综述

青少年群体述情障碍的研究进展

Advances in the study of alexithymia among adolescent populations

:30-38
 
       述情障碍(alexithymia)是一种主要表现为难以识别和描述情绪情感、社交依附和人际交往能力匮乏的人格特质与心理特征。近年来,述情障碍的发生在青少年群体中日益普遍,这不仅对青少年的身心健康造成威胁,还给家庭与社会带来沉重负担。因此,本研究通过系统回顾国内外相关文献,综述青少年述情障碍的评估工具、影响因素及干预方式,旨在为青少年述情障碍的早期识别与预防,以及干预措施的制定与应用提供参考依据。
    Alexithymia is a psychological trait characterized by difficulty in identifying and describing emotional feelings,as well as deficits in social attachment and interpersonal communication skills.In recent years,the prevalence of alexithymia among adolescents has become increasingly common,posing significant threats to their physical and mental health and imposing a heavy burden on families and society.This study conducts a systematic review of relevant literature from domestic and international databases to examine the influencing factors,assessment tools,and intervention strategies for adolescent alexithymia.The findings aim to provide a reference for early identification,prevention,and the development and application of targeted interventions for adolescent 
alexithymia.
综述

中医药调控 CD4+ T 细胞亚群防治动脉粥样硬化的研究进展

Research progress on the regulation of CD4+ T cell subsets by traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis

:24-29
 
       动脉粥样硬化(AS)是一种起始于炎症介导的内皮损伤的慢性血管疾病,其本质是免疫炎症驱动的病理过程,是众多心血管疾病的病理基础。CD4+  T细胞亚群[包括辅助性T细胞1型(T helper 1 cell,Th1)、Th2、Th17、调节性T细胞等]通过分泌特异性细胞因子参与AS的炎症反应,其中促炎性CD4+  T细胞与抗炎性CD4+  T细胞的抗炎功能失衡是推动斑块进展的关键环节,在AS斑块形成与发展中起关键作用。近年来,多项研究表明某些中药单体、经典复方及其有效成分,具有多靶点、多层次机制调控CD4+  T细胞分化及功能,这些作用共同减轻血管内皮炎症反应、抑制巨噬细胞泡沫化及平滑肌细胞迁移等,延缓AS斑块形成与发展,为AS防治提供了新思路,展现了中医药在该领域的研究展现出独特优势与广阔前景,本文综述了中医药通过干预CD4+  T细胞亚群平衡防治AS的最新研究进展,及其影响相关细胞因子网络及关键信号通路的作用机制,为开发具有多靶点协同优势的创新中药与中西医结合治疗方案提供了关键理论依据与实践方向。
       Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic vascular disease that originates from inflammation mediated endothelial 
damage.Its essence is a pathological process driven by immune inflammation,and it is the pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases.CD4+  T cell subsets(including Th1,Th2,Th17,Treg,etc.)participate in the inflammatory response of AS by secreting specific cytokines.The imbalance of anti-inflammatory function between pro-inflammatory CD4+  T cells and anti-inflammatory CD4+T cells is a key link in promoting plaque progression and playing a crucial role in the formation and development of AS plaques.In recent years,a number of studies have shown that the monomers,classic prescriptions and their effective ingredients of Chinese herbs have the effect of multi-target,multi-level mechanism to regulate the differentiation and function of CD4+  T cells.These effects together reduce the inflammatory reaction of vascular endothelium,inhibit the foam formation of macrophages and smooth muscle cell migration,delay the formation and development of AS plaque,provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AS,and make the research of Chinese medicine show unique advantages and broad prospects in this field.This article  reviews the latest  research progress of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of AS by intervening in the balance of CD4+  T cell subsets,as well as the mechanism of its effects on related cytokine networks and key signal pathways.This provides a key theoretical basis and practical direction for the development of innovative traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment plans with multi-target synergistic advantages.
综述

缺氧诱导因子调控的铁死亡及其在胃肠道疾病中的作用研究进展

Research progress in hypoxia-inducible factor regulated ferroptosis and its implications in gastrointestinal disease

:16-23
 
       铁死亡是一种以铁依赖性脂质过氧化为特征的程序性细胞死亡形式。近年来研究表明,铁死亡与缺氧应答的关键调控因子——缺氧诱导因子(HIF)存在密切关联。HIF(包括HIF-1α、HIF-2α、HIF-3α三种亚型)调控的铁死亡在结直肠癌、胃癌、溃疡性结肠炎及其他胃肠黏膜损伤性疾病中发挥作用,影响疾病的发生发展。但目前关于HIF-铁死亡通路在不同胃肠道疾病中的差异化作用及调控机制尚未完全阐明。因此,本文对HIF各亚型调控铁死亡的分子机制及其在胃肠道疾病中的作用进行综述,以期为靶向HIF-铁死亡通路治疗相关疾病提供新的思路。
       Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.Recent 
studies have demonstrated a close association between ferroptosis and hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF),the key  regulator of the hypoxic response.Ferroptosis regulated by HIF(comprising three isoforms:HIF-1α,HIF-2α,and HIF-3α)plays a  role in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer,ulcerative colitis,and other gastrointestinal mucosal injury diseases,impacting their initiation and progression.However,the differential roles and regulatory mechanisms of the HIF-ferroptosis pathway in various gastrointestinal diseases remain incompletely elucidated.Therefore,this  review  summarizes the molecular mechanism networks through which individual HIF isoforms regulate ferroptosis and their roles in gastrointestinal diseases,with the aim of providing new perspectives for targeting the HIF-ferroptosis pathway to treat relevant diseases.
医院管理

我国华东五省市紧密型城市医疗集团建设现状与对策研究

Study on the present situation and countermeasures of the construction of compact city medical groups in five provinces in east China

:9-15
 
       目的   通过总结分析我国华东五省市紧密型城市医疗集团的实践经验,为全面推进紧密型城市医疗集团建设,促进区域内医疗资源的优化整合和高效利用提供借鉴和参考。方法   采用内容分析法从责权协同、资源协同、业务协同和机制协同四个维度对上海闵行、浙江湖州、江苏淮安、安徽铜陵、山东青岛五个紧密型医疗集团建设的实践经验进行梳理和对比分析。结果   各地区医疗集团建设总体具备政府主导,集团共建,一体化管理、同质化服务等紧密型医疗集团特点,但存在权责归属失配、利益分配机制缺失、信息化建设不均衡、基层服务能力不足、一体化管理不全面、机制协同有待加强等问题。结论   建议通过完善治理体系、均衡利益分配、强化数字赋能、推进强基提能、落实配套政策等措施,切实推动紧密型城市医疗集团高质量发展。
       Objective  To  summarize  and  analyze the  practical  experience  of  compact  city medical  groups in five provinces and cities in East China,for reference of promoting the construction of compact city medical groups,and promoting the optimization,integration and efficient utilization of medical resources in the region.Methods  The content analysis method was used to sort out and compare the practical experience of building such compact medical groups in Shanghai Minhang,Zhejiang Huzhou,Jiangsu Huai’an,Anhui Tongling and Shandong Qingdao from the four dimensions of responsibility and power synergy,resource synergy,business synergy and mechanism synergy.Results  Such medical groups are characterized by government-led,group co-construction,integrated management,and homogeneous services.However,there are such problems as mismatched ownership of rights and responsibilities,lack of interest distribution mechanism,unbalanced information construction,insufficient primary service capacity,incomplete integrated management,and mechanism coordination to be strengthened.Conclusions  It is recommended to effectively promote the high-quality development of compact city medical groups by improving the governance system,balancing the distribution of interests,strengthening digital empowerment,promoting the strengthening of energy,and implementing supporting policies.
专家述评

科技赋能,助推主动脉外科新时代高速发展

Technological innovation spurs high-speed advancement of aortic surgery in new era

:1-8
 
       主动脉外科已走过70年的辉煌岁月,现有诊疗体系已基本解决“挽救患者生命”的重要时代议题。如今,新一轮科技革命悄然来临,我国主动脉外科广大同仁应主动转变以“量”取胜的传统观念,寻找学科内容不足,明确诊疗环节短板,提炼问题底层逻辑,以“质”换空间,扩展学科边界。学科发展更应秉持开放包容之心态,坚持守正创新之原则,借助不同学科技术优势,努力解决目前诊疗活动各环节中仍存在的问题及争议点,为我国广大人民群众提供精细化的诊疗服务。

