入院时血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平联合检测对老年急性脑梗死患者规范治疗后3个月内发生预后不良的早期预测效能

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目的 探讨入院时血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平联合检测对老年急性脑梗死(ACI)患者规范治疗后3个月内发生预后不良的早期预测效能。方法 前瞻性选取2023年1月~2025年1月于焦作市第五人民医院就诊的108例老年ACI患者作为ACI组,另选取同期健康志愿者108例作为对照组。比较两组血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平。老年ACI患者予以规范治疗,根据治疗后3个月内预后情况将其分为预后不良(46例)和预后良好(62例)亚组,比较不同预后ACI患者患者临床资料及入院时血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平;Logistic回归分析入院时血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平是否为老年ACI患者规范治疗后3个月内发生预后不良的独立影响因素;ROC曲线分析入院时血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平联合检测对ACI患者预后不良的预测效能。结果 ACI组入院时血清SAA、CRP水平高于对照组,血清ApoA1水平低于对照组(P<0.05);预后不良亚组高血压占比、入院NIHSS评分、梗死体积、入院时血清SAA、CRP水平高于预后良好亚组,血清ApoA1水平低于预后良好亚组(P<0.05);剔除存在多重共线性指标高血压、入院NIHSS评分、梗死体积后,入院时血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平仍是老年ACI患者规范治疗后3个月内发生预后不良的独立影响因素(P<0.05);入院时血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平联合预测ACI患者预后不良的AUC值为0.873,显高于各指标单独预测值0.738、0.768、0.749(P<0.05)。结论 入院时血清SAA、ApoA1、CRP水平是老年ACI患者预后不良的独立影响因素,联合检测对预后不良具有较高的预测效能,可将其作为ACI患者血清敏感指标,协助临床医师早期制定针对性干预措施,减少ACI患者预后不良的发生。

改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后患者临床应用研究

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探讨改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后留置尿管患者临床的影响。方法 选取2025年2月7日—2025年10 月10日我院妇科腹腔镜手术术后留置尿管患者60例为研究对象。本研究采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为对照组与观察组,两组各纳入30例。比较两组首次拔管尿路疼痛评价、首次排尿时间、患者尿潴留例数。结果 观察组首次拔尿管尿路疼痛程度显著低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组首次排尿时间显著少于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察两组尿潴留发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 本次研究采用改良后的尿管拔除方法,虽未明显降低妇科腹腔镜术后患者的尿潴留发生率,但能有效降低拔尿管时患者的不适感 ,减少尿道损伤,缓解疼痛,加快患者自主排尿,具有积极临床实践意义。

沙库巴曲缬沙坦对慢性心力衰竭心电稳定性及心脏负荷的改善作用分析

Analysis of the Improvement Effect of Sacubitril Valsartan on Electrocardiogram Stability and Cardiac Load in Chronic Heart Failure

