论著

贝伐珠单抗联合化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者 MSH2、MLHI、MSH6 和 PMS2 水平影响

The effect of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy on the levels of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6 and PMS2 in patients with advanced colorectal cancer

:809-814
 
       目的   分析贝伐珠单抗与化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者4种错配修复蛋白(MSH2、MLHI、MSH6、PMS2)水平影响。方法   选择2022年1月—2024年1月江苏省宿迁市中医院肿瘤科102例晚期结直肠癌患者,按抽签法分成两组,即化疗组及联合组,各51例。化疗组应用FOLFOX(亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂+氟尿嘧啶)方案进行化疗,联合组采取贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFOX方案治疗。对比其肿瘤控制效果、免疫功能及MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2水平变化,并对比组间不良反应发生率。结果   联合组客观缓解率、疾病控制率高于化疗组(P<0.05);治疗后联合组患者CD4+ 、CD3+ 、CD8+ 、和CD4+ /CD8+数值高于化疗组,且两组治疗后均低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2缺失率对比无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其阳性、阴性表达情况对比差异有统计学意义,联合组MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2阳性率低于化疗组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论   对晚期结直肠癌在化疗基础上增加贝伐珠单抗抗肿瘤效果显著,改善其免疫功能,虽无法改善患者错配修复蛋白缺损,但可辅助降低其阳性率,且不影响安全性。
       Objective  To analyze the effects of bevacizumab and chemotherapy on the levels of four mismatch  repair proteins(MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,PMS2)in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.Methods  A total of 102 patients with advanced colorectal cancer from the Oncology Department of Suqian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in  Jiangsu Province from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected,and were divided into two groups according to the drawing method,namely the chemotherapy group and the combination group,with 51 patients in each group.The chemotherapy group received FOLFOX(calcium folinate+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil)regimen for chemotherapy,while the combination group received bevacizumab combined with FOLFOX regimen for treatment.Tumor control effect,immune function,and changes in MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 levels,and its incidence of adverse reactions were compared.Results  The objective remission rate and disease control rate of the combined group were higher than those of the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).After treatment,the CD4+ ,CD3+ ,CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+ values in the combination group were higher than those in the chemotherapy group,and those after treatment were lower than those before treatment in both groups(P<0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in the deletion  rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 between the two groups of patients(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in their positive and negative expression.The positive rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 in the combination group were lower than those in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse  reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions  Adding bevacizumab on the basis of chemotherapy has a significant anti-tumor effect on advanced colorectal cancer,improving its immune function.Although it cannot improve the mismatch  repair protein defect in patients,it can assist in reducing its positivity rate and has high safety.
论著

机械通气危重患者卧位与中心静脉压的关系研究

The relationship between lying angle and central venous pressure in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation

:804-808
 
       目的   探讨机械通气危重患者卧位与中心静脉压(CVP)的关系。方法   选取2022年1月—2024年1月开封市中医院收治的110例机械通气危重患者作为研究对象进行回顾性分析,依照患者不同卧床体位进行分组,分为平卧位组(n=20)、30°卧位组(n=30)、45°卧位组(n=40)、60°卧位组(n=20),分析机械通气危重患者卧位与中心静脉压的关系。结果   不同体位患者呼吸频率(RR)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、平均动脉压(MAP)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同体位患者CVP水平比较差异有统计学意义,平卧位组更高(P<0.05);Spearman相关分析结果表明,RR、HR、SpO2、MAP与体位无相关性(P>0.05),CVP与体位角度呈负相关(P<0.05);体位一直无变化的患者5 min、10 min CVP差值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),5 min内变化体位与5~10 min变化体位患者CVP差值有所变化(P<0.05);CVP水平可随着体位角度增加而降低,随着呼气末正压(PEEP)水平升高而升高(P<0.05)。结论   机械通气危重患者CVP可随着体位及PEEP水平变化而发生改变,因此针对患者监测CVP过程中可尽量让患者保持平卧位5 min后,且确保每次监测过程中PEEP稳定时进行CVP监测,可在监测后再对患者进行体位调整,确保CVP数据准确的同时,提升患者舒适度。
       Objective  To explore the relationship between lying angle and central venous pressure(CVP)in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.Methods  A  retrospective analysis was conducted on 110 critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to January 2024.The patients were divided into three groups based on their different bed positions:supine position group(n=20),30° lying angle group(n=30),45° lying angle groupn=40),and 60° lying angle group(n=20).The relationship between CVP and lying angle of patients were compared.Results  There was no significant difference in respiratory rate(RR),heart rate(HR),blood oxygen saturation(SpO2),and mean arterial pressure(MAP)between patients in different lying angle(P>0.05),and there was a significant difference in CVP among patients in different lying angle.The supine position group had a significantly higher CVP(P<0.05).The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that RR,HR,SpO2,MAP were not significantly correlated with lying angle(P>0.05),while CVP was negatively correlated with body lying angle(P<0.05).There was no significant difference(P>0.05)in CVP between 5 minutes and 10 minutes in patients with no changes in lying angle,while patients with changes in lying angle within 5 minutes and those between 5 minutes and 10 minutes showed significant changes(P<0.05).CVP levels decreased with increasing lying angle and increased with increasing PEEP level(P<0.05).Conclusions  The CVP of critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation can change with lying angle and PEEP level.Therefore,during the monitoring of CVP for patients,it is advisable to keep them in a supine position for 5 minutes and ensure that PEEP is monitored simultaneously during each monitoring process.After monitoring,the patient’s posture can be adjusted to ensure accurate CVP data and improve patient’s comfort level.
论著

钝性分离扩皮法与常规扩皮法在乳腺癌术后患者 PICC 置管中的应用效果

Application effect of blunt separating skin expansion and conventional skin expansion in PICC catheterization for patients with breast cancer after operation

:798-803
 
       目的  对比分析钝性分离扩皮法与常规扩皮法对乳腺癌术后患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)置管应用效果。方法  选取2022年4月—2024年4月在天津肿瘤医院空港医院接受治疗的120例乳腺癌术后PICC置管患者,依据随机数字表法进行分组处理。对照组60例给予常规扩皮法,观察组60例给予钝性分离扩皮法,对比两组患者扩皮结果。结果  观察组患者满意度为96.67%,对照组患者满意度为86.67%(χ 2 =3.927,P=0.048);观察组患者的穿刺点血液浸湿面积分别为穿刺后即刻(0.87±0.14)cm2 、1 d后(4.89±0.94)cm2 以及3 d后(0.21±0.05)cm2 ,均低于对照组的(2.74±0.63)(9.89±2.04)(0.44±0.12)cm2 ,对比差异有统计学意义(t=22.444、17.243、13.704,P<0.05);观察组患者一次性送鞘成功率为98.33%,对照组患者一次性送鞘成功率为88.33%,观察组高于对照组(χ 2 =4.821,P=0.028);扩皮前两组患者的VAS评分无差异(P>0.05),扩皮后两组患者的VAS评分均降低,且观察组(1.75±0.54)分低于对照组(3.89±1.22)分,对比差异有统计学意义(t=12.425,P<0.001);观察组患者不良事件发生率为5.00%,对照组患者不良事件发生率为16.67%,观察组患者不良事件发生率低于对照组(χ 2 =4.227,P<0.05)。结论  钝性分离扩皮法能够降低穿刺点血液浸湿面积及不良事件发生率,提高一次性送鞘成功率,减轻患者疼痛感,提高患者满意度。
       Objective  To analyze the effect of blunt separating skin expansion and conventional skin expansion in PICC catheterization of patients after breast cancer surgery.Methods  From April 2022 to April 2024,120 patients with postoperative PICC catheterization for breast cancer were selected and grouped according to the random number table method.Sixty patients in the control group received conventional skin expansion,and 60 patients in the observation group  received blunt separation skin expansion,which the results of the two groups were compared.Results  The patient satisfaction was 96.67% in the observation group,86.67% in the control group(χ 2 =3.927,P=0.048,P<0.05).In the observation group,the blood immersion area after catheterization,after 1 d and 3 d were(0.87±0.14),(4.89±0.94),(0.21±0.05)cm2 ,lower than those of the control group [(2.74±0.63)(9.89±2.04)(0.44±0.12)cm2 ],the comparative difference was statistically significant(t=22.444,17.243,13.704,P<0.05).The success rate of disposable sheath delivery in the observation group was 98.33%,which was higher than 88.33% in the control group(χ 2 =4.821,P=0.028<0.05).There was no difference in VAS scores between the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05),VAS scores decreased in both groups after the intervention,the score of the observation group(1.75±0.54)was lower than that of the control group(3.89±1.22),the difference was statistically significant(t=12.425,P<0.001).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was 5.00%,and in the control group was 16.67%,which difference was significant(χ 2 =4.227,P<0.05).Conclusions  Blunt separating skin expansion can  reduce the area of blood immersion and the incidence of adverse events,improve the success rate of disposable sheath delivery,reduce patient pain,improve patient satisfaction,and have significant clinical application value.
论著