       For the past 70 years of aortic surgery,the current diagnosis and treatment strategies have generally solved the important issue of “saving lives”.Nowadays,the new scientific and technological revolution is coming.The practitioners in aortic surgery should change the traditional perception and look for the insufficiency and the shortcomings of diagnosis and treatment,which finally expand the boundaries of the discipline.Moreover,the discipline development shall be more open-minded and persist in innovation.We should take the advantages of different discipline technologies,and strive to solve the current issues and controversies remaining in diagnosis and treatment toward providing refined services for the public.
医院管理

医院药房代煎代送服务的质量控制管理探讨

Discussion on quality control management of hospital pharmacy decoction and delivery services

:1761-1766
 
       目的   探讨医院药房外包代煎代送服务的质量管理。方法   成立中药代煎质量控制管理小组,研究给出完善质量控制体系的策略,涉及建立标准化操作流程、加强人员培训、优化信息化管理系统以及健全监督评估机制。   通过对中药库房的采购、入库验收、在库管理、调剂环节的审方、调剂、煎药质量管理以及物流、发药人员全流程管理,提高了患者的满意度,更多的患者选择了中药代煎服务。结论   实施有效的质量控制措施可提高代煎代送服务的质量,为医院药房提升服务质量给予理论依据与实践指导。
       Objective  To explore quality management of outsourced decoction preparation and delivery services in hospital pharmacies.Methods  A quality control management team for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoction preparation was established to develop strategies for improving the quality control system.These strategies involved establishing standardized operating procedures,strengthening personnel training,optimizing the information management system,and improving the supervision and evaluation mechanism.Results  Through comprehensive process management,covering procurement,warehouse acceptance,inventory management,prescription review in the dispensing stage,dispensing itself,quality control of decoction preparation,logistics,and management of dispensing personnel,patient satisfaction was enhanced,leading more patients to opt for the TCM decoction service.Conclusions  Implementing effective quality control measures can improve the quality of decoction preparation and delivery services,providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for hospital pharmacies to enhance their service quality.

论著

育龄期乳腺癌患者子代健康担忧与遗传风险认知对生育意愿的影响

The influence of health concerns for offspring and genetic risk perception on fertility intentions among women of childbearing age with breast cancer

:1754-1760
 
       目的   了解育龄期乳腺癌患者对子代健康和遗传风险担忧现状及其对癌症诊断前后生育意愿改变的影响。方法   于2019年11月—2020年9月,采用中文版癌症后生育忧虑量表(RCAC)-子女健康亚量表对广州市某三甲医院的230例育龄期乳腺癌患者进行调查,应用SPSS 26.0及PSM插件对结果进行统计分析。在进行子女健康亚量表得分低分组和中高分组患者的生育意愿改变率的比较时,应用倾向性评分匹配法控制混杂因素。结果   育龄期乳腺癌患者对子代健康和遗传风险担忧得分为(11.40±2.99)分;匹配前后不同子女健康亚量表得分分组的患者在癌症诊断前后生育意愿改变率的差异均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论   育龄期乳腺癌患者对子代健康和遗传风险的担忧虽然没有显著影响其生育意愿的改变,但其对子代健康和遗传风险担忧处于较高水平,临床医护人员应提高对这一现象的重视,可通过多渠道科普相关知识,开展遗传咨询服务以减轻患者的担忧。
      Objective  To explore the current status of childbearing age breast cancer patients’  concerns  about their children’s health and genetic risk and its influence on the change of fertility intention before and after cancer diagnosis.Methods  From November 2019 to September 2020,the Chinese version of the Reproductive Concern After Cancer Scale(RCAC)- Children’s Health Sub-scale was used to interview 230 patients with breast cancer of childbearing age in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou,and SPSS 26.0 and PSM plug-in were used to analyze the results statistically.The  propensity  score matching method was used to control confounding factors when comparing the change  rate of fertility intention of patients with low scores and those with medium and high scores in the children health subscale.Results  The score of concern for the health and genetic risk of children in breast cancer patients of childbearing age was(11.40±2.99).There was no statistically significant difference in the change  rate of fertility intention before and after cancer diagnosis among patients with different subscale scores of children’s health.Conclusions   Despite not significantly impacting fertility intentions,the notably high level of concern regarding children’s health and genetic risks among childbearing-age breast cancer patients necessitates increased clinical awareness.It is recommended that healthcare professionals address this through multi-channel education and genetically focused counseling within a collaborative model to mitigate patient distress.
论著

