目的 体外构建胶原—壳聚糖复合支架材料,分析其物理化学性质及生物相容性,探讨其应用于组织工程支架材料的可行性。方法 利用冷冻干燥的方法构建三维多孔的胶原支架材料,通过甲醛交联以及添加壳聚糖的方法改善其物理化学性能。通过体外降解实验以及电镜扫描的方法检测材料的各项物理化学指标;通过细胞接种的方法研究材料的生物相容性。结果 胶原—壳聚糖复合材料通过冷冻干燥的方法,能够获得稳定的三维多孔结构,电镜显示孔隙贯通,体外降解速度降低,并且能够支持细胞生长。理化性质分析显示该结构适合细胞生长,具有良好的生物相容性。结论 本课题体外构建胶原—壳聚糖复合支架材料,满足组织工程生物材料的理化以及生物相容性要求,为其应用于组织工程支架材料提供重要的依据。

Objective We build up the Collagen-Chitosan compound scaffold in vitro,and study the physical,chemical and biological properties,to analyze the feasibility in tissue engineering. Methods The three-dimensional porous scaffold was obtained by freezing-drying method,and optimized by using formaldehyde and Chitosan.We used hydrolysis in vitro and SEM scanning to investigate its physical and chemical properties.The biocompatibility of scaffold was analyzed in MEF cells. Results Collagen-Chitosan compound scaffold we obtained by freezing-drying method was a kind of stable 3D vesicular structure.The scaffold degenerated in decreased velocity in vitro.The physical and chemical properties showed that it was suitable for the cells grow in it,which suggested that it has a good biocompatibility. Conclusion This kind of Collagen-Chitosan compound scaffold is constructed.It's qualified by the physical and chemical properties,and biocompatibility which the biomaterials require.The evidence are important for its application in tissue engineering.

目的 探讨拉米夫定治疗对乙肝活动的肺结核病人抗结核治疗中的临床价值。方法 通过回顾性分析159例初治肺结核乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性、HBV-DNA定量阳性病人,所有病例在抗结核前查肝功能均正常,分为两组,治疗组:在抗结核及护肝治疗过程中,加用拉米夫定抗乙肝病毒治疗;对照组:没用任何抗乙肝病毒药物;分别在抗结核治疗前、治疗2周、4周及8周复查肝功能,对比两组间肝损发生率,及肝损发生时间及严重程度。抗结核治疗4周后复查HBV-DNA定量,对比两组间HBV-DNA定量下降例数。结果 治疗组的肝损发生率仅20.5%,对照组病人抗结核治疗后肝损的发生率为53.1%,两者间差异有统计学意义。治疗组肝损出现时间多为大于4周,而且多数是轻度肝损。治疗组出现肝损中断抗结核治疗的病例数低于对照组。抗乙肝病毒治疗后复查HBV-DNA定量降低例数高于对照组。结论 拉米夫定抗乙肝病毒治疗,能抑制乙肝病毒复制,降低乙肝合并肺结核病人的肝损发生率并减轻肝损严重程度,提高病人对抗结核药物的耐受性。

目的 探讨体感音乐疗法对青少年视疲劳患者症状缓解的影响。方法 选择青少年视疲劳患者72例,随机分为观察组和对照组各36例,两组患者均给予矫正用眼习惯、多运动、均衡饮食等护理,观察组在此基础上给予体感音乐疗法,3个月后比较两组视疲劳症状缓解情况。结果 干预后观察组视疲劳症状缓解程度及症状评分优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 对青少年视疲劳患者实施体感音乐疗法,可起到促进眼部肌肉放松,改善微循环,增强睫状肌收缩力,改善虹膜睫状体调节功能,缓解视疲劳的效果。

Objective To explore the influence of vibroacoustic therapy on visual fatigue teenagers. Methods 72 visual fatigue teenagers were randomly and equally divided into the observation group and the control group. Both groups were accepted nursing in terms of the correction of eye habits, doing more sports and balanced diet, while the observation group was also accepted vibroacoustic therapy. After three months the conditions of these two groups in terms of visual fatigue were compared. Results After the intervention the degree of visual fatigue relief and the score of symptoms in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and these differences have statistic significance (P＜0.05). Conclusion Vibroacoustic therapy can help visual fatigue teenagers to relax muscles of eyes, improve microcirculation, strengthen ciliary muscle contractile force, improve the regulatory function of iris ciliary and relieve visual fatigue.

