目的 探讨电子计算机断层扫描(CT)增强碘对比剂急性不良反应发生及影响因素分析。方法 选取天津市肿瘤医院空港医院2020年10月—2023年10月收治的100例行CT增强出现碘对比剂急性不良反应的患者进行回顾性分析,将其分为观察组,另选取同期在我院行CT增强检查未发生不良反应的100例患者作为对照组。分析观察组患者碘对比剂急性不良反应情况,对比两组患者临床资料及碘对比剂注射情况,以急性不良反应作为因变量(发生急性不良反应=1,未发生急性不良反应=0)纳入Logistic回归模型,分析CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应发生的独立影响因素。结果 100例发生碘对比剂急性不良反应的患者中轻度65例(65.00%),中度34例(34.00%),重度1例(1.00%);观察组与对照组性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、高血压史、糖尿病史、心功能不全史、甲状腺功能亢进史、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病史、碘对比剂使用史、食物过敏史对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组与对照组哮喘史(9.00% vs 2.00%)、肾功能不全史(13.00% vs 3.00%)、碘对比剂不良反应发生史(21.00% vs 2.00%)、花粉过敏史(12.00% vs 4.00%)、药物过敏史(26.00% vs 7.00%)及其他过敏史(10.00% vs 2.00%),对比差异有统计学意义(χ 2 =4.710,P=0.030;χ 2 =6.790,P=0.009;χ 2 =17.740,P<0.001;χ 2 =4.350,P=0.037;χ 2 =13.100,P<0.001;χ 2 =5.670,P=0.017);观察组与对照组碘对比剂剂量对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组与对照组碘对比剂注射速度(<3 mL/min为55.00% vs 69.00%;≥3 mL/min为45.00% vs 31.00%)、碘对比剂类型(碘克沙醇为34.00% vs 34.00%,碘佛醇为47.00% vs 30.00%,碘海醇为19.00% vs 36.00%)对比差异有统计学意义(χ 2 =4.160,P=0.041;χ 2 =9.010,P=0.011);肾功能不全史、碘对比剂不良反应发生史、药物过敏史、其他过敏史、碘对比剂注射速度为发生碘对比剂急性不良反应的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 CT增强碘对比剂急性不良反应多以轻度为主,且以往合并肾功能不全、碘对比剂不良反应发生史、药物过敏史、其他过敏史、碘对比剂注射速度过高可能为碘对比剂不良反应发生的影响因素。
Objective To explore the occurrence and influencing factors of acute adverse reactions of iodine contrast agents in enhanced computed tomography(CT).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 100 patients admitted to our hospital from October 2020 to October 2023 who experienced acute adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents during CT enhancement.They were divided into an observation group and another 100 patients who underwent CT enhancement examination in our hospital during the same period without any adverse reactions were selected as the control group.The acute adverse reactions of iodine contrast agent in the observation group of patients were analyzed,the clinical data and injection of iodine contrast agent between the two groups of patients were compared,and include acute adverse reactions as the dependent variable(occurrence of acute adverse reactions=1,absence of acute adverse reactions=0)was used in the Logistic regression model to analyze the independent influencing factors of acute adverse reactions of CT enhanced iodine contrast agent.Results Among the 100 patients who experienced acute adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents,65 were mild reactions,accounting for 65.00%,34 cases had were moderate reactions,accounting for 34.00%,and one cases had severe reactions,accounting for 1.00%.There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in gender,age,body mass index(BMI),history of hypertension,diabetes,heart dysfunction,hyperthyroidism,coronary heart disease,use of iodine contrast agent,and food allergy(P>0.05).The history of asthma(9.00% vs 2.00%),renal insufficiency(13.00% vs 3.00%),adverse reactions of iodine contrast(21.00 % vs 2.00%),pollen allergy(12.00% vs 4.00%),drug allerg(26.00% vs 7.00%)and other allergies(10.00 % vs 2.00%)were significantly different(χ 2 =4.710,P=0.030;χ 2 =6.790,P=0.009;χ 2 =17.740,P<0.001;χ 2 =4.350,P=0.037;χ 2 =13.100,P<0.001;χ 2 =5.670,P=0.017).There was no significant difference in the dosage of iodine contrast agent between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05).The injection rate of iodine contrast agent between the observation group and the control group(< 3 mL/min was 55.00% vs 69.00%;≥3 mL/min was 45.00% vs 31.00%),and the types of iodoxanol (iodoxanol[34.00% vs 34.00%],iodoxanol[47.00% vs 30.00%],iodohexanol[19.00% vs 36.00%]) were significantly different(χ 2 =4.160,P=0.041;χ 2 =9.010,P=0.011).History of renal insufficiency,adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents,drug allergies,other allergies,and injection speed of iodine contrast agents were independent risk factors for the occurrence of acute adverse reactions to iodine contrast agents(P<0.05).Conclusions Acute adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents in CT enhancement are mostly mild.Previous history of renal insufficiency,history of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents,history of drug allergies,other allergic histories,and high injection speed of iodinated contrast agents may be influencing factors for the occurrence of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents.
