目的 观察健康促进诊疗管理模式对社区慢性病的干预效果。方法 选取社区的慢性病患者268例,对他们实施慢性病健康促进诊疗管理,主要的方向有健康干预、诊疗管理、随访管理等。结果 干预后患者的体质指数、血压、血糖、血脂的达标率、健康知识、用药依从率等都比干预前有所提升。组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。干预治疗后患者的满意度为87.3%,治疗有效率为85.8%,显著高于干预治疗前的70.1%和59.0%。结论 对社区慢性病患者采取健康促进诊疗管理模式进行干预,能够提高社区慢性病的综合防治效果,对提高患者的生活质量具有一定的促进作用。

目的 通过对我院健康体检人群眼科体检的数据分析,探讨眼科健康管理对眼部疾病防治的重要性。方法 分析2015年1月—12月眼科体检人群的数量、来源、性别、年龄。分析各类眼部疾病的检出率及不同年龄、性别的分布情况。结果 眼科疾病主要为屈光不正、结膜炎、白内障、眼底动脉硬化、黄斑变性等。屈光不正多以青壮年为主,结膜炎在中老年人群中检出率较高,白内障及眼底疾病的检出率在中老年人群中随年龄的增加而增加。结论 对于常见病和隐匿性疾病的防治,眼科体检具有较好的指导意义。

Objective Through the data analysis of eye common diseases in our hospital physical examination population to discuss the importance of eye health management for eye common disease prevention and control. Methods To analyze the quantities, source, gender and age of the eye examination population from Jan to Dec 2015.To analyze relevance ratio of all kinds of eye common disease and the distribution of different age and gender. Results Ophthalmic diseases included mainly ametropia, conjunctivitis, cataracts,fundus arteriosclerosis,macular degeneration and so on. Ametropia mainly happened at young adults, conjunctivitis detection rate was higher in the elderly crowd. The detection rate of cataract and retinal diseases in the elderly crowd increased with their ages. Conclusion For the prevention and treatment of common diseases and latent glomerular diseases, ophthalmic examination has a good guiding significance.

目的 探讨健康成人颈段气管的体外高频超声影像特点,为开展体外超声在检测颈段气管病变应用作前期研究。方法 应用体外高频超声观察120例健康成人颈段气管结构的声像表现,并对气管环T1-T4的内外横径、气管环厚度、相邻气管环间距进行测量和统计学分析。结果 120例志愿者均获得了颈段气管前、侧壁声像图,以及气管环T1-T4内外横径、气管环厚度、相邻气管环间距测值。结论 体外高频超声可以清晰显示气管形态和细微支撑结构,并进行部分径线测量,有望成为评估颈段气管病变的一种有价值的辅助手段。

Objective We investigated features of the healthy adult cervical tracheas in order to studying cervical tracheal lesions by extracorporeal high-frequency ultrasound EHFUS. Methods EHFUS examination of the trachea was performed in 120 asymptomatic adult volunteers. We observed imaging features of the healthy adult cervical tracheas, and measured TRID, TRED, TRTh and TRAS to analysis. Results The cervical tracheal anterior and side wall ultrasonograms, and measurements were obtained in all subjects. Conclusion The cervical tracheal shape and the fine structure of support can be seen in EHFUS, and partly of diameter measurements were obtained. Thus EHFUS may be a valuable assistant method to assess cervical tracheal lesions of support structure.

目的 广州市卫生局高度重视北部山区卫生事业建设,开展了大型医院与乡镇卫生院的对口帮扶工作,目前省市大型医院对农村的地区的帮扶以疾病的诊治及设备支持为主,健康教育是一项投入少而效益大的保健措施,本文探讨大型医院针对农村地区的科学的、行之有效的教育健康的工作模式,建立农村卫生科普体系,全面提高人民群众总体健康水平和生活质量,有着重要的政治、经济及公共卫生学意义。

目的 对出生缺陷知信行健康教育模式效果进行策略分析与探讨,为进一步完善围产期保健服务及健康教育工作提供合理化建议。方法 采用《孕期妇女出生缺陷基本知识知晓率专题测评问卷》并结合实际情况设定有关信念、行为方面的7个问题,对2011年1月—2013年6月期间在中心孕妇学校参加健康教育活动课堂的孕妇进行调查,并应用决策树模型对中心现有的出生缺陷知信行健康教育模式效果进行探讨。结果 预防出生缺陷知识方面,对初高中及中专文化程度的孕期妇女加强出生缺陷预防知识健康教育的预期收益合计达到51.2%,可作为重点目标人群;预防出生缺陷信念方面,主要决定因素是户籍类型和年龄,加大对本地户籍及25岁以上流动妇女人群的健康教育,促进孕期妇女树立预防出生缺陷信念的预期收益累计达95.9%;预防出生缺陷行为方面,主要影响因素是产检医生的嘱咐,受到嘱咐的孕期妇女预期收益为62.3%。结论 为了达到出生缺陷防治目标与健康教育整体效果的提高,应将预防出生缺陷的健康教育工作重点放在初高中及中专文化程度人群,本地户籍孕期妇女和25岁以上流动性孕期妇女又是需要树立预防出生缺陷信念的重点人群,强化产检医生的嘱托义务是提高孕期妇女出生缺陷知信行健康教育模式效果的有力保证。

