【摘要】目的 探讨脊柱侧弯术后胃肠道功能紊乱患者“温通调补”理论指导下火龙罐综合灸的应用价值。方法 选取2025年6月-2026年6月本院收治的86例脊柱侧弯术后胃肠道功能紊乱患者作为研究对象,采用Excel软件随机函数分为对照组与观察组,每组各43例,评估患者胃肠道功能恢复时间、POGD、中医证候评分、PAC-QOL评分、VAS评分、胃肠道菌群数及胃激素指标水平。结果 治疗后,对照组的肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气时间、首次排便时间均显著多于观察组(P<0.05);对照组的VAS评分、POGD评分、PAC-QOL评分及中医证候评分均显著高于观察组(P<0.05);对照组的乳酸杆菌及双歧杆菌数均显著低于观察组(P<0.05),肠球菌及肠杆菌数均显著高于观察组(P<0.05);对照组的VIP水平均显著高于观察组(P<0.05),MTL、GAS水平均显著低于观察组(P<0.05)。结论 “温通调补”理论指导下火龙罐综合灸可有效改善患者脊柱侧弯术后胃肠道功能紊乱,调节其肠道菌群、胃肠道激素水平,缓解疼痛,提高患者生活质量。
目的 分析胃热壅盛证急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血(Acute Non-variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding,ANVUGIB)患者应用生地泻心汤联合矛头蝮蛇血凝酶治疗的效果。方法 收集2022-02—2025-09我院确诊的ANVUGIB患者98例为研究对象,按照治疗方案分为研究组与对照组,其中接受矛头蝮蛇血凝酶治疗的49例患者作为对照组,接受生地泻心汤、矛头蝮蛇血凝酶联合治疗的49例作为研究组。观察两组疗效、再出血率、止血效果、中医证候积分、安全性、凝血功能指标[全血活化部分凝血活酶时间(Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time,APTT)、凝血酶原时间(Prothrombin Time,PT)、血浆D-二聚体(D-Dimer,D-D)、纤维蛋白原(Fibrinogen,FIB)水平]、全血血红蛋白(Hemoglobin,Hb)、红细胞压积(Hematocrit,HCT)、红细胞计数(Red Blood Cell Count,RBC)以及血清尿素氮(Blood Urea Nitrogen,BUN)水平。结果 研究组治疗有效率93.88%比对照组77.55%高(P<0.05);与对照组相比,治疗12h、24h、48h研究组有效止血率较高,出血停止时间较短(P<0.05);治疗1周后,研究组中医证候积分低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组再出血率低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1周后,研究组PT、APTT短于对照组,血浆D-D、FIB水平低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1周后,研究组全血RBC、Hb、HCT水平高于对照组,血清BUN水平低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗期间未发生不良反应。结论 胃热壅盛证ANVUGIB患者应用生地泻心汤联合矛头蝮蛇血凝酶治疗效果确切,可缩短出血时间,减轻临床症状,改善凝血功能与循环血容量,且未见不良反应。
目的 探讨基于围手术期的口服营养补充(ONS)管理方案对胃癌手术患者的影响。方法 选取2020.1-2025.12本院收治的80例胃癌手术患者,分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组实施围手术期常规膳食指导及肠外营养支持,观察组在对照组基础上实施规范化口服营养补充管理,比较相关指标。结果 术后7d,观察组总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白水平均高于对照组(P<0.001);观察组术后CRP及IL-6水平低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组术后首次排气时间及住院天数短于对照组(P<0.001);观察组术后并发症总发生率为7.50%,显著低于对照组的25.00%(P<0.05)。结论 胃癌围手术期实施口服营养补充管理,对营养状况的改善,炎症反应的减轻,胃肠功能的恢复,住院时间的缩短,降低并发症风险。
目的 探讨基于围手术期的口服营养补充(ONS)管理方案对胃癌手术患者的影响。方法 选取2020.1-2025.12本院收治的80例胃癌手术患者,分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组实施围手术期常规膳食指导及肠外营养支持,观察组在对照组基础上实施规范化口服营养补充管理,比较相关指标。结果 术后7d,观察组总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白水平均高于对照组(P<0.001);观察组术后CRP及IL-6水平低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组术后首次排气时间及住院天数短于对照组(P<0.001);观察组术后并发症总发生率为7.50%,显著低于对照组的25.00%(P<0.05)。结论 胃癌围手术期实施口服营养补充管理,对营养状况的改善,炎症反应的减轻,胃肠功能的恢复,住院时间的缩短,降低并发症风险。
目的 探讨基于围手术期的口服营养补充(ONS)管理方案对胃癌手术患者的影响。方法 选取2020.1-2025.12本院收治的80例胃癌手术患者,分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组实施围手术期常规膳食指导及肠外营养支持,观察组在对照组基础上实施规范化口服营养补充管理,比较相关指标。结果 术后7d,观察组总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白水平均高于对照组(P<0.001);观察组术后CRP及IL-6水平低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组术后首次排气时间及住院天数短于对照组(P<0.001);观察组术后并发症总发生率为7.50%,显著低于对照组的25.00%(P<0.05)。结论 胃癌围手术期实施口服营养补充管理,对营养状况的改善,炎症反应的减轻,胃肠功能的恢复,住院时间的缩短,降低并发症风险。
