqian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Jiangsu Province from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected,and were divided into two groups according to the drawing method,namely the chemotherapy group and the combination group,with 51 patients in each group.The chemotherapy group received FOLFOX(calcium folinate+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil)regimen for chemotherapy,while the combination group received bevacizumab combined with FOLFOX regimen for treatment.Tumor control effect,immune function,and changes in MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 levels,and its incidence of adverse reactions were compared.Results The objective remission rate and disease control rate of the combined group were higher than those of the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).After treatment,the CD4+ ,CD3+ ,CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+ values in the combination group were higher than those in the chemotherapy group,and those after treatment were lower than those before treatment in both groups(P<0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in the deletion rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 between the two groups of patients(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in their positive and negative expression.The positive rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 in the combination group were lower than those in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Adding bevacizumab on the basis of chemotherapy has a significant anti-tumor effect on advanced colorectal cancer,improving its immune function.Although it cannot improve the mismatch repair protein defect in patients,it can assist in reducing its positivity rate and has high safety.
目的 对比分析钝性分离扩皮法与常规扩皮法对乳腺癌术后患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)置管应用效果。方法 选取2022年4月—2024年4月在天津肿瘤医院空港医院接受治疗的120例乳腺癌术后PICC置管患者,依据随机数字表法进行分组处理。对照组60例给予常规扩皮法,观察组60例给予钝性分离扩皮法,对比两组患者扩皮结果。结果 观察组患者满意度为96.67%,对照组患者满意度为86.67%(χ 2 =3.927,P=0.048);观察组患者的穿刺点血液浸湿面积分别为穿刺后即刻(0.87±0.14)cm2 、1 d后(4.89±0.94)cm2 以及3 d后(0.21±0.05)cm2 ,均低于对照组的(2.74±0.63)(9.89±2.04)(0.44±0.12)cm2 ,对比差异有统计学意义(t=22.444、17.243、13.704,P<0.05);观察组患者一次性送鞘成功率为98.33%,对照组患者一次性送鞘成功率为88.33%,观察组高于对照组(χ 2 =4.821,P=0.028);扩皮前两组患者的VAS评分无差异(P>0.05),扩皮后两组患者的VAS评分均降低,且观察组(1.75±0.54)分低于对照组(3.89±1.22)分,对比差异有统计学意义(t=12.425,P<0.001);观察组患者不良事件发生率为5.00%,对照组患者不良事件发生率为16.67%,观察组患者不良事件发生率低于对照组(χ 2 =4.227,P<0.05)。结论 钝性分离扩皮法能够降低穿刺点血液浸湿面积及不良事件发生率,提高一次性送鞘成功率,减轻患者疼痛感,提高患者满意度。
Objective To analyze the effect of blunt separating skin expansion and conventional skin expansion in PICC catheterization of patients after breast cancer surgery.Methods From April 2022 to April 2024,120 patients with postoperative PICC catheterization for breast cancer were selected and grouped according to the random number table method.Sixty patients in the control group received conventional skin expansion,and 60 patients in the observation group received blunt separation skin expansion,which the results of the two groups were compared.Results The patient satisfaction was 96.67% in the observation group,86.67% in the control group(χ 2 =3.927,P=0.048,P<0.05).In the observation group,the blood immersion area after catheterization,after 1 d and 3 d were(0.87±0.14),(4.89±0.94),(0.21±0.05)cm2 ,lower than those of the control group [(2.74±0.63)(9.89±2.04)(0.44±0.12)cm2 ],the comparative difference was statistically significant(t=22.444,17.243,13.704,P<0.05).The success rate of disposable sheath delivery in the observation group was 98.33%,which was higher than 88.33% in the control group(χ 2 =4.821,P=0.028<0.05).There was no difference in VAS scores between the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05),VAS scores decreased in both groups after the intervention,the score of the observation group(1.75±0.54)was lower than that of the control group(3.89±1.22),the difference was statistically significant(t=12.425,P<0.001).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was 5.00%,and in the control group was 16.67%,which difference was significant(χ 2 =4.227,P<0.05).Conclusions Blunt separating skin expansion can reduce the area of blood immersion and the incidence of adverse events,improve the success rate of disposable sheath delivery,reduce patient pain,improve patient satisfaction,and have significant clinical application value.
