帕金森病是全球第二大神经退行性疾病,其根本病理特征为中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的退变死亡。目前临床一线治疗主要采用左旋多巴替代疗法,然而疗效有限且副作用显著。以补充多巴胺能神经元为基础的细胞替代疗法,能够从根本上解决神经元丢失的问题,具有长远的临床意义。细胞替代治疗的细胞最早来自于胎儿腹侧中脑组织,随着重编程技术的不断发展,已逐步转向人类胚胎干细胞和诱导多能干细胞体外分化的前体细胞。同时,直接在体内重编程,将胶质细胞转分化为多巴胺能神经元,也是一种具有应用潜力的策略。本文系统总结了近年来帕金森病细胞替代疗法的进展和面临的挑战,旨在为该疾病治疗新策略的研究提供参考和启示。
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide,characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.Traditional treatments,primarily involving levodopa for dopamine replacement,offer limited efficacy and associated with significant side effects.Cell replacement therapies aimed at replenishing dopaminergic neurons provide a promising long-term solution to neuronal loss,with substantial clinical significance.The initial successful cellular source for transplantation in PD research was fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue.Nevertheless,advancements in reprogramming technologies have increasingly favored the use of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells.Additionally,direct in vivo reprogramming,converting glial cells into dopaminergic neurons,has emerged as an alternative strategy for cell replacement therapy.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances and challenges in cell replacement therapies for PD,with the aim of providing insights and guidance for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the PD.
目的 开发一种多功能纳米颗粒输送系统来刺激骨再生和血管形成,用于逆转骨质疏松症。方法 通过制备基于外消旋聚乳酸 Poly(D,L-lactide)即PLA的纳米颗粒来封装淫羊藿苷。随后,通过红细胞膜包被这些纳米颗粒以增强生物相容性。为了提高靶向特异性,进一步合成了由阿仑膦酸盐修饰的聚乙二醇-磷脂酰乙醇胺(PEG-DSPE) 组成的骨靶向聚合物脂质,并将其掺入细胞膜涂层中。结果 多功能纳米颗粒输送系统可通过调节骨髓间充质干细胞 (BMSC)功能,从而增强成骨和血管生成能力。结论 本研究结果表明,多功能纳米颗粒输送系统可以在体外刺激骨形成和血管形成,表明其有成为骨质疏松症先进治疗策略的潜力。
Objective To developed a multifunctional nanoparticle system to stimulate bone regeneration and vascularization as a therapeutics strategy for osteopovost.Methods Poly(D,L-lactide)(PLA)-based nanoparticles were fabricated to encapsulate the icariin,which is renowned for its osteogenic potential.These nanoparticles were then coated with red blood cell membranes to enhance biocompatibility.To further improve targeting specificity,a bone-targeted polymer-lipid consisting of alendronate-modified PEG-DSPE was synthesized and incorporated into the cell membrane coating.Results The delivery system was designed to modulate the function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,thereby enhancing both osteogenesis and angiogenesis.Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that the therapeutic system could enhance bone formation and vascularization in vitro,indicating its potential as an advanced treatment strategy for osteoporosis.
目的 探讨脓毒性休克患者肿瘤坏死因子相关受体6 (TRAF6)、胆碱酯酶(ChE)及急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)对预后不良的预测价值。方法 回顾分析2023年2月—2024年3月于某院ICU病区收治的226例脓毒性休克患者的临床资料,基于患者预后情况分为预后良好组(n=151)以及预后不良组(n=75)。回顾226例脓毒性休克患者入院时及治疗后的TRAF6、ChE表达变化,并记录患者APACHEⅡ评分和序贯器官功能衰竭评估(SOFA)评分动态变化;比较并分析两组患者详尽的临床资料,探讨TRAF6、ChE联合APACHE Ⅱ评分之间的关联性以及上述指标对脓毒性休克患者预后情况的临床评估价值。采用Logistic回归来分析对脓毒性休克患者生存状况产生影响的潜在因素。结果 多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄、APACHE Ⅱ评分、SOFA评分、机械通气时间、TRAF6与ChE表达水平均是影响患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05);受试者操作特征曲线分析显示,年龄、APACHE Ⅱ评分、机械通气时间、SOFA评分、TRAF6、ChE表达水平联合预测脓毒性休克患者预后不良的曲线下面积为0.925,高于单独检测的0.689、0.783、0.794、0.781、0.708、0.827。结论 临床需要及时识别高龄、长时间机械通气时间、高APACHE Ⅱ与SOFA评分、高TRAF6和ChE表达水平的高风险患者,TRAF6、ChE表达水平、SOFA评分、APACHE Ⅱ评分可作为评估脓毒性休克患者预后情况的临床指标,联合应用能进一步提升临床价值。
Objective To explore the predictive value of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6(TRAF6),cholinesterase(ChE)and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scove(APACHE II)for adverse prognosis in patients with septic shock.Methods The clinical data of 226 patients with septic shock admitted to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU) of a hospital from February 2023 to March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed,and the patients were divided into a good prognosis group(n=151)and an adverse prognosis group(n=75)based on their prognosis.The expression of TRAF6 and ChE in 226 patients with septic shock was reviewed at admission and after treatment,while the dynamic changes of APACHE II score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score were recorded.Detailed clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed to explore the correlation between TRAF6,ChE,APACHE II scores and the clinical evaluation value of the above indexes in the prognosis of patients with septic shock.Logistic regression was used to analyze the potential factors affecting the survival of septic shock patients.Results Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that age,APACHE II score,SOFA score,mechanical ventilation time,TRAF6 and ChE expression levels were independent risk factors for prognosis(P<0.05).Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the area under curve(AUC)was 0.925,which was higher than single index prediction(0.689,0.783,0.794,0.781,0.708 and 0.827).Conclusions High-risk patients with advanced age,prolonged mechanical ventilation,high APACHE II and SOFA scores,and high TRAF6 and ChE expression levels need to be identified in time.TRAF6,ChE expression levels,SOFA scores,and APACHE II scores can be used as clinical indicators to evaluate the prognosis of septic shock patients.The combined application of those four indicators can further improve the clinical value.
