目的 对比分析双极半髋关节置换术（BHA）与全髋关节置换术（THR）治疗股骨颈骨折（FNF）的效果。方法 回顾性收集北京中医药大学东直门医院洛阳医院2019年6月—2023年4月90例FNF患者临床资料，依照手术治疗方案差异分为两组，BHA组（45例）行BHA治疗，THR组（45例）行THR治疗，比较两组围术期指标、术前及术后3 d炎症因子水平、术后6个月髋关节活动度、术前及术后6个月生活质量［欧洲生活质量评分（EQ-5D评分）］。结果 THR组手术时间（108.76±15.33）min、下床活动时间（40.37±10.24）h、住院时间（19.02±5.11）d均较BHA组［（53.49±10.12）min、（25.92±7.15）h、（15.16±4.87）d］长（t分别为20.184、7.761、3.668，均P＜0.05），术中失血量（318.69±35.14）mL、术后引流量（129.74±21.03）mL均较BHA组［（224.07±29.35）mL、（90.35±17.48）mL］多（t分别为13.863、9.663，均P＜0.001）；组间并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；术后3 d，BHA组血清白细胞介素-1为（17.35±3.06）pg/L、白细胞介素-6为（24.82±4.31）pg/L、C-反应蛋白为（26.17±4.59）pg/L，低于THR组的（20.16±3.48）pg/L、（27.04±5.06）pg/L、（28.90±5.12）pg/L（t分别为4.068、2.241、2.663，均P＜0.05）；两组术后6个月髋关节内旋、屈曲、外旋、外展、内收活动度及EQ-5D评分对比差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。结论 与THR相比，BHA能减少FNF患者围术期失血量，降低术后炎症因子表达水平，缩短手术及下床活动时间，促进恢复。
Objective To compare and analyze the effects of bipolar hemihip replacement（BHA）and total hip replacement（THR）in the treatment of femoral neck fracture（FNF）．Methods The clinical data of 90 patients with FNF in the Luoyang Hospital，Dongzhimen Hospital，Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，from June 2019 to April 2023 were retrospectively collected．The patients were divided into two groups according to the difference in surgical treatment plan．The BHA group（45 cases）received BHA treatment，and the THR group（45 cases）received THR treatment．The perioperative indicators，preoperative and postoperative inflammatory factor levels，postoperative hip joint mobility at six months，preoperative and postoperative quality of life ［European Quality of Life Scale（EQ-5D score）］were compared between the two groups．Results The operation time（108.76±15.33）min，ambulation time（40.37±10.24）h，and hospitalization time（19.02±5.11）d in the THR group were longer than those in the BHA group ［（53.49±10.12）min，（25.92±7.15）h，（15.16±4.87）d］（t=20.184，8.630，3.668，respectively，all P＜0.05）．The intraoperative blood loss（318.69±35.14）mL and postoperative drainage volume（129.74±21.03）mL were both higher than those in the BHA group ［（224.07±29.35）mL，（90.35±17.48）mL］（t=13.863，9.663，respectively，all P＜0.001）．There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the groups（P＞0.05）．Three days after surgery，the serum levels of interleukin-1，interleukin-6，and C-reactive protein in the BHA group were（17.35±3.06）pg/L，（24.82±4.31）pg/L，and（26.17±4.59）pg/L，respectively，which were lower than those in the THR group（20.16±3.48）pg/L，（27.04±5.06）pg/L，and（28.90±5.12）pg/L（t=4.068，2.241，2.663，respectively，all P＜0.05）．There was no significant difference in the range of motion of internal rotation，flexion，external rotation，abduction，and adduction of the hip joint and EQ-5D scores between the two groups at six months after surgery（all P＞0.05）．Conclusions Compared with THR，BHA can reduce perioperative blood loss in FNF patients，reduce postoperative inflammatory factor expression level，shorten operation and ambulation time，and promote recovery．
目的 探讨影响急性脑梗死患者接受重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（rt-PA）静脉溶栓治疗决策延迟的因素，并提出减少溶栓决策时间的建议。方法 采用回顾性分析方法，对泉州市第一医院2023年通过急诊收治的120例急性脑梗死患者及其家属的资料进行分析。根据溶栓决策时间，以5 min为界限，将患者分为非延迟组（62例）和延迟组（58例），并对两组资料进行比较分析。采用SPSS 23.0统计软件分析数据，运用t检验（针对连续变量）和χ 2 检验（针对分类变量）比较组间的差异。此外，通过Logistic回归分析，确定影响急性脑梗死患者静脉溶栓治疗决策的危险因素。结果 对比两组患者数据后发现，籍贯地区、冠心病史、外院转入、发病到入院时间以及决策家属数量比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步揭示，非泉州籍贯地区［OR（95%CI）：9.29（2.21~38.97），P=0.002］、决策家属人数≥2人［OR（95%CI）：18.73（5.96~58.80），P＜0.001］、从外院转入［OR（95%CI）：10.26（2.09~50.42），P=0.004］以及发病到入院时间3.0~4.5 h［OR（95%CI）：4.09（1.45~11.48），P=0.008］是导致治疗决策延迟的独立危险因素。结论 患者非泉州籍贯地区、外院转入、溶栓决策家属人员≥2个、发病到入院时间3~4.5 h是溶栓决策延误的影响因素，提出优化卒中急诊抢救流程以及通过卒中宣教以缩短溶栓决策时间的建议。