节律性听觉刺激对偏瘫患者步行功能的改善

Improvement of walking function in patients with hemiplegia by rhythmic auditory stimulation

:793-797
 
       目的   探讨节律性听觉刺激对偏瘫患者步行功能的改善效果。方法   选择2022年1月—2023年12月河南中医药大学第五临床医学院收治的81例偏瘫患者,使用随机数表法将患者分为两组,对照组41例采取常规康复训练,观察组40例在常规康复训练基础上实施节律性听觉刺激,比较两组康复效果、Fugl-Meyer功能改善评定量表(FMA)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)、日常生活自理能力(ADL)、Holden步行能力、“起立-行走”计时测试(TUGT)、步态特征。结果   观察组总有效率为95.00%,高于对照组的75.61%(χ 2 =6.032,P=0.014)。干预后,观察组FMA评分、BBS评分、ADL评分比对照组更高(t=5.564、4.377、4.949,P<0.001)。干预后,观察组Holden步行能力评分比对照组更高,TUGT比对照组更低t=3.953、5.184,P<0.001)。干预后,观察组步长、步频、步速高于对照组(t=5.417、5.514、7.140,P<0.001)。论   偏瘫患者康复训练中实施节律性听觉刺激可提高康复效果,促使肌力改善,恢复正常的上下肢活动功能,提高患者的平衡能力和步行能力。
       Objective  To explore the effect of  rhythmic auditory stimulation on the improvement of walking function in patients with hemiplegia.Methods  A total of 81 patients with hemiplegia admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected for the study,and were divided into two groups by random number table method.The control group(41 cases)received routine rehabilitation training,and the observation group(40 cases)received  rhythmic auditory stimulation on the basis of routine rehabilitation training.The rehabilitation effects,Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),Berg Balance Scale(BBS),Ability of Daily Living(ADL),Holden walking ability,Timed Up and Go Test(TUGT),and gait characteristics were compared between the two groups.Results  The total effective rate of 95.00% in the observation group was significantly higher than 75.61% in the control group(χ 2 =6.032,P=0.014).After treatment,FMA scores,BBS scores and ADL scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=5.564,4.377,4.949,P<0.001).After treatment,the observation group had a higher Holden walking ability score and a lower TUGT score than the control group(t=3.953,5.184,P<0.001).After treatment,the step length,step frequency and step speed in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(t=5.417,5.514,7.140,P<0.001).Conclusions  The implementation of rhythmic auditory stimulation in rehabilitation training of hemiplegia patients can improve the rehabilitation effect,promote the improvement of muscle strength,restore normal activities of upper and lower extremity,improve balance ability and walking ability,which is worth promoting.
论著

泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors on hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery in urology department

