Logistic多因素回归分析颈椎病患者发生项韧带钙化的影响因素

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目的 基于Logistic多因素回归分析颈椎病患者发生项韧带钙化的影响因素,以期为临床制定相应干预方案提供参考。 方法 回顾性选取我院2021年5月~2025年5月收治的198例颈椎病患者作为研究对象,根据是否发生项韧带钙化分为发生组(n=115)、未发生组(n=83),比较两组临床资料,将差异有统计学意义的资料纳入logistic多因素回归分析,分析颈椎病患者发生项韧带钙化的影响因素。 结果 两组年龄、合并糖尿病、高枕睡眠、规律体育锻炼、颈椎曲度异常、每日低头时间、血钙、血磷水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic回归方程分析结果显示,年龄、合并糖尿病、高枕睡眠、规律体育锻炼、颈椎曲度异常、每日低头时间均为颈椎病患者发生项韧带钙化的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 颈椎病患者发生项韧带钙化与年龄、合并糖尿病、高枕睡眠、规律体育锻炼、颈椎曲度异常、每日低头时间密切相关,临床可结合其针对性制定相应干预方案,以降低钙化风险、延缓颈椎病进展。

络合统血疗法治疗脾不统血证痔出血的临床疗效与安全性分析:271例门诊病例的回顾性研究

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目的:评价络合统血疗法治疗脾不统血证痔出血的临床疗效与安全性。方法:采用回顾性病例研究设计,连续纳入广州医科大学附属中医医院肛肠科门诊数据库中2023年1月5日至2025年12月24日痔出血病例。原始记录317条,去重后311例,排除4例,最终纳入307例;其中271例接受络合统血疗法,构成主要疗效与安全性分析集。全部纳入病例中医辨证均为脾不统血证。主要观察指标为治疗前后便血评分、症状总积分、止血时间、疗效分级、不良反应、复发及改行手术情况。计量资料以均数±标准差或M(P25,P75)表示,治疗前后比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验。结果:271例络合统血疗法患者中,男性181例(66.79%),女性90例(33.21%);年龄(47.83±16.37)岁。治疗前后便血评分分别为3.96±1.34分和0.72±1.33分,症状总积分分别为9.80±3.27分和2.01±2.37分,差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.001)。止血时间为3(2,5.5)d。显效201例(74.17%),有效45例(16.61%),无效25例(9.23%),总有效率为90.77%。不良反应18例(6.64%),均为轻中度;复发32例(11.81%);改行手术9例(3.32%)。结论:在脾不统血证痔出血门诊病例中,接受络合统血疗法后,便血评分与症状总积分显著下降,且短期安全性较好。

络合统血疗法治疗脾不统血证痔出血的临床疗效与安全性分析:271例门诊病例的回顾性研究

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目的:评价络合统血疗法治疗脾不统血证痔出血的临床疗效与安全性。方法:采用回顾性病例研究设计,连续纳入广州医科大学附属中医医院肛肠科门诊数据库中2023年1月5日至2025年12月24日痔出血病例。原始记录317条,去重后311例,排除4例,最终纳入307例;其中271例接受络合统血疗法,构成主要疗效与安全性分析集。全部纳入病例中医辨证均为脾不统血证。主要观察指标为治疗前后便血评分、症状总积分、止血时间、疗效分级、不良反应、复发及改行手术情况。计量资料以均数±标准差或M(P25,P75)表示,治疗前后比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验。结果:271例络合统血疗法患者中,男性181例(66.79%),女性90例(33.21%);年龄(47.83±16.37)岁。治疗前后便血评分分别为3.96±1.34分和0.72±1.33分,症状总积分分别为9.80±3.27分和2.01±2.37分,差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.001)。止血时间为3(2,5.5)d。显效201例(74.17%),有效45例(16.61%),无效25例(9.23%),总有效率为90.77%。不良反应18例(6.64%),均为轻中度;复发32例(11.81%);改行手术9例(3.32%)。结论:在脾不统血证痔出血门诊病例中,接受络合统血疗法后,便血评分与症状总积分显著下降,且短期安全性较好。

