目的 分析神经营养类药物单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂(monosialotetrahexosylganglioside,GM1)与胞磷胆碱(citicoline)联合使用在新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病(neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,NHIE)的临床疗效并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法 收集2014年1月—2017年6月在广州市第一人民医院新生儿病房住院的54例新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病患儿的临床资料,将收集到的患儿随机分为2组,对照组27例,治疗组27例。治疗组与对照组的治疗的不同在于前者予以单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂GM1联合胞磷胆碱治疗,而对照组仅用单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂GM1,无用胞磷胆碱。治疗三个疗程后,比较2组用药前后的临床表现、神经功能评分及MRI变化情况。结果 治疗组中临床总有效24例(88.9%);对照组中总有效17例(63.0%)(P<0.05);经过三个疗程后2组的神经功能评分均有上升,且治疗组的效果更明显(P<0.05);MRI检查示2组较用药前病灶范围减少,水肿减轻,治疗组改善更明显(P<0.05)。即经过三个疗程治疗后,两组患儿病情均有好转,且治疗组疗效更明显。结论 神经营养类药物GM1联合胞磷胆碱通过修复、重构神经元、改善其代谢等促进受损的神经功能的恢复,在新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病的应用中具有良好的疗效。

Objective To analysis the clinical therapeutic effect of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside and citicolineon neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and explore its possible mechanism.Methods A total of 54 newborn with hypoxicischemic encephalopathy were enrolled from January 2015 to June 2017 in Guangzhou First People's Hospital, and they were divided into control group and treatment group according to the treatment methods, with 27 cases in the control group and 27 cases in the treatment group. Both groups were treated with conventional treatment, the control group added gangliosides, and the treatment group used ganglioside and citicoline. The clinical effects, neurological score and MRI were observed in the two groups.Results The total effective rate was 88.9% in the treatment group,which was higher than 73.0% in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on neurological score between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the neurological scores of the two groups were significantly improved, and the score of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). MRI examinations found that the lesions were significantly improved in the two groups after treatments, and the effect of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside combined with citicolineinthe in treatment of newborn with hypoxicischemic encephalopathy has good effects through repairing and rebuilding the neurons, improving the metabolism to promote the recovery of neurological functions.

目的 探讨炔雌醇环丙孕酮联合二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者促排卵结局及性激素水平的影响。方法 选择2015年3月—2016年12月我院收治的多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者90例,将其参照随机数字表法分为2组,各45例。对照组给予炔雌醇环丙孕酮治疗,在此基础上给予观察组二甲双胍治疗,1个疗程后评估两组临床疗效、性激素水平、药物不良反应,并观察治疗6个月后2组促排卵结局。结果 观察组治疗总有效率、排卵率、妊娠率均较对照组高,T、E₂、LH水平较对照组低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组不良反应率与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 炔雌醇环丙孕酮联合二甲双胍可显著提高PCOS临床疗效,改善性激素水平及促排卵结局,且不增加不良反应率,安全性较高。

目的 探讨家庭医生签约服务在健康村创建中的实践与成效。方法 于2017年9月—2018年2月对834例团星村35岁以上居民进行免费健康体检,分析居民的健康状况,并比较其中247例（170例高血压、77例糖尿病）患者开展家庭医生签约服务前后的疾病知晓率、自我控制情况、血压及血糖水平。结果 834例35岁以上居民中,家庭医生服务的签约率为（682/834）81.77%,有（170/834）20.38%例高血压,糖尿病（77/834）9.23%例;高脂血症（398/834）47.72%例;247例高血压、糖尿病患者签约后疾病的知晓率均高于签约前（P<0.05）,签约后患者自我控制情况优于签约前（P<0.05）,签约后患者的血压、血糖水平优于签约前（P<0.05）。结论 家庭医生签约服务能够利于慢性疾病的筛选与控制,提高居民对于疾病知识的认知,值得推广。

目的 分析血清过敏原检测在小儿过敏性紫癜中的临床价值。方法 本次研究对象选惠州市第一人民医院儿科以及惠州市中心人民医院儿科2015年2月—2017年3月收治的80例过敏性紫癜患儿（观察组）和同期80例健康体检儿童（对照组）。分别检测血清特异性IgE（包括食物组及吸入组）,然后进行对比分析。结果 观察组儿童食物组血清过敏原特异性IgE抗体检测阳性率为96.25%、吸入组血清过敏原特异性IgE抗体检测阳性率为85%,均高于对照组,（P<0.05）,差异有统计学意义。结论 对于过敏性紫癜患儿或其他过敏性疾病患儿可进行血清过敏原检测,从而快速、准确的找到过敏原,并在临床治疗及日常生活中加以避免,有利于疾病的治疗和预防疾病复发。