目的 通过生物信息学手段筛选非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的关键靶点基因,识别预后标志物NDC80,并探讨其在NSCLC中的表达意义,进而分析NDC80作为NSCLC基因治疗靶点的可行性。方法 采用癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)TCGA数据库检索NSCLC相关数据,进行加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)以识别关键基因,并进行差异表达分析、相关性分析和蛋白互作网络构建。对筛选出的关键基因进行功能分析。利用免疫组化染色法检测癌组织及癌旁组织中NDC80蛋白的表达水平,并进一步探究其与临床病理特征的关系。采用Kaplan-Meier法分析NDC80表达与NSCLC患者无进展生存时间(PFS)的关系。结果 共筛选出20个与NSCLC高度关联的关键基因,包括CDC20、CDK1、MCM4、CDC6、MCM2、PLK1、NDC80、CCNB1、CDC45、AURKA、MCM8、BUB1、CDT1、ORC1、CCNA2、CASC5、MAD2L1、BUB1B、CENPA、AURKB。免疫组化验证显示,NDC80蛋白在NSCLC组织中高表达,其在NSCLC组(阳性表达率88.6%)显著高于癌旁组(50.0%)(P<0.05)。NDC80蛋白的阳性表达率在TNM分期(Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期)、低分化、淋巴结转移的NSCLC组高于TNM分期(Ⅰ期+Ⅱ期)、高分化及中分化以及未发生淋巴结转移的NSCLC组(P<0.05)。NDC80蛋白的阳性表达率在不同性别、年龄、病灶大小分类的NSCLC组织中无显著差异(P>0.05)。Kaplan-Meier分析显示,NDC80蛋白高表达组的PFS中位数为(9.00±0.27)个月,明显低于低表达组(11.00±0.79)个月(P<0.05)。结论 本研究发现的关键基因在NSCLC干细胞的维持中发挥重要作用。免疫组化结果显示,NDC80蛋白在NSCLC组织中高表达,且与肿瘤分化、TNM分期及淋巴结转移密切相关。NDC80蛋白高表达组的PFS明显低于低表达组,提示NDC80可能成为NSCLC筛查、治疗和预后评估的潜在生物标志物。
Objective To screen the key target genes in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)by bioinformatics,identify the prognostic marker NDC80,and explore its expression significance in NSCLC,so as to analyze the feasibility of NDC80 as a gene therapy target for NSCLC.Methods TCGA database was used to retrieve NSCLC-related data,and weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)was used to identify key genes,and differential expression analysis,correlation analysis and protein-protein interaction network construction were carried out.The function of the selected key genes was analyzed.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression level of NDC80 protein in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues,and to further explore its relationship with clinicopathological features.Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between NDC80 expression and progression-free survival (PFS)of NSCLC patients.Results A total of 20 key genes highly associated with NSCLC were screened out,which were CDC20,CDK1,MCM4,CDC6,MCM2,PLK1,NDC80,CCNB1,CDC45,AURKA,MCM8,BUB1,CDT1,ORC1,CCNA2,CASC5,MAD2L1,BUB1B and CENPA.Immunohistochemical verification showed that NDC80 protein was highly expressed in NSCLC tissue,and its positive expression rate in NSCLC group(88.6%)was significantly higher than that in adjacent cancer group(50.0%,P<0.05).The positive expression rate of NDC80 protein in NSCLC with TNM staging(Ⅲ+Ⅳ),low differentiation and lymph node metastasis was higher than that in NSCLC with TNM staging(Ⅰ+Ⅱ),high differentiation and moderate differentiation and no lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate of NDC80 protein among NSCLC tissues with different gender,age and lesion size(P>0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median PFS of high expression group of NDC80 protein was(9.00±0.27)months,which was significantly lower than that of low expression group(11.00±0.79)months(P<0.05).Conclusions The key genes found in this study play an important role in the maintenance of NSCLC stem cells.Immunohistochemical results showed that NDC80 protein was highly expressed in NSCLC,and it was closely related to tumor differentiation,TNM staging and lymph node metastasis.The PFS of high expression group of NDC80 protein was significantly lower than that of low expression group,suggesting that NDC80 may become a potential biomarker for screening,treatment and prognosis evaluation of NSCLC.
目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者载脂蛋白B(Apo-B)、载脂蛋白A1(Apo-A1)水平在分娩巨大儿中的预测价值。方法 选取2023年1月—2024年1月在珠海市第五人民医院建档并进行孕检、分娩的85例GDM患者,按照分娩的新生儿体质量情况分为分娩正常组55例(新生儿体质量<4 000 g)和分娩异常组30例(新生儿体质量≥4 000 g)。比较两组孕妇一般资料及孕早期的Apo-B、Apo-A1、Apo-B/Apo-A1比值,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析Apo-B、Apo-A1、Apo-B/Apo-A1对GDM患者分娩巨大儿的预测价值。结果 分娩异常组Apo-B水平、Apo_B/Apo_A1比值(1.05±0.15)g/L、(0.81±0.23)]高于分娩正常组(0.95±0.12)g/L、(0.65±0.18)](t分别为3.357、3.544,P<0.05);Apo-A1水平[(1.29±0.26)g/L]低于分娩正常组[(1.47±0.23)g/L](t=3.292,P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,Apo-B、Apo-A1水平及Apo-B/Apo-A1比值预测GDM患者分娩巨大儿的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.705、0.660、0.709,灵敏度分别为63.33%、63.33%、66.67%,特异度分别为72.73%、74.55%、76.36%,其中Apo-B/Apo-A1比值预测效能最高(P<0.05)。结论 GDM患者分娩巨大儿与孕早期Apo-B升高、Apo-A1水平降低密切相关,监测患者孕早期的Apo-B、Apo-A1水平及Apo-B/Apo-A1比值有助于临床对分娩巨大儿进行预测。
Objective To explore the predictive value of apolipoprotein B(Apo-B)and apolipoprotein A1(Apo-A1)levels on delivery of macrosomia in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods From January 2023 to January 2024,85 patients with GDM who were filed in the hospital and received pregnancy examination and delivery were selected.According to the neonatal body mass,the patients were divided into 55 cases in normal delivery group(newborn birth weight <4 000 g)and 30 cases in abnormal delivery group( newborn birth weight ≥4 000 g).The general data and levels of Apo-B,Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in early pregnancy were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of Apo-B,Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 on delivery of macrosomia in GDM patients.Results The Apo-B and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in abnormal delivery group were(1.05±0.15)g/L and(0.81±0.23),which were higher than(0.95±0.12)g/L and(0.65±0.18)in normal delivery group(t=3.357,3.544,P<0.05).While the level of Apo-A1 in abnormal delivery group,(1.29±0.26)g/L,was lower than(1.47±0.23)g/L in normal delivery group(t=3.292,P<0.05).ROC curve showed that the areas under the curve(AUC)of Apo-B,Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in predicting macrosomia in GDM patients were 0.705,0.660 and 0.709,and the sensitivities were 63.33%,63.33% and 66.67%,and the specificities were 72.73%,74.55% and 76.36%,respectively.Apo-B/Apo-A1 had the highest predictive efficiency(P<0.05).Conclusions The delivery of macrosomia in GDM patients is closely related to the increase of Apo-B and the decrease of Apo-A1 in early pregnancy.Monitoring Apo-B,Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in early pregnancy is helpful to predict the delivery of macrosomia.