残余胆固醇对糖尿病合并冠心病患者心力衰竭的预测价值

The predictive value of residual cholesterol for heart failure in patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease

:1745-1753
 
      目的   残余胆固醇(RC)是反映动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常的重要指标,其在糖尿病合并冠心病患者中的临床意义尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨RC水平对糖尿病合并冠心病患者心力衰竭风险的预测价值,并分析其相关性。方法   本研究为回顾性横断面研究,纳入2021年1月—2024年1月期间在鹤壁市人民医院接受诊治的292例糖尿病合并冠心病患者。根据是否存在心力衰竭分为心力衰竭组(128例)和无心力衰竭组(164例)。对基线特征进行比较,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析RC与心力衰竭的相关性。同时,通过限制性立方样条(RCS)分析探讨RC与心力衰竭风险的线性关系,并通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线和曲线下面积(AUC)评估RC的预测价值。结果   心力衰竭组患者的男性比例、高血压患病率、RC水平等高于无心力衰竭组,而估算肾小球滤过率水平显著降低(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,RC>0.7 mmol/L显著增加心力衰竭风险(OR=1.854,95%CI:1.161~2.960,P=0.010)。多因素Logistic回归分析中,全调整模型结果显示,RC作为分类变量时,RC>0.7 mmol/L的患者心力衰竭风险显著增加1.891倍(OR=1.891,95%CI:1.047~3.415,P=0.035);作为连续变量时,RC每增加1单位,心力衰竭风险增加2.464倍(OR=2.464,95%CI1.495~4.064,P<0.001);Log10RC的风险比为6.411(95%CI:2.246~18.302,P=0.001);标化RC的风险比为1.687(95%CI:1.262~2.255,P<0.001)。限制性立方样条分析表明RC与心力衰竭风险呈线性正相关,ROC分析显示RC预测心力衰竭的AUC为0.621(95%CI:0.555~0.687,P<0.001)。结论  RC水平与糖尿病合并冠心病患者心力衰竭风险显著相关,且呈线性正相关。RC具有一定的预测价值,可作为该人群心力衰竭风险评估的潜在指标。
       Objective  Residual cholesterol(RC)is  an important marker  reflecting  dyslipidemia  associated with atherosclerosis.Its clinical significance in patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease(CHD)remains unclear.To explore the predictive value of RC level for the risk of heart failure(HF)in patients with diabetes and CHD and analyze their association.Methods  This retrospective cross-sectional study included 292 patients with diabetes and CHD who were treated at Hebi People’s Hospital between January 2021 and January 2024.Patients were divided into the HF group(128 cases)and the non-HF group(164 cases)based on the presence of HF.Baseline characteristics were compared,and univariate and multivariate Logistic  regression analyses were performed to assess the association between RC and HF.Additionally,restricted cubic spline(RCS)analysis was used to explore the linear relationship between RC and HF risk,and the predictive value of RC was evaluated using receiveroperating characteristic(ROC)curves and the area under the curve(AUC).Results  The HF group had significantly higher proportions of males,hypertension prevalence and RC levels,while estimated glomerular filtration rate were significantly lower compared to the non-HF group(P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that RC>0.7 mmol/L significantly increased the risk of HF(OR=1.854,95%CI:1.161–2.960,P=0.010).In the fully adjusted multivariate Logistic regression model,RC(RC>0.7 mmol/L)was associated with a 1.891-fold increased risk of HF as a categorical variable(OR=1.891,95%CI:1.047–3.415,P=0.035).As a continuous variable,each increased unit in RC was associated with a 2.464-fold increased risk of HF(OR=2.464,95%CI1.495–4.064,P<0.001).The odds ratios for Log10RC and standardized RC were 6.411(95%CI:2.246–18.302,P=0.001)and 1.687(95%CI:1.262–2.255,P<0.001),respectively.ROC analysis indicated a linear positive association between RC and HF risk(P=0.002).ROC analysis showed that RC had predictive value for HF,with an AUC of 0.621(95%CI:0.555–0.687,P<0.001).Conclusions  RC levels are significantly associated with the risk of HF in patients with diabetes and CHD,demonstrating a linear positive correlation.RC has potential predictive value and may serve as a useful indicator for assessing HFrisk in this population.
论著

广州市某三甲医院老年住院患者服务需求现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of elderly patients’ service needs in Guangzhou