Objective To investigate the factors influencing delays in decision-making for intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator（rt-PA）in patients with acute cerebral infarction and to propose recommendations for reducing thrombolysis decision-making time．Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the emergency department at Quanzhou First Hospital in 2023，including information from their families．Patients were divided into non-delay group （62 cases） and delay group （58 cases） based on a 5-minute threshold for thrombolysis decision-making time．Comparative analysis between the two groups was performed using SPSS 23.0 statistical software，with t-tests for continuous variables and χ 2 tests for categorical variables．Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors affecting decision-making for intravenous thrombolysis in these patients．Results Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of native region，history of coronary heart disease，transfer from other hospitals，time from onset to hospital admission，and number of family members involved in decision-making（P＜0.05）．Multivariate Logistic regression identified independent risk factors for delayed treatment decisions：non-Quanzhou native region （OR［95%CI］：9.29［2.21-38.97］，P=0.002），having two or more decision-making family members （OR［95%CI］：18.73［5.96-58.80］，P＜0.001），transfer from other hospitals （OR［95%CI］：10.26［2.09-50.42］，P=0.004），and a time from onset to hospital admission of 3-4.5 hours （OR［95%CI］：4.09［1.45-11.48］，P=0.008）．Conclusions Factors such as non-Quanzhou native region，transfer from other hospitals，having two or more family members involved in decision-making，and a time from onset to hospital admission of 3-4.5 hours are associated with delays in thrombolysis decision-making．Optimizing the emergency rescue process for stroke and shortening the thrombolytic decision-making time through stroke education are suggested．
目的 探讨神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）在抑制剂N-硝基-左旋精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）抑制作用下与新生鼠胃肠道疾病的相关性研究，以进一步研究婴儿肥厚性幽门狭窄（IHPS）等疾病的致病机制。方法 对40只成熟雌性wistar大鼠随机均分4组，怀孕后予怀孕母鼠灌胃，对照组给予生理盐水，低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别给予L-NAME 60、300、600 mg/（kg·d）L-NAME。新生鼠皮下注射方式，予对照组皮下注射生理盐水，在低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组皮下注射L-NAME 25、125、250 mg/（kg·d）L-NAME。统计分析新生鼠幽门中的nNOS表达量、体质量增长情况、胃潴留情况、幽门肌层厚度。结果 （1）低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组新生鼠幽门肌层厚度在出生后第1、7、14日龄高于对照组，但组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。（2）与对照组相比，低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的新生鼠出生后第1周体质量增加量更少，胃潴留更明显（P＞0.05）；在出生后的第2周各组体质量增加量差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。（3）新生鼠出生后第14天，中剂量组的胃体积大于低剂量组，但低剂量组和对照组之间、中剂量组和高剂量组之间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。（4）新生鼠生后第1天，幽门中nNOS的表达被L-NAME以剂量依赖的方式被抑制，随着新生鼠日龄的增长，这种效应逐渐消失。（5）在不同剂量L-NAME的作用下，新生鼠幽门中nNOS表达量、趋势在不同时间点不同。结论 （1）nNOS可以导致新生鼠胃潴留、幽门梗阻，与IHPS相关症状之间存在相关性，但可能不是IHPS病因的唯一分子机制。（2）在新生鼠胃、幽门组织中，nNOS的表达量可以通过负反馈调节机制调节。（3）nNOS表达量上调可能有助于幽门舒张，但可能无法完全逆转IHPS中幽门的进一步肥厚和阻塞。
Objective To explore the effect of nNOS on the early postnatal pylorus of neonatal rats under the inhibition of the inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride（L-NAME），in order to further investigate the pathogenic mechanism of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis（IHPS）．Methods Pregnant female mice were grouped randomly and administered by gavage，with the control group receiving physiological saline，the low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups receiving different doses of L-NAME．For the neonatal rats，the control group was subcutaneously injected with physiological saline，while the low-dose group，medium-dose group，and high-dose group were subcutaneously injected with different doses of L-NAME．The expression of nNOS in the pylorus，weight gain，gastric retention，and pyloric muscle thickness of newborn rats were statistically analyzed．Results (1) The thickness of the pyloric muscle layer in the low-dose group，medium-dose group，and high-dose group of newborn rats was higher than that in the control group on the 1st，7th，and 14th day after birth，but there was no significant difference．