目的 探讨基于手术风险模型(RoSCo)评分系统的早期下床活动时机在肾肿瘤患者术后的应用效果。方法 选取2021年6月—2024年6月天津市人民医院收治的80例肾肿瘤患者,应用随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,各40例。80例患者均实施腹腔镜肾部分切除术,对照组实施常规干预与术后早期下床活动干预,观察组实施常规干预与基于RoSCo评分系统的早期下床活动时机干预。对比两组术后康复水平,疼痛程度与睡眠质量,并发症发生率及生活质量。结果 观察组首次下床活动(19.30±4.17)h、排气(22.03±4.15)h、排便时间(29.93±5.58)h及术后住院时间(5.35±1.33)h短于对照组[(25.08±5.11)、(29.38±5.75)(34.20±5.98)(7.35±2.38)]h,对比差异有统计学意义(t=-5.540、-6.557、-3.308、-4.637,P<0.05);手术后,观察组视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分(3.93±0.92)分、PSQI评分(9.13±1.64)分高于对照组[(5.38±1.25)、(12.23±2.40)]分,对比差异有统计学意义(t=-5.902、-6.747,P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率7.50%低于对照组27.50%(χ 2 =5.541,P=0.019);手术后观察组SF-36评分相关维度[生理职能(84.45±9.74)、总体健康(60.75±10.65)、躯体疼痛(65.65±8.60)、生理功能(72.98±9.22)、活力(71.95±6.93)、社会功能(75.38±8.33)、精神健康(75.63±8.02)、情感职能(65.43±9.70)]分值高于对照组[生理职能(69.98±10.09)、总体健康(53.58±7.96)、躯体疼痛(58.83±9.35)、生理功能(65.68±7.58)、活力(62.83±12.80)、社会功能(68.98±10.99)、精神健康(71.58±9.69)、情感职能(57.90±6.86)]分值,对比差异有统计学意义(t=6.530、3.414、3.398、3.870、3.966、2.936、2.037、4.004,P<0.05)。结论 针对肾肿瘤患者术后应用基于RoSCo评分系统的早期下床活动时机干预可促进其术后康复,辅助减轻术后疼痛程度,提升睡眠质量,降低并发症发生率,进一步提升患者生活质量。
Objective To explore the application effect of early mobilization timing based on the Risk of Surgical Complication(RoSCo)scoring system in renal tumor patients after surgery.Methods From June 2021 to June 2024,80 patients with renal tumors admitted to the hospital were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method,with 40 patients in each group.All patients underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.The control group received routine care and early postoperative mobilization intervention,while the observation group received routine care and early mobilization intervention based on the RoSCo scoring system.The postoperative rehabilitation level,pain level and sleep quality,incidence of complications,and quality of life between two groups were compared.Results The first time getting out of bed,exhaust,defecation and postoperative hospitalization time in observation group([19.30±4.17]h,[22.03±4.15]h,[29.93±5.58]h,[5.35±1.33]h) were shorter than those in control group([25.08±5.11]h,[29.38±5.75]h,[34.20±5.98]h,[7.35±2.38]h),the differences were statistically significant(t=-5.540,-6.557,-3.308,-4.637,all P<0.05).After operation,VAS score(3.93±0.92)and PSQI score(9.13±1.64)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group([5.38±1.25]and[12.23±2.40]),and the differences were statistically significant(t=-5.902,-6.747,both P<0.05).The complication rate of the observation group (7.50%) was lower than that of the control group(χ 2 =5.541,P=0.019).After operation,SF-36 scores in the observation group were physiological function(84.45±9.74),general health(60.75±10.65),physical pain(65.65±8.60),physiological function(72.98±9.22),vitality(71.95±6.93),social function(75.38±8.33),spiritual health(75.63±8.02)and emotional function(65.43±9.70),which were higher than those of the control group(physiological function[69.98±10.09],general health[53.58±7.96],physical pain[58.83±9.35],physiological function[65.68±7.58]and vitality[62.83±12.80],social function[68.98±10.99],mental health[71.58±9.69],emotional function[57.90±6.86]),and the differences were statistically significant(t=6.530,3.414,3.398,3.870,3.966,2.936,2.037,4.004,all P<0.05).Conclusions Early mobilization intervention based on the RoSCo scoring system can promote postoperative recovery,assist in reducing postoperative pain,improve sleep quality,reduce the incidence of complications,and further enhance the quality of life of patients with renal tumors.
目的 评价新型穿戴式气压治疗仪预防深静脉血栓的临床疗效及安全性。方法 将156例脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和试验组,各78例。试验组使用新型穿戴式气压治疗仪(邦普医疗/VW100)进行气压治疗。对照组使用韩国元金压力治疗仪进行气压治疗。两组疗程均为10 d,观察临床疗效及安全性,比较两组深静脉血栓形成率、医护人员和患者的使用满意度。结果 治疗10 d后,试验组与对照组深静脉血栓未发生率差值为1.2%,相应的95%置信区间为–5.3%~7.9%,下限高于–10%,医护人员和患者对试验组的评价优于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 新型穿戴式气压治疗仪预防深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效不劣于市面上已有的气压治疗仪,治疗过程中未见明显不良反应,临床使用安全有效。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of new wearable pneumatic compression pump in preventing deep vein thrombosis.Methods One hundred and fifty-six patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control and study group with 78 cases in each group.Study group was treated with the new wearable pneumatic compression pump(Bangpu Medical / VW100).Control group was treated with pneumatic compression pump(Wonjin-POWER).The course of both groups was 10 days,comparing the deep vein thrombosis rate and useage satisfaction of patients and staffs between the two groups.Results After 10 days of treatment,the difference between the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in the study and control group was 1.2%.The corresponding 95% confidence interval was(-5.3%,7.9%),and the lower limit was greater than -10%.The appraisal from medical staffs and the patients of study group was better than that of the control group(P<0.001).Conclusions The clinical effect of the new wearable pneumatic compression pump to prevent deep vein thrombosis is not inferior to the existing pneumatic compression pump,which clinical practice experience is better.There is no obvious adverse reactions in the treatment process,and the clinical practice is also safe and effective.
目的 调查深圳地区综合性医院门诊幽门螺杆菌(Hp)对8种常见抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法 采集13C呼气试验阳性的患者胃黏膜标本313例,进行Hp分离培养及抗菌药物敏感性试验。结果 313例患者分离培养得到247例Hp菌株,培养阳性率78.91%,不同性别、不同年龄患者Hp分离培养阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Hp对甲硝唑、克拉霉素、左氧氟沙星、利福平、阿莫西林、四环素、呋喃唑酮、庆大霉素耐药率依次为88.66%(219/247)、38.46%(95/247)、38.06%(94/247)、4.05%(10/247)、1.21%(3/247)、0.40%(1/247)、0.40%(1/247)、0(0/247)。双重耐药率为38.46%(95/247),其中Hp对克拉霉素+甲硝唑组合耐药率最高(18.62%,46/247),对甲硝唑+左氧氟沙星耐药率居其次(17.00%,42/247)。多重耐药率为19.84%(49/247)。不同年龄、性别患者双重耐药率、多重耐药率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 深圳地区分离的Hp菌株对甲硝唑、克拉霉素、左氧氟沙星耐药率相对更高,且双重耐药、多重耐药情况严重。
Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)to eight commonly used antibiotics in outpatients of general hospitals in Shenzhen.Methods Gastric mucosal samples were collected from 313 patients who tested positive for the 13C breath test,and Hp strains were isolated and cultured.Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on the isolated Hp strains.Results Of the 313 patients,247 Hp strains were isolated,with a culture-positive rate of 78.91%.There was no significant difference in culture-positive rates between different genders and age groups(P>0.05).The resistance rates to metronidazole,clarithromycin,levofloxacin,rifampicin,amoxicillin,tetracycline,furazolidone,and gentamicin were 88.66%(219/247),38.46%(95/247),38.06%(94/247),4.05%(10/247),1.21%(3/247),0.40%(1/247),0.40%(1/247),0(0/247),respectively.The dual resistance rate was 38.46%(95/247),with the highest combination resistance observed in clarithromycin + metronidazole(18.62%,46/247),followed by metronidazole + levofloxacin(17.00%,42/247).The multi-drug resistance rate was 19.84%(49/247).There were no significant differences in dual resistance rates(P>0.05)or multiple resistance rates(P>0.05)between different age groups and genders.Conclusions The Hp strains isolated in Shenzhen exhibited relatively higher resistance rates to metronidazole,clarithromycin,and levofloxacin,with substantial dual and multi-drug resistance.