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目的:探讨沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心电稳定性及心脏负荷的改善作用。方法:病例纳入2023年10月~2025年5月收治的102例CHF患者为研究对象,依据就诊时间段及治疗方案不同,将2023年3月~2024年6月沿用缬沙坦+螺内酯+比索洛尔治疗的51例患者列为常规组,将2024年7月~2025年9月采用沙库巴曲缬沙坦+螺内酯+比索洛尔治疗的51例患者列为试验组,比较两组患者的心肌纤维化,心电稳定性,心脏负荷及治疗安全性。所有患者均接受为期半年随访,比较两组患者的预后情况。结果:治疗后,试验组的基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、半乳糖凝集素-3(Gal-3)、可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)均低于常规组(t=5.045,2.889,4.115,4.582;P<0.05)。试验组的校正QT间期(QTc)、QT离散度(QTd)、T波峰-末间期(Tp-e)、室性早搏次数分别为(405.39±40.26)ms、(45.25±5.33)ms、(90.33±5.28)ms、(80.36±5.39)次/24h,均低于常规组[(450.22±42.19)ms、(50.37±6.15)ms、(95.29±6.44)ms、(85.27±6.18)次/24h](t=5.490,4.493,4.253,4.276;P<0.05)。试验组的收缩期肺动脉压(sPAP)、三尖瓣反流峰值速度(TRVmax)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)分别为(20.48±5.26)mmHg、(2.13±0.25)m/s、(45.29±5.62)mm、(30.61±5.33)mm,均低于常规组[(25.35±6.29)mmHg、(3.22±0.47)m/s、(50.45±6.15)mm、(35.49±6.27)mm](t=4.242,14.622,4.423,4.235;P<0.05)。试验组的药物相关副反应发生率与常规组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。截至随访结束时,试验组的不良预后发生率9.80%(5/51)低于常规组27.45%(14/51)(x2=5.239;P<0.05)。结论:沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠能延缓CHF患者的心肌纤维化进程并改善心电稳定性,在有效改善心电稳定性并降低不良预后发生风险同时未显著增加治疗风险。
Objective:To explore the improvement effect of sacubitril valsartan sodium on electrocardiogram stability and cardiac load in patients with CHF.Methods:A total of 102 CHF patients admitted from October 2023 to May 2025 were included in the study. Based on the treatment period and regimen, 51 patients treated with valsartan, spironolactone, and bisoprolol from March 2023 to June 2024 were classified as the conventional group, while 51 patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan, spironolactone, and bisoprolol from July 2024 to September 2025 were designated as the experimental group. The myocardial fibrosis, electrocardiographic stability, cardiac workload, and treatment safety were compared between the two groups. All patients underwent a six-month follow-up to assess their prognosis.Results:After treatment, the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, Gal-3, and sST2 in the experimental group were lower than the control group (t=5.045,2.889,4.115,4.582; P<0.05). The QTc, QTd, Tp-e, and number of ventricular premature beats in the experimental group were (405.39 ± 40.26) ms, (45.25 ± 5.33) ms, (90.33 ± 5.28) ms, and (80.36 ± 5.39) beats per 24 hours, lower than the control group [(450.22 ± 42.19) ms, (50.37 ± 6.15) ms, (95.29 ± 6.44) ms, and (85.27 ± 6.18) beats per 24 hours] (t=5.490,4.493,4.253,4.276; P<0.05). The sPAP, TRVmax, LVEDD, and LVESD of the experimental group were (20.48 ± 5.26) mmHg, (2.13 ± 0.25) m/s, (45.29 ± 5.62) mm, and (30.61 ± 5.33) mm, lower than the conventional group [(25.35 ± 6.29) mmHg, (3.22 ± 0.47) m/s, (50.45 ± 6.15) mm, and (35.49 ± 6.27) mm] (t=4.242,14.622,4.423,4.235; P<0.05). The incidence of drug-related side effects in the experimental group was not significantly different from that in the control group (P>0.05). As of the end of follow-up, the incidence of poor prognosis in the experimental group was 9.80% (5/51) lower than that in the conventional group 27.45% (14/51) (x2=5.239; P<0.05).Conclusion:Sacubitril valsartan sodium can delay the progression of myocardial fibrosis and improve electrocardiogram stability in CHF patients, effectively improving electrocardiogram stability and reducing the risk of adverse prognosis without significantly increasing treatment risk.

冠状动脉血管成像联合动态心电图与冠心病冠脉狭窄程度及预后的关联研究

Study on the correlation between Coronary CT angiography combined with dynamic electrocardiogram and the degree and prognosis of coronary stenosis in coronary heart disease