目的 调查I-IIa期宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者术后随诊和复发情况,并探索随诊和复发的相关因素。方法 分析2011年1月—2012年6月中山市妇幼保健院收治的128例宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者的临床资料,分析他们的术后随诊情况及其影响因素。将有液基薄层细胞学(TCT)及盆腔检查者视为有效随诊的患者,分析肿瘤复发情况及其影响因素。结果 128例患者中,有效随诊104例(占总人数的81.25%)。年龄组越小,随诊率越高(P=0.034);城市患者较农村患者,随诊率高(P=0.028);文化程度越高,随诊率越高(P=0.028);职业为公务员、教师、公司职员或自由职业、个体,随诊率比职业为家庭妇女和工人更高(P=0.030)。在104例随诊者中,2年复发8例(占7.7%)。临床分期较晚,肿瘤直径>4cm,病理类型,脉管内瘤栓阳性,淋巴结转移阳性是影响患者2年复发的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 临床分期,肿瘤直径,脉管内瘤栓阳性,淋巴结转移等临床病理特征与患者复发密切相关。应针对宫颈癌患者社会人口学特点制定措施,提高随诊率。

Objective To investigate the follow-up rate after surgical treatment and the recurrence rate among patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma in I-IIa stage, and identify associated factors. Methods The clinical data of 128 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma from January 2011 to June 2012 in Zhongshan maternal and child health hospital was collected. Follow up record of these cases was analyzed and factors associated with follow up were identified. Patients having taken thinprep liquid-based cytology test (TCT) and pelvioscopy were treated as cases being followed effectively, and their recurrence and associated factors were analyzed. Results Among the 128 patients, 104(81.25%) were effectively followed. Patients with younger age(P=0.034), living in city (P=0.028), with higher education level(P=0.028) had higher follow-up rate. Civil servants, teachers and freelancers had higher follow-up rate than housewives and workers (P=0.030).Eight of the 104 effectively followed cases recurred within two years after surgery, accounting for 7.7%. The associated factors of recurrence included clinical stage, tumor diameter, larger than 4cm, the depth of myometrial invasion, deeper than 2/3, vascular tumor thrombus positive, and lymph node metastasis positive (P<0.05). Conclusion Clinical stage, tumor size, vascular tumor thrombus positive, lymph node metastasis positive were associated with recurrence. Tailored strategies should be developed to improve the follow up rate based on the social and demographic characteristics of patients.

目的 探讨农村地区糖尿病患者在镇卫生院—村卫生站一体化管理模式下的效果。方法 于2013年10月—2014年9月对花山镇26个村1267名糖尿病患者实行镇卫生院—乡村卫生站一体化管理,镇卫生院定期组织医疗队到村卫生站健康宣教、义诊、体检,村卫生站乡医为本村糖尿病患者开展跟踪随访、血糖监测、用药及饮食运动指导。一年后比较患者的规范管理率、血糖控制率。结果 实施管理后农村糖尿病患者的规范管理率和血糖控制达标率均有提高,尤以血糖控制达标率为明显。结论 对农村社区糖尿病患者实施镇卫生院—村卫生站一体化管理能更好地跟踪监测患者血糖水平,增强患者防病意识,有效提高农村社区糖尿病患者血糖控制率。

目的 探讨群组管理对老年前列腺术后患者下肢活动依从性的效果。方法 将60例患者分为干预组和对照组,对照组按常规护理,干预组实施1周的群组管理活动。结果 干预后干预组患者对预防DVT发生的知晓度、进行下肢主动活动的依从性高于对照组,双下肢皮肤温度、颜色、胀痛等改变显著小于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜ 0. 01)。结论 群组管理是一种有效的管理模式,可增强患者的自我效能,提高患者下肢活动的依从性,达到预防DVT发生的作用。

Objective To explore the influence of group management on compliance of lower extremities of elderly patients who underwent prostatectomy. Methods 60 patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group. While the control group was accepted normal nursing, the intervention group was accepted one-week group management. Results The intervention group performed better than the control group in awareness on the prevention of DVT and compliance of activities of lower extremities, and experienced less changes than the control group in skin temperatures, colors and ache of both lower extremities. These changes had statistical significant (P＜0.01). Conclusion Group management is an effective management mode, and improves parents' self-efficacy and compliance of lower extremities, is helping prevent DVT.