（2）Compared with the control group，the neonatal rats in the low-dose group，the middle-dose group and the high-dose group gained less weight in the first week after birth，and the gastric retention was more significant．There was no significant difference in weight gain among the groups in the second week after birth．（3）On the 14th day after birth，the gastric volume of the medium-dose group was larger than that of the low-dose group，but there was no statistical difference between the low-dose group and the control group，or between the medium-dose group and the high-dose group．（4）On the first day after birth，the expression of nNOS in the pylorus of neonatal rats was significantly inhibited by L-NAME with dose-dependence，and this effect gradually disappeared with increasing age of neonatal rats．(5) Under the action of different doses of L-NAME，the expression level and trend of nNOS in the pylorus of neonatal mice vary at different time points．Conclusions (1) nNOS can cause gastric retention and pyloric obstruction in newborn rats，which is related to IHPS related symptoms，but may not be the only molecular mechanism of IHPS etiology．(2) The expression level of nNOS in the pyloric tissue of newborn mice can be regulated through a negative feedback regulatory mechanism．(3) Upregulation of nNOS expression may contribute to pyloric dilation，but may not completely reverse thickening and obstruction of the pylorus in IHPS．
目的 初步探讨可注射型载阿霉素水凝胶对胶质瘤的治疗作用。方法 使用透析法检测载阿霉素水凝胶在体外释放药物的情况。构建大鼠皮下C6胶质瘤模型，按不同给药途径分为空白对照组、经静脉注射组、水凝胶组。给药15 h后，经免疫荧光检测阿霉素在肿瘤内部的分布情况。给药7 d后，计算出各组的抑瘤率；并对肿瘤组织进行苏木精-伊红染色。结果 在体外，载阿霉素水凝胶具有缓释药物的性能。在体内，与经静脉给药相比，局部注射载阿霉素水凝胶使瘤内分布更多阿霉素，抑瘤率更高（42% vs 64%），肿瘤细胞坏死更明显。结论 载阿霉素水凝胶可为胶质瘤局部化学治提供新的载体。
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of injectable doxorubicin-containing hydrogel on glioma．Methods The release of doxorubicin hydrogel in vitro was detected by dialysis．The subcutaneous C6 glioma model of rats was constructed and divided into blank control group，intravenous injection group and hydrogel group according to different administration methods．The distribution of doxorubicin in the tumor was detected by immunofluorescence 15 hours after administration．After 7 days of administration，the tumor inhibition rate of each group was calculated．The tumor tissue was stained with hematoxylin eosin．Results In vitro，doxorubicin-containing hydrogels had sustained drug release properties．In vivo，compared with intravenous administration，local injection of doxorubicin-containing hydrogel resulted in more doxorubicin distribution，higher tumor inhibition rate（42% vs 64%）and more obvious tumor cell necrosis．Conclusions Doxorubicin-containing hydrogel can provide a new carrierfor local chemotherapy of glioma．
目的 探讨重楼皂苷Ⅰ（PPI）对慢性髓系白血病细胞（K562）细胞的抑制作用及可能的作用机制。方法 采用CCK-8法筛选药物最适浓度，将培养时间为24 h的药物最适浓度作为后续实验的干预浓度。分组如下：（1）空白组；（2）PPI组；（3）抑制剂组；（4）PPI+抑制剂组。采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖率；AO/EB染色观察细胞形态；流式细胞术检测凋亡率；ROS检测试剂盒检测活性氧（ROS）含量、还原型谷胱甘肽含量检测试剂盒检测谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量、细胞亚铁比色法测试盒检测细胞亚铁（Fe2+）含量；qRT-PCR法和蛋白免疫印迹法检测各组肿瘤蛋白53（p53）、钠氯离子依赖性氨基酸转运蛋白11（SLC7A11）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4（GPX4）mRNA及蛋白表达量。结果 PPI抑制K562细胞的生长，且呈一定的剂量及时间依赖性（与同时间段的对照组0μmol/L比较，均P＜0.01）。与空白组相比，PPI抑制K562细胞的增殖，提高了凋亡率，而铁死亡抑制剂（Ferrostian-1）的使用逆转了PPI对K562凋亡的促进作用（P＜0.01）。与空白组相比，PPI组ROS、Fe2+含量升高，GSH含量下降，而铁死亡抑制剂的使用可下调ROS、Fe2+，上调GSH的含量（P＜0.01）。PPI组较空白组p53 mRNA和蛋白表达水平升高，而SLC7A11、GPX4 mRNA和蛋白表达水平下降（P＜0.05）；PPI+抑制剂组细胞较重楼皂苷组p53 mRNA和蛋白表达水平下降，而SLC7A11、GPX4 mRNA和蛋白表达水平升高（P＜0.05）。结论 PPI能够有效抑制K562细胞增殖，促进K562细胞铁死亡，其分子机制可能与p53信号通路的调控有关。
Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of polyphyllin I（PPI）on chronic myeloid leukemia cells（K562）and its possible mechanism．Methods K562 cell line was cultured in suitable environment，and the optimal concentration of the drug was screened by CCK-8 method．The optimal concentration of the drug cultured for 24 hours was used as the intervention concentration of the follow-up experiment．Cells were divided into the following groups：（1）blank group，（2）saponins group，（3）inhibitor group and（4）saponins + inhibitor group．The cell proliferation rate was detected by CCK-8 method．The cell morphology was observed by AO/EB staining．The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry．The contents of reactive oxygen species（ROS），glutathione（GSH）and ferrous（Fe2+）in different groups were detected，and the expression of mRNA and protein in different groups were detected by qRT- PCR and Western blot respectively．Results PPI significantly inhibited the growth of K562 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner．Compared with the blank group，PPI significantly inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells and increased the apoptosis rate of K562 cells，while the use of ferroptosis inhibitor（Ferrostian-1）reversed the promoting effect of PPI on apoptosis of K562 cells．Compared with the blank group，the contents of reactive oxygen species（ROS）and ferrous iron（Fe2+）increased and the content of glutathione（GSH）decreased in the saponins group．The use of Ferrostian-1 could down-regulate the contents of ROS and Fe2+ and increase the content of GSH in the cells treated with the drug．Compared with the blank group，the expression of p53 mRNA and protein in the saponins group increased，while the expression of SLC7A11，GPX4 mRNA and protein decreased．The expression of p53 mRNA and protein in the saponins + inhibitor group was lower than that in the saponins group，while the expression levels of SLC7A11，GPX4 mRNA and protein increased．Conclusions PPI can effectively inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells and promote ferroptosis in K562 cells．The molecular mechanism can be related to the regulation of p53 signal pathway．
作为中医药文化瑰宝，针灸在疾病治疗中展现出独特价值，但其标准化操作、疗效量化评价及安全风险控制仍是制约现代化转型的关键问题。随着人工智能技术的突破性发展，机器学习在医疗领域引发的技术革命为针灸创新提供了新机遇。超声医学凭借可视化、定量化及动态监测优势，与机器学习算法形成技术协同，推动传统针灸向精准化、智能化方向迈进。通过超声成像实时定位穴位层次结构与针体轨迹，结合机器学习对多维数据的深度分析，显著提升了针刺治疗的精准性与安全性，同时为建立客观疗效评价体系提供了技术支撑。文章旨在全面回顾超声引导下机器学习技术在针灸研究领域的应用状况，深入剖析现有研究中存在的挑战与局限，并前瞻性地探讨未来的研究方向与趋势，旨在为针灸实践与应用研究的深化与发展提供理论指导与实践启示。
As an invaluable component of traditional Chinese medicine，acupuncture boasts a distinctive value in thetreatment of diseases．However，the standardization of its practice，the quantitative assessment of its therapeutic efficacy，and the implementation of safety risk control measures remain pivotal challenges hindering its modernization and transformation．The advent of artificial intelligence technology has precipitated a technological revolution in the medical field，thereby generating novel opportunities for innovation in acupuncture．The integration of ultrasound medicine and machine learning algorithms，leveraging their respective strengths in visualization，quantification and dynamic monitoring，has emerged as a technological synergy．This synergy is poised to propel traditional acupuncture towards precision and intelligence．The integration of ultrasound imaging with machine learning algorithms enables real-time localization of acupoints and needle trajectory，enhancing the precision and safety of acupuncture treatment．Additionally，it facilitates the development of objective efficacy evaluation systems．The present article aims to comprehensively review the application of ultrasound-guided machine learning technology in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion research．It does so by first analyzing the challenges and limitations of existing research and then prospectively exploring future research directions and trends．The article’s ultimate aim is to provide theoretical guidance and practical inspiration for the deepening and development of acupuncture and moxibustion practice．
目的 本文聚焦DeepSeek这一国产人工智能技术，结合护理临床实践，系统探讨其在护理场景中的应用潜力、现存问题及应对策略。方法 检索国内外相关文献，与现有通用人工智能技术对比，进行综述，并提出思考和建议。结果 预计DeepSeek在护理文书自动化、个性化护理方案生成、临床决策支持、护理质控及教育培训等提供适配应用路径，针对性的服务和解决方案等。结论 DeepSeek可通过多模态技术整合与跨平台互补策略，推动护理服务向智能化、精准化方向发展，为缓解护理人力短缺、优化资源分配提供新思路。
Objective This study focuses on DeepSeek，a domestic artificial intelligence technology，systematically exploring its application potential，existing issues，and targeted strategies in nursing clinical scenarios through integration with practical nursing care contexts．Methods Relevant literatures from both domestic and international sources were collected，compared with existing Artificial General Intelligence（AGI）technologies，to conduct a review，and propose reflections and recommendations．Results Through literature review and technical comparisons，the results proposed specific application paths for DeepSeek in scenarios such as automated nursing documentation，personalized care plan generation，clinical decision support，quality control，and education．It further addressed issues including data privacy，ethical risks，and technical limitations．Conclusions The findings suggest that DeepSeek can integrate multimodal technologies and cross-platform complementary strategies to promote intelligent and precise nursing services，offering innovative solutions to alleviate nursing shortages and optimize resource allocation．
传统的结肠镜检查质量评估方式具有主观性强、费时费力等缺点。近年来，人工智能（AI）技术在结肠镜检查质量控制方面展现出客观性、即时性、全面性等优势，具有广阔的应用前景。文章全面探讨了AI在结肠镜检查质量控制中的多个应用场景，包括评估肠道准备质量、记录退镜时间、息肉识别和分类、预测早期结直肠癌浸润深度等方面，并通过具体的研究案例和数据分析了AI技术的有效性和优势。AI技术有望在提升结肠镜检查质量、促进结直肠癌的早诊早治方面发挥更加重要的作用，但面对技术、伦理及法规等多方面的挑战，未来需要持续努力，不断优化算法，加强跨学科合作，推动AI技术在医疗领域的健康、快速发展。
Traditional colonoscopy quality assessment methods have strong subjectivity and are time-consuming．In recent years，artificial intelligence technology has shown objectivity，timeliness，and comprehensiveness in colonoscopy quality control，with broad application prospects．This article comprehensively explores multiple application scenarios of AI in colonoscopy quality control，encompassing assessments of bowel preparation quality，recording of withdrawal times，polyp identification and classification，and prediction of early colorectal cancer invasion depth．Through specific research cases and data analysis，the effectiveness and advantages of AI technology are elucidated．AI technology is expected to play an increasingly significant role in enhancing the quality of colonoscopy and promoting early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer．However，facing challenges from technology，ethics，regulations，and other aspects，continued efforts are needed in the future to continuously optimize algorithms，strengthen interdisciplinary collaboration，and promote the healthy and rapid development of AI technology in the medical field．
人工智能（AI）这一新兴技术的出现和应用给炎症性肠病（IBD）的诊断带来了巨大的变革。越来越多的研究着手于开发基于机器学习（ML）和深度学习（DL）的诊断模型，并获得了良好的诊断性能，尤其是在IBD的图像诊断，卷积神经网络（CNN）等模型由于其出色的图像分析能力，在内镜检查和组织病理检查等方面具有十分可观的发展前景。近年来AI诊断模型的应用越发广泛，但与此同时，关于算法、数据库及其应用方面仍存在一些难以忽视的局限性。本文将主要就图像识别方面对AI在IBD诊断中的应用进行综述，以期为IBD精准图像诊断领域下步研究提供参考。
As an emerging technology，artificial intelligence（AI）has brought great changes to the precise diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease（IBD）．More and more researches have developed diagnostic models which are based on machine learning（ML）and deep learning（DL）and obtained satisfactory diagnostic performance．Especially in the image diagnosis of IBD，convolutional neural network（CNN）and other models have considerable development prospects in endoscopy and histopathology due to their excellent image analysis capabilities．In recent years，the application of AI diagnostic models has become more and more widespread，but at the same time，there are still some limitations about algorithms，databases and their applications that cannot be ignored．This review mainly focused on the application of AI in IBD diagnosis from the aspect of image recognition，to provide a reference for IBD diagnosis towards precision medicine．
