目的   对2014—2023年广西梧州市某三级综合医院法定传染病疫情及流行病学特征进行分析，为地市级医院制定传染病防控策略提供科学依据。方法   采用描述性流行病学方法和Excel软件对该院法定传染病报告数据进行统计分析。结果  2014—2023年该院共报告法定传染病29 569例，其中，无甲类传染病报告，乙类传染病12 375例（41.85%），丙类传染病15 479例（52.35%），其他需监测报告的传染病1 715例（5.80%）。报告病例数排前4位的传染病依次为手足口病6 726例（22.75%）、感染性腹泻病6 451例（21.82%）、病毒性肝炎5 539例（18.73%）、肺结核3 552例（12.01%）。报告病例数在2014—2017年逐年增加，2017—2023年传染病报告病例降升交替，每年发病高峰期主要集中在5—10月；男性报告病例多于女性，男女之比为1.64∶1；0～10岁年龄段病例最多（46.89%），其次为40~60岁（26.91%）；职业分布集中于散居儿童（33.90%）、农民和牧民（18.08%）、工人和民工（9.47%）及幼托儿童（8.48%）；患者主要来自梧州市（79.17%）、广东省（17.34%）。传播途径构成比从高到低依次为肠道传染病（46.38%）、呼吸道传染病（26.03%）、血液及性传播传染病（24.92%）、其他传染病（2.66%）。结论  手足口病、感染性腹泻、病毒性肝炎、肺结核是该院传染病防治工作的重点，其中尤其要注重儿童手足口病和感染性腹泻病的预防，根据不同季节、疾病流行趋势，采取有针对性的传染病防控策略。

       Objective  To analyzed the epidemic and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in a class Ⅲ general hospital in Guangxi Wuzhou from 2014 to 2023，to provide scientific basis for municipal hospitals to formulate infectious disease prevention and control strategies．Methods  Descriptive epidemiological method and Excel were used to sort out and analyze the data．Results  From 2014 to 2023，there were 29 569 cases of notifiable infectious diseases，with category B infectious diseases 12 375 cases（41.85%），category C infectious diseases 15 479 cases（52.35%），and others diseases 1 715 cases（5.80%）．No category A infectious diseases were reported．The top 4 infectious diseases were 6 726 cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD）（22.75%），6 451 cases of infectious diarrhea（21.82%），5 539 cases of viral hepatitis（18.73%）and 3 552 cases of tuberculosis（12.01%）．The number of reported cases increased year by year from 2014 to 2017，and the reported cases of infectious diseases decreased and increased alternately from 2017 to 2023，with the annual peak period mainly presented from May to October．Males reported cases were more than females，the ratio of males to females was 1.64∶1．The number of cases between 0 to 10 years old was the highest（46.89%），followed by 40-60 years old（26.91%）．The occupational distribution was concentrated in scattered children（33.90%），farmers and herdsmen（18.08%），workers and migrant workers（9.47%）and children in childcare（8.48%）．The patients were mainly from Wuzhou City（79.17%）and Guangdong Province（17.34%）．The composition ratio of transmission route from high to low was as follows：intestinal infectious diseases accounted for 46.38%，respiratory tract infectious diseases accounted for 26.03%，blood-borne and  sexually transmitted infectious  diseases accounted for 24.92%，and other infectious diseases accounted for 2.66%．Conclusions  HFMD，infectious diarrhea，viral hepatitis and tuberculosis are the focus of the hospital’s infectious disease prevention and control work，especially the prevention of HFMD and infectious diarrhea in children，and the prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases are adopted according to different seasons and epidemic trends．