目的 探讨基于思维导图的绿色通道急救干预对急性心肌梗死患者介入治疗的效果。方法 对天津市人民医院2022年1月—2024年12月收治的80例AMI患者进行研究,依照收治时间进行分组,将2022年1月—2023年6月采取常规急救流程干预的40例患者分为常规组,将2023年7月—2024年12月的采取基于思维导图的绿色通道急救干预的40例患者分为思维导图组。比较两组患者急救效率、急救前后生命体征(心率、舒张压、收缩压)、心肌损伤指标[磷酸肌酸激酶(CK-MB)及肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)],最后比较两组患者干预满意度。结果 对比急救效率发现,思维导图组的预检时间、会诊时间、导管室激活时间、急诊送至PCI手术时间均短于常规组(P<0.05);对比急救前后生命体征发现,与急救前对比,急救后两组的心率、舒张压、收缩压均降低(P<0.05),急救前后两组心率、舒张压、收缩压比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对比急救前后心肌损伤指标发现,急救前两组CK-MB、cTnI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),急救后,思维导图组CK-MB、cTnI低于常规组与急救前(P<0.05);对比干预满意度发现,思维导图组干预满意度为100.00%,高于常规组的85.00%(P<0.05)。结论 基于思维导图的绿色通道急救干预可提升AMI患者的急救效率,稳定患者生命体征,减轻心肌损伤的同时,提升患者干预满意度。
Objective To explore the effect of green channel emergency nursing based on mind mapping on percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) of patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A study was conducted on 80 AMI patients admitted to Tianjin People’s Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024.The patients were divided into two groups based on their admission time.The 40 patients who received routine emergency nursing interventions from January 2021 to June 2023 were assigned to the conventional group,while the 40 patients who received green channel emergency nursing based on mind mapping from July 2023 to November 2024 were assigned to the mind mapping group.The emergency treatment efficacy,vital signs(heart rate,diastolic blood pressure,systolic bloodpressure),myocardial injury indicators(phosphocreatine kinase[CK-MB],and troponin I[cTn1])between two groups of patients before and after emergency treatment were compared.Results The pre-examination time,consultation time,catheterization room activation time and emergency room to PCI operation time of mind mapping group were all shorter than those of conventional group(P<0.05).Compared with the vital signs before and after emergency treatment,we found that the heart rate,diastolic pressure and systolic blood pressure of the two groups decreased after emergency treatment(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the heart rate,diastolic pressure and systolic blood pressure of the two groups before and after emergency treatment(P>0.05).Comparing the myocardial injury indicators before and after emergency treatment,there was no significant difference in CK-MB and cTn1 between the two groups before emergency treatment(P>0.05).After emergency treatment,CK-MB and cTn1 in the mind map group were lower than those in the conventional group and before emergency treatment(P<0.05).Comparing the intervention satisfaction,it was found that the mind mapping group of 100.00% was higher than the conventional group of 85.00%(P<0.05).Conclusions Green channel emergency nursing based on mind mapping can improve the efficiency of emergency treatment for AMI patients,stabilize their vital signs,reduce myocardial injury,improve patient intervention satisfaction.
目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期血嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)、血清白细胞介素-5(IL-5)水平与第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、第一秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量的比值(FEV1/FVC)、用力肺活量(FVC)的相关性。方法 纳入2023年3月—2024年3月于佛山市顺德区第五人民医院住院的73例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者,以2%作为外周血EOS比例(EOS%)截断值分为两组,研究组(EOS%≥2%)34例,对照组(EOS%<2%)39例,收集两组患者的一般临床资料、实验室检查结果、肺功能检查结果(FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC),比较组间差异,分析指标间的相关性。结果 对照组与实验组患者EOS%分别为0.5(0.1,0.9)%、5.15(2.60,10.05)%,两组患者EOS%差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组与实验组患者IL-5水平分别为0.98(0.56,1.78)ng/L、3.6(1.73,6.77)ng/L,两组IL-5水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组FEV1(L)、FVC(L)、FEV1/FVC水平分别为1.32(1.18,1.58)、2.07(1.92,2.62)、0.62(0.57,0.67);实验组分别为1.24(1.00,1.52)、2.22(1.94,2.56)、0.58(0.47,0.67),两组FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Spearman等级相关检验结果显示,EOS%与IL-5水平呈正相关(rs=0.870,P<0.001);按组别进行分层后结果显示,对照组、试验组EOS%与IL-5水平均呈正相关(rs=0.820,P<0.001;rs=0.938,P<0.001)。EOS%、IL-5水平与FEV1、FEV1/FVC呈负相关(P<0.05),与FVC不相关(rs=0.039,P>0.05)。对照组EOS%、IL-5水平与FEV1、FEV1/FVC、FVC不相关(P>0.05);实验组EOS%、IL-5水平与FEV1、FEV1/FVC呈负相关(P<0.05),与FVC不相关(P>0.05)。结论 慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期血EOS%与血清IL-5水平呈正相关,外周血EOS%≥2%时血EOS%、血清IL-5与FEV1、FEV1/FVC呈负相关,与FVC无关。
Objective To explore the correlation among blood eosinophil levels,serum interleukin-5(IL-5)levels,and forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC),and forced vital capacity(FVC)during the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods From March 2023 to March 2024,73 patients hospitalized for AECOPD at Shunde District Fifth People’s Hospital of Foshan City were included,and divided into two groups based on a cutoff value of 2% for peripheral blood eosinophil(EOS%).The experimental group(EOS%≥2%)included 34 patients,while the control group(EOS%<2%)included 39 patients.General clinical data,laboratory test results,and pulmonary function test results(FEV1,FVC,FEV1/FVC)were collected from both groups.Results The median quartiles of EOS% for the control group and experimental group were 0.5(0.10.9)% and 5.15(2.60,10.05)%,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the EOS% of two groups(P<0.05).The median quartiles of IL-5 levels for the control group and experimental group were 0.98(0.56,1.78)ng/L and 3.6(1.73,6.77)ng/L,respectively.There was also a statistically significant difference in IL-5 levels between the two groups(P<0.05).For the control group,the median quartiles of FEV1,FVC,and FEV1/FVC were 1.32(1.18,1.58),2.07(1.92,2.62)and 0.62(0.57,0.67),respectively.For the experimental group,they were 1.24(1.00,1.52),2.22(1.94,2.56)and 0.58(0.47,0.67)respectively.There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in FEV1,FVC and FEV1/FVC levels(P<0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between EOS% and IL-5 level (rs=0.870,P<0.001).Stratified by group,both the control and experimental groups showed a positive correlation between EOS% and IL-5 level (rs=0.820,P<0.001;rs=0.938,P<0.001).There was a negative correlation between EOS%,IL-5 level,and FEV1,FEV1/FVC(P<0.05),but no correlation with FVC(P>0.05).In the control group,there was no correlation between EOS%,IL-5 level,and FEV1,FEV1/FVC,or FVC(P>0.05).In the experimental group,there was a negative correlation between EOS%,IL-5 level,and FEV1,FEV1/FVC(P<0.05),but no correlation with FVC(P>0.05).Conclusions During AECOPD,blood EOS% is positivelycorrelated with serum IL-5 levels.When peripheral blood eosinophils are ≥2%,blood EOS%,serum IL-5,and FEV1,FEV1/FVC are negatively correlated,while there is no correlation with FVC.