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目的:分析冠状动脉CT血管成像(CTA)联合动态心电图(DCG)与冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度及预后情况的关联。方法:研究对象选择我院2024年1月~2025年3月收治的210例冠心病患者及同期接受检查的210例非冠心病患者,分别列为病例组和对照组,比较两组CTA参数、DCG参数间差异。依据入院测得(Gensini)评分不同,将入组患者分别列为轻度组(60例,Gensini评分≤30分)、中度组(75例,Gensini评分>30分、≤60分)和重度组(75例,Gensini评分>60分),比较三组CTA参数、DCG参数间差异,分析CTA参数、DCG参数与Gensini评分的相关性。统计入组患者不良预后发生情况,比较不同预后患者CTA参数、DCG参数间差异,归纳冠心病患者预后影响因素,检验CTA参数、DCG参数对患者不良预后的预测效能。结果:病例组的最小管腔直径(MLD)、最小管腔面积(MLA)、血流储备分数(FFR)、正常窦性间期的标准差(SDNN)、每5min平均RR间期的标准差(SDANN)、相邻RR间期差值的均方根(RMSSD)均低于对照组,斑块总体积(TPV)、低频/高频比值(LF/HF)均高于对照组(t=24.128,25.811,15.613,37.636,26.858,9.195,59.862,29.389;P<0.05)。重度组的MLD、MLA、FFR、SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD均低于中度组,轻度组,TPV、LF-HF均高于中度组,轻度组(F=190.291,51.562,186.482,42.084,44.413,22.541,56.503,109.983;P<0.05)。MLD、MLA、FFR、SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD均与Gensini评分负相关,TPV、LF-HF均与Gensini评分正相关(r=-0.352,-0.377,-0.445,-0.472,-0.332,-0.356,0.401,0.355;P<0.05)。经统计,210例冠心病患者的不良预后发生率为38.10%(80/210)。预后不良组的MLD、MLA、FFR、SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD均低于预后良好组,TPV、LF-HF均高于预后良好组(t=6.827,12.219,19.313,6.097,7.097,5.027,7.088,12.465;P<0.05)。MLA、FFR、SDNN升高为冠心病不良预后的保护因素,LF/HF升高为冠心病不良预后的危险因素。FFR、SDNN联合检测预测不良预后的 AUC 值优于两项指标单独检测(Delong检验,P<0.05)。结论:CTA、DCG能客观评估冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度,联合检测FFR、SDNN可作为预测冠心病不良预后的重要辅助手段。
Objective:To analyze the correlation between CTA combined with DCG and the degree of coronary stenosis and prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:The research subjects selected were 210 patients with coronary heart disease admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to March 2025, as well as 210 non coronary heart disease patients who underwent examinations during the same period. They were divided into a case group and a control group. The differences in CTA parameters and DCG parameters between the two groups were compared. According to the different Gensini scores obtained upon admission, the enrolled patients were divided into mild group (60 cases, Gensini score ≤ 30 points), moderate group (75 cases, Gensini score>30 points, ≤ 60 points), and severe group (75 cases, Gensini score>60 points). The differences in CTA parameters and DCG parameters among the three groups were compared, and the correlation between CTA parameters, DCG parameters, and Gensini score was analyzed. Statistically analyze the occurrence of poor prognosis in enrolled patients, compare the differences in CTA and DCG parameters among patients with different prognoses, summarize the factors affecting the prognosis of coronary heart disease patients, and test the predictive power of CTA and DCG parameters for poor prognosis in patients.Results:The MLD, MLA, FFR, SDNN, SDANN, and RMSSD in the case group were all lower than the control group, while the TPV and LF/HF were higher than the control group (t=24.128,25.811,15.613,37.636,26.858,9.195,59.862,29.389; P<0.05). The MLD, MLA, FFR, SDNN, SDANN, and RMSSD of the severe group were lower than the moderate group, mild group, while the TPV and LF-HF of the mild group were higher than the moderate group, mild group (F=190.291,51.562,186.482,42.084,44.413,22.541,56.503,109.983; P<0.05). MLD, MLA, FFR, SDNN, SDANN, and RMSSD are all negatively correlated with Gensini score, while TPV and LF-HF are positively correlated with Gensini score (r=-0.352,-0.377,-0.445,-0.472,-0.332,-0.356,0.401,0.355; P<0.05). According to statistics, the incidence of poor prognosis in 210 patients with coronary heart disease was 38.10% (80/210). The MLD, MLA, FFR, SDNN, SDANN, and RMSSD of the poor prognosis group were lower than the good prognosis group, while TPV and LF-HF were higher than the good prognosis group (t=6.827,12.219,19.313,6.097,7.097,5.027,7.088,12.465; P<0.05). High MLA, FFR, and SDNN are protective factors for poor prognosis of coronary heart disease, while higher values than LF/HF are risk factors for poor prognosis of coronary heart disease. The combined detection of FFR and SDNN has a better AUC value for predicting poor prognosis of coronary heart disease than the detection of FFR and SDNN alone (Delong test, P<0.05).Conclusion:CTA and DCG can objectively evaluate the degree of coronary stenosis in patients with coronary heart disease, and combined detection of FFR and SDNN can be an important auxiliary tool for predicting poor prognosis of coronary heart disease.

