目的 分析探讨健康驿站新冠病毒肺炎病例感染来源,评估驿站站内感染风险,规范驿站管理,降低感染风险。方法 对驿站2022年2月21日—3月9日全部14例新冠肺炎病例自入境到报告进行全链条风险分析。结果 14例病例为7批次不同时间入住,其中病例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、12、13共12例病例入境后即确诊,病例11入住5天(其共同入境、同住人员病例10,入境后即确诊)确诊、病例14入住10天发病确诊,其余病例均未呈现感染发病时间特异性,未呈现入境后交叉感染时间特异性,未见入住后空间、通风系统、排污系统交集,未见交叉感染情况。结论 该驿站目前报告新冠肺炎病例均有相关旅居史,主要在香港本土感染。13名病例大概率均在香港感染,入境隔离时发病确诊,其中病例1、2、3、4,病例6、7、8,病例10、11是3起呈现家庭聚集性感染发病,病例5、9是独立个案,病例14需要进一步排除,驿站未规范管理会导致误报及进一步扩大站内感染风险。

Objective To investigate and analyze the source of infection of COVID-19 cases in health station, assess the risk of infection, standardize the management and reduce the risk of infection. Methods From February 21 to March 9, 2022, the whole chain risk analysis of all 14 COVID-19 cases from entry to reporting was carried out. Results Fourteen cases were admitted in 7 batches at different times. Except for case 11 who diagnosed at the 5th day (the case of co-entry and co-resident case 10 was diagnosed after entry), and case 14 who diagnosed at the 10th day, the rest of the cases were diagnosed after entry, which did not show infection-onset time specificity, no time specificity of cross-infection after entry, no intersection of space, ventilation system and sewage system after entry, and no cross-infection. Conclusions The COVID-19 cases reported by the station were mainly infected in Hong Kong. Those 13 cases were highly likely infected in Hong Kong, all were diagnosed at the time of entry quarantine, while cases 1~4, cases 6~8, and cases 10~11 were 3 cases of family cluster infection, case 5 and 9 were an independent case, and case 14 needed to be further investigation. Failure to standardize the management of the station will lead to false alarms and further increase the risk of infection in the station.

目的 探讨健康儿童的个体因素对超声测量下腔静脉内径的影响。方法 使用超声测量210例健康儿童的下腔静脉呼气末内径及腹主动脉内径,并记录他们的个体特征,包括性别、年龄、身高、体质量、腰围、体表面积等,进行相关与回归分析。结果 年龄、身高、体质量、腰围、体表面积与下腔静脉和腹主动脉内径呈正相关。年龄是女性儿童下腔静脉内径唯一的独立影响因素,身高是男性儿童下腔静脉内径唯一的独立影响因素。无论男性或女性,年龄是儿童腹主动脉内径的独立影响因素,而下腔静脉和腹主动脉内径的比值不受这些个体因素的影响。结论 下腔静脉和腹主动脉内径易受个体因素影响,而它们的比值不易受个体因素影响,可以更好的用于预测儿童的容量特征。

Objective To explore the impact of individual characteristics on inferior vena cava diameter ( IVC ) in healthy children. Methods IVC_max and abdominal aorta (AO) diameters were measured by ultrasound in 210 healthy children. The individual characteristics including gender, age,height,weight, waist circumference of each child were recorded. Then the surface area(BSA) and IVC_max/AO were calculated to discuss the relationship between them with multivariate analysis. Results Age, height, weight,waist circumference, and BSA were positively correlated with IVC_max and AO. Multivariate linear regression showed that age was the only independent variable for IVC_max in female children, height was the only independent variable for IVC_max in male children, and age was the only independent variable for AO in both females and males. IVC_max/AO was not significantly influenced by the subjects' characteristics. Conclusion IVC_max and AO were more susceptible to subjects' characteristics than IVC_max/AO. IVC_max/AO could be a reliable and practical parameter in children as it was independent of age, height, and weight.