目的 探讨、对比休克指数(SI)与血乳酸水平预测院前创伤性休克患者预后中的应用。方法 于2020年12月—2023年12月收治80例创伤性休克患者,均接受SI、乳酸水平的监测。结合监测的结果进行分组:乳酸正常组:乳酸水平在2 mmol/L以下,升高组:2 mmol/L以上;SI正常组:SI在0.9以下,升高组:SI在0.9以上。观察、记录患者入院7 d后的序贯性器官功能衰竭评分(SOFA),对多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)情况进行评估。同时观察、记录机械通气、血管活性药物的使用和住院等情况。结果 乳酸水平升高组60例,正常组20组;SI升高组58例,正常组22例,女性乳酸水平、SI,与男性比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。是否发生多器官功能障碍者的年龄、性别、SI指数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)评分[(4.22±1.53)分 vs (9.46±3.82)分,t=7.816,P<0.001]、住院时间[(23.34±5.71)d vs (12.26±2.11)d,t=11.830,P<0.001]、基础乳酸值[(4.75±2.36)mmol/L vs (2.04±1.11)mmol/L,t=6.721,P<0.001]与发生MODS在组间对比差异有统计学意义。SI升高组的容量复苏收缩压>80 mmHg(%)有27例,与乳酸水平升高组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(46.55% vs 18.18%,χ 2 =12.237,P<0.001)。乳酸水平升高组中,11例患者接受机械通气,乳酸水平均升高(P<0.05);9例患者使用血管活性药物,乳酸水平均升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);38例住院患者,24例乳酸水平升高(P<0.05)。13例患者接受机械通气,12例SI升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);11例患者接受血管活性物治疗,8例SI升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);39例患者住院,SI升高22例,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针对重症的创伤性休克患者,当血乳酸水平升高时会大大增加MODS发生的概率,乳酸水平在对重症创伤性休克患者预后进行预测时,应用价值更高。
Objective To explore and compare the application of shock index(SI)and blood lactic acid level in predicting the prognosis of patients with pre-hospital traumatic shock.Methods From December 2020 to December 2023,80 patients with traumatic shock were enrolled,and their SI and levels of lactic acid were monitored.Patients were grouped according to the monitoring results:normal group:lactic acid level below 2 mmol/L,increased group:above 2 mmol/L;normal group:SI below 0.9,and increased group:SI above 0.9.The sequential organ failure score(SOFA)was observed and recorded 7 days after hospitalization,and the situation of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)was evaluated.At the same time,mechanical ventilation,the use of vasoactive substances and hospitalization were observed and recorded.Results There were 60 cases in the group with increased lactic acid level and 20 cases in the normal group.There were 58 cases of increased SI and 22 cases of normal.The lactic acid level and SI index in women were higher than those in men,with no difference(P>0.05).There were no differences in age,sex,SI index and the incidence of MODS(P>0.05).GCS score(4.22±1.53 vs 9.46±3.82),hospitalization days(23.34±5.71 vs 12.26±2.11)d,basal lactate value(4.75±2.36 vs 2.04±1.11)mmol L-1 were significantly different from those of MODS(t=11.830,P<0.001;t=6.721,P<0.001,P<0.05).There were 27 cases with volume resuscitation systolic blood pressure > 80 mmhg(%)in the group with increased SI,which was different from that of SI and lactic acid(46.55% vs18.18%,χ 2 =12.237,P<0.001;P<0.05).Lactic acid increased group:11 patients received mechanical ventilation,and the lactic acid levels of all 11 patients increased(P<0.05).Nine patients used vasoactive substances,and their lactic acid levels all increased,with no significant difference(P>0.05).Of the 38 inpatients,24 cases had elevated lactic acid levels(P<0.05).Thirteen patients received mechanical ventilation,and 12 patients had elevated SI,with no statistical significance(P>0.05).Eleven patients were treated with vasoactive agents,and 8 patients had increased SI,with no difference(P>0.05).Among the 39 patients hospitalized,22 cases had increased SI,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions For patients with severe traumatic shock,when the blood lactic acid level increases,the probability of MODS will be greatly increased.Compared with SI index,lactic acid level has higher application value in predicting the prognosis of patients with severe traumatic shock.