目的 对2014—2023年广西梧州市某三级综合医院法定传染病疫情及流行病学特征进行分析,为地市级医院制定传染病防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法和Excel软件对该院法定传染病报告数据进行统计分析。结果 2014—2023年该院共报告法定传染病29 569例,其中,无甲类传染病报告,乙类传染病12 375例(41.85%),丙类传染病15 479例(52.35%),其他需监测报告的传染病1 715例(5.80%)。报告病例数排前4位的传染病依次为手足口病6 726例(22.75%)、感染性腹泻病6 451例(21.82%)、病毒性肝炎5 539例(18.73%)、肺结核3 552例(12.01%)。报告病例数在2014—2017年逐年增加,2017—2023年传染病报告病例降升交替,每年发病高峰期主要集中在5—10月;男性报告病例多于女性,男女之比为1.64∶1;0~10岁年龄段病例最多(46.89%),其次为40~60岁(26.91%);职业分布集中于散居儿童(33.90%)、农民和牧民(18.08%)、工人和民工(9.47%)及幼托儿童(8.48%);患者主要来自梧州市(79.17%)、广东省(17.34%)。传播途径构成比从高到低依次为肠道传染病(46.38%)、呼吸道传染病(26.03%)、血液及性传播传染病(24.92%)、其他传染病(2.66%)。结论 手足口病、感染性腹泻、病毒性肝炎、肺结核是该院传染病防治工作的重点,其中尤其要注重儿童手足口病和感染性腹泻病的预防,根据不同季节、疾病流行趋势,采取有针对性的传染病防控策略。
Objective To analyzed the epidemic and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in a class Ⅲ general hospital in Guangxi Wuzhou from 2014 to 2023,to provide scientific basis for municipal hospitals to formulate infectious disease prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method and Excel were used to sort out and analyze the data.Results From 2014 to 2023,there were 29 569 cases of notifiable infectious diseases,with category B infectious diseases 12 375 cases(41.85%),category C infectious diseases 15 479 cases(52.35%),and others diseases 1 715 cases(5.80%).No category A infectious diseases were reported.The top 4 infectious diseases were 6 726 cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)(22.75%),6 451 cases of infectious diarrhea(21.82%),5 539 cases of viral hepatitis(18.73%)and 3 552 cases of tuberculosis(12.01%).The number of reported cases increased year by year from 2014 to 2017,and the reported cases of infectious diseases decreased and increased alternately from 2017 to 2023,with the annual peak period mainly presented from May to October.Males reported cases were more than females,the ratio of males to females was 1.64∶1.The number of cases between 0 to 10 years old was the highest(46.89%),followed by 40-60 years old(26.91%).The occupational distribution was concentrated in scattered children(33.90%),farmers and herdsmen(18.08%),workers and migrant workers(9.47%)and children in childcare(8.48%).The patients were mainly from Wuzhou City(79.17%)and Guangdong Province(17.34%).The composition ratio of transmission route from high to low was as follows:intestinal infectious diseases accounted for 46.38%,respiratory tract infectious diseases accounted for 26.03%,blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases accounted for 24.92%,and other infectious diseases accounted for 2.66%.Conclusions HFMD,infectious diarrhea,viral hepatitis and tuberculosis are the focus of the hospital’s infectious disease prevention and control work,especially the prevention of HFMD and infectious diarrhea in children,and the prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases are adopted according to different seasons and epidemic trends.
目的 探讨一种保护型的上肢约束衣在儿童洗胃中的应用。方法 自制并获得实用新型专利“一种保护型的上肢约束衣”,包括背单和两条前襟连接单,三条可调节性约束带,以及下肢延伸固定。选取2023年1月—2023年12月在我院急诊科因急性中毒施行洗胃的患儿为研究对象,依据住院时间,将2023年1月—2023年6月收治患儿为对照组(58例),将2023年7月一2023年12月收治患儿为观察组(58例)。观察组使用本研究发明的保护型上肢约束衣进行约束,对照组则采用传统的约束方法。对两组患儿的洗胃时间、协助人员数量和重复置管次数进行了记录和比较。结果 观察组协助洗胃人数、洗胃时间、重复置管次数分别为1.00(1.00,1.00)人、28.00(26.00,32.00)min、0.00(0.00,0.00)次,均低于对照组的3.00(3.00,3.00)人、32.00(29.00,35.25)min、0.00(0.00,0.00)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 儿童洗胃中应用保护型上肢约束衣,能显著减少协助洗胃人数和重复置管次数,缩短洗胃时间,提高了洗胃效率。
Objective To explore the application of a protective upper extremity restraint in gastric lavage in children.Methods A new patent for“A protective upper extremity restraint garment” was designed,which includes a back sheet and two front-flap connecting sheets,three adjustable restraint bands,and an extension fixation of lower extremity.From January 2023 to December 2023,children who underwent acute gastric lavage due to accidental ingestion in the emergency department of a hospital were selected as the research subjects,according to the admission date,the control group(58 cases)was selected from January 2023 to June 2023,and the observation group(58 cases)was selected from July 2023 to December 2023.The observation group was restrained by the protective upper extremity restraint garment,while the control group was restrained by the traditional restraint method.The time of gastric lavage,the number of assistants and the times of repeated intubation were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results The gastric lavage assistance,lavage time,and number of repeated intubations in the observation group were 1.00[1.00,1.00]person,28.00[26.00,32.00]min,and 0.00[0.00,0.00]times,lower than in the control group(3.00[3.00,3.00]person,32.00[29.00,35.25]min,0.00[0.00,0.00]times),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The application of a protective upper extremity restraint suit during pediatric gastric lavage significantly reduces the number of required assistants,decreases repeated intubation attempts,shortens lavage time,and enhances procedural efficiency.