络合统血疗法治疗脾不统血证痔出血的临床疗效与安全性分析:271例门诊病例的回顾性研究

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目的:评价络合统血疗法治疗脾不统血证痔出血的临床疗效与安全性。方法:采用回顾性病例研究设计,连续纳入广州医科大学附属中医医院肛肠科门诊数据库中2023年1月5日至2025年12月24日痔出血病例。原始记录317条,去重后311例,排除4例,最终纳入307例;其中271例接受络合统血疗法,构成主要疗效与安全性分析集。全部纳入病例中医辨证均为脾不统血证。主要观察指标为治疗前后便血评分、症状总积分、止血时间、疗效分级、不良反应、复发及改行手术情况。计量资料以均数±标准差或M(P25,P75)表示,治疗前后比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验。结果:271例络合统血疗法患者中,男性181例(66.79%),女性90例(33.21%);年龄(47.83±16.37)岁。治疗前后便血评分分别为3.96±1.34分和0.72±1.33分,症状总积分分别为9.80±3.27分和2.01±2.37分,差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.001)。止血时间为3(2,5.5)d。显效201例(74.17%),有效45例(16.61%),无效25例(9.23%),总有效率为90.77%。不良反应18例(6.64%),均为轻中度;复发32例(11.81%);改行手术9例(3.32%)。结论:在脾不统血证痔出血门诊病例中,接受络合统血疗法后,便血评分与症状总积分显著下降,且短期安全性较好。
论著

TAP 水平与乳腺癌分子分型、临床病理特征的相关性分析

Relationship between TAP level and molecular typing and clinicopathological features of breast cancer

:359-366
 
       目的  探讨TAP水平与乳腺癌分子亚型及临床病理参数之间的相关性。方法  以2021年3月—2025年1月期间收治的150例乳腺癌病例为样本,采用静脉采血方式测定TAP凝聚物表面积指标,通过免疫组织化学EnVision双步染色技术,对雌激素受体(ER)、雄激素受体(AR)、孕激素受体(PR)、Ki-67及p53等表达水平进行分析,采用荧光原位杂交(FISH)对人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)基因扩增状态进行检测。结果  150例患者中,TAP强阳性131例,TAP弱阳性15例,TAP阴性4例,TAP阳性率97.33%。免疫表型:ER阴性43例,ER阳性107例;AR阳性133例,AR阴性17例;PR阴性60例,PR阳性90例;p53阳性73例,p53阴性77例;HER2强阳性41例,HER2弱阳性89例,HER2阴性20例;Ki-67增殖指数≥20% 116例,Ki-67增殖指数<20% 34例。FISH对65例免疫组织化学检测结果为HER2(2+ )的乳腺癌病例进行基因扩增状态分析,其中阳性7例,阴性58例。Ki-67高增殖组TAP表达水平显著高于低增殖组(P<0.05);不同临床分期患者TAP表达水平存在差异(P<0.05);三阴型、HER2阳性型、Luminal A型和Luminal B型的患者之间的TAP表达水平存在差异(P<0.05),各分子分型(HER2阳性型、三阴型、Luminal A型和Luminal B型)与其对应非分型组的TAP表达均无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。结论  TAP在乳腺癌中广泛表达,且与Ki-67增殖指数、临床分期呈正相关。虽然不同分子分型间TAP表达存在总体差异,但具体亚型对比未显示显著性,后期需扩大样本量验证。
       Objective  To explore the relationship between tumor abnormal protein(TAP)level and molecular typing and clinicopathological features of breast cancer.Methods  A total of 150 breast cancer cases admitted from March 2021 to January 2025 were enrolled in this study.The surface area of TAP condensates was measured using venous blood samples.The expression levels of estrogen receptor(ER),androgen receptor(AR),progesterone receptor(PR),Ki-67,and P53 were analyzed via immunohistochemistry(IHC)using the EnVision two-step staining technique.The amplification status of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2+)gene was determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).Results  Among 150 patients,131 cases were strongly positive,15 cases were weakly positive and 4 cases were negative,with a positive rate of 97.33%.Immunophenotype:ER positive in 107 cases and ER negative in 43 cases,133 cases were  positive for AR and  17 cases were negative,PR was positive in 90 cases and negative in 60 cases,73 cases were positive for p53 and 77 cases were negative.HER2 is strongly positive in 41 cases,weakly positive in 89 cases and negative in 20 cases.There were 116 cases with Ki-67 proliferation index ≥ 20% and 34 cases with Ki-67 proliferation index < 20%.Sixty-five cases of breast cancer HER2(2 )were detected in the later stage.by FISH,of which 7 cases were positive and 58 cases were negative.The expression level of TAP in patients with high Ki-67 proliferation index was higher than that in patients with low Ki-67 proliferation index(P<0.05).The expression level of TAP in patients with different clinical stages was different(P<0.05).There were differences in TAP expression levels among patients with triple negative type,HER2 positive type,Luminal A type and Luminal B type(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in TAP expression between each molecular type(triple negative type,HER2 positive type,Luminal A type and Luminal B type)and its corresponding non-typing group(all P>0.05).Conclusions  TAP is widely expressed in breast cancer,and it is positively correlated with Ki-67 proliferation index and clinical stage.Although there is a general difference in TAP expression among different molecular typing,the comparison of specific subtypes shows no significance,and it needs to be verified by expanding the sample size 
论著