目的 探讨压力管理对改善中年高血压患者生活质量的效果。方法 采用便利抽样法,把首次在我院住院的中年高血压患者115例按时间段分为实验组60例和对照组55例,对照组给予常规护理,实验组采用压力管理干预,分住院期和出院后康复期两阶段进行。使用抑郁自评量表和SF-36量表分别在出院前和出院后1个月进行测评。结果 干预后实验组患者抑郁标准分降低,SF-36量表各维度分及总分升高,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 对中年高血压患者实施有针对性、整体性、延续性和激励性的压力管理,可提高其生活质量。

Objective To explore the influence of stress management on the improvement of quality of life of middle-aged patients with hypertension. Methods According to convenience sampling, 115 middle-aged patients with hypertension who were the first time admitted to our hospital were divided, on the basis of different periods, into the test group (60 patients) and the control group (55 patients). The control group was accepted normal nursing, while the test group was accepted the stress management intervention that performed during hospitalization and after patients discharged from the hospital. Both groups were assessed, by using self-rating depression scale and SF-36 scale, before discharging from hospital and one month after discharging from hospital. Results After the intervention, the test group experienced reductions in depression standard score and increases in dimension scores and total scores of SF-36 scale.compared with those of the control group, these changes had statistical significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion Selective, integrated, continuous and stimulating stress management can help middle-aged patients with hypertension to improve the quality of life.

目的 探讨中青年医护人员血尿酸(UA)水平与心血管危险因素的关系。方法 利用国人缺血性心血管疾病发病危险的评估方法及简易评估工具“心血管危险积分”评价982名中青年医护人员的心血管危险因素,计算其危险评分积分值,用四分位法根据UA值将研究对象分为四组,比较不同分组间的临床资料,分析UA水平与心血管危险因素的关系。结果 UA水平与心血管危险因素存在正相关(P＜0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组心血管危险积分均高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 UA增高是心血管疾病的一个重要危险因素,重视高尿酸血症的防治,对预防中青年医护人员的心血管疾病的发生具有重要意义。

Objective To study the relationship between serum uric acid levels and risk factor of cardiovascular disease in young and middle-aged medical staff. Methods Using of risk assessment method and simple assessment tools of cardiovascular risk score of Chinese ischemic cardiovascular disease, the study appraised risk factors of cardiovascular disease about 982 young and middle-aged medical staffs, calculated the risk score integral value. The study divided objects of study into four groups with quartile's method according to serum uric acid levels, compared clinical data between different groups, analyzed the correlation between uric acid level and cardiovascular risk factors. Results Serum uric acid level and cardiovascular risk factors had positive correlation(P<0.01); Ⅲ,Ⅳ group's cardiovascular risk score were higher than Ⅰ, Ⅱ group; the difference had statistics significance(P<0.01). Conclusion Hyperuricemia is an important risk factors in cardiovascular disease. Paying attention to hyperuricemia prevention has important significance to prevention of cardiovascular disease in young and middle-aged medical staff.

目的 探讨群组管理对儿童特应性皮炎患儿生活质量的影响。方法 采用随机数字法将72例患儿分为干预组和对照组各36例,对照组不给予任何干预,干预组实施1个月的群组管理活动。结果 干预后干预组的瘙痒程度显著好转、总疗效率达100%、生活质量评分改善,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 群组管理是一种有效的管理模式,增强了患儿的自我效能,降低了疾病严重程度,提高了患儿的生活质量。

Objective To explore the influence of group management on quality of life of children with atopic dermatitis. Methods According to random number table, 72 children with atopic dermatitis were randomly divided into the experiment group and the control group. While the control group was not accepted any intervention, the experiment group was accepted one-month group management. Results After the intervention, the pruritus of the intervention group was improved, the total effective rate was 100% and scores of life quality were improved obviously.compared with those in the control group, these changes had statistical significance (P＜0.05). Conclusion Group management is an effective management mode, it improves children's self-efficacy, relieve the seriousness of illness and improve children's quality of life.

目的 评价自我管理小组干预对社区2型糖尿病患者的管理效果。方法 在2013年底选取本区社区卫生服务中心100例患者研究,运用自身对照方法,管理1年后对其自我管理效能、生化指标、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白进行比较。结果 管理一年后饮食控制、运动控制、药物依从性、监测依从性、足部护理等指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、尿酸下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空腹血糖达标率由12%上升到37%,糖化血红蛋白达标率由10%上升到34%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 自我管理小组干预提高了社区2型糖尿病患者自我管理水平,改善了主要的生化指标,值得社区推广应用。

Objective To evaluate the function of self-management group program on patients with type 2 diabetes in community. Methods Self-management was carried out for one year among 100 patients with type 2 diabetes, the effect of management was analyzed. Results There was statistically significant difference in diet control, motion control, drug compliance, monitoring compliance, and foot care after one year intervention (P<0.05). GLU, HbA1c, CHOL, UA were decreased. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Self-management of group intervention is effective in patients with type 2 diabetes, is worthy of further popularization and application.