目的 通过对急性深静脉血栓形成(DVT)患者经导管接触性溶栓治疗(CDT)中,影响血管导管相关感染(VCAI)危险因素及病原菌分析,为VCAI的预防提供合理、有效的措施。方法 收集2019年1月—2022年12月徐州市肿瘤医院介入科行CDT治疗的急性DVT患者的临床资料,回顾性调查患者诊疗相关资料及血培养结果,并对发生VCAI和病原菌情况进行分析。结果 本研究共调查急性DVT行CDT治疗的患者437例,发生VCAI的患者共21例,千日感染率为0.543‰。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:溶栓频率>3次/天[OR=3.49(95%CI:1.86~6.45)]、导管留置时间>7 d[OR=3.86(95%CI:1.26~10.18)]和有导管回送[OR=8.67(95%CI:4.83~12.65)]是患者发生VCAI的危险因素(P<0.05)。发生VCAI的21例患者,血培养共培养出24株病原菌,有3例患者出现复合病原菌感染情况。其中以革兰阳性球菌最为常见,共培养出13株,占比54.17%,革兰阴性菌9株,占比37.5 %。结论 导管留置时间>7 d、溶栓频率>3次/天和有导管回送是急性DVT患者CDT治疗中发生VCAI的危险因素。VCAI的病原菌以单一病原菌为主,可合并其他病原菌感染,其中以革兰阳性球菌为主。
Objective By analyzing the risk factors and pathogens of vessel catheter associated infection(VCAI)in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis(DVT)undergoing catheter directed thrombolysis(CDT),to provide reasonable and effective measures for the prevention and treatment of VCAI .Methods Clinical data of patients undergoing CDT treatment for acute DVT in the interventional department of the hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 was collected,patient diagnosis and treatment related data and blood culture results were retrospectively investigated and organized,and the occurrence of VCAI and pathogenic bacteria was statistically analyzed.Results This study investigated 437 patients undergoing CDT treatment for acute DVT,and a total of 21 patients developed VCAI,with an infection rate of 0.543‰.The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis show that thrombolysis frequency>3 times/day(OR=3.49[95%CI:1.86-6.45]),catheter retention days>7 days(OR=3.86[95%CI:1.26-10.18]),and the presence of catheter return(OR=8.67[95%CI:4.83-12.65]) were risk factors for the occurrence of VCAI in patients.Among the 21 patients with VCAI,a total of 24 strains of pathogenic bacteria were discoveredin blood culture,and 3 patients developed composite pathogen infections.Among them,Gram positive cocci were the most common,with a total of 13 strains cultured,accounting for 54.17%,9 strains of Gram negative bacteria,accounting for 37.5%.Conclusions The duration of catheter retention>7 days,thrombolysis frequency>3 times/day,and the presence of catheter return are risk factors for VCAI in acute DVT patients undergoing CDT treatment.The pathogen of VCAI is mainly single pathogen,which can be combined with other pathogens,among which Gram positive cocci are the main pathogen.
目的 识别经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后恐动症患者抑郁、焦虑和压力的影响因素。方法 采用横断面研究,纳入780例行PCI术后恐动症患者。应用系列量表评估恐动症患者的不良心理健康状况、生活质量、自我感受负担、社会支持和运动自我效能,并通过问卷收集了患者的社会人口学数据。线性回归和Logistic回归用于识别抑郁、焦虑和压力等不良心理状态的影响因素,应用中介分析探索潜在的中介机制。结果 271例(34.7%)、304例(39.0%)和153例(19.6%)恐动症患者存在不同程度的抑郁、焦虑和压力。恐动症患者的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平呈正相关。线性回归和Logistic分析结果表明,较高的家庭月收入与较高的抑郁水平相关(线性回归:β为0.908和1.937;Logistic:OR为2.05和5.47),社会支持程度与抑郁水平呈负相关(线性回归:β=-0.079;Logistic:OR=0.93)。单身/离异/寡居患者的焦虑水平显著高于已婚患者(线性回归:β=1.613;Logistic:OR=2.28)。与家庭月收入低于5 000元者相比,家庭月收入为5 000~10 000元之间的患者的压力水平较高(线性回归:β=1.065;Logistic:OR=3.14)。此外,自我感受负担较重的患者具有更高的压力水平(线性回归:β=0.077;Logistic:OR=1.05)。中介分析结果表明,焦虑和压力是社会支持/自我感受负担与抑郁之间关联的潜在中介因子。结论 PCI术后恐动症患者广泛存在心理健康问题,其家庭月收入、年龄、婚姻状况、生活方式和病史等因素对患者的不良心理健康状态具有显著影响。医务人员应关注这些患者的心理健康状况及影响因素,制定综合管理策略以改善其预后。
Objective To identify the risk factors associated with depression,anxiety and stress in patients with kinesiophobia after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods In this cross-sectional study,780 patients who developed kinesiophobia after undergoing PCI were enrolled.A series of scales were used to assess the psychological health status,quality of life,self-perceived burden,social support,and exercise self-efficacy of patients with kinesiophobia,and socio-demographic data of the patients were collected through a questionnaire.Linear regression analyses and Logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors of adverse psychological outcomes,including depression,anxiety,and stress.Furthermore,mediation analysis was employed to explore the potential mediating mechanisms.Results Among the 780 patients with kinesiophobia,271(34.7%),304(39.0%)and 153(19.6%)were found to have varying degrees of depression,anxiety,and stress,respectively.The levels of depression,anxiety and stress in patients with kinesiophobia were positively correlated with each other.The results of both linear regression and Logistic regression analyses indicated that higher levels of family monthly income were associated with higher levels of depression(linear:β=0.908 and 1.937;Logistic:OR=2.05 and 5.47),while the degree of social support was negatively correlated with depression levels(linear:β=-0.079;Logistic:OR=0.93).For patients who were single,divorced or widowed,their levels of anxiety were significantly higher than those of married patients(linear:β=1.613;Logistic:OR=2.28).Compared to patients with a monthly household income of less than 5 000 yuan,those with a monthly income between 5 000 and 10 000 yuan reported higher levels of stress(linear:β=1.065;Logistic:OR=3.14).Additionally,patients who perceived a higher personal burden also experienced greater stress(linear:β=0.077;Logistic:OR=1.05).Mediation analysis indicated that anxiety and stress were potential mediating factors in the relationship between social support/self-perceived burden and depression.Conclusions This study reported the widespread psychological health issues among patients with kinesiophobia after PCI and the interactions between these issues.Factors such as monthly household income,age,marital status,lifestyle and medical history were found to be significantly associated with these negative psychological outcomes.Clinicians and nurses should focus on the psychological health and influencing factors of these patients and develop comprehensive management strategies to improve their prognosis.
目的 探讨经颅多普勒超声(TCD)参数联合屏气指数在颈内动脉(ICA)狭窄或闭塞所致急性脑梗死的评估价值。方法 选择2022年1月—2024年12月,在广州市花都区人民医院连续入组发病72 h内ICA狭窄或闭塞所致的急性脑梗死患者。记录患者人口统计学资料、临床资料及TCD相关参数,包括搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数( RI)、大脑中动脉平均血流速度(Vm)及屏气指数等。依据患者数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果分为侧支循环良好组及侧支循环不良组。比较两组人口统计学、临床资料及TCD相关参数,采用单因素分析、多因素Logistic回归分析及ROC曲线。结果 共纳入ICA狭窄或闭塞所致急性脑梗死共136例,其中侧支循环良好组46例,侧支循环不良组90例。单因素分析提示:侧支循环良好组与侧支循环不良组在PI[0.95(0.80,1.03)vs 1.01(0.88,1.13)]、RI[0.58(0.51,0.62)vs 0.60(0.54,0.65)]、Vm[57(44,65)vs 50.5(41,63)]及屏气指数[0.78(0.75,0.85)vs 0.72(0.59,0.79)]方面,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析提示Vm(OR=1.029,95%CI:1.006~1.053,P=0.014)、屏气指数(OR=723.401,95%CI:14.524~3 6031.859,P<0.001)是侧支循环不良的独立危险因素。屏气指数和Vm评估侧支循环情况的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.713(95%CI:0.627~0.799)和0.605(0.505~0.705),两者的AUC值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 屏气指数和Vm可以评估ICA狭窄或闭塞所致急性脑梗死的侧支循环,屏气指数和Vm的评估效能相当。
Objective To explore the evaluation value of transcranial Doppler ultrasound(TCD)in acute cerebral infarction caused by internal carotid artery(ICA)stenosis or occlusion.Methods From January 2022 to December 2024,patients with acute cerebral infarction caused by ICA stenosis or occlusion within 72 hours of onset were enrolled in our hospital.Patient’s demographic data,clinical data,and TCD related parameters,including pulsatility index(PI),resistance index(RI),average blood flow velocity(Vm)of the middle cerebral artery,and breath holding index(BHI)were recorded.According to the results of digital silhouette angiography(DSA),patients were divided into good collateral group and poor collateral group.Demographic,clinical data,and TCD related parameters were compared between two groups using univariate analysis,multivariate Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve.Results A total of 136 cases of acute cerebral infarction caused by ICA stenosis or occlusion were included,including 46 cases in the collateral good group and 90 cases in the collateral poor group.Univariate analysis showed that the good collateral group and the poor collateral group were different in PI(0.95[0.80,1.03]vs 1.01[0.88,1.13]),RI(0.58[0.51,0.62]vs 0.60[0.54,0.65]),Vm(57[44,65]vs 50.5[41,63]),BHI(0.78[0.75,0.85] vs 0.72[0.59,0.79])(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Vm(OR=1.029,95%CI:1.006-1.053,P=0.014)and BHI(OR=723.401,95%CI:14.524-36 031.859,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for collateral circulation disorders.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)for predicting collateral circulation using BHI and Vm were 0.713(95%CI:0.627~0.799)and 0.605(0.505~0.705),respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in AUC values between the BHI and Vm.Conclusions The BHI and Vm can predict the collateral circulation of acute cerebral infarction caused by ICA stenosis or occlusion,and their predictive power is comparable.
目的 探究认知行为疗法联合治疗性沟通在对内镜黏膜下剥离(ESD)术患者心理及治疗依从性的效果。方法 前瞻性选取2023年3月至2025年3月鹰潭市一八四医院收治的122例行ESD术的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为A、B组,B组56例患者采取治疗性沟通干预,A组66例患者采用认知行为疗法联合治疗性沟通干预,两组均连续干预2个月。比较两组患者干预前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评分、Herth希望指数量表(HHI)评分差异,对比两组干预依从性。结果 干预后,两组SAS、SDS评分均下降且A组低于B组(t分别为12.096、10.326,P<0.05);干预后,两组CD-RISC量表各项评分均提高且A组高于B组(t分别为18.483、12.060、13.622,P<0.05);干预后,两组HHI量表各项评分均上升且A组高于B组(t分别为1.289、11.568、12.527、13.794,P<0.05);A组患者总依从率96.97%(64/66)高于B组80.36%(45/56)(χ 2 =8.782,P<0.05)。结论 认知行为疗法联合治疗性沟通在ESD术患者中干预效果理想,能够明显改善患者负性情绪,提高心理弹性及对疾病康复的希望水平,有效提升依从性。
Objective To explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with therapeutic communication on psychological health and therapy compliance of patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Methods Prospectively,122 patients who underwent ESD at Yingtan 184 Hospital from March 2023 to March 2025 were selected as the research subjects.These patients were randomly divided into Group A and Group B using the random number table method,and 56 patients in group B were treated with therapeutic communication,66 patients in group A were treated with cognitive behavioral therapy combined with therapeutic communication,and both groups were continuously intervened for 2 months.The scores of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and Herth Hope Index(HHI)were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Therapy compliance between the two groups was compared.Results After treatment,the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were decreased,and the scores of group A was lower than that of group B(t=12.096,10.326,P<0.05)after the intervention,the scores of the CD-RISC scale of the two groups were improved,and the score of group A was higher than that of group B(t=18.483,12.060,13.622,P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of HHI scale in both groups increased and score of group A was higher than that ofgroup B(t=11.289,11.568,12.527,13.794,P<0.05).The total compliance rate of patients in group A was 96.97%(64/66),which was significantly higher than 80.36%(45/56)in group B(χ 2 =8.782,P<0.05).Conclusions Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with therapeutic communication has an ideal effect in ESD patients,which can significantly improve patients’ negative emotions,psychological resilience and hope for disease recovery,and also therapy compliance.
目的 调查老年人照护服务需求现状并分析其影响因素,为构建基于需求为导向的老年照护服务体系提供参考依据。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取广州市某三甲医院212名老年人作为调查对象,采用日常生活能力量表、Fried衰弱评估量表及自行编制的老年人需求评估问卷进行调查。结果 老年人对运动与营养(1.96±0.90分)、心理慰藉(2.63±0.85分)、安宁服务(2.73±1.07分)的需求水平较高。多因素线性回归分析结果显示养老方式、日常生活活动能力、爱好数量、性别、衰弱等级、有无主要照顾者是照护服务需求的影响因素(P均<0.05),可解释61.5%的变异量。结论 老年人的照护服务需求受多种因素的影响。应根据老年人的不同特征,构建供需匹配的多元化,多层次照护体系。
Objective To investigate the status quo of care service needs of the elderly and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a reference for the construction of a needs-oriented care service system for the elderly.Methods A total of 212 elderly people from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou were selected by convenience sampling method and investigated with the Activity of Daily Living scale,Fried frailty scale and the self-designed elderly needs assessment questionnaire.Results Elderly patients had higher demands for exercise,nutrition,psychological comfort and hospice services.The results of multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of care service demand included pension style,activities of daily living,number of hobbies,gender,frailty level,and having main caregivers(all P<0.05),which could explain 61.5% of the variation.Conclusions The care needs of elderly patients are affected by many factors.A diversified and multi-level care system with matching supply and demand should be constructed according to the different characteristics of the elderly.