肿瘤PICC置管患者血浆D-二聚体水平与血栓形成风险分析

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目的:探讨肿瘤PICC置管患者血浆D-二聚体水平与血栓形成风险的相关性,为临床预防及早期诊断提供参考依据。方法:选取2021年6月至2024年6月我院120例肿瘤PICC置管患者为研究对象,收集其临床资料,并根据是否发生血栓形成分为血栓组(n=40)和非血栓组(n=80)。比较两组患者血浆D-二聚体水平、基本资料、PICC置管相关因素的差异,并分析血浆D-二聚体水平与血栓形成风险的相关性。结果:置管后第3天、第7天,血栓组血浆D-二聚体水平分别为(1.77±0.58)mg/L、(2.06±0.76)mg/L,均高于非血栓组的(0.93±0.44)mg/L、(1.34±0.38)mg/L,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血浆D-二聚体水平升高、置管时间超过3个月、化疗方案为含铂方案是肿瘤PICC置管患者发生血栓形成的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC分析显示,血浆D-二聚体水平对肿瘤PICC置管患者血栓形成风险的预测价值良好。结论:肿瘤PICC置管患者血浆D-二聚体水平与血栓形成风险密切相关,可作为临床预防及早期诊断的重要指标。

器械护士术中分区精细化器械管理对心脏瓣膜置换术手术效率及安全性的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Refined Intraoperative Zone-Based Instrument Management by Scrub Nurses on the Efficiency and Safety of Cardiac Valve Replacement Surgery

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【摘要】目的:探讨器械护士术中分区精细化器械管理对心脏瓣膜置换术(HVR)手术效率及安全性的影响。方法:研究对象包括2024年6月~2026年5月至我院行HVR治疗的110例心脏瓣膜病(VHD)患者,以及同期参与手术的22名器械护士,采用随机数字表法将入组患者及护士分别列为常规组(55例患者、11名护士)、试验组(55例患者、11名护士),常规组内护士术中实施常规器械管理,试验组内护士术中实施分区精细化器械管理。比较两组患者的手术效率、围手术期安全事件,以及两组护士所参与手术的工作效率、术中器械管理情况。结果:在不同器械管理模式下,试验组内患者的主动脉阻断时间、体外循环时间、术中非必要等待时间、手术总耗时均低于常规组(t=8.817,5.730,20.609,9.632;P<0.05)。试验组内患者的围手术期安全事件发生率9.09%(5/55)低于常规组25.45%(14/55)(x2=5.153;P<0.05)。试验组内护士的器械摆台时间、器械传递反应时间、手术中断次数、器械整理时间、器械移交时间均低于常规组(t=3.347,6.505,5.971,3.795,5.838;P<0.05)。试验组内护士的器械管理差错率低于常规组(x2=5.238;P<0.05)。结论:器械护士术中分区精细化器械管理能提高HVR患者的手术效率并降低围手术期安全事件发生风险,对提高器械护士的器械管理质量、预防器械管理差错有积极影响
[Abstract]Objective:To explore the impact of refined intraoperative instrument management by operating room nurses on the efficiency and safety of HVR surgery.Methods:The study subjects included 110 patients with VHD who underwent HVR treatment at our hospital from June 2024 to May 2026, along with 22 instrument nurses who participated in the surgeries synchronously. Using the random number table method, the enrolled patients and nurses were divided into a control group (55 patients, 11 nurses) and an experimental group (55 patients, 11 nurses). Nurses in the conventional group implemented routine instrument management during surgery, while nurses in the experimental group implemented zoned and refined instrument management during surgery. The surgical efficiency, perioperative safety events of the two groups of patients, as well as the work efficiency and intraoperative instrument management of the surgeries participated by the nurses in the two groups were compared.Results:Under different instrument management modes, the aortic occlusion time, extracorporeal circulation time, intraoperative non-essential waiting time, and total surgical time of patients in the experimental group were all lower than the control group (t=8.817,5.730,20.609,9.632; P<0.05). The incidence of perioperative safety events in the experimental group was 9.09% (5/55) lower than that in the control group 25.45% (14/55) (x2=5.153; P<0.05). The instrument placement time, instrument delivery response time, number of surgical interruptions, instrument sorting time, and instrument handover time of nurses in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (t=3.347,6.505,5.971,3.795,5.838; P<0.05). The error rate of nurses in the experimental group was lower than the control group (x2=5.238; P < 0.05).Conclusion:Refined intraoperative zone-specific instrument management by instrument nurses enhances surgical efficiency for HVR patients and reduces the risk of perioperative safety incidents, thereby positively impacting the quality of instrument care provided by nurses and preventing instrument-related adverse events.

改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后患者临床应用研究

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探讨改良拔尿管方法在妇科腹腔镜术后留置尿管患者临床的影响。方法 选取2025年2月7日—2025年10 月10日我院妇科腹腔镜手术术后留置尿管患者60例为研究对象。本研究采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为对照组与观察组,两组各纳入30例。比较两组首次拔管尿路疼痛评价、首次排尿时间、患者尿潴留例数。结果 观察组首次拔尿管尿路疼痛程度显著低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组首次排尿时间显著少于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察两组尿潴留发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 本次研究采用改良后的尿管拔除方法,虽未明显降低妇科腹腔镜术后患者的尿潴留发生率,但能有效降低拔尿管时患者的不适感 ,减少尿道损伤,缓解疼痛,加快患者自主排尿,具有积极临床实践意义

桑白皮汤加减辅助常规西药对痰热郁肺型保留比率的肺功能减损患者治疗效果的多维度指标评价

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目的 探讨桑白皮汤加减辅助常规西药治疗痰热郁肺型保留比率的肺功能减损(PRISm)患者的治疗效果,并分析其对中医证候积分、肺功能、气道阻力、免疫功能的影响。方法 选取2024年6月~2025年6月于本院诊治的88例PRISm患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(常规西药治疗)、研究组(桑白皮汤加减联合常规西药治疗),各44例。比较两组临床疗效、不良反应及治疗前后中医证候积分、慢阻肺评估测试(CAT)量表、改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难问卷(mMRC)、吸入支气管扩张剂后检测肺功能、肺弥散功能[一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比(DLCO%pred)、残气量/肺总量(RV/TLC)]、气道阻力[抗阻指数(R5-20)、共振频率(Fres)、呼吸总阻抗(Zrs)]、炎症指标[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]、气道重塑[基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)]、T淋巴细胞亚群水平。结果 研究组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,与对照组比较,研究组中医证候积分、CAT评分、mMRC评分级RV/TLC降低,FEV1、FEV1/FVC、FEV1%pred、VC%pred、DLCO%pred升高(P<0.05);治疗后,与对照组比较,研究组R5-20、Fres、Zrs降低(P<0.05);治疗后,与对照组比较,研究组血清IL-6、sICAM-1、MCP-1、EOS、TNF-α及MMP-2、HIF-1α、TGF-β1、bFGF水平降低(P<0.05);治疗后,与对照组比较,研究组CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平升高(P<0.05);两组不良反应比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 桑白皮汤加减辅助常规西药治疗PRISm患者的疗效显著,可改善临床症状、肺功能,提高生活质量,降低气道阻力,并可减轻炎症反应,缓解气道重塑,增强机体免疫功能,且具有一定安全性。

冠心病患者PCI术后发生冠脉微循环损伤的影响因素及构建的Logistic风险预测模型对冠脉微循环损伤发生的预测效能

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目的 探讨冠心病(CHD)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后冠脉微循环损伤(CMI)发生的影响因素及构建的Logistic风险预测模型对CMI发生的预测效能,以指导临床制定针对性的干预措施。方法 选取2023年4月至2025年4月于本院接受PCI治疗的143例CHD患者为研究对象,依据PCI术后1 d是否发生CMI,将其分为发生CMI组(86例)和未发生CMI组(57例)。比较两组临床资料;分析CHD患者PCI术后发生CMI的影响因素,构建Logistic风险预测模型,分析其对PCI术后CMI发生的预测效能。结果 发生CMI组心肌梗死病史、糖尿病史、吸烟史、NYHA心功能分级为Ⅲ级、多支冠脉病变、伴有冠脉中重度钙化、症状出现至PCI时间>6 h占比及冠脉狭窄率、预扩张次数、预扩张时间高于未发生CMI组,最大扩张压力、术后即刻TIMI血流分级为3级占比低于未发生CMI组,PCI术前血清ANGPTL3、EMMPRIN水平及hs-CRP/PA高于未发生CMI组(P<0.05);Logistic多因素分析结果显示,糖尿病史、冠脉狭窄率、预扩张次数、NYHA心功能分级、冠脉中重度钙化、症状出现至PCI时间及ANGPTL3、EMMPRIN、hs-CRP/PA为CHD患者PCI术后发生CMI的独立危险因素,最大扩张压力为其独立保护因素(P<0.05);构建的Logistic风险预测模型预测PCI术后CMI发生风险的AUC值为0.901(95%CI:0.840~0.945),敏感度、特异度分别为82.56%、80.70%,且该模型与观测值拟合度良好,具有良好的区分度、校准度和临床适用性。结论 依据CHD患者PCI术后发生CMI的影响因素构建的Logistic风险预测模型对CMI发生具有较高的预测效能,可指导临床制定针对性干预措施,以减少PCI术后CMI发生,改善CHD患者预后。
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