目的 探讨延续性健康指导联合预见性干预对慢性脑卒中患者脑功能影响。方法 选取2019年6月—2020年6月我院收治的慢性脑卒中患者118例,使用随机数字表法将其分为两组,对照组进行预见性干预,研究组进行延续性健康指导联合预见性干预。比较两组效果、神经运动功能、不良反应。结果 研究组效果大于对照组(P＜0.05);研究组神经运动功能大于对照组(P＜0.05);研究组不良反应少于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论 慢性脑卒中护理中,延续性健康指导联合预见性干预效果较好,值得应用。

Objective To investigate the effects of continuous health guidance and combined predictive intervention on cerebral function in patients with chronic stroke. Methods A total of 118 patients with chronic stroke admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected and divided into two groups using the random number table method. The control group received predictive intervention, and the study group received continuous health guidance combined predictive intervention. The effects, neuromotor functions and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results The effect of the study group was greater than that of the control group (P<0.05). The neuromotor function of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The adverse reactions in the study group were less than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion In the nursing of chronic stroke, the effect of continuous health guidance combined with predictive intervention is good, and it is worth applying.

目的 探究基于微信平台的健康管理对糖尿病老年患者焦虑、抑郁、主观幸福感、血糖水平和生存质量的影响。方法 采取便利抽样方法选取我院老年病科2型糖尿病患者106例,随机分为干预组和对照组各53例。干预组进行基于微信平台的健康管理,主要包括心理干预和健康宣教,对照组实施传统心理干预和健康宣教,比较2组患者的焦虑、抑郁、主观幸福感、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、HbA1C和生存质量。结果 干预后,干预组焦虑发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05),而抑郁发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);干预组患者SAS评分、GDS评分、主观幸福感总分空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平、HbA1C、PCS和MCS评分降低或升高效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.823,3.231,-18.956,5.152,7.401,7.528,-3.165,-3.232;P＜0.05)。结论 基于微信平台的健康管理能有效控制糖尿病老年患者的血糖水平,降低焦虑抑郁症状水平,提升主观幸福感和生存质量。

Objective To explore the effect of health management based on WeChat platform on depressive symptoms and quality of life of elderly patients with diabetes. Methods 106 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized in geriatrics department in our hospital were selected by convenient sampling method and divided into two groups randomly, with 53 cases in each group. The intervention group was given psychological nursing and health education based on WeChat platform, while the control group received traditional psychological nursing and health education. Finally, the levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms, subjective well-being, fasting blood-glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose, HbA1C and quality of life, were compared in both groups. Results After the intervention, the incidence of anxiety in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05), while the incidence of depression did not have statistical difference compared with that in the control group (P＞0.05). The decrease or evaluation of SAS, GDS, subjective well-being, fasting blood-glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose, HbA1C, PCS and MCS of the intervention group were greater than those in the control group, (t=2.823,3.231,-18.956,5.152,7.401,7.528,-3.165,-3.232;;P＜0.05). Conclusion Psychological intervention and health education by WeChat may control the blood glucose level of elderly patients with diabetes, reduce the level of anxiety and depression symptoms and improve subjective well-being and quality of life effectively.

目的 探究甲状腺癌患者对健康知识了解详情和需求,同时提出合理健康教育方案。方法 随机抽取本院2017年11月—2019年5月期间收治的122例甲状腺癌患者为研究对象,通过本院自制的调查问卷对其进行调查,分析和掌握患者对健康知识了解详情和具体需求,同时根据其特点提出合理的健康宣教方式。结果 患者对疾病和生活习惯的联系、定期入院复诊的重要性、临床治疗对疾病的控制详情、具体治疗方案和疗效、疾病临床特征以及疾病详细信息等甲状腺癌相关知识不了解率分别为50.00%、51.64%、72.95%、74.59%、77.87%、8.19%;健康教育内容需求评分较高,需求占比全部高于40%;患者对不同的健康教育形式有着不同的需求,其中需求最高的为护患会议交流,占比98.36%,其次为微信科普知识,占比96.72%,之后依次为播放视频和音频(94.26%)、创建专题讲座(93.44%)、个体指导(91.80%)、电话随访(83.60%)、相同疾病患者经验介绍(80.32%)、宣传栏和宣传册(63.90%)。结论 甲状腺癌患者对健康知识了解较少且需求较大,因此可对患者采取多元化健康知识教育方案,满足不同患者的需求,进而增加患者对疾病的重视程度,有利于患者树立治疗信心、提升其生活质量。