目的 探讨泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的影响因素。方法 选取我院2020年12月—2023年12月泌尿外科收治的90例采用达芬奇机器人辅助手术的患者进行回顾性分析。依照术中是否发生低体温分为低体温组(n=30)及非低体温组(n=60),对比其基本资料,术前相关基础指标及围术期相关资料,采用Logistics回归模型分析泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的影响因素。结果 低体温组与非低体温组患者性别、疾病类型、美国麻醉师协会(ASA)分级对比无明显差异,低体温组年龄高于非低体温组,体质指数低于非低体温组(P<0.05);低体温组与非低体温组患者术前血红蛋白、舒张压、收缩压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖、肌酐对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),低体温组术前白蛋白水平低于非低体温组(P<0.05);低体温组与非低体温组患者麻醉方式、气腹时间、入室时体温、入室时平均动脉压、术中出血量对比无明显差异,低体温组麻醉总时间、手术时间、入室时心率、术中输液量高于非低体温组,术中保温措施持续时间低于非低体温组(P<0.05);术前白蛋白、麻醉总时间、手术时间、术中输液量、术中保温措施持续时间为泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 泌尿外科达芬奇机器人手术患者术中低体温的发生可能受患者术前白蛋白水平、麻醉总时间、手术时间、术中输液量及术中保温措施持续时间影响,因此需针对上述术中低体温高风险患者增加干预评估,并制定针对性干预措施,预防患者术中低体温的发生。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery in urology department.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 90 patients who underwent da Vinci robot assisted surgery in the urology department of our hospital from December 2020 to December 2023.According to whether hypothermia occurred during surgery,patients were divided into a hypothermia group(n=30)and a non hypothermia group(n=60),and their basic data,preoperative related basic indicators,and perioperative related data were compared.A logistics regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery.Results There were no significant differences in gender,disease type,and ASA grading between the hypothermia group and the non hypothermia group.The age of the hypothermia group was higher than that of the non hypothermia group,and the body mass index was lower than that of the non hypothermia group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in preoperative hemoglobin,diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,low-density lipoprotein,high-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,triglycerides,fasting blood glucose,and creatinine between the hypothermia group and the non hypothermia group.The preoperative albumin level in the hypothermia group was lower than that in the non hypothermia group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in anesthesia method,pneumoperitoneum time,temperature at entry,mean arterial pressure at entry,and intraoperative blood loss between the hypothermia group and the non hypothermia group.The total anesthesia time,surgical time,heart rate at entry,and intraoperative infusion volume were higher in the hypothermia group than in the non hypothermia group,and the duration of intraoperative insulation measures was lower in the hypothermia group than in the non hypothermia group(P<0.05).Preoperative albumin,total anesthesia time,surgery time,intraoperative infusion volume,and duration of intraoperative insulation measures were independent influencing factors of intraoperative hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery(P<0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of hypothermia in patients undergoing da Vinci robotic surgery in urology may be affected by preoperative albumin levels,total anesthesia time,surgery time,intraoperative infusion volume,and duration of intraoperative insulation measures.Therefore,it is necessary to increase nursing evaluation for high-risk patients with hypothermia during surgery and develop targeted intervention measures to prevent the occurrence of hypothermia in patients.