      目的   通过生物信息学手段筛选非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的关键靶点基因，识别预后标志物NDC80，并探讨其在NSCLC中的表达意义，进而分析NDC80作为NSCLC基因治疗靶点的可行性。方法   采用癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）TCGA数据库检索NSCLC相关数据，进行加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）以识别关键基因，并进行差异表达分析、相关性分析和蛋白互作网络构建。对筛选出的关键基因进行功能分析。利用免疫组化染色法检测癌组织及癌旁组织中NDC80蛋白的表达水平，并进一步探究其与临床病理特征的关系。采用Kaplan-Meier法分析NDC80表达与NSCLC患者无进展生存时间（PFS）的关系。结果   共筛选出20个与NSCLC高度关联的关键基因，包括CDC20、CDK1、MCM4、CDC6、MCM2、PLK1、NDC80、CCNB1、CDC45、AURKA、MCM8、BUB1、CDT1、ORC1、CCNA2、CASC5、MAD2L1、BUB1B、CENPA、AURKB。免疫组化验证显示，NDC80蛋白在NSCLC组织中高表达，其在NSCLC组（阳性表达率88.6%）显著高于癌旁组（50.0%）（P＜0.05）。NDC80蛋白的阳性表达率在TNM分期（Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期）、低分化、淋巴结转移的NSCLC组高于TNM分期（Ⅰ期+Ⅱ期）、高分化及中分化以及未发生淋巴结转移的NSCLC组（P＜0.05）。NDC80蛋白的阳性表达率在不同性别、年龄、病灶大小分类的NSCLC组织中无显著差异（P＞0.05）。Kaplan-Meier分析显示，NDC80蛋白高表达组的PFS中位数为（9.00±0.27）个月，明显低于低表达组（11.00±0.79）个月（P＜0.05）。结论   本研究发现的关键基因在NSCLC干细胞的维持中发挥重要作用。免疫组化结果显示，NDC80蛋白在NSCLC组织中高表达，且与肿瘤分化、TNM分期及淋巴结转移密切相关。NDC80蛋白高表达组的PFS明显低于低表达组，提示NDC80可能成为NSCLC筛查、治疗和预后评估的潜在生物标志物。

      Objective  To screen the key target genes in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）by bioinformatics，identify the prognostic marker NDC80，and explore its expression significance in NSCLC，so as to analyze the feasibility of NDC80 as a gene therapy target for NSCLC．Methods  TCGA database was used to retrieve NSCLC-related data，and weighted gene co-expression network analysis（WGCNA）was used to identify key genes，and differential expression analysis，correlation analysis and protein-protein interaction network construction were carried out．The function of the selected key genes was analyzed．Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression level of NDC80 protein in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues，and to further explore its relationship with clinicopathological features．Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between NDC80 expression and progression-free survival （PFS）of NSCLC patients．Results  A total of 20 key genes highly associated with NSCLC were screened out，which were CDC20，CDK1，MCM4，CDC6，MCM2，PLK1，NDC80，CCNB1，CDC45，AURKA，MCM8，BUB1，CDT1，ORC1，CCNA2，CASC5，MAD2L1，BUB1B and CENPA．Immunohistochemical  verification  showed that NDC80 protein was highly expressed in NSCLC tissue，and its positive expression rate in NSCLC group（88.6%）was significantly higher than that in adjacent cancer group（50.0%，P＜0.05）．The positive expression rate of NDC80 protein in NSCLC with TNM staging（Ⅲ+Ⅳ），low differentiation and lymph node metastasis was higher than that in NSCLC with TNM staging（Ⅰ+Ⅱ），high differentiation and moderate differentiation and no lymph node metastasis（P＜0.05）．There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate of NDC80 protein among NSCLC tissues with different gender，age and lesion size（P＞0.05）．Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median PFS of high expression group of NDC80 protein was（9.00±0.27）months，which was significantly lower than that of low expression group（11.00±0.79）months（P＜0.05）．Conclusions  The key genes found in this study play an important role in the maintenance of NSCLC stem cells．Immunohistochemical results showed that NDC80 protein was highly expressed in NSCLC，and it was closely related to tumor differentiation，TNM staging and lymph node metastasis．The PFS of high expression group of NDC80 protein was significantly lower than that of low expression group，suggesting that NDC80 may become a potential biomarker for screening，treatment and prognosis evaluation of NSCLC．

      目的   探讨肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化现状及其影响因素，为临床制定改善患者心理僵化的针对性干预措施以及提升患者生活质量提供参考依据。方法   采用便利抽样法，选取2023年10月—12月期间焦作市某三级甲等医院收治的肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查问卷、疼痛心理僵化量表（PIPS）、简易疾病感知问卷（BIPQ）、家庭功能问卷（APGAR）进行调查，采用Pearson相关性分析肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化与疾病感知、家庭功能的关系。采用多元线性回归分析肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化的影响因素。结果   本次研究共发放问卷152份，回收有效问卷150份，有效回收率为98.68%。150例肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化量表总分为（61.66±2.85）分，回避型经验维度得分为（45.52±1.97）分，认知融合维度得分为（19.74±1.59）分。不同文化程度、家庭人均月收入、疼痛程度的肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化得分比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示：肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化总分、经验性回避维度得分、认知融合维度得分与疾病感知得分均呈正相关关系（P＜0.001），与家庭功能得分均呈负相关关系（P＜0.001）。多元线性回归结果显示：文化程度、家庭人均月收入、疾病感知、家庭功能是肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化的影响因素（P＜0.05），可解释肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化43.9%的变异度。结论   肺癌伴癌性疼痛患者心理僵化处于较高水平，且受到文化程度、家庭人均月收入、疾病感知和家庭功能的影响，临床医护人员可从疾病感知、家庭支持等角度出发，采用认知干预、同伴支持等方法，加强对患者的健康教育，以缓解其对疾病的负性认知，从而缓解心理僵化，促进身心健康恢复。

       Objective  To explore the status and influencing factors of psychological  rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain，and to provide reference for clinical development of targeted interventions to improve patients’psychological rigidity andquality of life．Methods  The convenience sampling method was used to select patients with lung cancer and cancer pain who were admitted to a tertiary hospital in Jiaozuo City from October to December 2023 as the research object．The general data questionnaire，Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale（PIPS），Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire（BIPQ），and family function questionnaire（APGAR）were used to investigate．Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between psychological rigidity and disease perception and family function in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain．Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of psychological rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain．Results  A total of 152 questionnaires were distributed in this study，and 150 valid questionnaires were recovered，with an effective recovery rate of 98.68 %．The total score of PIPS of 150 patients with lung cancer and cancer pain was（61.66±2.85），the score of avoidance experience dimension was（45.52±1.97），and the score of cognitive fusion dimension was（19.74±1.59）．There were statistically significant differences in the scores of psychological rigidity among lung cancer patients with cancer pain with different educational levels，family per capita monthly income，and pain degree（P＜0.05）．The  results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of PIPS，the score of empirical avoidance dimension and the score of cognitive fusion dimension were positively correlated with the score of disease perception（P＜0.001），and negatively correlated with the score of family function（P＜0.001）．The results of multiple linear regression showed that education level，family per capita monthly income，disease perception and family function were the influencing factors of psychological rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain（P＜0.05 ），which could explain 43.9 % of the variation of psychological rigidity in patients with lung cancer and cancer pain．Conclusions  The psychological rigidity of lung cancer patients with cancer pain is at a high level，and is affected by education level，family per capita monthly income，disease perception and family function．Clinical medical staff can use cognitive intervention and peer support from the perspective of disease perception and family support to strengthen the health education of patients，so as to alleviate their negative cognition of the disease，to alleviate the psychological rigidity and promote the recovery of physical and mental health．

      目的   采用两样本孟德尔随机化以及Meta分析研究趋化因子C-X3-C基序配体1（CX3CL1）表达水平与系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）发病风险的因果关系。方法   获取CX3CL1表达水平与SLE的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）数据，将单核苷酸多态性（SNP）作为工具变量并选择敏感的SNPs进行分析。通过逆方差加权法（IVW）、加权中位数法（WM）、MR-Egger回归法进行两样本MR分析，以OR值评估CX3CL1表达水平与SLE之间的因果关系，并对结果进行异质性和多效性检验。最后利用R软件Meta包进行Meta分析。利用coloc包进行共定位分析。结果   纳入9个SLE作为结局变量，其中4个变量ebi-a-GCST90018917（OR=2.14，95%CI：1.50~3.06），ebi-a-GCST003156（OR=2.25，95%CI：1.00~5.06），ebi-a-GCST90014238（OR=3.02，95%CI：1.54~5.94），finn-b-SLE_NOS（OR=1.81，95%CI：1.01~3.22）表明CX3CL1表达水平与SLE之间存在因果关系。关于 OR 95% CI 的森林图显示 SLE 患者的CX3CL1表达水平显著高于健康人群（OR=1.87，95%CI：1.53~2.29，P＜0.001）。共定位分析结果提示CX3CL1表达水平和SLE表型之间有共享的遗传变异位点（rs170364）。结论  CX3CL1表达水平与SLE存在正向因果关系，CX3CL1表达水平的升高使得SLE的发病风险升高。