:1736-1744
 
       目的   调查老年人照护服务需求现状并分析其影响因素,为构建基于需求为导向的老年照护服务体系提供参考依据。方法  采用便利抽样法,选取广州市某三甲医院212名老年人作为调查对象,采用日常生活能力量表、Fried衰弱评估量表及自行编制的老年人需求评估问卷进行调查。结果   老年人对运动与营养(1.96±0.90分)、心理慰藉(2.63±0.85分)、安宁服务(2.73±1.07分)的需求水平较高。多因素线性回归分析结果显示养老方式、日常生活活动能力、爱好数量、性别、衰弱等级、有无主要照顾者是照护服务需求的影响因素(P均<0.05),可解释61.5%的变异量。   老年人的照护服务需求受多种因素的影响。应根据老年人的不同特征,构建供需匹配的多元化,多层次照护体系。
       Objective  To investigate the status quo of care service needs of the elderly and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a reference for the construction of a needs-oriented care service system for the elderly.Methods  A total of 212 elderly people from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou were selected by convenience sampling method and investigated with the Activity of Daily Living scale,Fried frailty scale and the self-designed elderly needs assessment questionnaire.Results  Elderly patients had higher demands for exercise,nutrition,psychological comfort and hospice services.The results of multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of care service demand included pension style,activities of daily living,number of hobbies,gender,frailty level,and having main caregivers(all P<0.05),which could explain 61.5% of the variation.Conclusions  The care needs of elderly patients are affected by many factors.A diversified and multi-level care system with matching supply and demand should be constructed according to the different characteristics of the elderly.
论著

认知行为疗法联合治疗性沟通对 ESD 术后患者心理及治疗依从性的效果

Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with therapeutic communication on psychological health and therapy compliance of ESD patients

:1730-1735
 
       目的   探究认知行为疗法联合治疗性沟通在对内镜黏膜下剥离(ESD)术患者心理及治疗依从性的效果。方法   前瞻性选取2023年3月至2025年3月鹰潭市一八四医院收治的122例行ESD术的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为A、B组,B组56例患者采取治疗性沟通干预,A组66例患者采用认知行为疗法联合治疗性沟通干预,两组均连续干预2个月。比较两组患者干预前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评分、Herth希望指数量表(HHI)评分差异,对比两组干预依从性。结果   干预后,两组SAS、SDS评分均下降且A组低于B组(t分别为12.096、10.326,P<0.05);干预后,两组CD-RISC量表各项评分均提高且A组高于B组(t分别为18.483、12.060、13.622,P<0.05);干预后,两组HHI量表各项评分均上升且A组高于B组(t分别为1.289、11.568、12.527、13.794,P<0.05);A组患者总依从率96.97%(64/66)高于B组80.36%(45/56)(χ 2 =8.782,P<0.05)。论   认知行为疗法联合治疗性沟通在ESD术患者中干预效果理想,能够明显改善患者负性情绪,提高心理弹性及对疾病康复的希望水平,有效提升依从性。
       Objective  To explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with therapeutic communication on psychological  health and therapy compliance of patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Methods  Prospectively,122 patients who underwent ESD at Yingtan 184 Hospital from March 2023 to March 2025 were selected as the research subjects.These patients were randomly divided into Group A and Group B using the random number table method,and 56 patients in group B were treated with therapeutic communication,66 patients in group A were treated with cognitive behavioral therapy combined with therapeutic communication,and both groups were continuously intervened for 2 months.The  scores of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and Herth Hope Index(HHI)were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Therapy compliance between the two groups was compared.Results  After treatment,the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were decreased,and the scores of group A was lower than that of group B(t=12.096,10.326,P<0.05)after the intervention,the scores of the CD-RISC scale of the two groups were improved,and the score of group A was higher than that of group B(t=18.483,12.060,13.622,P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of HHI scale in both groups increased and score of group A was higher than that ofgroup Bt=11.289,11.568,12.527,13.794,P<0.05).The total compliance rate of patients in group A was 96.97%(64/66),which was significantly higher than 80.36%(45/56)in group B(χ 2 =8.782,P<0.05).Conclusions  Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with therapeutic communication has an ideal effect in ESD patients,which can significantly improve patients’ negative emotions,psychological resilience and hope for disease recovery,and also therapy compliance.
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