Objective To identify factors related to the knowledge, attitude and practice KAP of birth defects prevention among pregnant women, and provide reasonable suggestions to improve perinatal health services and health education. Methods Using cluster sampling method, 5500 participants from pregnant women school were enrolled. Information on “awareness of basic knowledge of birth defects” and 7 questions about attitudes and practice to participant actual situation was gathered through personal interviews using a structured questionnaire. The related factors were analyzed by classification tree model of SPSS 19.0. Results As to birth defects related knowledge, prospective return was more than 50% in the pregnant women with junior, senior high school and technical secondary school education level. As to birth defects prevention faith, the main determinant was census register types; prospective return of pregnant women who were local permanent residents and floating population aged ≥25 years was 95.9%. The main influencing factor of practice was prenatal doctor's education; prospected return was 62.3% after strengthening the health education of prenatal doctor. Conclusion In order to improve birth defects education effect, pregnant women who have junior, senior high school and technical secondary school education level and are local permanent residents or floating population aged ≥25 years should be key targeted population. Prenatal doctor's health education will be a powerful guarantee.

目的 探讨赛肤润与局部氧疗对新生儿臀红皮肤的疗效,总结防治新生儿臀红的护理方法。方法 选择66例患有臀红的新生儿随机分成对照组和实验组,对照组给予臀部清洁并吸干水分,对潮红及尿液刺激处皮肤涂搽赛肤润处理;实验组在给予臀部清洁,吸干水分,对臀红皮肤行吹氧气治疗5分钟后给潮红及尿液刺激处范围的皮肤涂搽赛肤润,并加强护婴者婴儿臀部护理知识宣教。结果 实验组新生儿臀红处皮肤红斑消退时间比对照组短;实验组新生儿臀红和皮肤红疹发生率比对照组减少18.33%;实验组新生儿臀部皮肤红疹治愈率比对照组高22.61%(P<0.05)。结论 加强臀部护理知识宣教,赛肤润与局部氧疗联合干预在降低新生儿臀红发生率,缩短新生儿臀红消退时间、提高新生儿臀红治愈率比单纯赛肤润治疗效果明显,值得临床推广应用。

目的 探讨基于品管圈活动构建健康体检重要异常结果的追踪管理模式对提高电话随访率的影响。方法 选取2022年5月—2023年4月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院健康管理中心体检重要异常结果的328例受检者作为研究对象。成立品管圈活动小组,实施追踪管理模式。干预后时间段为2022年11月—2023年4月,期间针对不同样本分别实施了干预措施一至四及全面实施措施,分析随访1个月后成功随访人数。比较干预前后圈员综合能力变化及患者对健康管理中心的满意度。结果 电话随访率在干预措施一实施后为85.02%,干预措施二实施后为88.59%,干预措施三实施后为90.23%,干预措施四实施后为95.27%,全面实施干预措施一至干预措施四后为95.80%,均较干预措施实施前电话随访率（75.91%）有所增长;干预成功随访人数中,复诊率为84.34%（210/249）,全面实施措施后成功随访人数中复诊率为94.74%（216/228）。相较于干预前,干预后,圈员解决问题能力、责任心、沟通协调、团队凝聚力、积极性、品管手法、自信心、和谐感分值均升高（P<0.05）。干预前患者满意度为85.37%,干预后患者满意度为87.80%,干预后满意度有所升高,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 通过开展品管圈活动,使重要异常结果电话随访率明显提高,有利于提升体检机构的服务质量和服务能力,有利于疾病的早发现、早干预。