Objective To explore the health knowledge of thyroid cancer patients to understand the details and needs, and put forward a reasonable health education program. Methods 122 patients with thyroid cancer admitted to our hospital from November 2017 to May 2019 were randomly selected as the research objects. Through the questionnaire made by our hospital, we investigated the patients, analyzed and mastered the patients' understanding details and specific needs of health knowledge, and proposed reasonable health education methods according to their characteristics. Results The rates of patients' ignorance about thyroid cancer related knowledge, such as the relationship between disease and lifestyle, the importance of regular admission to hospital, the control details of the disease in clinical treatment, the specific treatment plan and effect, the clinical characteristics of the disease and the detailed information of the disease, were 50.00%, 51.64%, 72.95%, 74.59%, 77.87% and 8.19%, respectively. The score of demand for health education content was high, accounting for more than 40% of the total demand.Patients with different forms of health education had different needs, one of the highest requirements for meeting communication, nurses and patients accounted for 98.36%, followed by WeChat popular science knowledge, accounted for 96.72%, followed by after playing video and audio (94.26%), creating a seminar (93.44%), individual guidance (91.80%), telephone follow-up (83.60%), experience introduction (80.32%),patients with the same disease, publicity column and brochure (63.90%). Conclusion Patients with thyroid cancer have less knowledge of health knowledge and need more health knowledge. Therefore, we may take diversified health knowledge education programs to meet the needs of different patients, and then increase the attention of patients to the disease, which is conducive to the patients to establish treatment confidence and improve their quality of life.

目的 探究分析基于互联网平台的健康管理模式对2型糖尿病患者血糖管理的效果及其临床价值。方法 选择2018年3月—2019年3月期间到我院进行治疗的120例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,用电脑随机法分为对照组和实验组各60例,对照组患者对其进行常规的护理干预,实验组患者给予基于互联网平台的健康管理模式,测试他们接受护理管理前后的血糖情况,邀请所有患者填写焦虑、抑郁自评量表评分并比较两组患者的心理状态评分,比较两组患者的生活质量和护理满意度。分析它们的护理要点及其结果。结果 实验组患者的护理后的血糖低于对照组;实验组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量(SDS)表得分分别为(45.2±4.3)分和(42.8±6.3)分,这两个表均低于对照组的(56.3±7.5)分、(58.1±3.9)分;实验组患者的生活质量高于对照组;护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 应用基于互联网平台的健康管理模式有利于提高糖尿病患者血糖控制效果,对改善患者负面情绪、提高其生活质量及维持良好的护患关系也具有积极意义。

Objective To explore the effect and clinical value of health management model based on internet platform on blood glucose management in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM). Methods 120 patients with T2DM who came to our hospital for treatment from March 2018 to March 2019 were selected and they were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 60 cases each. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing intervention. The patients in the experimental group were given health management mode based on the internet platform to test their blood glucose before and after receiving nursing management. All patients were invited to filled in the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS).The blood glucose level, the psychological state, the self-rating scales and nursing points in the two groups were investigated and compared after intervention. Results The blood glucose of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, the scores of SAS and SDS were (45.2 ± 4.3) (42.8 ± 6.3) respectively, both of which were lower than those of the control group (56.3 ± 7.5) and (58.1 ± 3.9); the quality of life of patients in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group; nursing satisfaction was higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of health management model based on internet platform is conducive to improving the effect of blood glucose control in diabetes patients, relieving their negative emotions, improving their quality of life and maintaining a good nurse-patient relationship.