放血疗法治疗小儿发热的 meta 分析

Efficacy of bloodletting therapy in the treatment of pediatric fever:A meta-analysis

:299-307
 
    目的   探讨放血疗法对小儿发热的疗效。方法   检索包括中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、CNKI、万方、维普、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等8个中、英文数据库自建库至2025年5月所发表的放血疗法治疗小儿发热的随机对照试验研究(RCT),2名研究人员根据Cochrane系统评价手册(5.1.0版)推荐的偏倚风险评估表对所纳入文献进行质量评估,采用RevMan 5.4软件对纳入文献质量进行系统分析。结果  纳入19项RCT,共2 224例患儿,其中观察组1 118例、对照组1 106例。放血疗法能够提高小儿发热的临床疗效[OR=4.18,95% CI(3.00,5.38),P<0.001];降低患儿24 h内高热复发率[OR=0.12,95% CI(0.05,0.34),P<0.001];缩短平均退热时间[MD=-1.78,95% CI(-2.56,-1.00),P<0.001]。结论  放血疗法能够提高小儿发热的临床疗效,降低复发率,缩短退热时间,可作为小儿发热的辅助治疗方法。
       Objective  To explore the efficacy of bloodletting therapy treatment on pediatric fever by meta-analysis.Methods  The randomised controlled trials(RCTs)examining bloodletting therapy for paediatric fever were  retrieved from eight Chinese and English databases—China Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library—covering publications from the establishment of each database up to May 2025.Two researchers assessed study quality using the risk of bias assessment tool recommended in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews(version 5.1.0).RevMan 5.4 software was employed for systematic analysis of included studies.Results  Nineteen RCTs involving 2 224 patients were ultimately included,comprising 1 118 patients in the observation group and 1 106 in the control group.Results indicated that bloodletting therapy significantly improved clinical efficacy in paediatric fever(OR=4.18,95% CI[3.00,5.38],P<0.001),reduced the recurrence rate of high fever within 24 hours(OR=0.12,95% CI[0.05,0.34],P<0.001),and shortened the average time to fever resolution(MD=-1.78,95% CI[-2.56,-1.00],P<0.001).Conclusions  Bloodletting therapy can improve the clinical efficacy of pediatric fever,reduce the recurrence rate and shorten the time of fever reduction,and can be used as an adjunctive treatment for pediatric fever.
医院管理

《医疗保障基金使用监督管理条例》实施情况调查分析——以广东省为例

Investigation and analysis on the implementation of the “Regulation on the Supervision and Administration of the Use of Healthcare Security Funds” :Based on data from Guangdong Province

:248-256
 
       目的 了解《医疗保障基金使用监督管理条例》(以下简称《条例》)在广东省实施的情况,分析其存在的问题与挑战, 提出改进建议。方法 依据《条例》设计调查问卷,采用便利抽样方法 , 针对广东省医保基金相关监管人员和医院工作人员展开问卷调查, 并进一步围绕相关主题展开深度访谈, 以便更全面地了解《条例》的实施情况。结果 回收有效问卷1 473份, 数据分析显示《条例》的实施有效遏制了违规行为、提高了监管效率、落实了信用管理制度、促进了服务规范性与费用合理化, 但同时也存在着部分违规行为仍难以监管、政策培训效果欠佳、技术支撑能力薄弱等问题。结论 在持续推进现有各项监管举措的基础上, 需进一步细化《条例》的具体内容, 加大政策培训与宣传力度, 持续完善技术支撑手段, 以提升基金监管效能。
        Objective To understand the specific implementation of the “Regulation on the Supervision and Administration of the Use of Healthcare Security Funds”(hereinafter referred to as the “Regulations”)in Guangdong Province, analyze its existing problems and challenges, and propose improvement suggestions.Methods A questionnaire was designed based on the “Regulations”, and a convenience survey method was adopted to conduct questionnaire surveys among regulatory personnel related to medical insurance funds and hospital staff.Further in-depth interviews were conducted around relevant themes to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the implementation of the “Regulations.” Results The implementation of the “Regulations” has effectively curbed violations, improved regulatory efficiency, implemented a credit management system, and promoted service standardization and cost rationalization.However, challenges remain,such as difficulties in regulating certain violations, suboptimal policy training outcomes, and weak technical support capabilities.Conclusions On the basis of continuously advancing existing regulatory measures, it is necessary to further refine the specific content of the “Regulations” strengthen policy training and publicity efforts, and continuously improve information technology support methods to better enhance the effectiveness of fund supervision.
论著

