目的 分析谷草转氨酶（AST）、胆碱酯酶（CHE）、糖类抗原125（CA125）以及甲胎蛋白（AFP）对肝硬化患者的诊断效能。方法 选择70例肝硬化患者为观察组研究对象，另取70例同期健康体检者为对照组。两组研究对象均接受生化检验、肿瘤标志物检验。对比两组研究对象的AST、CHE、CA125、AFP检测结果，分析上述指标对肝硬化患者的诊断效能。结果 观察组肝硬化患者的CHE低于对照组，AST、CA125与AFP高于对照组（P＜0.05）；AST与CHE在肝硬化诊断中具有良好的灵敏度、特异度；CA125联合AFP的灵敏度、特异度、符合率均高于CA125或AFP单独检验（P＜0.05）。结论 AST、CHE、CA125、AFP在肝硬化患者临床诊断中具有良好的应用表现，是反映患者肝硬化病情进展的重要参考指标。
Objective To analyze the diagnostic efficacy of aspartate aminotransferase（AST），cholinesterase（CHE），carbohydrate antigen 125（CA125），and alpha fetoprotein（AFP）in patients with liver cirrhosis．Methods A total of 70 patients with liver cirrhosis were included in the observation group as the study subjects，and 70 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group．Both groups of research subjects underwent biochemical testing and tumor marker testing．The AST，CHE，CA125，and AFP detection results of two groups of research subjects were compared，and the diagnostic effect of the above indicators on patients with liver cirrhosis were analyzed．Results The CHE test results of patients with liver cirrhosis in the observation group were significantly lower than those of healthy individuals undergoing physical examination，and the AST，CA125，and AFP test results were higher（P＜0.05）．AST and CHE had good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis．The sensitivity，specificity and coincidence rate of CA125 combined with AFP were higher than those of CA125 or AFP alone．Conclusions AST，CHE，CA125，and AFP have good clinical application performance in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis patients，and are important reference indicators reflecting the progression of liver cirrhosis in patients．
目的 评估多种气道湿化方法对喉癌患者术后气道湿化的效果。方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane、Embase、Web of Science、Ovid、中国知网、万方、CBM、Google Scholar等数据库和网站，检索时限为建库至2023年2月。搜集关于喉癌患者术后不同气道湿化方法的随机对照试验，采用JBI2016年随机对照试验RCT评价标准评价文献质量。使用ADDIS1.16.5软件进行网状Meta分析。结果 纳入18篇研究，共1 596例患者。结果显示，镇痛泵持续泵入与注射器间断滴入、喷雾瓶间断喷雾在痰痂形成方面比较差异有统计学意义［OR（95%CI）=537.70（4.18，124 511.88）、0（0，0.52），P＜0.05］；湿化满意度方面，注射器间断滴入与喷雾瓶间断喷雾比较差异有统计学意义［OR（95%CI）=8.55（1.40，73.35），P＜0.05］；其余比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。概率排序显示，降低肺部感染、黏膜出血和痰痂形成、痰液黏稠度、咳嗽和湿化不满意的发生，最优方法分别为湿化泵持续泵入、镇痛泵持续泵入、MR400湿化器和输液器持续泵入。结论 综合网状Meta分析及概率排序结果，考虑到喉癌患者术后早期下床活动，推荐便携式持续湿化方法。
Objective To access the effects of multiple airway humidification methods for postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer．Methods PubMed，Cochrane Library，EMbase，Web of Science，Ovid，China National Knowledge Infrastructure，Wanfang database，CBM and Google Scholar were searched systematically from establishment to February 2023，respectively．Related randomized controlled trials on airway humidification for postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer was analyzed and the quality of the literature was assessed using the JBI 2016 RCT evaluation．The network Meta analysis was performed using ADDIS 1.16.5 softwares．Results A total of 18 articles and 1596 patients were inciuded．The results showed that the analgesia pump continued to pump into the airway compared with the syringe intermittently drip and the spray bottle intermittent spray was statistically different in the formation of sputum［OR（95%CI）=537.70（4.18，124 511.88），0（0，0.52），P＜0.05］．In terms of satisfaction of wetness，the difference between the intermittent drop of the syringe and the intermittent spray of the spray bottle was statistically different［OR（95%CI）=8.55（1.40，73.35），P＜0.05］，the others were not statistically different（P＞0.05）．Probability ranking table shows that the optimal methods were the humidification pump continues to pump into the airway，the analgesia pump continued to pump into the airway，the MR400 humidifier and the infusion set continuously pumped into the airway，which were beneficial to the reduction in pulmonary infection，tracheal mucosal hemorrhage and formation of phlegm callus，the degree of sputum viscosity，cough and unsatisfactory wetness．Conclusions Based on the comprehensive mesh meta-analysis and probability ranking results，a portable continuous humidification method is recommended considering the early post-operative activities of laryngeal cancer patients．
近几十年来，全球近视患病率不断上升，已成为全世界主要的公共卫生问题之一。众多研究表明户外活动能有效控制近视的发生和发展。本文综述了户外活动对近视防控作用的研究进展及其作用机制，以期为近视防控提供新的思路。
In recent decades, the prevalence of myopia has been increasing globally, becoming one of the major public health issues worldwide. Numerous studies indicate that outdoor activities can effectively control the onset and progression of myopia. This article reviews the research progress on prevention and control effect and mechanism of outdoor activities on myopia, hoping to provide new insights for myopia prevention and control.