:787-792
 
       目的  探讨泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的影响因素。方法  选取我院2020年12月—2023年12月泌尿外科收治的90例采用达芬奇机器人辅助手术的患者进行回顾性分析。依照术中是否发生低体温分为低体温组n=30)及非低体温组(n=60),对比其基本资料,术前相关基础指标及围术期相关资料,采用Logistics回归模型分析泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的影响因素。结果  低体温组与非低体温组患者性别、疾病类型、美国麻醉师协会(ASA)分级对比无明显差异,低体温组年龄高于非低体温组,体质指数低于非低体温组(P<0.05);低体温组与非低体温组患者术前血红蛋白、舒张压、收缩压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖、肌酐对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),低体温组术前白蛋白水平低于非低体温组(P<0.05);低体温组与非低体温组患者麻醉方式、气腹时间、入室时体温、入室时平均动脉压、术中出血量对比无明显差异,低体温组麻醉总时间、手术时间、入室时心率、术中输液量高于非低体温组,术中保温措施持续时间低于非低体温组(P<0.05);术前白蛋白、麻醉总时间、手术时间、术中输液量、术中保温措施持续时间为泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的影响因素P<0.05)。结论  泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的发生可能受患者术前白蛋白水平、麻醉总时间、手术时间、术中输液量及术中保温措施持续时间影响,因此需针对上述术中低体温高风险患者增加干预评估,并制定针对性干预措施,预防患者术中低体温的发生。
       Objective  To explore the influencing factors of hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci  robotic surgery in urology department.Methods  A  retrospective analysis was conducted on 90 patients who underwent da Vinci  robot assisted surgery in the urology department of our hospital from December 2020 to December 2023.According to whether  hypothermia occurred during surgery,patients were divided into a hypothermia group(n=30)and a non hypothermia group(n=60),and their basic data,preoperative related basic indicators,and perioperative related data were compared.A logistics  regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery.Results  There were no significant differences in gender,disease type,and ASA grading between the hypothermia group and the non hypothermia group.The age of the hypothermia group was higher than that of the non hypothermia group,and the body mass index was lower than that of the non hypothermia group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in preoperative hemoglobin,diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,low-density lipoprotein,high-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,triglycerides,fasting blood glucose,and creatinine between the hypothermia group and the non hypothermia group.The preoperative albumin level in the hypothermia group was lower than that in the non hypothermia group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in anesthesia method,pneumoperitoneum time,temperature at entry,mean arterial pressure at entry,and intraoperative blood loss between the hypothermia group and the non hypothermia group.The total anesthesia time,surgical time,heart rate at entry,and intraoperative infusion volume were higher in the hypothermia group than in the non hypothermia group,and the duration of intraoperative insulation measures was lower in the hypothermia group than in the non hypothermia group(P<0.05).Preoperative albumin,total anesthesia time,surgery time,intraoperative infusion volume,and duration of intraoperative insulation measures were independent influencing factors of intraoperative hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery(P<0.05).Conclusions  The occurrence of hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery in urology may be affected by preoperative albumin levels,total anesthesia time,surgery time,intraoperative infusion volume,and duration of intraoperative insulation measures.Therefore,it is necessary to increase nursing evaluation for high-risk patients with hypothermia during surgery and develop targeted intervention measures to prevent the occurrence of hypothermia in patients.
论著

晚期早产儿中小于胎龄儿的铁代谢状态分析

Analysis of iron metabolism status of small for gestational age among late preterm infants

:782-786
 
       目的  探讨晚期早产儿中小于胎龄儿(SGA)与适于胎龄儿(AGA)出生时的铁代谢状态。方法 取2020年1—12月合肥市妇幼保健院收治的150例晚期早产儿(胎龄34~36+6周)作为研究对象。按照出生体质量和胎龄将早产儿分为SGA组(36例)和AGA组(114例),分析比较两组早产儿出生时的铁代谢状态,并应用多因素线性回归分析血清铁的影响因素。结果  与AGA组相比,SGA婴儿的更低的血清铁[14.5 μmol /L (11.4,17.1) vs 16.4 μmol /L(14.1,18.4),P=0.004]、更低的血清铁蛋白[135.6 μg/L(101.8,176.2) vs 172.5 μg/L(123.0,218.3),P=0.009]和更低的总铁结合力[30.4 μmol/L(26.8,34.9)vs 35.4 μmol/L(29.5,44.6),P=0.001]。两组早产儿的血红蛋白、平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在早产儿围生期特征中,胎盘异常(β= –1.949,P=0.009)和母亲糖尿病的发生(β= –2.324,P=0.001)与血清铁水平呈负相关。结论  与早产AGA相比,早产SGA铁储备水平较低,适量补充铁元素对小于胎龄新生儿身体发育有促进作用。
      Objective   To explore the iron metabolism status in late preterm infants who are small for gestational age(SGA)compared to those appropriate for gestational age(AGA)at birth.Methods   A total of 150 late preterm infants(gestational age 34 to 36+6 weeks)admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hefei from January to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects.The preterm infants were divided into the SGA group(36 cases)and the AGA group(114 cases)according to birth weight and gestational age.The iron metabolism status at birth was analyzed and compared between the two groups of preterm infants,and multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify the influencing factors of serum iron.Results   Compared with the AGA group,SGA infants had lower serum iron(14.5[11.4,17.1] vs 16.4 [14.1,18.4],P=0.004),lower serum iron protein(135.6[101.8,176.2] vs 172.5[123.0,218.3],P=0.009),and lower total iron binding capacity(30.4[26.8,34.9] vs35.4[29.5,44.6]P=0.001).There were no statistically significant differences in hemoglobin,mean corpuscular volume,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration between the two groups of preterm infants(P>0.05).Among the perinatal characteristics of preterm infants,placental abnormalities(β= –1.949,P=0.009)and the occurrence of maternal diabetes(β= –2.324,P=0.001)were significantly negatively correlated with serum iron levels.Conclusions  Compared with preterm infants appropriate for gestational age,preterm infants who are small for gestational age have lower iron reserves at birth.Adequate supplementation of iron has a promoting effect on the physical development of small for gestational age newborns.
论著

功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理对高龄吞咽障碍患者的应用效果

Application effect of Functional Oral Intake Scale swallowing management on elderly patients with swallowing disorders

:775-781
 
       目的  探讨功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理对高龄吞咽障碍患者的应用效果。方法  选取2022年5月—2024年5月暨南大学附属广州市红十字会医院收治的80例高龄吞咽障碍患者作为研究对象,应用随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,各40例。对照组患者实施常规干预,观察组实施功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理干预,对比两组患者干预效果、干预前后的吞咽功能与营养状况、吞咽障碍相关并发症发生率,以及干预前后两组生活质量变化。结果  观察组总有效率为92.50%,高于对照组的72.50%(χ 2 =5.541,P=0.019);两组干预后综合性营养评估法(SGA)、进食评估问卷调查工具-10(EAT-10)评分均降低,且观察组[(6.62±1.24)(15.26±3.42)分]低于对照组[(10.85±2.32)(23.51±4.37)分],对比差异有统计学意义(t分别为10.170、9.403,P<0.05);观察组吞咽障碍相关并发症发生率17.50%低于对照组42.50%(χ 2 =5.952,P=0.015);两组干预后生活质量综合评定量表(GQOLI-74)相关维度物质评分均升高,且观察组患者GQOLI-74相关维度物质生活(16.62±2.24)、心理功能(18.26±4.42)分、社会功能(21.62±3.66)分、躯体功能(23.26±4.37)分均高于对照组[(13.25±3.32)(13.51±2.37)(15.26±2.35)(16.62±3.73)]分,对比差异有统计学意义(t分别为5.322、5.990、9.248、7.309,P<0.05)。结论  功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理对高龄吞咽障碍患者干预效果显著,且可提升其吞咽功能,改善营养状况,同时可辅助降低吞咽障碍相关并发症发生率,提高患者生活质量。
       Objective  To explore the application effect of Functional Oral Intake Scale(FOIS)swallowing management on elderly patients with swallowing disorders.Methods  A total of 80 elderly patients with dysphagia admitted to the Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University from May 2022 to May 2024 were selected as research subjects.They were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 40 cases in each group,using a random number table method.The control group received routine intervention,while the observation group received FOIS swallowing management intervention.The intervention effects were compared between the two groups,including pre and post intervention,swallowing function and nutritional status,incidence of swallowing related complications,and changes in quality of life before and after the intervention.Results  The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.50%,which was higher than the 72.50% of control group(χ 2 =5.541,P=0.019).After the intervention,the comprehensive nutrition assessment(SGA)and the feeding assessment instrument-10(EAT-10)were decreased,and the observation group ([6.62±1.24]and[15.26±3.42]) were lower than the control group ([10.85±2.32]and[23.51±4.37]),and the comparative difference was statistically significant(t=10.170,9.403,P<0.05).The incidence of complications related to swallowing disorders in the observation group was 17.50%,lower than that in the control group was 42.50%(χ 2 =5.952,P=0.015).After intervention,the scores of GQOLI-74 related dimensions were increased in both groups.In addition,GQOLI-74 related dimensions of material life(16.62±2.24)scores,psychological function(18.26±4.42)scores,social function(21.62±3.66)scores,physical function(23.26±4.37)scores in observation group were higher than those in control group ([13.25±3.32],[13.51±2.37],[15.26±2.35],[16.62±3.73]),and the difference was statistically significant(t=5.322,5.990,9.248,7.309,P<0.05).Conclusions  The swallowing management of FOIS has a significant intervention effect on elderly patients with swallowing disorders,and can improve their swallowing function,nutritional status,and assist in reducing the incidence of swallowing disorder related complications,thereby improving the quality of life of patients.
论著