重性抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群特征与SSRIs类抗抑郁药疗效的关联分析

Analysis of the association between gut microbiota characteristics and efficacy of SSRIs antidepressants in patients with major depressive disorder

:233-239
 
      目的 探讨重性抑郁障碍(MDD)患者肠道菌群特征与选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)疗效的关联性, 筛选可预测SSRIs疗效的肠道菌群生物标志物。方法 选取2024年5月—2025年5月宁夏回族自治区人民医院收治的90例MDD患者, 根据SSRIs治疗8周后疗效分为应答组56例和无应答组34例, 并选择30例健康对照, 采集基线粪便样本进行16S rRNA基因测序, 分析肠道菌群α多样性、菌属相对丰度差异,并通过相关性分析、多因素Logistic回归及ROC曲线评估菌群标志物对SSRIs疗效的预测价值。结果 MDD患者肠道菌群Chao1指数、Shannon指数低于健康对照(P<0.05), 应答组与无应答组α多样性无差异(P>0.05)。应答组基线Blautia、双歧杆菌属、粪球菌属丰度高于无应答组(P<0.05), 大肠杆菌-志贺菌属丰度低于无应答组(P<0.05)。基线Blautia、双歧杆菌属、粪球菌属丰度与SSRIs治疗8周HAMD-17减分率呈正相关(r分别为0.390、0.420、0.350,均P<0.05), 三者联合预测SSRIs疗效的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.910(灵敏度83.9%,特异度85.3%)。结论 MDD患者存在肠道菌群结构异常, 基线Blautia、双歧杆菌属、粪球菌属丰度可作为SSRIs疗效的潜在预测标志物,为MDD个体化治疗提供实验依据。
       Objective To explore the association between gut microbiota characteristics and the efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)in patients with major depressive disorder(MDD), and to screen gut microbiota biomarkers for predicting SSRIs efficacy.Methods A total of 90 MDD patients(divided into responders[n=56] and non-responders[n=34] based on 8-week SSRIs efficacy)and 30 healthy controls were enrolled from May 2024 to May 2025.Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze gut microbiota α diversity and genus-level relative abundance.Correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the predictive value of microbiota markers for SSRIs efficacy.Results The Chao1 and Shannon indices of gut microbiota in MDD patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls(P<0.05), with no difference between responders and non-responders(P>0.05).Responders had higher baseline abundances of Blautia,Bifidobacterium, and Coprococcus(P<0.05), and lower abundance of Escherichia-Shigella compared to non-responders.Baseline abundances of Blautia,Bifidobacterium(P<0.05), and Coprococcus were positively correlated with 8-week HAMD-17 reduction rate(r=0.390, 0.420, 0.350; all P<0.05).The combined prediction of these three genera for SSRIs efficacy showed an area under the curve of 0.910(sensitivity 83.9%, specificity 85.3%).Conclusions MDD patients exhibit abnormal gut microbiota structure.Baseline abundances of Blautia,Bifidobacterium, and Coprococcus may serve as potential predictive biomarkers for SSRIs efficacy, providing experimental basis for personalized treatment of MDD.
论著

老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱前期、衰弱现状调查及影响因素分析

Status of preoperative weakness and influencing factors in elderly patients with osteoporotic fracture