目的 探讨晚期早产儿中小于胎龄儿(SGA)与适于胎龄儿(AGA)出生时的铁代谢状态。方法 选取2020年1—12月合肥市妇幼保健院收治的150例晚期早产儿(胎龄34~36+6周)作为研究对象。按照出生体质量和胎龄将早产儿分为SGA组(36例)和AGA组(114例),分析比较两组早产儿出生时的铁代谢状态,并应用多因素线性回归分析血清铁的影响因素。结果 与AGA组相比,SGA婴儿的更低的血清铁[14.5 μmol /L (11.4,17.1) vs 16.4 μmol /L(14.1,18.4),P=0.004]、更低的血清铁蛋白[135.6 μg/L(101.8,176.2) vs 172.5 μg/L(123.0,218.3),P=0.009]和更低的总铁结合力[30.4 μmol/L(26.8,34.9)vs 35.4 μmol/L(29.5,44.6),P=0.001]。两组早产儿的血红蛋白、平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在早产儿围生期特征中,胎盘异常(β= –1.949,P=0.009)和母亲糖尿病的发生(β= –2.324,P=0.001)与血清铁水平呈负相关。结论 与早产AGA相比,早产SGA铁储备水平较低,适量补充铁元素对小于胎龄新生儿身体发育有促进作用。
Objective To explore the iron metabolism status in late preterm infants who are small for gestational age(SGA)compared to those appropriate for gestational age(AGA)at birth.Methods A total of 150 late preterm infants(gestational age 34 to 36+6 weeks)admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hefei from January to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects.The preterm infants were divided into the SGA group(36 cases)and the AGA group(114 cases)according to birth weight and gestational age.The iron metabolism status at birth was analyzed and compared between the two groups of preterm infants,and multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify the influencing factors of serum iron.Results Compared with the AGA group,SGA infants had lower serum iron(14.5[11.4,17.1] vs 16.4 [14.1,18.4],P=0.004),lower serum iron protein(135.6[101.8,176.2] vs 172.5[123.0,218.3],P=0.009),and lower total iron binding capacity(30.4[26.8,34.9] vs35.4[29.5,44.6]P=0.001).There were no statistically significant differences in hemoglobin,mean corpuscular volume,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration between the two groups of preterm infants(P>0.05).Among the perinatal characteristics of preterm infants,placental abnormalities(β= –1.949,P=0.009)and the occurrence of maternal diabetes(β= –2.324,P=0.001)were significantly negatively correlated with serum iron levels.Conclusions Compared with preterm infants appropriate for gestational age,preterm infants who are small for gestational age have lower iron reserves at birth.Adequate supplementation of iron has a promoting effect on the physical development of small for gestational age newborns.
目的 分析结核专科医院医学生特征及管理配合度影响因素,为进一步提升医学生管理配合提供参考。方法 选择在院511名医学生进行基本情况采集及问卷调查,以问卷打卡次数及打卡时间评估医学生的管理配合度,并进一步分析其影响因素。结果 进修生、研究生及实习生的性别构成比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而年龄、专业及学历比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医学生的学历与管理配合度无关,而不同年龄、性别、类别、专业医学生的管理配合度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针对结核病专科医院医学生的类别、专业、年龄等不同特征,调整专科医院教学管理方法并实行相应的管理措施,对加强专科教学医院的医学生管理工作具有一定的价值。
Objective To analyze the characteristics and the influencing factors of management cooperation of medical students in tuberculosis specialized hospital,providing reference for further improving the cooperation of medical students in management.Methods Five hundred and eleven medical students were selected in the specialized hospital for basic information collection and questionnaire survey,the management cooperation of medical students were evaluated from the frequency and time of questionnaire check-in,and the influencing factors were further analyzed.Results According to the classification as continuing education students,graduate students and interns,there was no statistical difference in gender,but there were differences in age,major,and education degree(P<0.05).Age,gender,type,and major of the students were all related to management cooperation(P<0.05),while the education degree was not related to it. Conclusions According to the different characteristics of medical students in tuberculosis specialized hospitals,such as their categories,majors and ages,adjusting the teaching management methods in specialized hospitals and implementing management measures have certain reference value for strengthening the management of medical students in specialized teaching hospitals.
目的 探讨免疫及靶向药物联合肝动脉灌注化学治疗(化疗)治疗晚期肝癌的临床疗效。方法 选取甘肃省武威市人民医院2021年1月—2024年1月收治的78例晚期肝癌患者进行回顾性分析,其中20例患者采取单纯肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)治疗为单化疗组,30例患者采取HAIC联合程序性细胞死亡受体-1(PD-1)抗体治疗为免疫组,28例患者采取HAIC联合PD-1抗体免疫治疗与甲磺酸仑伐替尼胶囊靶向治疗为联合组。对比三组临床疗效、治疗前后胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)表达水平,不良反应发生率,并采用Piper疲乏修正量表(PFS-R)、世界卫生组织生存质量量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)对两组癌因性疲乏程度及生存质量进行评价。结果 单纯化疗组、免疫组、联合组客观缓解率分别为15.00%、40.00%、64.29%,疾病控制率为30.00%、66.67%、82.14%,联合组高于单纯化疗组与免疫组(χ 2 =11.720,P=0.003;χ 2 =13.890,P<0.001);治疗后三组患者CEA、CA125、AFP水平均降低,且联合组[CEA:(13.62±4.24)ng/mL、CA125:(31.62±13.66)U/mL、AFP:(35.21±5.93)ng/mL]低于免疫组[(17.85±3.32)ng/mL、(59.26±9.35)U/mL、(42.12±4.12)ng/mL]及单纯化疗组[(23.73±4.79)ng/mL、(64.57±5.23)U/mL、(47.46±5.32)ng/mL],对比差异有统计学意义(F=7.698,P<0.001;F=11.480,P<0.001;F=14.952,P<0.001;P<0.05);所有患者均无5级不良反应及严重肝功能损害出现,且三组血小板减少、白细胞减少、腹痛、呕吐、消化道出血、厌食等不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后三组患者PFS-R评分均降低,联合组(3.85±1.13)分低于免疫组(5.39±1.25)分及单纯化疗组(6.33±1.26)分,WHOQOL-BREF评分均升高,联合组(348.58±66.12)分高于免疫组(297.24±72.21)分及单纯化疗组(256.35±41.67)分,对比差异有统计学意义(F=2.526,P=0.014;F=2.167,P=0.033)。结论 免疫及靶向药物联合肝动脉灌注化疗治疗晚期肝癌疗效显著,可有效控制疾病进展的同时,降低机体肿瘤标志物水平,安全性可控,同时可改善患者生存质量,减轻癌因性疲乏程度。
Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of immune and targeted drugs combined with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)in the treatment of advanced liver cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 78 patients with advanced liver cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2024.Among them,20 patients were treated with simple HAIC and divided into a single chemotherapy group.Thirty patients were treated with HAIC combined with PD-1 antibody,and divided into an immune group.Twenty-eight patients were treated with HAIC combined with PD-1 antibody immunotherapy and lenvatinib mesylate capsule targeted therapy,and divided into a combination group.The clinical efficacy of three groups,the expressionlevels of CEA,CA125,AFP,and incidence of adverse reactions before and after treatment were compared.Piper Fatigue Correction Scale(PFS-R)and the WHO QOL-BREF were used to assess cancer-related fatigue in both groups.The degree of fatigue and quality of life were assessed.Results The objective response rates of the simple chemotherapy group,the immune group,and the combination group were 15.00%,40.00% and 64.29%,respectively.The disease control rates were 30.00%,66.67% and 82.14%,respectively.The indicators above of the combination group was significantly higher than those in the simple chemotherapy group and the immune group(χ 2 =11.720,P=0.003;χ 2 =13.890,P<0.001;P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CEA,CA125 and AFP were all decreased in the three groups,and those in the combined group (CEA[13.62±4.24]ng/mL,CA125[31.62±13.66]U/mL,AFP:Ng/mL[35.21±5.93])were lower than those in the immune group(17.85±3.32 ng/mL,59.26±9.35 U/mL,/ 42.12±4.12 ng/mL)and single chemotherapy group(23.73±4.79 ng/mL,64.57±5.23 U/mL47.46±5.32]ng/mL),the differences were statistically significant(F=7.698,P<0.001;F=11.480,P<0.001;F=14.952,P<0.001;P<0.05).All patients had no grade 5 adverse reactions or severe liver function damage,and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence adverse reactions such as thrombocytopenia,leukopenia,abdominal pain,vomiting,gastrointestinal bleeding,and anorexia among the three groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the PFS-R score of the three groups was decreased,and the combined group(3.85±1.13)score was lower than that of the immune group(5.39±1.25)and the chemotherapy group(6.33±1.26).While the WHOQOL-BREF score was increased,the score of combination group(348.58±66.12)was higher than that of immune group(297.24±72.21)and chemotherapy group(256.35±41.67),and the difference was statistically significant(F=2.526,P=0.014;F=2.167,P=0.033;P<0.05).Conclusions The combination of immune and targeted drugs with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy has a significant therapeutic effect on advanced liver cancer.It can effectively control disease progression,reduce tumor marker levels in the body,improve patient quality of life,and alleviate cancer-related fatigue,with controllable safety
处方前置审核工作是推动临床合理用药的重要措施,对转变医院药学服务模式具有重要意义。传统处方点评为回顾性的事后点评,存在滞后性和局限性,不能实时监控合理用药。相比而言,处方前置审核可以及时、有效地干预问题处方,简化不合格处方修改流程,提高就诊患者的取药效率,而人机结合更能发挥药学信息智能化等多重优势。前置审核工作在各医院开展形式及发展水平不一,探讨新型模式,建立自主维护知识库,制定基本化原则,完善个性化原则,对前置审核系统进行全面人工筛查,可从源头上拦截或干预医生的不合理处方,促进用药规范性,提高处方或医嘱合理率,实现药学智慧信息化,辅助临床合理用药。
Pre-prescription audit is an important measure to promote clinical rational use of drugs,which is of great significance to the transformation of hospital pharmaceutical care mode.Traditional prescription review for retrospective review has lag and limitations,can not real-time monitoring rational drug use.By contrast,pre-prescription audit can timely and effective intervene problem prescription,simplify the unqualified prescription modification process,improve the efficiency of patients take medicine,and man-machine combination can make more pharmaceutical information intelligent multiple advantages.Advanced audit work in various hospitals presents different forms and development level,exploring the new mode,establishing independent maintenance knowledge base,developing basic principles,perfecting personalized principle,comprehensive check of advanted audit system,can intercept or intervene doctors unreasonable prescription from the source,contribute to normative,improve the prescription or advice reasonable rate,realize pharmaceutical wisdom informatization,auxiliary clinical rational use of drugs.
目的 面向采血人群的“智慧服务”是智慧医院构建的重要内容,引进智能采血管理系统有助于采血“智慧服务”的实现。文章介绍了广州市属大型三甲医院应用智能采血管理系统的实践,并对于系统出现的问题进行整理及分析,以找出有效解决对策。方法 将采血系统出现故障后的解决对策改良前后分为对照组和观察组,记录采血过程中出现故障的原因及次数,采血故障解决对策改良后的数据为观察组。结果 观察组相较于对照组各项故障的发生率显著降低。结论 在智慧医院构建背景下引进智能采血系统可有助于实现采血“智慧服务”,但在实施过程中应做好新旧采血方式的衔接并落实问题收集和对策制定。
Objective Intelligent Service for blood collection crowd is an important content of intelligent hospital,the introduction of intelligent blood collection management system is conducive to the implementation of “Intelligent Service” blood collection.This paper introduces the application of Intelligent Blood Collection Management System in Guangzhou first-class Hospital,collectis and analyses common systematic problems,to effectively find out the solutions.Materials and methods The patients were divided into control group and observation group before and after the improvement of the countermeasures after the failure of the blood collection system,the reasons and times of the failure were recorded,and the data after the improvement of the countermeasures were taken as the observation group.Results The incidence of various faults in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions The introduction of intelligent blood collection system under the background of the construction of smart hospital can help realize the “intelligent service” of blood collection,but in the implementation process,it is necessary to do a good job in the connection of old and new blood collection methods and implement the problem collection and countermeasures.
目的 评价现有关于干预组仅涉及不同针具针刺或联合常规针刺治疗腰椎间盘突出症系统评价的方法学质量,以比较不同针具针刺治疗腰椎间盘突出症的治疗效果。方法 通过CNKI(中国知网)、万方数据库、VIP(维普)、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库以及其他相关电子资源,对诊断、治疗腰椎间盘突出症的多种针灸技术进行全面的研究。使用AMSTAR2软件,对所有参与的系统性评估结果进行地分析,并根据不同的检测结果,确定文献筛选标准。通过Revman5.4和Cochrance风险偏倚工具,以及Stata16.0的网格Meta分析,挑选了3 381个满足纳入排除要求的随机对照试验。结果 以Stata 16.0统计软件制作排序图可知,杵针+电针的临床有效率SUCRA=81.6%排名第一;目测类比评分显示,银质针SUCRA(用于评估疗效的指标)=95%,排名第一。结论 根据现有的研究证据,杵针+电针以及银质针优于其他9种干预措施,但确切的结果仍需要大量的随机对照试验来证明。
Objective To evaluate the methodological quality of the existing systematic evaluation of the intervention group involving only different needle sets of acupuncture or combined with conventional acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation,in order to compare the therapeutic effect of different needle sets of acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.Methods Through CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP,PubMed,web of science and other databases as well as other relevant resources,a variety of acupuncture techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation were comprehensively studied.Through the use of AMSTAR2 software,all participating systematic evaluation results were effectively analyzed,and according to different test results,which literature meets the requirements were determined.Through revman5.4,Cochrane risk bias tool,and grid meta-analysis of stata16.0,3 381 RCTs meeting the inclusion and exclusion requirements were selected.Results According to the ranking chart made by stata16.0 statistical software,the clinical effective rate of pestle needle + electroacupuncture ranked first with sucra=81.6%.According to the visual analogy score,the silver needle sucra=95%,ranking first.Conclusions According to the existing research evidence,pestle needle + electroacupuncture and silver needle are better than the other nine interventions,but the exact results still need a large number of randomized controlled trials to prove.