免疫联合化疗对晚期 NSCLC 患者淋巴细胞免疫及生活质量的影响

Effect of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy on lymphocyte immunity and quality of life in patients with advanced NSCLC

:760-765
 
       目的   探讨免疫治疗联合化学治疗(化疗)对晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者淋巴免疫及生活质量的影响,为临床进一步治疗提供参考。  选择2021年6月—2023年6月天津市滨海新区大港医院收治的晚期NSCLC患者120例进行研究,按抽签法分为干预组及对照组,每组60例,对照组采取单纯化疗方案,干预组采取免疫联合化疗方案,对比两组临床疗效、药物不良反应,治疗前后免疫功能(CD3+ 、CD4+ 、CD8+ )、糖类抗原199(CA199)、糖类抗原 125(CA125)、血清癌胚抗原(CEA)水平及健康状态调查表(QOL)评分。结果  干预组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组(68.33%>41.67%,P<0.05);治疗后干预组患者CD3+ 、CD4+ 比例高于治疗前及对照组治疗后,CD8+ 比例低于治疗前及对照组治疗后(P<0.05);治疗后干预组血清CA199、CA125、CEA水平均低于治疗前及对照组治疗后(P<0.05);干预组药物不良反应发生率为16.67%,对照组为36.67%,干预组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后干预组QOL各维度评分高于对照组及治疗前(P<0.05)。结论  与单纯化疗相比,免疫联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC患者,能有效降低肿瘤标志物水平,改善患者免疫指标,减轻药物不良反应,提高患者疗效及生活质量。
       Objective  To explore the effect of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy on lymphatic immunity and quality of life of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and to provide reference for further clinical treatment.Methods  A total of 120 patients with NSCLC from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected and divided into observation group and control group evenly according to the method of drawing lots,control group was treated with chemotherapy,the observation group was treated with immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy,and the clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups.Before and after treatment,immune function(CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD8+ ),carbohydrate antigen 199(CA199),carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)levels and health status questionnaire(QOL-RRB- scores)were measured.Results The total effective  rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(68.33%>41.67%,P<0.05).After treatment,the ratios of CD3+  and CD4+  in the observation group were significantly higher than those before treatment and control group after treatment,and the ratio of CD8+  was significantly lower than that before and after treatment in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the serum levels of CA199,CA125 and CEA in the observation group were lower than those before and after treatment in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse drug  reactions was 16.67% in the observation group and 36.67% in the control group,which was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the QOL scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group and before treatment(P<0.05).Conclusions  Compared with chemotherapy alone,immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can effectively reduce the levels of tumor markers,improve the immune indexes of patients,reduce the adverse drug reactions,and improve the efficacy and quality of life of patients with advanced NSCLC.
论著

心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的判断与处理

Diagnosis and management of abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement surgery

:754-759
 
      目的  探讨心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的判断与处理。方法  选取2020年1月—2024年5月广州医科大学附属第一医院收治的30例心脏瓣膜置换术后异常出血的患者,将其纳入观察组,另选取同期收治的200例心脏瓣膜置换术后未出现异常出血的患者为对照组。对比两组患者预后情况和两组患者舒张压、收缩压、心率、术后3 h内引流量相关异常出血判断相关指标情况。采用Logistics回归模型分析心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的影响因素。结果   观察组住院时间、左心室射血分数(LVEF)水平高于对照组,左室舒张末期内径低于对照组,且观察组术后感染、心律失常、低心排综合征发生率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后舒张压、收缩压、心率及术后3 h内引流量高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组与对照组患者吸烟史、合并糖尿病、抗凝依从性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟史、抗凝依从性为心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论  心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的发生可严重影响患者预后水平,增加患者并发症发生率,影响心功能恢复,通过舒张压、收缩压、心率及术后3 h内引流量可为异常出血的判断提供参考意见。另外,吸烟史、抗凝依从性为心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的独立影响因素,因此对异常出血患者进行常规治疗的同时要密切监测患者危险因素,实施科学的护理干预,改善患者抗凝依从性,降低异常出血发生率。
       Objective  To explore the  diagnosis and management of abnormal  bleeding in  patients after  heart valve replacement surgery.Methods  Thirty patients with abnormal bleeding after heart valve  replacement surgery admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2020 to May 2024 were  retrospectively analyzed and divided into an observation group.In addition,200 patients who did not experience abnormal bleeding after heart valve  replacement surgery admitted during the same period were selected as the control group.Prognosis of two groups of patients were compared,and the related indicators of diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,heart rate,and abnormal bleeding  related to drainage flow within 3 hours after surgery were evaluated.Finally,the logistic  regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement.Results  The length of hospital stay and left ventricular ejection fractionin the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter was lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the incidence of postoperative infection,arrhythmia,and low cardiac output syndrome was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The postoperative diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,heart rate,and drainage volume within 3 hours in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The smoking history,diabetes,and anticoagulation compliance were different between the observation and control groups(P<0.05).A history of smoking and adherence to anticoagulation were independent influencing factors for abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement(P<0.05).Conclusions  The occurrence of abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement can greartly affect the patient’s prognosis,increase the incidence of complications,and affect cardiac function recovery.Reference opinions can be provided for the diagnosis of abnormal bleeding based on diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,heart rate,and postoperative drainage volume within three hours.In addition,a history of smoking and adherence to anticoagulation are independent influencing factors for abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement.Therefore,while routine treatment is performed on patients with abnormal bleeding,close monitoring of patient  risk factors is necessary,scientific nursing interventions should be implemented to improve patient adherence to anticoagulation and reduce the incidence of abnormal bleeding.
综述

胃食管反流病患者自我管理的研究进展

Research progress on self-management in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

:746-753
 
       受现代人们生活、饮食习惯改变、心理压力增加和睡眠质量下降等因素影响,胃食管反流病的发病率逐渐增加,对患者的工作生活和情绪造成了极大的影响。自我管理能够以患者为中心,提高患者在疾病治疗中的参与度,节约医疗资源,被广泛应用在慢性病管理中。而胃食管反流病患者的自我管理仍处于初步发展阶段,缺少科学、系统的评估工具和能够广泛实行的干预流程。文章通过对胃食管反流病患者的自我管理的概念、评估工具、干预方案等方面进行综述, 旨在为胃食管反流病患者自我管理的干预提供参考。
       As modern lifestyles and dietary habits change,psychological stress increases,and sleep quality declines,the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)has been rising.This condition significantly impacts patients' work,daily life,and emotional well-being.Self-management,which centers on patient involvement,enhances participation in disease treatment,conserves medical resources,and is widely used in managing chronic diseases.However,self-management for GERD patients is still in its early stages,lacking scientifically systematic assessment tools and broadly applicable intervention protocols.This study reviews the concepts,assessment tools,and  intervention programs of self-management GERD patients,aiming to provide reference for the intervention of self-management of GERD patients.
出版者信息








《广州医药》公众号