       Objective  To investigate the causal  relationship  between CX3CL1 levels and the  risk of  systemic lupus erythematosus（SLE）using two-sample Mendelian randomization and Meta-analysis methods．Methods  Genome-Wide Association Study（GWAS）data for CX3CL1 levels and SLE were obtained．Single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs）were used as instrumental variables，and sensitive SNPs were selected for analysis．Two-sample Mendelian  randomization was performed using the inverse variance weighted（IVW）method，weighted median（WM）method，and MR-Egger  regression to evaluate the causal relationship between CX3CL1 levels and SLE，with OR values assessing this relationship．Heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests were conducted on the results．Meta-analysis was performed using the Meta package in R software，and colocalization analysis was conducted using the coloc package．Results  Nine SLE outcomes were included as outcome variables，with four variables（ebi-a-GCST90018917［OR=2.14，95%CI：1.50-3.06］，ebi-a-GCST003156［OR=2.25，95%CI：1.00-5.06］，ebi-a-GCST90014238［OR=3.02，95%CI：1.54-5.94］，finn-b-SLE_NOS［OR=1.81，95%CI：1.01-3.22］）indicating a causal relationship between CX3CL1 expression levels and SLE．The forest plot for OR 95%CI showed that CX3CL1 expression levels in SLE patients were significantly higher than in healthy individuals（OR=1.87［95%CI：1.53-2.29］，P＜0.001）．Colocalization analysis suggested that there was shared genetic variation sites（rs170364）between CX3CL1 expression levels and SLE phenotype．Conclusions  There is a positive causal relationship between CX3CL1 expression levels and SLE，with increased CX3CL1 levels elevating the risk of developing SLE．

目的 优化纸质版脊髓损伤神经功能评估系统, 探讨其在脊柱脊髓损伤患者临床管理中的实际应用效果。方法 广泛检索国内外关于脊柱脊髓损伤患者神经运动功能评估的文献, 结合课题组成员的临床经验, 初步筛选出神经运动功能评估的关键项目。通过两轮德尔菲专家函询, 确定评估项目内容, 对纸质版脊髓损伤神经功能评估系统进行优化, 并进行临床应用验证。选取2021年8月1日—2023年5月31日在广州市第一人民医院脊柱外科住院的120例脊柱脊髓疾病患者作为研究对象, 随机分为观察组和对照组。对比两组在应用优化前后评估系统的神经功能评估准确性、评估所需时间以及临床应用便捷性等方面的差异。结果 观察组的评估准确性显著高于对照组,错评率由20.3%降至4.7%,漏评率由32.0%降至5.0%; 此外,优化后的评估系统显著缩短了评估时间,平均减少6.0 min, 有效提升了评估效率。结论 优化后的脊髓损伤神经功能评估系统显著提高了评估的准确性和效率, 有效减少了主观误差。

Objective To refine and optimize the paper-based assessment tool for evaluating neurological function in spinal cord injury patients, and to explore its impact on clinical practice．Methods A comprehensive review of existing literature on neuromotor function assessment in spinal cord injury patients was conducted, complemented by discussions among members of this study．This led to the integration of a preliminary evaluation framework．Subsequently, a two-round Delphi consensus process involving experts was undertaken to finalize the content of the assessment project．Based on this, a paper-based evaluation system was developed and converted into an electronic format by computer professionals．This system was then tested in a clinical setting, where it was administered to 120 spinal cord injury patients at the Spine Surgery Department of Guangzhou First People’s Hospital between 1 August 2021 and 31 May 2023．Patients were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group, allowing for a comparison of accuracy, efficiency, and convenience in clinical application．Results The experimental group demonstrated a notable improvement in assessment accuracy over the control group, with a significant reduction in error rate from 20.3% to 4.7% and a decrease in omission rate from 32.0% to 5.0%．Furthermore, the average assessment time was shortened by 6.0 minutes, markedly enhancing the efficiency of the evaluation process．Conclusions The optimized neurological function assessment system for spinal cord injury patients has proven effective in enhancing both the accuracy and efficiency of assessments, while significantly minimizing subjective errors．This system holds considerable potential for widespread clinical adoption and application．

目的 探讨广州市越秀区青少年近视特点和危险因素,为降低青少年近视发病率提供参考依据。方法 本项目采用分层随机整群抽样的研究方法,抽取分布于广州市越秀区2 774名青少年作为研究对象,根据近视检查情况将其分为近视组（n=1 657）与非近视组（n=1 117）,通过问卷调查的方式,分析青少年近视整体现况、流行病学特征以及影响青少年近视发生、发展的相关行为和因素。结果 2 774名青少年中,1 657名近视,检出率为59.73%;其中女生为872名,多于男生的785名;幼儿园、小学生、初中生、高中生近视人数分别为20名、446名、484名、707名,呈升高趋势。学段、校内用眼环境、校外用眼环境、读写姿势、电子屏幕使用情况、近距离用眼情况、户外活动及睡眠情况、近视检查及矫治情况是广州市越秀区青少年近视的影响因素（P<0.05）。广州市越秀区青少年近视程度均与学段、校外用眼环境、电子屏幕使用情况、户外活动及睡眠情况、近距离用眼情况呈正相关（P<0.05）,与校内用眼环境、读写姿势、近视检查及矫治情况呈负相关（P<0.05）。对不同预后组间存在统计学差异的因素进行Logistic多因素分析后得到,学段、校内用眼环境、校外用眼环境、读写姿势、电子屏幕使用情况、近距离用眼情况、户外活动及睡眠情况、近视检查及矫治情况是广州市越秀区青少年近视的相关影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 广州市越秀区青少年近视发生人群呈现高龄化,学段、校内用眼环境、校外用眼环境、读写姿势、电子屏幕使用情况、近距离用眼情况、户外活动及睡眠情况、近视检查及矫治情况是青少年近视的相关影响因素,建议加强组织学生到户外进行多种课间户外体育活动,同时鼓励家长在校外从自身做起,树立爱眼护眼好榜样,与学校共同保护孩子的视力。

Objective To explore the characteristics and risk factors of myopia among adolescents in Yuexiu District,Guangzhou,and to provide reference for reducing the incidence of myopia among adolescents．Methods This project adopted stratified random cluster sampling to select 2 774 adolescents distributed in Yuexu District,Guangzhou as the research objects,which were divided into myopia group（n=1 657）and non-myopia group（n=1 117）according to the myopic examination．Through questionnaire survey,the overall situation and epidemiological characteristics of myopia among adolescents in our district were comprehensively known,in order to explore the related behaviors and factors affecting the occurrence and development of myopia among adolescents in our district,explore reasonable intervention measures,and put forward scientific and effective myopia prevention and control technical means and strategies．Results Among 2 774 adolescents,1 657 were nearsighted（59.73%）．Among them,872 were female and 785 were male．The number of myopia in kindergarten,primary school,middle school and high school students were 20,446,484 and 707 respectively,showing an increasing trend．School period,eyes use environment in school and outside school,reading and writing posture,situations of electronic screen use,close distance eye use,outdoor activities and sleep,myopia examination and correction were the relevant influencing factors on myopia of adolescents in Yuexui District of Guangzhou（P<0.05）．The myopia degree of adolescents in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou was positively correlated with school period,out-of-school eyes use environment,electronic screen use,outdoor activities and sleep conditions,and close distance eyes use（P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with in-school eyes use environment,reading and writing posture,myopia examination and correction conditions（P<0.05）．After Logistic multivariate analysis of the factors with statistical difference between different prognostic groups,school period,eyes use environment in school and outside school,reading and writing posture,electronic screen use,close distance eyes use,outdoor activities and sleep conditions,myopia examination and correction were the relevant influencing factors on myopia of adolescents in Yuexui District of Guangzhou（P<0.05）．Conclusions In Yuexiu District,Guangzhou,the population with myopia is gradually moving to a younger age．School period,eyes use environment in school and outside school,reading and writing posture,electronic screen use,close distance eyes use,outdoor activities and sleep condition,myopia examination and correction are the relevant influencing factors．It is recommended to strengthen the organization of students to go outdoors for a variety of outdoor sports activities between classes,while encouraging parents to set a good example of eye care outside the school and work with the school to protect their children’s eyesight．

目的 了解脑出血患者家属参与治疗共享决策满意度现状及其影响因素,为提升脑出血患者的护理质量和家属体验提供参考。方法 采用横断面研究设计,便利抽取2022年1月—2023年7月许昌中医院收治的脑出血患者及其家属进行问卷调查。结果 共回收问卷178份,全部纳入分析。患者家属参与医疗决策的满意度得分为（48.58±6.34）分,其中维度得分最低的为交流协商。多因素分析结果显示,家属教育程度、家属年龄、家庭总年收入以及患者家属对医疗决策知情程度为患者家属参与医疗决策满意度的影响因素（F=30.872,P<0.001）,解释40.3%的变异。结论 脑出血患者家属参与治疗共享决策满意度处于中等水平,患者家属对医疗决策知情程度越高、家属教育程度越高、家属年龄较大以及家庭总年收入越高的脑出血患者家属参与治疗共享决策满意度越高。

目的 调查儿童川崎病（KD）冠状动脉损伤发生情况,并进行危险因素分析。方法 选择2018年1月—2022年12月在泉州市妇幼保健院儿童医院诊治的KD儿童782例为研究对象,所有患儿在入院时均给予超声检查,判定冠状动脉损伤情况,调查所有患儿的一般资料,进行危险因素分析。结果 782例患儿中,超声判断为冠状动脉损伤171例,占比21.9%（冠脉损伤组）,无冠状动脉损伤611例（无冠脉损伤组）。冠脉损伤组的皮疹、肢端硬性红肿、球结膜充血、杨梅舌等临床表现占比分别为83.6%、67.8%、86.0%、81.9%,高于无冠脉损伤组的63.5%、49.7%、62.5%、65.3%（P<0.05）。冠脉损伤组与无冠脉损伤组的性别、年龄、血红蛋白、血红细胞沉降率（ESR）等比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,冠脉损伤组的丙氨酸氨基转移酶、白细胞计数（WBC）、D-二聚体（D-D）、C-反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）、血小板计数（PLT）、发热时间与无冠脉损伤组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析显示,WBC、D-D、CRP、PCT、PLT、发热时间均为川崎病患儿发生冠状动脉损伤的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 KD儿童中,冠状动脉损伤发生率较高,可导致患儿临床特征多样化,加重患儿的病情,WBC、D-D、CRP、PCT、PLT、发热时间为导致冠状动脉损伤发生的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the incidence of coronary artery injury in children with Kawasaki disease（KD）and analyze the risk factors．Methods From January 2018 to December 2022,782 children with KD diagnosed and treated in Quanzhou Women’s and Children’s Hospital were selected as the study subjects．All the children were given ultrasound examination on admission to determine the coronary artery injury level．The general information of all the children was investigated and the risk factors were analyzed．Results Among the 782 children,171 cases（21.9%）were diagnosed as the“coronary artery injury group”．The remaining 611 patients did not exhibit any coronary artery injury and were thus categorized as the“no coronary artery injury group”．The clinical manifestations incidences of rashes,hard red swelling of extremity,bulbar conjunctival congestion and bayberry tongue in the coronary injury group were 83.6%,67.8%,86.0% and 81.9%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the non-coronary injury group（63.5%,49.7%,62.5% and 65.3%,P<0.05）．There were no significant differences in gender,age,hemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate between the coronary injury group and the no coronary injury group（P>0.05）．There were significant differences in alanine aminotransferase,white blood cell count（WBC）,D-dimer（D-D）,C-reactive protein（CRP）,procalcitonin（PCT）,platelet count（PLT）and fever duration between the two groups（P<0.05）．Multivariate Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that WBC,D-D,CRP,PCT and PLT were all important factors leading to coronary artery injury（P<0.05）．Conclusions The incidence of coronary artery injury in children with KD is relatively high,which can lead to the diversification of clinical features and disease aggravation of children．WBC,D-D,CRP,PCT,PLT and fever duration are important risk factors for the occurrence of coronary artery injury．

目的 分析广州某三甲医院脑梗死患者住院费用的变化以及影响因素,为有效减轻患者疾病经济负担提供参考依据。方法 提取广州某三甲医院2015—2022年出院诊断ICD-10前三位编码为I63的病案首页数据,并采用IBM SPSS 20.0软件对费用结构进行描述性统计分析,以多重线性回归分析患者住院费用的影响因素。结果 2015—2022年脑梗死患者的平均住院费用年均增长率为2.86%;费用结构以药品费为主,占比逐年下降,至2022年占比为27.74%,技术劳务性费用占比逐年增加,至2022年占比为47.41%;住院费用主要受医院感染情况、住院天数以及支付方式等因素影响（F=990.10,P<0.001）。结论 脑梗死患者的住院费用结构显著优化,但患者的疾病经济负担仍然较重,且费用受多种因素的综合影响。建议通过提高医疗质量与服务效能,并严格落实临床路径管理,减少不必要的检查以及耗材使用,以期最大程度地减轻患者的负担。

Objective To analyze the structural changes and influencing factors of the hospitalization expenses for patients with cerebral infarction in a tertiary general hospital in Guangzhou,and provide a scientific basis for reducing economic burden of the patients．Methods The front page data of medical records with the main diagnosis of I63 were collected in the sample hospital．Descriptive statistics analysis of hospitalization expenses structure and multiple linear regression analysis of the influencing factors were carried out by SPSS 20.0．Results The annual growth rate of average hospitalization expenses of cerebral infarction patients from 2015 to 2022 in the sample hospital was 2.86% per year．The highest proportion of hospitalization expenses was medicine fee,the proportion of which declined year by year with a minimum 27.74% in 2022．The proportion of technical labor costs accelerated year by year with a maximum 47.41% in 2022．This study revealed the main factors influencing hospitalization expenses were hospital internal infection or not,length of stay,payment method and so on（F=990.10,P<0.001）．Conclusions The structure of hospitalization expenses for cerebral infarction patients was significantly optimized,but the economic burden of patients was still heavy affected by a combination of factors．In order to minimize the burden of patients,hospitals should improve medical quality and service efficiency and implement clinical pathway management strictly,to reduce unnecessary inspections and consumables．

目的 了解危重产妇代理决策者的决策困境现状及其影响因素。方法 选择2022年10月—2023年10月许昌市中心医院产科及ICU的262例危重产妇及其代理决策者作为研究对象。应用一般资料问卷、母婴健康素养问卷、决策困境量表、决策参与期待量表进行调查。结果 决策困境量表总分为（39.38±14.58）分,其中信息提供和价值观明确总分为（13.91±7.16）分、社会支持和决策有效性总分为（20.41±8.25）分、不确定性总分为（5.06±1.96）分。多元线性回归分析发现,性别、学历、决策时间和脑卒中防治知识总分对危重产妇代理决策者决策困境均有影响（P<0.05）。结论 危重产妇代理决策者存在决策困境,医护人员需要根据代理决策者的人口学特征、疾病防治知识以及患者疾病特征进行决策辅助,减轻其决策困境,提升决策质量。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of decision-making difficulties among surrogate decision-makers for critically ill puerpera．Methods A total of 262 critically ill puerpera and their surrogate decision-makers from the obstetrics and ICU of Xuchang Central Hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were selected．A survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire,Maternal and Child Health Literacy Questionnaire,Decision Dilemma Scale,and Decision Participation Expectancy Scale．Results The total score of the Decision Dilemma Scale was（39.38±14.58）,with a total score of（13.91±7.16）for information provision and clear values,（20.41±8.25）for social support and decision effectiveness,and（5.06±1.96）for uncertainty．Multiple linear regression analysis found that gender,education level,decision time and total score of stroke prevention and control knowledge all have an impact on the decision-making difficulties of surrogate decision-makers in critically ill puerpera（P<0.05）．Conclusions There is a decision-making dilemma for the surrogate decision-makers of critically ill puerpera．Medical staff need to provide decision-making assistance based on the demographic characteristics,disease prevention and control knowledge,and patient disease characteristics of the surrogate decision-makers,in order to alleviate their decision-making difficulties and improve the quality of decision-making．