目的 观察综合健康教育在门诊长期肌注黄体酮患者的应用效果。方法 选取2018年10月—2019年6月在本院门诊中心注射室进行黄体酮注射的先兆流产患者319例,按患者来门诊的注射顺序,采用随机分组方法,单数位为对照组,双数位为干预组。干预组在肌注黄体酮时实行综合健康教育,而对照组则进行基本指导。注射1个月后观察效果。结果 干预组发生硬结例数77例(48.4%),对照组147例(91.9%);而疼痛程度方面干预组为(1.34±2.125)分,而对照组则为(4.51±2.400)分;干预组的满意度平均分为(9.60±0.975)分,而对照组为(6.65±1.603)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 对门诊长期肌注黄体酮患者实行综合健康教育有助于减轻患者疼痛、降低硬结发生率,促进药物疗效,提高患者满意度。

Objective To observe the effect of comprehensive health education on outpatients with long-term intramuscular injection of progesterone. Methods 319 patients were enrolled from October 2018 to June 2019, and were divided into the observation group and control group according to the sequence of patients coming to the outpatient clinic. Comprehensive health education was applied in the intervention group, and general basic education was applied in the control group. Results There were 77 cases (48.4%) of callosity in the intervention group, 147 cases (91.9%) in the control group. In pain degree scores of (1.34±2.125) were in the intervention group, (4.51±2.400) in the control group. In degree of satisfaction, (9.60±0.975) were in the intervention group, and (6.65±1.603) in the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion Comprehensive health education may alleviate pain and callosity in patients with long-term intramuscular injection of progesterone.

目的 了解医务人员临床工作中血源性职业暴露的情况、暴露后的心理健康状况及其影响因素,采取干预措施,保障医务人员身心健康。方法 对医院2013年1月—2017年12月上报的79例血源性职业暴露者,在1个月内进行现状调查,同时采用自填式问卷症状自评量表(SCL-90)对调查对象进行调查,对其暴露后的心理影响程度进行评估。结果 医务人员在发生血源性职业暴露后其中躯体化因子、人际关系敏感因子、抑郁因子、焦虑因子在职业暴露前后的比较及与未发生职业暴露的医务人员相比较,均有不同程度的提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。单因素分析显示影响血源性职业暴露后医务人员的心理健康状况的因素有年龄、职业、工龄、既往发生职业暴露史和患者患传染病种类(P<0.05)。其中年龄在21~25岁年龄的医务人员的得分较高,职业为医生和陪护工人的得分较高,工龄在1~5年的得分较高,既往发生过职业暴露的医务人员得分较高,患者患传染病类型为梅毒及暴露源不明的得分较高。结论 医务人员在发生血源性职业暴露后,其心理健康状态可受到较大影响;工龄、既往发生职业暴露史和患者患传染病种类是医务人员发生血源性职业暴露后心理状况健康的独立影响因素。医院管理者在重视预防及减少职业暴露的同时,更应关注血源性职业暴露后的心理变化,及时提供心理支持和医疗帮助。

目的 探讨健康教育路径联合集束化护理模式在预防脑卒中患者便秘的效果观察。方法 随机选择神经外科收治的脑卒中患者120例,分为实验组与对照组,各60例,其中对照组给予常规护理,而实验组在常规护理基础上应用健康教育路径联合集束化护理模式。比较两组患者便秘发生率、便秘措施落实率、患者满意度、及患者入院前后的健康教育知识知晓率的比较。结果 实验组便秘发生率明显低于对照组,便秘护理评估率,护理措施落实率,病人满意度明显高于观察组,患者入院后的健康教育知识知晓率明显升高(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。结论 健康教育路径联合集束化护理模式能有效的降低脑卒中患者便秘发生率,提高预防便秘发生护理措施落实率,提高患者满意度,提高患者舒适度。

目的 观察饮食干预管理和健康教育对糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)患者的干预效果。方法 90例DKA患者根据数字表法随机分为2组,对照组(n=45)予以常规治疗及护理措施,观察组(n=45)在对照组治疗及护理基础上予以饮食干预管理和健康教育,比较两组患者干预后血糖控制时间、酸中毒纠正时间和住院治疗时间;采用相关效果量表调查两组患者干预前后相关知识知晓程度及健康饮食依从度;通过生活质量评分表和问卷表比较两组患者两组生活质量和护理满意度。结果 观察组干预后血糖控制时间、酸中毒纠正时间均早于对照组(P<0.05),而住院治疗时间少于对照组(P<0.05);两组干预前相关知识知晓程度比较无差异(P>0.05),观察组干预后相关知识知晓程度及健康饮食依从度均优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后生活质量及护理满意度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 饮食干预管理和健康教育可明显改善DKA患者症状及生活质量,提高相关知识知晓程度及健康饮食依从度。