目的 本研究旨在探讨不同俯卧位通气(PPV)时间对重症肺炎合并胃肠功能障碍患者肠内营养耐受性的影响。方法 选择2020年7月—2023年7月在天津市人民医院重症监护病房(MICU)治疗的80例重症肺炎合并胃肠功能障碍患者为研究对象, 按每日PPV时间分为长时组(≥12 h, n=40)和短时组(<12 h, n=40)。比较两组患者一般资料、氧合指数、胃肠功能指标[腹内压、血清促胃液素(GAS)和血管活性肠肽(VIP)]、肠内营养达标率、胃肠并发症率等。结果 短时组治疗后, 1 d、3 d、5 d氧合指数为(189.93±33.72)、(247.53±63.01)、(325.03±58.11)mmHg,高于长时组的(161.63±36.88)、(191.83±57.65)、(267.95±46.25)mmHg,均P<0.05; 胃残留量为(29.00±7.92)、(19.75±4.45)、(11.00±1.87) mL低于长时组的(75.03±23.29)、(53.13±11.99)、(21.70±5.52) mL, 均P<0.05。短时组治疗后腹内压[(8.53±2.05)mmHg vs (9.75±2.05) mmHg]、VIP水平[(61.14±7.63) vs (67.49±4.43) pg/mL]低于长时组,GAS水平[(65.02±8.84) vs (54.22±9.21)pg/mL]升高(均P<0.05)。短时组总胃肠并发症发生率(7.50%)低于长时组(25.00%), P=0.034。结论 对于重症肺炎合并胃肠功能障碍患者,每日PPV时间≤12 h可改善氧合并降低胃肠并发症风险, 可能与减轻腹压、调节胃肠激素分泌及提升肠内营养耐受性相关。
Objective To explore the effect of different duration of prone position ventilation(PPV)on enteral nutritional tolerance in patients with severe pneumonia combined with gastrointestinal dysfunction.Methods A total of 80 patients with severe pneumonia complicated by gastrointestinal dysfunction were treated in the Medical Intensive Care Unit(MICU)of a hospital from July 2020 to July 2023, and were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into the long-duration group(≥12 hours, n=40)and the short-duration group(<12 hours, n=40)according to the daily duration of PPV.The general data, oxygenation index, gastrointestinal function indicators(intra-abdominal pressure, serum gastrin[GAS] and vasoactive intestinal peptide[VIP]), enteral nutrition achievement rate, and gastrointestinal complications of the two groups were compared.Results The oxygenation index of the short-duration group at 1 d, 3 d,a nd 5 d after treatment([189.93±33.72], [247.53±63.01], and[325.03±58.11] mmHg, respectively)was significantly higher than that of the long-duration group([161.63±36.88], [191.83±57.65], and[267.95±46.25] mmHg,respectively, all P<0.05).The gastric residual volume of the short-duration group([29.00±7.92], [19.75±4.45], and[11.00±1.87] mL, respectively)was significantly lower than that of the long-duration group([75.03±23.29], [53.13±11.99], and[21.70±5.52] mL, respectively, all P<0.05).The intra-abdominal pressure([8.53±2.05] vs [9.75±2.05] mmHg)and VIP level([61.14±7.63] vs [67.49±4.43] pg/mL)of the short-duration group after treatment were significantly lower than those of the long-duration group, while the GAS level([65.02±8.84] vs [54.22±9.21] pg/mL)was significantly higher(all P<0.05).The total incidence of gastrointestinal complications in the short-duration group(7.50%)was significantly lower than that in the long-duration group(25.00%, P=0.034).Conclusions For patients with severe pneumonia complicated by gastrointestinal dysfunction, a daily duration of PPV within 12 hours can improve oxygenation and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal complications, which may be related to the reduction of intra-abdominal pressure, regulation of gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and improvement of enteral nutrition tolerance.
铁死亡是一种以铁依赖性脂质过氧化为特征的程序性细胞死亡形式。近年来研究表明,铁死亡与缺氧应答的关键调控因子——缺氧诱导因子(HIF)存在密切关联。HIF(包括HIF-1α、HIF-2α、HIF-3α三种亚型)调控的铁死亡在结直肠癌、胃癌、溃疡性结肠炎及其他胃肠黏膜损伤性疾病中发挥作用,影响疾病的发生发展。但目前关于HIF-铁死亡通路在不同胃肠道疾病中的差异化作用及调控机制尚未完全阐明。因此,本文对HIF各亚型调控铁死亡的分子机制及其在胃肠道疾病中的作用进行综述,以期为靶向HIF-铁死亡通路治疗相关疾病提供新的思路。
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.Recentstudies have demonstrated a close association between ferroptosis and hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF),the key regulator of the hypoxic response.Ferroptosis regulated by HIF(comprising three isoforms:HIF-1α,HIF-2α,and HIF-3α)plays a role in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer,ulcerative colitis,and other gastrointestinal mucosal injury diseases,impacting their initiation and progression.However,the differential roles and regulatory mechanisms of the HIF-ferroptosis pathway in various gastrointestinal diseases remain incompletely elucidated.Therefore,this review summarizes the molecular mechanism networks through which individual HIF isoforms regulate ferroptosis and their roles in gastrointestinal diseases,with the aim of providing new perspectives for targeting the HIF-ferroptosis pathway to treat relevant diseases.
目的 探讨一种保护型的上肢约束衣在儿童洗胃中的应用。方法 自制并获得实用新型专利“一种保护型的上肢约束衣”,包括背单和两条前襟连接单,三条可调节性约束带,以及下肢延伸固定。选取2023年1月—2023年12月在我院急诊科因急性中毒施行洗胃的患儿为研究对象,依据住院时间,将2023年1月—2023年6月收治患儿为对照组(58例),将2023年7月一2023年12月收治患儿为观察组(58例)。观察组使用本研究发明的保护型上肢约束衣进行约束,对照组则采用传统的约束方法。对两组患儿的洗胃时间、协助人员数量和重复置管次数进行了记录和比较。结果 观察组协助洗胃人数、洗胃时间、重复置管次数分别为1.00(1.00,1.00)人、28.00(26.00,32.00)min、0.00(0.00,0.00)次,均低于对照组的3.00(3.00,3.00)人、32.00(29.00,35.25)min、0.00(0.00,0.00)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 儿童洗胃中应用保护型上肢约束衣,能显著减少协助洗胃人数和重复置管次数,缩短洗胃时间,提高了洗胃效率。
Objective To explore the application of a protective upper extremity restraint in gastric lavage in children.Methods A new patent for“A protective upper extremity restraint garment” was designed,which includes a back sheet and two front-flap connecting sheets,three adjustable restraint bands,and an extension fixation of lower extremity.From January 2023 to December 2023,children who underwent acute gastric lavage due to accidental ingestion in the emergency department of a hospital were selected as the research subjects,according to the admission date,the control group(58 cases)was selected from January 2023 to June 2023,and the observation group(58 cases)was selected from July 2023 to December 2023.The observation group was restrained by the protective upper extremity restraint garment,while the control group was restrained by the traditional restraint method.The time of gastric lavage,the number of assistants and the times of repeated intubation were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results The gastric lavage assistance,lavage time,and number of repeated intubations in the observation group were 1.00[1.00,1.00]person,28.00[26.00,32.00]min,and 0.00[0.00,0.00]times,lower than in the control group(3.00[3.00,3.00]person,32.00[29.00,35.25]min,0.00[0.00,0.00]times),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The application of a protective upper extremity restraint suit during pediatric gastric lavage significantly reduces the number of required assistants,decreases repeated intubation attempts,shortens lavage time,and enhances procedural efficiency.