目的 探究支气管镜联合雾化吸入药物对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿症状持续时间及肺部影像学好转情况。方法 选取94例肺炎支原体肺炎患儿为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为A组、B组,各47例,分别实施布地奈德雾化吸入治疗、支气管镜肺泡灌洗联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,比较两组症状持续时间、治疗后肺部影像改善情况、炎症指标水平及不良反应发生率。结果 B组体温恢复时间(2.73±0.51)d、咳嗽消失时间(5.98±1.24)d、住院时间(10.96±3.36)d,A组分别为(3.14±0.83)(7.06±2.33)(13.27±3.18)d,B组较A组短(t=2.885、2.809、3.423,均P<0.05);治疗后B组40.43%阴影完全消失、34.04%阴影显著缩小、23.40%阴影有所缩小、2.13%阴影改善不明显,A组分别为21.28%、36.17%、25.53%、17.02%,B组肺部阴影改善情况优于A组(Z=8.311,P<0.05);治疗前B组白细胞计数(WBC)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)水平与A组相近(P>0.05);治疗后B组WBC(7.71±1.94)×109 /L、hs-CRP(4.96±1.44)mg/L、PCT(84.32±21.40)pg/mL,A组分别为(9.05±2.48)×109 /L、(6.17±1.85)mg/L、(105.46±34.02)pg/mL,B组水平较A组低(t=2.918、3.538、3.606,均P<0.05);B组不良反应发生率为8.52%,A组为4.26%,B与A组相近(χ 2 =0.178,P>0.05)。结论 对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿实施支气管镜联合雾化吸入药物治疗,可缩短康复时间,促进肺部阴影消退,降低其炎症指标水平,且未增加不良反应发生率。
Objective To investigate the effect of bronchoscopy combined with nebulized inhalation of medication on the duration of symptoms and pulmonary imaging conversion in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).Methods A total of 94 children with MPP were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into Group A and Group B using a random number table,with 47 cases in each group.They were treated with budesonide nebulization inhalation therapy and bronchoalveolar lavage combined with budesonide nebulization inhalation therapy,respectively.The duration of symptoms,improvement of lung imaging before and after treatment,levels of inflammatory indicators,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.The results showed that the temperature recovery time was(2.73±0.51)days,cough disappearance time was(5.98±1.24)days,and hospitalization time was(10.96±3.36)days in Group B,(3.14±0.83)days,(7.06±2.33)days,and(13.27±3.18)days in Group A,respectively.Durpation in Group B was shorter than Group A(t=2.885,2.809,3.423,all P<0.05). After treatment,40.43% of the shadows in Group B completely disappeared,34.04% of the shadows significantly reduced,23.40% of the shadows reduced,and 2.13% of the shadows showed no significant improvement,better than 21.28%,36.17%,25.53%,and 17.02% in Group A(Z=8.311,P<0.05). Before treatment,the white blood cell count(WBC),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)levels in group B were similar to those in Group A(P>0.05).After treatment,the WBC(7.71±1.94)×109 /L,hs CRP(4.96±1.44)mg/L,and PCT(84.32±21.40)pg/mL in Group B were lower than those in Group A(9.05±2.48)×109 /L,(6.17±1.85)mg/L,and(105.46±34.02)pg/mL,respectively(t=2.918,3.538,3.606,all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in Group B was 8.52%,while in Group A it was 4.26%.The incidence of adverse reactions in group B was similar to that in group A(χ 2 =0.178,P>0.05).Conclusions Bronchoscopy combined with nebulized inhalation therapy for children with MPP can shorten the recovery time,promote the disappearance of lung shadows,reduce their inflammatory index levels,and without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions.