论著

内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃出血的临床报告

Clinical report of endoscopic argon plasma coagulation treatment of stomach bleeding

:36-37
 
目的 回顾性分析采用内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃出血的治疗效果,为临床治疗胃出血提供经验及理论基础。方法 选取2010年1月—2014年7月我院收治的胃出血患者199例,随机分为两组,分别对其进行内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗和内镜下高频电凝治疗,总结对比其治疗效果,并对其并发症情况进行统计。结果 经治疗后,A组28例胃黏膜溃烂出血患者未再出血27例(96.43%),E组22例胃黏膜溃烂出血患者未再出血例数17例(77.27%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组治疗后形成局部炎性肉芽肿及发生胃穿孔的百分比低于E组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃出血,止血率高,并发症发生率低,效果良好,值得在临床中推广使用。
Objective A retrospective analysis was performed using endoscopic argon plasma coagulation treatment of stomach bleeding, to provide experience and theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of stomach bleeding. Methods January 2010-July 2014 199 cases of bleeding in patients admitted to our hospital.They were randomly divided into two groups and had therapeutic endoscopic argon plasma coagulation. We summarized the treatment effect and its complications statistics. Results After therapy, 27 gastric mucosa fester patients(96.43%) of 28 patients in group A stopped bleeding and 17 gastric mucosa fester patients(77.27%) of 22 patients in group B stopped bleeding and the difference is statistical significance(P<0.05), and the incidence rate of inflammatory granuloma and gastric perforation of group A is significant lower than that of group B (P<0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic argon plasma coagulation therapy is taken to treat gastrorrhagia, hemostasis rate is higher and complication rate is lower. It is worth widely using in the clinic.
论著

心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的判断与处理

Diagnosis and management of abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement surgery

:754-759
 
      目的  探讨心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的判断与处理。方法  选取2020年1月—2024年5月广州医科大学附属第一医院收治的30例心脏瓣膜置换术后异常出血的患者,将其纳入观察组,另选取同期收治的200例心脏瓣膜置换术后未出现异常出血的患者为对照组。对比两组患者预后情况和两组患者舒张压、收缩压、心率、术后3 h内引流量相关异常出血判断相关指标情况。采用Logistics回归模型分析心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的影响因素。结果   观察组住院时间、左心室射血分数(LVEF)水平高于对照组,左室舒张末期内径低于对照组,且观察组术后感染、心律失常、低心排综合征发生率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后舒张压、收缩压、心率及术后3 h内引流量高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组与对照组患者吸烟史、合并糖尿病、抗凝依从性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟史、抗凝依从性为心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论  心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的发生可严重影响患者预后水平,增加患者并发症发生率,影响心功能恢复,通过舒张压、收缩压、心率及术后3 h内引流量可为异常出血的判断提供参考意见。另外,吸烟史、抗凝依从性为心脏瓣膜置换术后患者异常出血的独立影响因素,因此对异常出血患者进行常规治疗的同时要密切监测患者危险因素,实施科学的护理干预,改善患者抗凝依从性,降低异常出血发生率。
       Objective  To explore the  diagnosis and management of abnormal  bleeding in  patients after  heart valve replacement surgery.Methods  Thirty patients with abnormal bleeding after heart valve  replacement surgery admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2020 to May 2024 were  retrospectively analyzed and divided into an observation group.In addition,200 patients who did not experience abnormal bleeding after heart valve  replacement surgery admitted during the same period were selected as the control group.Prognosis of two groups of patients were compared,and the related indicators of diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,heart rate,and abnormal bleeding  related to drainage flow within 3 hours after surgery were evaluated.Finally,the logistic  regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement.Results  The length of hospital stay and left ventricular ejection fractionin the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter was lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the incidence of postoperative infection,arrhythmia,and low cardiac output syndrome was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The postoperative diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,heart rate,and drainage volume within 3 hours in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The smoking history,diabetes,and anticoagulation compliance were different between the observation and control groups(P<0.05).A history of smoking and adherence to anticoagulation were independent influencing factors for abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement(P<0.05).Conclusions  The occurrence of abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement can greartly affect the patient’s prognosis,increase the incidence of complications,and affect cardiac function recovery.Reference opinions can be provided for the diagnosis of abnormal bleeding based on diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,heart rate,and postoperative drainage volume within three hours.In addition,a history of smoking and adherence to anticoagulation are independent influencing factors for abnormal bleeding in patients after heart valve replacement.Therefore,while routine treatment is performed on patients with abnormal bleeding,close monitoring of patient  risk factors is necessary,scientific nursing interventions should be implemented to improve patient adherence to anticoagulation and reduce the incidence of abnormal bleeding.
论著

ALBI 联合 NLR 预测肝硬化合并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的作用

The role of ALBI combined with NLR in predicting liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal and gastric varices bleeding

:387-392
 
       目的   探讨白蛋白-胆红素(ALBI)联合中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)预测肝硬化合并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血(EGVB)的临床价值。方法   回顾性分析2021年1月—2022年12月肇庆市第一人民医院消化内科收治的80例肝硬化合并EGVB患者的临床资料,通过电话及门诊、再入院对其进行为期1年的随访,根据随访结果,将其分为2组,即存活组(n=69)与死亡组(n=11),分析导致患者死亡的危险因素,并评估ALBI联合NLR预测肝硬化合并EGVB患者死亡的临床价值。结果   死亡组的年龄60岁以上、腹水和肝性脑病者占比,总胆红素(TBiL)、NLR、凝血酶原时间(PT)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平及ALBI评分均高于存活组(均P<0.05),而血红蛋白(HGB)、白蛋白(ALB)及血钠水平均低于存活组(均P<0.05);Logtisic回归分析显示,年龄60岁以上、腹水、肝性脑病和TBiL、NLR水平升高及ALBI分级为3级是肝硬化合并EGVB患者死亡的危险因素(均P<0.05);ALBI联合NLR预测肝硬化合并EGVB患者预后的准确率及灵敏度高于单一诊断,漏诊率低于单一诊断(P<0.05)。结论   肝硬化合并EGVB患者可见ALBI评分及NLR水平升高,而以上两种指标是患者死亡的危险因素,将其联合检测可评估患者预后,预测其死亡风险。
       Objective  To investigate the clinical value of albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)combined with neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in predicting liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal  and gastric varices bleeding(EGVB).Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EGVB admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of the First People’s Hospital of Zhaoqing from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were followed up for one year by telephone,outpatient service and readmission.According to the follow-up results,they were divided into the survival group(n=69)and the death group(n=11).The risk factors leading to the death of patients were analyzed and evaluated.Results  The proportion of age over 60,ascites and hepatic encephalopathy,the levels of TBiL,NLR,PT,ALT and ALBI in the death group were higher(P<0.05),while the levels of HGB,ALB and blood sodium were lower(P<0.05).Logistics analysis showed that age over 60,ascites,hepatic encephalopathy,NLR and ALBI grade 3 were independent risk factors for the death(P<0.05).The accuracy and sensitivity of ALBI combined with NLR in predicting their prognosis were significantly higher than that of single diagnosis,and the missed diagnosis rate was lower(P<0.05).Conclusions  ALBI scores and NLR levels significantly increase in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EGVB,and the above two indexes are risk factors for the death,and the combination of them can evaluate the prognosis of patients and predict the death risk.
论著

经颅微电流刺激联合自我穴位按摩在 2 型糖尿病患者睡眠障碍中的应用

Application of transcranial microcurrent stimulation combined with self-acupoint massage in patients with sleep disorders of type 2 diabetes mellitus

:187-191
 
      目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)睡眠障碍患者使用经颅微电流刺激(CES)联合自我穴位按摩干预的效果。方法 使用随机数表法将南昌大学第二附属医院2022年6月—2023年1月收治的T2DM合并睡眠障碍患者100例分为两组,每组各50例。对照组采用CES干预,基于此,观察组加用自我穴位按摩,比较两组临床疗效、睡眠质量及血糖水平。结果 与对照组干预总有效率80.00%(40/50)比较,观察组干预总有效率96.00%(48/50)更高(χ 2 =6.061,P=0.014);两组干预后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)中入睡时间、睡眠效率、催眠药物、睡眠障碍、睡眠时间、主观睡眠质量、日间功能障碍及总分均降低,且观察组[(0.95±0.28)分、(1.05±0.24)分、(0.55±0.14)分、(0.67±0.20)分、(0.92±0.21)分、(0.82±0.20)分、(0.65±0.18)分、(5.61±1.10)分]均低于对照组[(1.42±0.33)分、(1.30±0.33)分、(1.40±0.26)分、(1.14±0.27)分、(1.31±0.30)分、(1.32±0.37)分、(1.22±0.27)分、(9.11±1.26)分](t=7.679、4.332、20.354、9.891、7.531、8.406、12.421、14.797,均P<0.001);两组干预后餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及空腹血糖(FBG)水平均降低,且观察组2 hPG[(6.14±0.68)mmol/L]、HbA1c[(3.45±0.37)%]、FBG[(5.52±0.48)mmol/L]低于对照组[(7.12±1.25)mmol/L、(4.30±0.34)%、(6.58±0.67)mmol/L](t=4.870、11.961、9.094,均P<0.001)。结论 对T2DM合并睡眠障碍患者使用CES联合自我穴位按摩干预效果满意,可有效提高患者的睡眠质量,调节血糖水平。
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