目的 探讨腔镜下双平面假体植入乳房重建术在乳腺癌患者乳房重建中的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2023年1月至2025年1月于我院行手术治疗的126例乳腺癌患者病例资料，根据术中乳房重建方式分为两组，将采用胸肌前假体植入乳房重建的63例患者纳入对照组，采用腔镜下双平面假体植入乳房重建的63例患者纳入研究组。比较两组围手术期指标、患侧乳房体积、创面瘢痕[温哥华瘢痕量表（VSS）评分]、乳房美观度、生活质量[中文版乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表（FACT-B）评分]及并发症情况。结果 研究组手术时间长于对照组，术中出血量高于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组术后引流量、住院天数比较无显著差异（P＞0.05）；术后3个月研究组患侧乳房体积大于对照组，VSS评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）；研究组乳房美观度优良率95.24%高于对照组80.95%（P＜0.05）；术后3个月，研究组FACT-B总评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）；两组并发症总发生率比较无显著差异（P＞0.05）。结论 乳腺癌患者采用腔镜下双平面假体植入乳房重建术虽在一定程度增加手术时间及术中出血量，但能改善乳房形态，提升美观满意度，改善患者生活质量，且不增加并发症风险。
目的：探讨利多卡因复合艾司氯胺酮对肺部手术患者苏醒质量及认知功能的影响。方法：选取2023年7月至2025年6月本院收治的100例拟行肺部手术患者，按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，各50例。对照组采用常规麻醉方案维持麻醉，观察组在常规麻醉基础上复合利多卡因及艾司氯胺酮辅助麻醉。比较两组患者苏醒质量[拔管后30min Riker镇静躁动评分（SAS）、苏醒时间、拔管时间]、认知功能[术前及术后1d、3d简易精神状态检查表评分（MMSE）]、围术期血流动力学指标[麻醉药物输注前（T0）、气管插管时（T1）、拔管后5min（T2）平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）]及术后72h不良反应发生率。结果：观察组拔管后30min SAS评分、术后1d、3d的MMSE评分高于对照组，苏醒时间、拔管时间低于对照组；观察组T0、T1、T2各时间点MAP、HR无显著差异（P>0.05）；对照组T1、T2时MAP、HR高于T0（P<0.05）；两组不良反应发生率无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论：利多卡因复合艾司氯胺酮应用于肺部手术，可提升患者苏醒质量、保护术后认知功能，维持围术期血流动力学稳定，且安全性良好。
Objective : To investigate the effect of lidocaine combined with esketamine on recovery quality and cognitive function in patients undergoing lung surgery. Methods : A total of 100 patients receiving pulmonary resection at our hospital between July 2023 and December 2025 were enrolled and randomized via a random number table into two equal arms (n=50 per group): observation and control. The control group was treated with routine anesthesia to maintain anesthesia, and the observation group was treated with lidocaine and esketamine on the basis of routine anesthesia. The recovery quality [ Riker sedation agitation score ( SAS ) at 30 min after extubation, recovery time, extubation time ], cognitive function [ simple mental state examination score ( MMSE ) before operation and 1 d, 3 d after operation ], perioperative hemodynamic indexes [ mean arterial pressure ( MAP ), heart rate ( HR ) before anesthesia drug infusion ( T0 ), tracheal intubation ( T1 ), 5 min after extubation ( T2 ) ] and the incidence of adverse reactions at 72 h after operation were compared between the two groups. Results : In the observation group, the SAS score measured 30 minutes post-extubation and the MMSE scores at 1 day and 3 days post-operation were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conversely, both recovery and extubation times were shorter in the observation group compared to the control group. No significant differences in MAP and HR were observed at T0, T1, and T2 within the observation group (P > 0.05). In contrast, within the control group, MAP and HR at T1 and T2 were notably elevated compared to T0, with the differences being statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion : The application of lidocaine combined with esketamine in lung surgery can improve the quality of recovery, protect postoperative cognitive function, maintain perioperative hemodynamic stability, and has good safety.
【摘要】目的：基于潜类别增长模型（LCGM）探讨脑出血患者神经功能恢复轨迹及不同轨迹对预后的影响。方法：回顾性采集360例自发性脑出血患者（2023年6月～2025年6月）的临床资料及神经功能评分[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）]，并采用LCGM识别神经功能恢复轨迹的潜在类别，分析影响恢复不良型轨迹的危险因素，对比不同轨迹的预后情况[改良Rankin量表（mRS）、格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）]。结果：LCGM模型拟合结果显示，3类轨迹为最优拟合模型，可将360例自发性脑出血患者分为快速恢复型139例（38.61%）、稳定恢复型154例（42.78%）、恢复不良型67例（18.61%）；入院格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分、初始NIHSS评分、机械通气、血管活性药物使用及血肿体积是神经功能恢复不良的独立影响因素（P＜0.05）；预后方面，三组患者mRS、GOS评分存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。结论：基于LCGM可有效识别脑出血患者神经功能恢复的异质性轨迹，同时还能明确影响患者神经功能修复的独立危险因素及不同神经功能恢复轨迹与预后的关联。
Abstract Objective: To explore the trajectory of neurological recovery in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and the impact of different trajectories on prognosis based on latent class growth model (LCGM). Methods: The clinical data and neurological function scores [National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)] of 360 patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage (June 2023 to June 2025) were retrospectively collected, and LCGM was used to identify potential categories of neurological recovery trajectories, analyze risk factors affecting poor recovery trajectories, and compare the prognosis of different trajectories [modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS)]. Results: The LCGM model fitting results showed that the three types of trajectories were the optimal fitting model, and 360 patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage could be divided into 139 cases (38.61%) of rapid recovery type, 154 cases (42.78%) of stable recovery type, and 67 cases (18.61%) of poor recovery type; admission to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, initial NIHSS score, mechanical ventilation, use of vasoactive drugs and hematoma volume are independent influencing factors of poor neurological recovery (P＜0.05); in terms of prognosis, there were significant differences in mRS and GOS scores among the three groups of patients (P＜0.05).Conclusion: Based on LCGM, it is possible to effectively identify the heterogeneous trajectories of neurological function recovery in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), while also identifying independent risk factors influencing neurological function repair and establishing associations between different recovery trajectories and prognosis.
目的 探讨穴位推拿联合稳定肌训练对颈椎病患者的康复效果。方法 回顾性选取我院收治的102例颈椎病患者（选例时间：2025年1月-2026年3月）为研究对象，根据干预方案分为参照组（51例，给予稳定肌训练）、联合组（51例，给予穴位推拿联合稳定肌训练）。对比两组临床疗效，干预前、后颈椎功能障碍指数（NDI）评分、视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、中医证候积分、颈椎活动度、基底动脉血流动力学指标［基底动脉舒张期血流速度（EDV）、收缩期血流速度（PSV）、血管搏动指数（PI）、血流平均速度（Vm）］、健康调查简表（SF-36）评分。结果 联合组总有效率为94.12%，高于参照组的78.43%（P＜0.05）；与参照组相比，干预后联合组各中医证候积分均较低（P＜0.05）；联合组干预后VAS、NDI评分较参照组低（P＜0.05）；联合组干预后颈椎活动度较参照组大（P＜0.05）；干预后联合组基底动脉EDV、PSV、Vm较参照组大，PI值较参照组小（P＜0.05）；联合组干预后SF-36评分高于参照组（P＜0.05）。结论 穴位推拿联合稳定肌训练可提高颈椎病患者康复效果，减轻临床症状、疼痛程度，改善颈椎功能与血流动力学，提高生活质量。
[摘要] 目的 验证医院在用冷藏药品库（以下简称冷库）相关设施、设备的性能是否符合规定的设计标准和使用要求，为药品冷链管理提供依据，保证药品质量安全。方法 以《药品经营质量管理规范》《医药产品冷链物流温控设施设备验证性能确认技术规范》为指导，于2021年10月26日-10月30日对冷库进行温度分布特性测试、自动温湿度监测系统准确度测试，开门测试及断电测试，记录、分析测试数据。结果 测试数据显示，冷库各测试点的温度均在2~8 ℃范围内波动，温度均匀度、温度波动度及温度偏差均不高于±3℃；开门7min后，冷库达到温度警戒值，开门后冷库温度恢复时间分别为17min和13min；两次断电测试中，分别于106min和92min后冷库到达温度警戒值。结论：冷库运作正常，制冷设备参数设置合理，温度均匀度、波动度能满足冷藏药品的存储要求；建议开门作业时间不能超过7min，断电时最大应急时间为90min。
【摘要】目的：探讨不同剂量右美托咪定对老年骨科手术患者术后谵妄的预防作用。方法：回顾性选取2022年11月至2025年11月本院收治的116例老年骨折手术患者为研究对象，根据右美托咪定维持剂量不同分为0.2μg/(kg·h)的小剂量组（58例）和0.4μg/(kg·h)的大剂量组（58例）。比较两组不同时间点[麻醉诱导前（T0）、麻醉诱导后30 min（T1）、术闭即刻（T2）]的血压（收缩压、舒张压）、心率、应激反应指标[皮质醇（COR）、肾上腺素（E）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）]；采用简易智力状态检查量表（MMSE）评估两组患者术前、术后12 h、术后24 h、术后48 h的认知功能水平；统计两组患者术后谵妄及围术期不良反应发生情况。结果：小剂量组T1、T2时收缩压、舒张压和心率均高于大剂量组（P<0.05）。小剂量组T1、T2时COR、E和NE均低于大剂量组（P<0.05）。小剂量组术后12h、术后24h、术后48h的MMSE评分均高于大剂量组（P<0.05）。小剂量组术后谵妄发生率8.62%（5/58）显著低于大剂量组22.41%（13/58）（χ2=4.209，P=0.040）。小剂量组不良反应总发生率12.07%（7/58）与大剂量组20.69%（12/58）对比无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论：与0.4μg/(kg·h)的大剂量右美托咪定相比，0.2μg/(kg·h)的小剂量在老年骨科手术麻醉中应用效果更佳，能有效维持血流动力学稳定、减轻应激反应、保护认知功能，对术后谵妄具有更好的预防作用，且安全性良好，值得在临床推广应用。
摘要：目的 探讨重症急性胰腺炎患者在CRRT治疗期间液体平衡管理的体验与需求，为优化临床液体管理及护理支持策略提供依据。方法 采用描述性质性研究方法，运用目的抽样法选取2024年5月—2025年12月在我院重症医学科接受CRRT治疗的13例重症急性胰腺炎患者进行半结构式深入访谈。采用Colaizzi七步分析法对访谈资料进行整理、编码、归类与主题提炼。结果 本研究最终提炼出4个主题、11个亚主题，分别为：①强烈而持续的身体不适体验（强烈的口渴感、身体肿胀与沉重、治疗期间寒冷与束缚）；②液体管理限制下的认知行为冲突（对限液医嘱情绪复杂、出入量监测引发的复杂感受、配合行为背后的动力与障碍）；③治疗过程中的负性情绪与心理调适（治疗初期的强烈恐惧与不确定感、无助感与自主权被削弱、在病痛中重建希望与韧性）；④对疾病信息与多维照护支持的迫切需求（信息缺乏引发困惑与焦虑、照护支持需求）。结论 重症急性胰腺炎患者在CRRT治疗期间，临床护理不仅应关注液体出入量等客观指标，还应重视患者的口渴等主观不适、限液过程中的认知行为冲突、治疗相关情绪反应及信息支持需求。
冠心病是临床高发的心血管疾病，其病理核心为动脉粥样硬化，而炎症反应异常激活是推动病变进展的关键驱动力。PI3K/Akt通路通过调控炎症反应等，在CHD进程中发挥双向调节作用。现代研究表明，该通路保护性激活不足可加剧血管内皮损伤与斑块不稳定性，而炎症反应的持续又可进一步抑制PI3K/Akt通路活性，形成恶性循环。当动脉粥样斑块破裂，AMI发生后炎症级联反应放大，该通路异常激活，诱发MIRI。“荣泣卫除”出自《黄帝内经》，指营气耗损（荣泣）、卫气失守（卫除），荣卫失和则气血运行不畅、脉络瘀阻。本团队结合该理论与现代研究，认为CHD中PI3K/Akt通路介导的异常炎症反应的病理机制，与“荣泣卫除”理论内涵存在对应关系。研究发现，通过调控PI3K/Akt通路活性，抑制炎症因子激活与炎症蛋白表达，可抑制CHD发生发展进程。故本文基于“荣泣卫除”理论，系统梳理了PI3K/Akt通路介导的炎症反应在CHD中的作用及与中医病机的内在关联，总结中医药防治的研究进展，为中西医结合防治CHD提供参考依据。
Coronary heart disease is a clinically prevalent cardiovascular disease, with atherosclerosis as its core pathology. Abnormal activation of the inflammatory response is a key driving force for disease progression. The PI3K/Akt pathway exerts bidirectional regulatory effects on the progression of CHD by modulating inflammatory responses, among other functions. Modern studies indicate that insufficient protective activation of this pathway can exacerbate vascular endothelial injury and plaque instability, while persistent inflammation further suppresses PI3K/Akt pathway activity, forming a vicious cycle. Following atherosclerotic plaque rupture and the onset of AMI, the inflammatory cascade is amplified, leading to aberrant activation of this pathway and triggering MIRI. The theory of "depletion of nutritive level and exhaustion of defensive level" originates from the?Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic, referring to the depletion of nutritive level (Rong Qi) and the exhaustion of defensive level (Wei Qi), resulting in disharmony between nutritive and defensive levels, which impedes the smooth flow of Qi and blood and causes stasis in the collaterals. By integrating this theory with modern research, our team proposes a correspondence between the pathological mechanism of abnormal PI3K/Akt pathway-mediated inflammatory response in CHD and the theoretical connotation of "depletion of nutritive level and exhaustion of defensive level". Studies have found that modulating PI3K/Akt pathway activity to inhibit the activation of inflammatory factors and expression of inflammatory proteins can suppress the occurrence and progression of CHD. Therefore, based on the theory of "depletion of nutritive level and exhaustion of defensive level", this paper systematically reviews the role of the PI3K/Akt pathway-mediated inflammatory response in CHD and its intrinsic relationship with traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis, summarizes research progress in TCM prevention and treatment, and provides a reference for the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine management of CHD.