目的 探讨白蛋白-胆红素(ALBI)联合中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)预测肝硬化合并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血(EGVB)的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月—2022年12月肇庆市第一人民医院消化内科收治的80例肝硬化合并EGVB患者的临床资料,通过电话及门诊、再入院对其进行为期1年的随访,根据随访结果,将其分为2组,即存活组(n=69)与死亡组(n=11),分析导致患者死亡的危险因素,并评估ALBI联合NLR预测肝硬化合并EGVB患者死亡的临床价值。结果 死亡组的年龄60岁以上、腹水和肝性脑病者占比,总胆红素(TBiL)、NLR、凝血酶原时间(PT)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平及ALBI评分均高于存活组(均P<0.05),而血红蛋白(HGB)、白蛋白(ALB)及血钠水平均低于存活组(均P<0.05);Logtisic回归分析显示,年龄60岁以上、腹水、肝性脑病和TBiL、NLR水平升高及ALBI分级为3级是肝硬化合并EGVB患者死亡的危险因素(均P<0.05);ALBI联合NLR预测肝硬化合并EGVB患者预后的准确率及灵敏度高于单一诊断,漏诊率低于单一诊断(P<0.05)。结论 肝硬化合并EGVB患者可见ALBI评分及NLR水平升高,而以上两种指标是患者死亡的危险因素,将其联合检测可评估患者预后,预测其死亡风险。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)combined with neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in predicting liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal and gastric varices bleeding(EGVB).Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EGVB admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of the First People's Hospital of Zhaoqing from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.They were followed up for one year by telephone,outpatient service and readmission.According to the follow-up results,they were divided into the survival group(n=69)and the death group(n=11).The risk factors leading to the death of patients were analyzed and evaluated.Results The proportion of age over 60,ascites and hepatic encephalopathy,the levels of TBiL,NLR,PT,ALT and ALBI in the death group were higher(P<0.05),while the levels of HGB,ALB and blood sodium were lower(P<0.05).Logistics analysis showed that age over 60,ascites,hepatic encephalopathy,NLR and ALBI grade 3 were independent risk factors for the death(P<0.05).The accuracy and sensitivity of ALBI combined with NLR in predicting their prognosis were significantly higher than that of single diagnosis,and the missed diagnosis rate was lower(P<0.05).Conclusions ALBI scores and NLR levels significantly increase in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with EGVB,and the above two indexes are risk factors for the death,and the combination of them can evaluate the prognosis of patients and predict the death risk.
目的 观察环泊酚在老年患者无痛胃肠镜检查中的麻醉效果和不良反应。方法 选择80例65岁以上行无痛胃肠镜检查的老年患者,将患者随机分为环泊酚组(C组)40例和丙泊酚组(P组)40例。每例患者均静脉注射舒芬太尼0.08 μg/kg,30 s后C组给予环泊酚0.3 mg/kg、P组给予丙泊酚1.5 mg/kg。记录2组患者麻醉前(T0)、睫毛反射消失时(T1)、置入胃镜后即刻(T2)和操作结束时(T3)的心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP);记录2组患者检查操作时间、清醒时间、追加药物次数及静脉注射痛、呼吸抑制、呛咳、体动等不良反应发生情况。结果 2组患者行胃肠镜检查操作时间、麻醉清醒时间和追加药物次数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与T0时间点(102.6±14.1 mmHg)比较,P组患者的MAP在T1(86.0±12.5 mmHg)、T2(86.1±13.2 mmHg)、T3(92.8±12.6 mmHg)时间点明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与C组T1(95.9±10.8 mmHg)、T2(96.3±9.6 mmHg)时间点比较,P组的MAP在T1(86.0±12.5 mmHg)、T2(86.1±13.2 mmHg)时均明显降低(P<0.05)。C组患者静脉注射痛、呼吸抑制的发生率明显低于P组(P<0.05);2组体动和呛咳的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 环泊酚0.3 mg/kg在老年患者胃肠镜检查中能提供和丙泊酚1.5 mg/kg相似的麻醉效果,环泊酚组的老年患者发生注射痛、血压下降、呼吸抑制的比例更低。
Objective To observe the effect of ciprofol and propofol in painless gastroenteroscopy in elderly patients.Methods A total of 80 elderly patients aged 65 or above who underwent painless gastroenteroscopy were randomly divided into a group of 40 patients receiving ciprofol(Group C)and a group of 40 patients receiving propofol(Group P).All patients were given sufentanil 0.08 μg/kg,and group C was given ciprofol 0.3 mg/kg,group P was given propofol 1.5 mg/kg after 30 seconds.The heart rate(HR)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)of two groups of patients before anesthesia(T0),at the disappearance of eyelash reflex(T1),after gastroscopy insertion(T2),and at the end of the procedure(T3)were recorded.The operating time,anesthesia awakening time,number of additional medications and the adverse reactions such as injection pain,respiratory depression,cough,body movements were also recorded.Results There were no significant differences(P>0.05)in the gastroenteroscopy operating time,recovery time and number of additional medications between the two groups.Compared with T0 time point(102.6±14.1 mmHg),the MAP of group P patients significantly decreased at T1(86.0±12.5 mmHg),T2(86.1±13.2 mmHg)and T3(92.8±12.6 mmHg)time points(P<0.05).Compared with Group C at T1(95.9±10.8 mmHg),T2(96.3±9.6 mmHg)time points,the MAP of Group P decreased significantly at T1(86.0±12.5 mmHg)and T2(86.1±13.2 mmHg)time points(P<0.05).The incidences of injection pain and respiratory depression in group C were significantly lower than those in group P(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidences of body movements and cough between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Ciprofol 0.3 mg/kg combined with sufentanil can provide anesthesia effect similar to that of propofol 1.5 mg/kg combined with sufentanil in gastroenteroscopy of elderly patients.The proportions of injection pain,blood pressure decreasing and respiratory depression in elderly patients in the ciprofol group were lower.