Objective Exploring the impact of establishing a tracking and management model for important abnormal results of health check ups based on quality control circle activities on improving telephone follow-up rates. Methods A total of 328 subjects with important abnormal results in Health Management Center of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat sen University from May 2022 to April 2023 were selected. The quality control circle activity group was set and the tracking management mode was carried out. The post intervention period was from November 2022 to April 2023, during which intervention measures 1-4 and comprehensive implementation measures were implemented for different samples. The number of successful follow-up after 1 month of follow-up was analyzed. Changes in the comprehensive ability of the circle staff before and after the intervention and the patients’ satisfaction with the health management center were compared. Results The telephone follow-up rate after intervention 1 was 85. 02%, 88. 59% after intervention 2,90. 23% after intervention 3,95. 27% after intervention 4 and 95. 80% after all intervention,which was higher than 75. 91% before intervention implementation. Among the single intervention individuals, the re-visit rate was 84. 34%（210/249）, and after the comprehensive implementation of measures, the re-visit rate among the successfully intervened individuals was 94. 74%（216/228）. After the intervention,the problem solving ability,responsibility, communication and coordination,team cohesion, enthusiasm,quality control techniques,self-confidence,and sense of harmony all significantly increased（P<0. 05）. The patient satisfaction rate before intervention was 85. 37%, and after intervention it was 87. 80%. The satisfaction rate increased after intervention, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0. 05）. Conclusions Through the quality control circle activities, the telephone follow-up rate of important abnormal results is significantly improved,which is conducive to improving the service quality and service capacity of physical examination institutions,is conducive to the early detection and early intervention of diseases.

        目的   探讨情景模拟式健康教育对飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出手术（SMILE）患者的应用效果，提高手术患者术中的配合度。方法   随机选取2020年6月—12月于我院拟进行SMILE手术患者200例，随机分为观察组和对照组，各100例，其中对照组采用常规术前健康教育，观察组采用情景模拟宣教视频的方式实施术前健康教育。比较两组患者围术期依从性、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和SMILE手术知识知晓率。结果   观察组患者围术期依从性和SMILE手术围术期知识知晓率得分高于对照组、患者术前焦虑水平低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论   情景模拟式健康教育能有效提升SMILE手术患者围术期依从性，减轻患者手术紧张的情绪，提升患者SMILE手术围术期健康知识知晓率，提升就医体验及手术成功率。

        Objective  To  explore the  application  effect  of  scenario  simulation  based  health  education  on  patients undergoing small incision lenticule extraction（SMILE），in order to improve the cooperation of surgical patients．Methods  From June to December in 2020，200 patients who were scheduled to undergo SMILE in the hospital were randomly selected and divided into an observation group and a control group，with 100 patients in each group．The control group received routine preoperative health education，while the observation group received preoperative health education through scenario simulation educational videos．The perioperative adherence of patients，Self Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS），and SMILE surgical knowledge awareness  rates were compared between patients of two groups．Results  The observation group had higher scores in perioperative adherence of patients and perioperative knowledge awareness of SMILE surgery than the control group，and lower preoperative anxiety levels than the control group，with statistically significant differences（P＜0.05）．Conclusions  Scenario simulation based health education can effectively improve the adherence of SMILE patients，alleviate their surgical anxiety，enhance their awareness of perioperative health knowledge，improve their medical experience，and increase the success rate of the surgery．

       目的   分析共同照护模式联合回授法健康教育在2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法   将2023年1月—2023年12月广州市第一人民医院收治 的114例2型糖尿病患者作为此次研究对象，分为研究组（n=57）和对照组（n=57），对照组患者给予常规护理结合健康教育，研究组患者给予共同照护模式联合回授法健康教育，评估两组在培训前及培训后1、3个月的血糖控制情况及糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表（SDSCA）等指标。结果   培训1、3个月后，两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白均低于培训前，且研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。培训1、3个月后，两组患者的糖尿病患者SDSCA评分高于培训前，且研究组各项评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）。重复测量方差分析表明随着时间的推移，患者的血糖控制状况随着不同护理培训策略而得到改善。结论   使用共同照护模式联合回授法健康教育对2型糖尿病患者可以更显著改善血糖控制水平、提高自我管理效能。

       Objective  To analyze the effect of co-care mode and feedback  health education on  patients with type  2 diabetes．Methods  From January 2023 to December 2023，114 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Guangzhou First People’s Hospital were divided into two groups：experimental group（n=57）and control group（n=57）．Patients in control group were given routine nursing combined with health education．Patients in study group were given co-care and feedback health education．Before intervention and 1，3 months after intervention，patients’ blood glucose control and diabetic self-management behavior scale（SDSCA）were evaluated．Results  After 1 and 3 months of intervention，the fasting blood glucose，2-hour blood glucose and HbA1c of the two groups were significantly lower than those before intervention，and the fasting blood glucose，2-hour blood glucose and HbA1c of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group（P＜0.05）．After 1 month and 3 months of intervention，the SDSCA scores of diabetic patients in both groups were higher than those before intervention，and the scores of study group were higher than those of control group（P＜0.05）．Repeated measures analysis of variance indicating that glycemic control improved significantly over time with different nursing training strategies．Conclusions  Co-care mode and feedback health education can significantly improve blood glucose control and self-management efficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes．