目的 探讨综合康复训练对脑卒中后轻度认知障碍患者的应用效果及认知功能影响。方法 选取2022年2月—2023年2月暨南大学附属广州红十字会医院收治的80例脑卒中后轻度认知障碍患者展开前瞻性研究,应用抽签法将其分为综合康复组与常规组,各40例。常规组实施常规干预,综合康复组在常规组基础上增加综合康复训练,对比其认知功能,简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分变化,运动功能与平衡功能,日常生活能力与生活质量。结果 干预后综合康复组患者洛文斯顿作业疗法认知量表评分注意力为(3.36±0.42)分、思维运动为(17.34±2.31)分、定向力为(13.19±1.24)分,均高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前(P<0.05);干预后综合康复组患者MMSE评分为(25.58±4.12)分高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前,NIHSS评分为(14.53±2.62)分,低于常规组,且两组干预后低于干预前(P<0.05);干预后综合康复组患者Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表评分为(14.51±3.23)分、手臂动作调查测试表评分为(26.86±5.25)分、平衡量表评分为(43.06±5.13)分,高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前(P<0.05);干预后综合康复组患者日常生活活动能力量表评分为(53.02±4.43)分、脑卒中专用生活质量量表评分为(97.11±12.23)分,高于常规组,且两组干预后高于干预前(P<0.05)。结论 针对脑卒中后轻度认知障碍患者采取综合康复训练可促进患者认知功能恢复,提升患者运动功能及机体平衡功能,改善患者智力水平与神经功能,进一步提升患者日常生活能力与生活质量。
Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation training on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment after stroke.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 80 patients with mild cognitive impairment after stroke,who admitted to the hospital from February 2022 to February 2023.They were divided into a comprehensive rehabilitation group and a control group using a lottery method,with 40 patients in each group.The control group received routine intervention,while the comprehensive rehabilitation group received additional comprehensive rehabilitation training on the basis of the control group.Their cognitive function,Mini Mental State Examination Scale(MMSE),National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale in the United States(NIHSS)score changes,motor function and balance function,daily living ability and quality of life were compared.Results After intervention,the Lowenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Scale scores of attention(3.36±0.42),thinking and motor(17.34±2.31),and orientation(13.19±1.24)in the comprehensive rehabilitation group were higher than those in the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention than before(P<0.05).After intervention,the MMSE score(25.58±4.12)of patients in the comprehensive rehabilitation group was higher than that of the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention compared to those before intervention.The NIHSS score(14.53±2.62)was lower than that of the control group,and both groups had lower scores after intervention compared to those before intervention(P<0.05).After intervention,the Fugl Meyer Assessment score(14.51±3.23),Arm Movement Survey Test Form score(26.86±5.25),and Balance Scale score(43.06±5.13)in the comprehensive rehabilitation group were higher than those in the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention than before(P<0.05).After intervention,the Basic Activity of Daily Living score(53.02±4.43)and stroke specific quality of life score(97.11±12.23)in the comprehensive rehabilitation group were higher than those in the control group,and both groups had higher scores after intervention than before(P<0.05).Conclusions Comprehensive rehabilitation training for patients with mild cognitive impairment after stroke can promote cognitive function recovery,improve motor function and balance function,enhance intelligence and neurological function,and further improve daily living ability and quality of life.
目的 观察急性期脑卒中患者早期针刺结合康复训练的临床疗效。方法 采用单盲、分层、区组随机设计分组,随机分成针康组与康复组。针康组35例,康复组35例,按5 d为一个疗程,共4个疗程。采用Fug-Meyer运动功能评分法(FMA)、巴氏指数(BI)、脑卒中专用生活质量量表(SS-QOL)对治疗前及治疗后4周末、出院后8周末及随访期3个月、6个月末的死亡率、残疾率、复发率评估,比较两组的疗效。结果 两组基线比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。组间比较:4周末 FMA、BI评分两组相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),8周末则具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。SS-QOL评分在第4周末和第8周末相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访3个月、6个月末的死亡率、致残率和复发率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。组间多重比较,两组4、8周末 FMA、 BI和SS-QOL评分较治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。针刺康复组8周末疗效优于4周末(P<0.01),康复组8周末与4周末相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。针刺康复组4、8周末SS-QOL评分显著高于治疗前(P<0.01),8周末与4周末相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),康复组各时间点SS-QOL评分两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 对急性脑卒中患者进行早期针刺结合康复训练,可明显改善其肢体运动功能和日常生活活动能力。
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of early acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training in acute-phase stroke patients.Methods Single-blind,stratified,zone group randomized design grouping was adopted,and randomly divided into acupuncture rehabilitation group and rehabilitation group.There were 35 cases in the acupuncture rehabilitation group and 35 cases in the rehabilitation group,received 4 courses,5 days in each course.Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),Barthel Index(BI),Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale(SS-QOL) scores and mortality,disability and recurrence rates at the end of 3 and 6 months of follow-up were used to compare the efficacy of the two groups.Results Comparing the basic conditions of the two groups,the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Comparison between groups:differences FMA and BI scores between two groups at the end of 4 weekends were not significant(P>0.05),while differences were significant(P<0.01)at the end of 8 weekends.SS-QOL scores at the end of 4 weekends and the end of 8 weekends were not significant different between two groups(P>0.05).Mortality,disability and recurrence rates at the end of 3 and 6 months of follow-up were not significantly different(P>0.05).Multiple comparisons between groups:there were significant differences in FMA,BI and SS-QOL scores at the end of 4 and 8 weeks between the two groups compared with the pre-treatment period(P<0.01).The efficacy of the acupuncture rehabilitation group at the end of 8 weekends was significantly better than that at the end of 4 weekends(P<0.01),and there was no statistically significant difference between the rehabilitation group at the end of 8 weekends and that at the end of 4 weekends(P>0.05).The SS-QOL scores at the end of 4 and 8 weekends in the acupuncture rehabilitation group were significantly higher than those before treatment(P<0.01),and there was no statistically significant difference at the end of 8 weekends compared with that at the end of 4 weekends(P>0.05),and there was a statistically significant difference in the two-by-two comparisons of SS-QOL scores at each time point in the rehabilitation group(P<0.01).Conclusions Early acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training for acute stroke patients can significantly improve their extremities motor function and daily vitality.
目的 探讨影响急性脑梗死患者接受重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓治疗决策延迟的因素,并提出减少溶栓决策时间的建议。方法 采用回顾性分析方法,对泉州市第一医院2023年通过急诊收治的120例急性脑梗死患者及其家属的资料进行分析。根据溶栓决策时间,以5 min为界限,将患者分为非延迟组(62例)和延迟组(58例),并对两组资料进行比较分析。采用SPSS 23.0统计软件分析数据,运用t检验(针对连续变量)和χ 2 检验(针对分类变量)比较组间的差异。此外,通过Logistic回归分析,确定影响急性脑梗死患者静脉溶栓治疗决策的危险因素。结果 对比两组患者数据后发现,籍贯地区、冠心病史、外院转入、发病到入院时间以及决策家属数量比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步揭示,非泉州籍贯地区[OR(95%CI):9.29(2.21~38.97),P=0.002]、决策家属人数≥2人[OR(95%CI):18.73(5.96~58.80),P<0.001]、从外院转入[OR(95%CI):10.26(2.09~50.42),P=0.004]以及发病到入院时间3.0~4.5 h[OR(95%CI):4.09(1.45~11.48),P=0.008]是导致治疗决策延迟的独立危险因素。结论 患者非泉州籍贯地区、外院转入、溶栓决策家属人员≥2个、发病到入院时间3~4.5 h是溶栓决策延误的影响因素,提出优化卒中急诊抢救流程以及通过卒中宣教以缩短溶栓决策时间的建议。
Objective To investigate the factors influencing delays in decision-making for intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt-PA)in patients with acute cerebral infarction and to propose recommendations for reducing thrombolysis decision-making time.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the emergency department at Quanzhou First Hospital in 2023,including information from their families.Patients were divided into non-delay group (62 cases) and delay group (58 cases) based on a 5-minute threshold for thrombolysis decision-making time.Comparative analysis between the two groups was performed using SPSS 23.0 statistical software,with t-tests for continuous variables and χ 2 tests for categorical variables.Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors affecting decision-making for intravenous thrombolysis in these patients.Results Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of native region,history of coronary heart disease,transfer from other hospitals,time from onset to hospital admission,and number of family members involved in decision-making(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression identified independent risk factors for delayed treatment decisions:non-Quanzhou native region (OR[95%CI]:9.29[2.21-38.97],P=0.002),having two or more decision-making family members (OR[95%CI]:18.73[5.96-58.80],P<0.001),transfer from other hospitals (OR[95%CI]:10.26[2.09-50.42],P=0.004),and a time from onset to hospital admission of 3-4.5 hours (OR[95%CI]:4.09[1.45-11.48],P=0.008).Conclusions Factors such as non-Quanzhou native region,transfer from other hospitals,having two or more family members involved in decision-making,and a time from onset to hospital admission of 3-4.5 hours are associated with delays in thrombolysis decision-making.Optimizing the emergency rescue process for stroke and shortening the thrombolytic decision-making time through stroke education are suggested.
目的 探讨清醒镇静应用在急性缺血性脑卒中血管内治疗中的效果。方法 选择2020年1月—2023年3月医院接收的急性缺血性脑卒中患者82例进行研究,按随机数表法分为2组,每组各41例,两组采取溶栓与取栓治疗,对照组采取全身麻醉方式,观察组采取清醒镇静方式,记录两组治疗相关参数,比较两组近期疗效、并发症发生情况及预后。结果 观察组入院到腹股沟穿刺时间(95.52±3.63)min、穿刺至血管再通时间(72.25±5.58)min低于对照组(112.25±4.18)min、(102.45±10.63)min(t=19.349,P<0.05);观察组ICU时间(7.81±2.63)d、住院时间(13.75±3.64)d,与对照组(8.05±2.81)d、(14.52±4.07)d比较差异无统计学意义(t分别为0.524、0.399、0.902,P分别为0.601、0.690、0.369)。观察组近期总有效39例(95.12%)与对照组37例(90.24%)比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =0.719,P=0.396)。观察组症状性颅内出血3例(7.32%)与对照组6例(14.63%)比较差异无统计学意义(χ 2 =1.123,P=0.289);观察组脑水肿4例(9.76%)、坠积性肺炎12例(29.27%),低于对照组7例(17.07%)、18例(43.90%)(χ 2分别为4.969、6.962,P分别为0.025、0.008)。观察组预后良好21例(51.22%)高于对照组10例(24.39%)(χ 2 =6.275,P=0.012)。结论 急性缺血性脑卒中患者溶栓与取栓治疗中采取清醒镇静方式可获得与全身麻醉相近的疗效,而且可进一步缩短治疗时间,促进血管快速再通,减少相关并发症,使患者获得更好的预后。
Objective To investigate the conscious sedation effect of endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 82 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 41 cases in each group.The two groups were treated with thrombolysis and thrombectomy,the control group was treated with general anesthesia,and the observation group was treated with conscious sedation.The short-term efficacy,complications and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results The time from admission to groin puncture [(95.52±3.63)min] and time from puncture to vascular recanalization [(72.25±5.58)min] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(112.25±4.18)min,(102.45±10.63)min](t=19.349,P<0.05).Observation group ICU time,length of hospital stay(7.81+2.63)d(13.75+3.64)d,and the control group(8.05+2.81)d,(14.52-4.07)d had no statistically significant difference in comparison(t were 0.524,0.399,0.902,P were 0.601,0.690,0.369).Recent total effective cases observation in group was 39(95.12%)and control group was 37(90.24%),there was no statistically significant difference comparing(χ 2 =0.719,P=0.396).Observation group had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in three patients(7.32%)and control group had six cases(14.63%),there was no statistically significant difference(χ 2 =1.123,P=0.289).There were four cases(9.76%)of brain edema and 12 cases(29.27%)of hypostatic pneumonia in the observation group,which were significantly lower than seven cases(17.07%)and 18 cases(43.90%)in the control group(χ 2 =4.969,6.962,P=0.025,0.008).The number of patients with good prognosis in the observation group(21 cases,51.22%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(10 cases,24.39%)(χ 2 =6.275,P=0.012).Conclusions In the treatment of acute ischemic stroke patients with thrombolysis and thrombectomy,conscious sedation can achieve the same efficacy as general anesthesia,and can further shorten the treatment time,promote rapid recanalization of blood vessels and reduce related complications,so that patients can get a better prognosis.
目的 探讨载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性与卒中后认知障碍的相关性,即大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗塞的严重程度。方法 采用病例——对照研究的方法,收集九江学院附属医院神经内科的100例急性缺血性脑卒中且病因分型为大动脉粥样硬化型患者(脑梗死组)和50例性别、年龄匹配的非缺血性脑卒中患者(对照组)。检测患者的 ApoE 基因型、血脂、美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)、卒中后6个月简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)等,采用多因素方差分析等统计学方法分析他们之间的关联性。结果 ApoE 3/4基因型频率与Ɛ3、Ɛ4等位基因频率,在脑梗死组别中高于对照组(P<0.05)。同时,携带Ɛ3等位基因患者的低密度脂蛋白水平高于携带Ɛ2、Ɛ4等位基因的患者;进一步分析发现含Ɛ3等位基因的脑梗死患者NIHSS评分更高、卒中后认知障碍更严重(P<0.05)。结论 ApoE基因型为Ɛ3/4、等位基因Ɛ3、Ɛ4更易罹患大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死,提示该基因型是脑梗死的易感基因,脑梗死后认知障碍患者Ɛ3等位基因的频率较高,可能是卒中后认知障碍的易感因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between ApoE gene polymorphisms and post-stroke cognitive impairment,the severity of large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.Methods A case-control research study was conducted,gathering data from 100 individuals diagnosed with large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction according to the TOAST classification,who admitted to the Neurology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University.Additionally,50 non-ischemic stroke patients,matched for gender and age,were included as the control group.The patients were assessed for ApoE genotype,blood lipid,NIHSS,and MMSE scale at 6 months post-stroke,and statistical methods were used to analyze their associations. Results Significant differences were observed in the ApoE 3/4 genotype frequency and Ɛ3、Ɛ4 allele frequency between patients with cerebral infarction and the control group,with a notably higher incidence of cerebral infarction in the former.Furthermore,patients carrying the Ɛ3 allele exhibited significantly higher LDL levels than those carrying Ɛ2 or Ɛ4.The analysis also revealed that patients with the Ɛ4 allele experienced higher NIHSS and severer post-stroke cognitive impairment.Conclusions The findings suggest that the ApoE genotype Ɛ3/4 and allele Ɛ3、Ɛ4 may predispose individuals to develop large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction,indicating a susceptibility gene for cerebral infarction.Additionally,the Ɛ3 allele was associated with a higher frequency of cognitive deficits after cerebral infarction,implying that it may be a predisposing factor for post-stroke cognitive impairment.