目的 探讨功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理对高龄吞咽障碍患者的应用效果。方法 选取2022年5月—2024年5月暨南大学附属广州市红十字会医院收治的80例高龄吞咽障碍患者作为研究对象,应用随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,各40例。对照组患者实施常规干预,观察组实施功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理干预,对比两组患者干预效果、干预前后的吞咽功能与营养状况、吞咽障碍相关并发症发生率,以及干预前后两组生活质量变化。结果 观察组总有效率为92.50%,高于对照组的72.50%(χ 2 =5.541,P=0.019);两组干预后综合性营养评估法(SGA)、进食评估问卷调查工具-10(EAT-10)评分均降低,且观察组[(6.62±1.24)(15.26±3.42)分]低于对照组[(10.85±2.32)(23.51±4.37)分],对比差异有统计学意义(t分别为10.170、9.403,P<0.05);观察组吞咽障碍相关并发症发生率17.50%低于对照组42.50%(χ 2 =5.952,P=0.015);两组干预后生活质量综合评定量表(GQOLI-74)相关维度物质评分均升高,且观察组患者GQOLI-74相关维度物质生活(16.62±2.24)、心理功能(18.26±4.42)分、社会功能(21.62±3.66)分、躯体功能(23.26±4.37)分均高于对照组[(13.25±3.32)(13.51±2.37)(15.26±2.35)(16.62±3.73)]分,对比差异有统计学意义(t分别为5.322、5.990、9.248、7.309,P<0.05)。结论 功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理对高龄吞咽障碍患者干预效果显著,且可提升其吞咽功能,改善营养状况,同时可辅助降低吞咽障碍相关并发症发生率,提高患者生活质量。
Objective To explore the application effect of Functional Oral Intake Scale(FOIS)swallowing management on elderly patients with swallowing disorders.Methods A total of 80 elderly patients with dysphagia admitted to the Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University from May 2022 to May 2024 were selected as research subjects.They were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 40 cases in each group,using a random number table method.The control group received routine intervention,while the observation group received FOIS swallowing management intervention.The intervention effects were compared between the two groups,including pre and post intervention,swallowing function and nutritional status,incidence of swallowing related complications,and changes in quality of life before and after the intervention.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.50%,which was higher than the 72.50% of control group(χ 2 =5.541,P=0.019).After the intervention,the comprehensive nutrition assessment(SGA)and the feeding assessment instrument-10(EAT-10)were decreased,and the observation group ([6.62±1.24]and[15.26±3.42]) were lower than the control group ([10.85±2.32]and[23.51±4.37]),and the comparative difference was statistically significant(t=10.170,9.403,P<0.05).The incidence of complications related to swallowing disorders in the observation group was 17.50%,lower than that in the control group was 42.50%(χ 2 =5.952,P=0.015).After intervention,the scores of GQOLI-74 related dimensions were increased in both groups.In addition,GQOLI-74 related dimensions of material life(16.62±2.24)scores,psychological function(18.26±4.42)scores,social function(21.62±3.66)scores,physical function(23.26±4.37)scores in observation group were higher than those in control group ([13.25±3.32],[13.51±2.37],[15.26±2.35],[16.62±3.73]),and the difference was statistically significant(t=5.322,5.990,9.248,7.309,P<0.05).Conclusions The swallowing management of FOIS has a significant intervention effect on elderly patients with swallowing disorders,and can improve their swallowing function,nutritional status,and assist in reducing the incidence of swallowing disorder related complications,thereby improving the quality of life of patients.