目的 探讨清醒镇静应用在急性缺血性脑卒中血管内治疗中的效果。方法 选择2020年1月—2023年3月医院接收的急性缺血性脑卒中患者82例进行研究,按随机数表法分为2组,每组各41例,两组采取溶栓与取栓治疗,对照组采取全身麻醉方式,观察组采取清醒镇静方式,记录两组治疗相关参数,比较两组近期疗效、并发症发生情况及预后。结果 观察组入院到腹股沟穿刺时间(95.52±3.63)min、穿刺至血管再通时间(72.25±5.58)min低于对照组(112.25±4.18)min、(102.45±10.63)min(t=19.349,P<0.05);观察组ICU时间(7.81±2.63)d、住院时间(13.75±3.64)d,与对照组(8.05±2.81)d、(14.52±4.07)d比较差异无统计学意义(t分别为0.524、0.399、0.902,P分别为0.601、0.690、0.369)。观察组近期总有效39例(95.12%)与对照组37例(90.24%)比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =0.719,P=0.396)。观察组症状性颅内出血3例(7.32%)与对照组6例(14.63%)比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =1.123,P=0.289);观察组脑水肿4例(9.76%)、坠积性肺炎12例(29.27%),低于对照组7例(17.07%)、18例(43.90%)(χ 2分别为4.969、6.962,P分别为0.025、0.008)。观察组预后良好21例(51.22%)高于对照组10例(24.39%)(χ 2 =6.275,P=0.012)。结论 急性缺血性脑卒中患者溶栓与取栓治疗中采取清醒镇静方式可获得与全身麻醉相近的疗效,而且可进一步缩短治疗时间,促进血管快速再通,减少相关并发症,使患者获得更好的预后。
Objective To investigate the conscious sedation effect of endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 82 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 41 cases in each group.The two groups were treated with thrombolysis and thrombectomy,the control group was treated with general anesthesia,and the observation group was treated with conscious sedation.The short-term efficacy,complications and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results The time from admission to groin puncture [(95.52±3.63)min] and time from puncture to vascular recanalization [(72.25±5.58)min] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(112.25±4.18)min,(102.45±10.63)min](t=19.349,P<0.05).Observation group ICU time,length of hospital stay(7.81+2.63)d(13.75+3.64)d,and the control group(8.05+2.81)d,(14.52-4.07)d had no statistically significant difference in comparison(t were 0.524,0.399,0.902,P were 0.601,0.690,0.369).Recent total effective cases observation in group was 39(95.12%)and control group was 37(90.24%),there was no statistically significant difference comparing(χ 2 =0.719,P=0.396).Observation group had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in three patients(7.32%)and control group had six cases(14.63%),there was no statistically significant difference(χ 2 =1.123,P=0.289).There were four cases(9.76%)of brain edema and 12 cases(29.27%)of hypostatic pneumonia in the observation group,which were significantly lower than seven cases(17.07%)and 18 cases(43.90%)in the control group(χ 2 =4.969,6.962,P=0.025,0.008).The number of patients with good prognosis in the observation group(21 cases,51.22%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(10 cases,24.39%)(χ 2 =6.275,P=0.012).Conclusions In the treatment of acute ischemic stroke patients with thrombolysis and thrombectomy,conscious sedation can achieve the same efficacy as general anesthesia,and can further shorten the treatment time,promote rapid recanalization of blood vessels and reduce related complications,so that patients can get a better prognosis.
目的 评价人工晶状体(IOL)集中带量采购政策对于白内障摘除术中人工晶状体选择的影响。方法 回顾性分析2020年6月—2022年5月在广州市第一人民医院眼科完成白内障超声乳化摘除联合IOL植入术的患者,根据医院开始集采的时间(2021年5月)将患者分为集采前组与集采后组。比较两组患者的一般资料、IOL类别、IOL价格、手术费用、国产IOL占比等。结果 集采前组(2020年6月—2021年5月)与集采后组(2021年6月—2022年5月)的白内障手术量分别为1 188例及1 099例(双眼手术者仅纳入一眼),两组患者的年龄及性别比例比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。集采前IOL价格为3 770(3 162~7 950)元,高于集采后的1 613(1 079~4 994)元(P<0.001)。两组患者中非球面单焦点IOL所占比例均为最高,集采后多焦点及散光IOL的数量较集采前增加(集采前vs.集采后:多焦IOL:1.9% vs15.0%;散光IOL:0.2% vs 1.3%,均P<0.05),球面IOL的数量减少(集采前后:7.7% vs 0.6%,P<0.05)。集采后国产IOL的使用率由0.5%增加至3.5%(P<0.001)。并且集采后选择多焦点IOL的患者年龄更大[集采前(62.3±12.4)岁,集采后(66.1±10.5)岁,P=0.02]。结论 IOL集中带量采购政策减轻了白内障患者的经济负担,增加了高端IOL的使用量,同时减少了国家医疗保险的支出,并且促进国产医用耗材的使用。
Objective To evaluate the influence of intraocular lens(IOLs)purchasing policy in a centralized volume-based manner on patients’ selection of cataract extraction surgery.Methods The patients who completed cataract phacoemulsification combined with IOLs implantation in the ophthalmology department of Guangzhou First People’s Hospital from June 2020 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the time of centralized IOLs procurement policy implemented in our hospital(May 2021),the patients were divided into before centralized purchase group(from June 2020 to May 2021)and centralized purchase group(from June 2021 to May 2022).The demographics of study population,IOLs category,IOLs cost,operation cost and the proportion of Chinese-made IOLs were compared between the two groups.Results The total numbers of operations in the before centralized purchase group and centralized purchase group were 1 188 and 1 099 eyes(only one eye was included in the binocular surgery),respectively.There was no significant difference in the age and sex between the two groups(P>0.05).The median cost of IOLs in the before centralized purchase group was 3 770(3 162,7 950),which was higher than that of centralized purchase group [1 613(1 079,4 994),P<0.001].The proportion of aspherical IOLs was the highest in both groups.The number of multifocal and astigmatic IOLs in the centralized purchase group increased significantly compared with those of before centralized purchase group(multifocal IOLs:1.9% and 15.0%;astigmatic IOLs:0.2% and 1.3%,all P<0.05).The number of spherical IOLs decreased significantly(7.7% and 0.6%,P<0.05).The utilization rate of domestic IOLs increased from 0.5% to 3.5%(P<0.001).The patients who chose multifocal IOLs in centralized purchase group were older than patients in before centralized purchase group [(62.3±12.4)vs(66.1±10.5),P=0.02].Conclusions The centralized volume-based procurement policy of IOLs reduces the economic burden of patients and increase the use of high-end IOLs.At the same time,it reduces the expenditure of national medical insurance and promotes the use of domestic medical consumables.
目的 分析谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、糖类抗原125(CA125)以及甲胎蛋白(AFP)对肝硬化患者的诊断效能。方法 选择70例肝硬化患者为观察组研究对象,另取70例同期健康体检者为对照组。两组研究对象均接受生化检验、肿瘤标志物检验。对比两组研究对象的AST、CHE、CA125、AFP检测结果,分析上述指标对肝硬化患者的诊断效能。结果 观察组肝硬化患者的CHE低于对照组,AST、CA125与AFP高于对照组(P<0.05);AST与CHE在肝硬化诊断中具有良好的灵敏度、特异度;CA125联合AFP的灵敏度、特异度、符合率均高于CA125或AFP单独检验(P<0.05)。结论 AST、CHE、CA125、AFP在肝硬化患者临床诊断中具有良好的应用表现,是反映患者肝硬化病情进展的重要参考指标。
Objective To analyze the diagnostic efficacy of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),cholinesterase(CHE),carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),and alpha fetoprotein(AFP)in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods A total of 70 patients with liver cirrhosis were included in the observation group as the study subjects,and 70 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.Both groups of research subjects underwent biochemical testing and tumor marker testing.The AST,CHE,CA125,and AFP detection results of two groups of research subjects were compared,and the diagnostic effect of the above indicators on patients with liver cirrhosis were analyzed.Results The CHE test results of patients with liver cirrhosis in the observation group were significantly lower than those of healthy individuals undergoing physical examination,and the AST,CA125,and AFP test results were higher(P<0.05).AST and CHE had good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis.The sensitivity,specificity and coincidence rate of CA125 combined with AFP were higher than those of CA125 or AFP alone.Conclusions AST,CHE,CA125,and AFP have good clinical application performance in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis patients,and are important reference indicators reflecting the progression of liver cirrhosis in patients.
目的 评估多种气道湿化方法对喉癌患者术后气道湿化的效果。方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane、Embase、Web of Science、Ovid、中国知网、万方、CBM、Google Scholar等数据库和网站,检索时限为建库至2023年2月。搜集关于喉癌患者术后不同气道湿化方法的随机对照试验,采用JBI2016年随机对照试验RCT评价标准评价文献质量。使用ADDIS1.16.5软件进行网状Meta分析。结果 纳入18篇研究,共1 596例患者。结果显示,镇痛泵持续泵入与注射器间断滴入、喷雾瓶间断喷雾在痰痂形成方面比较差异有统计学意义[OR(95%CI)=537.70(4.18,124 511.88)、0(0,0.52),P<0.05];湿化满意度方面,注射器间断滴入与喷雾瓶间断喷雾比较差异有统计学意义[OR(95%CI)=8.55(1.40,73.35),P<0.05];其余比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。概率排序显示,降低肺部感染、黏膜出血和痰痂形成、痰液黏稠度、咳嗽和湿化不满意的发生,最优方法分别为湿化泵持续泵入、镇痛泵持续泵入、MR400湿化器和输液器持续泵入。结论 综合网状Meta分析及概率排序结果,考虑到喉癌患者术后早期下床活动,推荐便携式持续湿化方法。
Objective To access the effects of multiple airway humidification methods for postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer.Methods PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMbase,Web of Science,Ovid,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang database,CBM and Google Scholar were searched systematically from establishment to February 2023,respectively.Related randomized controlled trials on airway humidification for postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer was analyzed and the quality of the literature was assessed using the JBI 2016 RCT evaluation.The network Meta analysis was performed using ADDIS 1.16.5 softwares.Results A total of 18 articles and 1596 patients were inciuded.The results showed that the analgesia pump continued to pump into the airway compared with the syringe intermittently drip and the spray bottle intermittent spray was statistically different in the formation of sputum[OR(95%CI)=537.70(4.18,124 511.88),0(0,0.52),P<0.05].In terms of satisfaction of wetness,the difference between the intermittent drop of the syringe and the intermittent spray of the spray bottle was statistically different[OR(95%CI)=8.55(1.40,73.35),P<0.05],the others were not statistically different(P>0.05).Probability ranking table shows that the optimal methods were the humidification pump continues to pump into the airway,the analgesia pump continued to pump into the airway,the MR400 humidifier and the infusion set continuously pumped into the airway,which were beneficial to the reduction in pulmonary infection,tracheal mucosal hemorrhage and formation of phlegm callus,the degree of sputum viscosity,cough and unsatisfactory wetness.Conclusions Based on the comprehensive mesh meta-analysis and probability ranking results,a portable continuous humidification method is recommended considering the early post-operative activities of laryngeal cancer patients.