:188-194
 
       目的 调查老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱现况,并分析影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法, 2024年11月—2025年3月, 选取于广州市某三甲医院骨科住院的207例老年脆性骨折患者, 使用一般资料调查表、简易衰弱评估量表、简版流调中心抑郁量表、广泛性焦虑量表和营养风险筛查量表2002开展问卷调查。采用有序分类Logistic回归, 分析老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱的影响因素。结果 207例老年脆性骨折患者的术前衰弱前期占48.3%, 衰弱发生率为23.2%。有序分类Logistic 回归分析结果显示年龄(OR=1.131)、睡眠差(OR=2.557)、合并3种及以上慢性病(OR=3.990)、抑郁(OR=3.296)、营养不良风险(OR=4.005)为老年脆性骨折患者术前衰弱的危险因素,BMI正常(OR=0.206)是保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论 老年脆性骨折患者年龄, 睡眠情况, 多种共病,抑郁, 存在营养不良风险及BMI影响其术前衰弱水平, 重视衰弱的筛查及早期干预, 提升患者治疗效果和生活质量。
       Objective To explore the preoperative frailty status and influencing factors in elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures.Methods Using convenience sampling, 207 elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures admitted to the orthopedic department of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from November 2024 to March 2025 were selected.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Frail Scale, the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D-10), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7), and the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002).Logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing preoperative frailty.Results Among 207 elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures, the incidence of early stages of frailty was 48.3%, and the incidence of frailty was 23.2%.Logistic regression analysis revealed the following risk factors for preoperative frailty:age(OR=1.131), poor sleep quality(OR=2.557), multiple chronic comorbidities(OR=3.990), depression(OR=3.296), nutritional risk(OR=4.005).Normal body mass index(OR=0.206)was a protective factor.Conclusions Advanced age,poor sleep quality, multiple chronic comorbidities, depression, nutritional risk and body mass index are associated with frailty in elderly osteoporotic fracture patients.Health care providers should pay attention to frailty screening and early intervention, which can reverse or delay the progression of frailty and improve the treatment effect and quality of life of patients.
论著

延边州 70 例布鲁氏菌病临床特点分析

Clinical characteristics of 70 cases of brucellosis in Yanbian Prefecture

:100-104
 
      目的   分析布鲁氏菌病的临床表现以及实验室检查结果中的关键特征,系统总结布鲁氏菌病的诊断流程和治疗策略。方法   选择2013年11月—2023年11月在延边大学附属医院通过血清虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)及试管凝集试验(SAT)检测技术确诊的70名布鲁氏菌病住院病例,对患者的流行病学资料、临床表现特征以及常规实验室检查结果进行回顾性分析,进而总结临床特点。结果  70例布鲁氏菌病患者中,男性占84.29%,中位年龄45岁(IQR 35~58岁);91.43%具有牛/羊接触史。急性期占92.86%,主要症状为发热(100%)、多汗(88.57%)、关节痛(84.29%)及肝脾肿大(55.71%),90%为不规则热型。误诊率27.14%,多误诊为败血症或骨关节疾病。联合抗菌药物治疗(利福平+多西环素)有效。结论   延边州布鲁氏菌病非典型症状(如不规则热型)增加导致误诊率高。流行病学史(牛/羊接触史)是诊断关键。需强化对有牛羊接触史人群的防护意识及措施,提高临床对接触史线索和不规则热型等非典型表现的识别能力,规范治疗并控制传染源以遏制疫情。
   Objective  To analyze the clinical manifestations of  brucellosis and the  key characteristics in laboratory testing,and systematically summarize the diagnostic process and treatment strategies of brucellosis.Methods  The 70 patients with brucellosis diagnosed via rose bengal test(RBT)and standard agglutination test(SAT) were at Yanbian University Affiliated 
Hospital from November 2013 to November 2023.This study conducted a retrospective analysis of the epidemiological data,clinical manifestations and routine laboratory pathological examination data of these patients,and the characteristics of clinical changes were summarized.Results  Among the 70 patients with brucellosis,84.29% were male,with a median age of 45(IQR 35-58);91.43% patients had a history of cattle/sheep exposure.The acute phase accounted for 92.86%,and the main symptoms were fever(100%),sweating(88.57%),arthragia(84.29%),hepatosplenomegaly(55.71%),and 90% were irregular fever.The misdiagnosis rate was 27.14%,and most of them were misdiagnosed as sepsis or osteoarthritis.Combined treatment with antibiotics(rifampin + doxycycline)was effective.Conclusions  The increase in atypical symptoms(such as irregular heat type)leads to a high misdiagnosis rate.Epidemiological history(cattle/sheep contact)is the key to diagnosis.It is necessary to strengthen occupational protection and atypical case identification,standardize treatment and control the source of infection to curb the epidemic.
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