目的 残余胆固醇(RC)是反映动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常的重要指标,其在糖尿病合并冠心病患者中的临床意义尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨RC水平对糖尿病合并冠心病患者心力衰竭风险的预测价值,并分析其相关性。方法 本研究为回顾性横断面研究,纳入2021年1月—2024年1月期间在鹤壁市人民医院接受诊治的292例糖尿病合并冠心病患者。根据是否存在心力衰竭分为心力衰竭组(128例)和无心力衰竭组(164例)。对基线特征进行比较,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析RC与心力衰竭的相关性。同时,通过限制性立方样条(RCS)分析探讨RC与心力衰竭风险的线性关系,并通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线和曲线下面积(AUC)评估RC的预测价值。结果 心力衰竭组患者的男性比例、高血压患病率、RC水平等高于无心力衰竭组,而估算肾小球滤过率水平显著降低(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,RC>0.7 mmol/L显著增加心力衰竭风险(OR=1.854,95%CI:1.161~2.960,P=0.010)。多因素Logistic回归分析中,全调整模型结果显示,RC作为分类变量时,RC>0.7 mmol/L的患者心力衰竭风险显著增加1.891倍(OR=1.891,95%CI:1.047~3.415,P=0.035);作为连续变量时,RC每增加1单位,心力衰竭风险增加2.464倍(OR=2.464,95%CI:1.495~4.064,P<0.001);Log10RC的风险比为6.411(95%CI:2.246~18.302,P=0.001);标化RC的风险比为1.687(95%CI:1.262~2.255,P<0.001)。限制性立方样条分析表明RC与心力衰竭风险呈线性正相关,ROC分析显示RC预测心力衰竭的AUC为0.621(95%CI:0.555~0.687,P<0.001)。结论 RC水平与糖尿病合并冠心病患者心力衰竭风险显著相关,且呈线性正相关。RC具有一定的预测价值,可作为该人群心力衰竭风险评估的潜在指标。
Objective Residual cholesterol(RC)is an important marker reflecting dyslipidemia associated with atherosclerosis.Its clinical significance in patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease(CHD)remains unclear.To explore the predictive value of RC level for the risk of heart failure(HF)in patients with diabetes and CHD and analyze their association.Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included 292 patients with diabetes and CHD who were treated at Hebi People’s Hospital between January 2021 and January 2024.Patients were divided into the HF group(128 cases)and the non-HF group(164 cases)based on the presence of HF.Baseline characteristics were compared,and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between RC and HF.Additionally,restricted cubic spline(RCS)analysis was used to explore the linear relationship between RC and HF risk,and the predictive value of RC was evaluated using receiveroperating characteristic(ROC)curves and the area under the curve(AUC).Results The HF group had significantly higher proportions of males,hypertension prevalence and RC levels,while estimated glomerular filtration rate were significantly lower compared to the non-HF group(P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that RC>0.7 mmol/L significantly increased the risk of HF(OR=1.854,95%CI:1.161–2.960,P=0.010).In the fully adjusted multivariate Logistic regression model,RC(RC>0.7 mmol/L)was associated with a 1.891-fold increased risk of HF as a categorical variable(OR=1.891,95%CI:1.047–3.415,P=0.035).As a continuous variable,each increased unit in RC was associated with a 2.464-fold increased risk of HF(OR=2.464,95%CI:1.495–4.064,P<0.001).The odds ratios for Log10RC and standardized RC were 6.411(95%CI:2.246–18.302,P=0.001)and 1.687(95%CI:1.262–2.255,P<0.001),respectively.ROC analysis indicated a linear positive association between RC and HF risk(P=0.002).ROC analysis showed that RC had predictive value for HF,with an AUC of 0.621(95%CI:0.555–0.687,P<0.001).Conclusions RC levels are significantly associated with the risk of HF in patients with diabetes and CHD,demonstrating a linear positive correlation.RC has potential predictive value and may serve as a useful indicator for assessing HFrisk in this population.
目的 了解育龄期乳腺癌患者对子代健康和遗传风险担忧现状及其对癌症诊断前后生育意愿改变的影响。方法 于2019年11月—2020年9月,采用中文版癌症后生育忧虑量表(RCAC)-子女健康亚量表对广州市某三甲医院的230例育龄期乳腺癌患者进行调查,应用SPSS 26.0及PSM插件对结果进行统计分析。在进行子女健康亚量表得分低分组和中高分组患者的生育意愿改变率的比较时,应用倾向性评分匹配法控制混杂因素。结果 育龄期乳腺癌患者对子代健康和遗传风险担忧得分为(11.40±2.99)分;匹配前后不同子女健康亚量表得分分组的患者在癌症诊断前后生育意愿改变率的差异均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 育龄期乳腺癌患者对子代健康和遗传风险的担忧虽然没有显著影响其生育意愿的改变,但其对子代健康和遗传风险担忧处于较高水平,临床医护人员应提高对这一现象的重视,可通过多渠道科普相关知识,开展遗传咨询服务以减轻患者的担忧。
Objective To explore the current status of childbearing age breast cancer patients’ concerns about their children’s health and genetic risk and its influence on the change of fertility intention before and after cancer diagnosis.Methods From November 2019 to September 2020,the Chinese version of the Reproductive Concern After Cancer Scale(RCAC)- Children’s Health Sub-scale was used to interview 230 patients with breast cancer of childbearing age in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou,and SPSS 26.0 and PSM plug-in were used to analyze the results statistically.The propensity score matching method was used to control confounding factors when comparing the change rate of fertility intention of patients with low scores and those with medium and high scores in the children health subscale.Results The score of concern for the health and genetic risk of children in breast cancer patients of childbearing age was(11.40±2.99).There was no statistically significant difference in the change rate of fertility intention before and after cancer diagnosis among patients with different subscale scores of children’s health.Conclusions Despite not significantly impacting fertility intentions,the notably high level of concern regarding children’s health and genetic risks among childbearing-age breast cancer patients necessitates increased clinical awareness.It is recommended that healthcare professionals address this through multi-channel education and genetically focused counseling within a collaborative model to mitigate patient distress.
目的 探讨医院药房外包代煎代送服务的质量管理。方法 成立中药代煎质量控制管理小组,研究给出完善质量控制体系的策略,涉及建立标准化操作流程、加强人员培训、优化信息化管理系统以及健全监督评估机制。结果 通过对中药库房的采购、入库验收、在库管理、调剂环节的审方、调剂、煎药质量管理以及物流、发药人员全流程管理,提高了患者的满意度,更多的患者选择了中药代煎服务。结论 实施有效的质量控制措施可提高代煎代送服务的质量,为医院药房提升服务质量给予理论依据与实践指导。
Objective To explore quality management of outsourced decoction preparation and delivery services in hospital pharmacies.Methods A quality control management team for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoction preparation was established to develop strategies for improving the quality control system.These strategies involved establishing standardized operating procedures,strengthening personnel training,optimizing the information management system,and improving the supervision and evaluation mechanism.Results Through comprehensive process management,covering procurement,warehouse acceptance,inventory management,prescription review in the dispensing stage,dispensing itself,quality control of decoction preparation,logistics,and management of dispensing personnel,patient satisfaction was enhanced,leading more patients to opt for the TCM decoction service.Conclusions Implementing effective quality control measures can improve the quality of decoction preparation and delivery services,providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for hospital pharmacies to enhance their service quality.