目的 回顾性分析不同病理类型乳腺黏液腺癌的超声声像图特征,从而提高术前乳腺黏液腺癌不同亚型的超声诊断准确率。方法 分析43名患者共44例手术切除或穿刺活检证实为乳腺黏液腺癌病灶的声像图资料,包括病灶的边界、边缘、形态、回声类型、生长方向、钙化、后方回声、血流分级、腋窝淋巴结形态,并对病灶进行BI-RADS分类。将超声声像图特征与手术或活检后病理结果进行对比,总结出不同亚型的乳腺黏液腺癌的超声声像图特征。结果 44例乳腺黏液腺癌病理类型分为21例单纯型黏液腺癌和23例混合型黏液腺癌,混合型黏液腺癌大多数表现为病灶边界不清(73.9%)、边缘模糊毛刺(73.9%)、形状不规则(91.3%)、以及内部回声不均匀(87%)、病灶内钙化更多见(52.2%)。混合型黏液腺癌的淋巴结转移率明显高于单纯型黏液腺癌(P<0.05)。对比术前病灶的BI-RADS分类及术后病理诊断,超声对恶性病灶诊断准确率68%,单纯型黏液腺癌和混合型黏液腺癌的诊断准确率分别为48.6%、87%。结论 不同病理类型乳腺黏液腺癌间具有一些不同的声像图特征。混合型黏液腺癌大多数表现为病灶边界不清、边缘模糊毛刺、形状不规则、回声不均匀、病灶内钙化多见;单纯型乳腺黏液腺癌通常表现为边界清晰、形态规则、钙化少见、淋巴结转移少等良性肿块声像特征,超声对其误诊率较高,需提高警惕。

Objective Retrospectively evaluate the sonographic features of different types of mucinous breast carcinoma to improve the preoperative ultrasound diagnostic accuracy rate. Methods Sonographic features of 44 cases of MBC proven by pathological biopsy were analyzed, including the margin,lesion boundary,shape,echo pattern,lesion growth pattern, calcification, posterior acoustic feature,blood flow, lymph node form and data system(BI-RADS)classification for the lesion to sum up the different subtypes of breast ultrasonic ultrasonographic features of mucinous carcinoma. Results 21 cases of pure mucinous carcinoma (PMBC)and 23 cases of mixed mucinous carcinoma(MMBC)were founded. MMBC were more likely to have unclear boundary (73.9%), indistinct or spiculate of margin(73.9%), irregular shape (91.3%), heterogeneous internal echo (87%), more calcification in lesions(52.2%). Lymph node metastasis in MMBC was obviously higher than that of PMBC(P<0.05). Compared with preoperative of the BI-RADS classification and pathological diagnosis, ultrasonography in diagnosing accuracy rate was 68% in malignant lesions, 48.6% in PMBC and 87% in MMBC. Conclusion There are some different ultrasonographic characteristics in different types of breast mucinous carcinoma.MMBC are more likely to have unclear boundary, indistinct or spiculate of margin, irregular shape, more calcification in lesions. On the contrary, PMBC has a circumscribed boundary, abrupt interface edge, rare calcification, rare lymph node metastasis and are easily misdiagnosed as benign lesions. We should pay more attention to avoid misdiagnosis in ultrasonography.

目的 评价鞘内注射雷帕霉素对CCI神经病理性痛大鼠的痛阈及脊髓背角胶质细胞表达的影响。方法 健康雄性SD大鼠30只随机分为6组:①CCI组:CCI术后14天处死;②正常对照组:不做任何处理; ③前对照剂组:鞘内置管3天后行CCI术,术后4小时后鞘内给同体积生理盐水,连给3天; ④前给药组:鞘内置管3天后行CCI术,术后4小时鞘内给雷帕霉素溶液,连给3天; ⑤后对照剂组:鞘内置管3天后行CCI术,术后7天鞘内给同体积生理盐水,连给3天;⑥后给药组:鞘内置管3天后行CCI术,术后7天鞘内给雷帕霉素溶液,连给3天。各组于CCI术前1天和术后第2、4、6、8、10、12、14天测机械痛阈和热痛阈。术后14天测痛后用多聚甲醛灌注大鼠,取L4~5脊髓,免疫组化染色,星形胶质细胞标记蛋白(GFAP)检测星形胶质细胞表达变化,并定量分析。结果 与对照组相比,CCI手术组热痛阈和机械痛阈从CCI手术后第4天开始下降(P<0.05);前后给药对照剂组与CCI组相比,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前给药组痛阈从CCI手术后第4天开始上升并持续至手术后第14天,与CCI组相比,差别有统计学意义 (P<0.05)。与CCI组相比,后给药组痛阈从CCI第8天开始上升并持续至手术后第14天,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 与正常对照组比较,CCI组、前、后对照剂组手术侧脊髓背角GFAP染色阳性区平均光密度与阳性面积均有增加,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。前、后给药组手术侧GFAP染色阳性区平均光密度与阳性面积与CCI组比较,均有明显降低,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 鞘内注射雷帕霉素可缓解大鼠神经病理性痛,并抑制脊髓背角胶质细胞的激活。

Objective To evaluate the effects of intrathecal injection of rapamycin on pain threshold and spinal cord gliacyte activation in rats of neuropathic pain. Methods Healthy 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=5 in each group): ① control group without operation or intrathecal injection. ②CCI group without intrathecal injection. ③ intrathecal injection of rapamycin 10 μg(10 μL) 4 hours after CCI operation and the next 2 days once a day. ④ intrathecal injection of NS10 μL 4 hours after CCI operation and the next 2 days once a day. ⑤ intrathecal injection of rapamycin 10 μg(10 μL) 7 days after CCI operation and the next 2 days once a day.⑥ intrathecal injection of NS10 μL 7 days after CCI operation and the next 2 days once a day. Mechanical and thermal threshold were tested 1 day before the CCI operation and 2^th、4^th、6^th、8^th、10^th、12^th、14^th days after the CCI operation for all the rats. Lumbar segment of spinal cords was removed for determination of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GEAP) in spinal cord by immuohistochemistry dyeing and assay in the 14th day after CCI operation for all the rats. Results Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia emerged on 4th day and maintained till 14th day after CCI operation(P<0.05). After intrathecal injection of rapamycin 4 hours or 7days after CCI, mechanical and thermal threshold significantly increased compared to intrathecal injection of NS(P<0.05). And the sum area of GFAP positive and the mean density of GFAP positive area in the dorsal horn of operation side greatly increased in rapamycin treated groups compared NS treated groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Intrathecal injection of rapamycin may attenuate CCI induced hyperalgesia and inhibit the activation of astrocyte.

目的 应用Synapsys人体姿势平衡系统对早期帕金森病(Parkinson's disease, PD)患者姿势障碍定量测试评价效果分析。方法 收集我院神经内科2015年7月-2016年7月收治的早期PD患者52例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组26例。两组患者均给予常规治疗措施,试验组在常规治疗基础上给予康复治疗措施,最后两组均使用Synapsys人体姿势平衡系统和Berg平衡量表对患者进行评估和训练,观察测试结果。结果 干预前动态和静态异常比例组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后试验组动态和静态异常分别为34.62%、30.77%,低于对照组的69.23%、73.08%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预前Berg平衡量表评分组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后试验组评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后两组Berg平衡量表评分均升高,其中试验组干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 应用Synapsys人体姿势平衡系统对早期PD患者姿势障碍准确定量测试,以评价康复效果,并且对于康复治疗具有重要作用。

Objective To analyze the clinical effects of quantitative test on early Parkinson's patients who suffering in postural disorders by using synapsys posturography system (SPS). Methods 52 cases of early Parkinson's patients who treated in our department of neurology from July 2015 to July 2016 were collected and divided into experimental and control groups randomly, 26 cases in each group. During the treatment, cases in experimental group and control group received the same conventional treatments. Meanwhile, on the base of conventional treatments, the cases in experimental group also received recovery therapy. Finally, the clinical effects of different treatments in two groups were evaluated by using SPS and Berg balance scale (BBS). Results Before intervention, the dynamic and static abnormal proportion between two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05); However, after the intervention, dynamic and static abnormal proportion in experimental group were 34.62%、30.77%, respectively, which was lower than those in control group (Dynamic: 69.23%; Static:73.08%), and the difference was significant (P<0.05); In addition, the result of BBS showed there was no difference between the experimental group and control group before intervention (P>0.05), while the scores of BBS in experimental group was higher than that in control group after intervention, and the difference was significant (P<0.05); At the same time, the scores of BBS in each group were both increased after the intervention, especially in the experimental group, and the difference in experimental group was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The quantitative test on early Parkinson's patients who suffering in postural disorders can perform accurately by using synapsys posturography system. And the synapsys posturography system can also evaluate the recovery effects, which is important for the recovery treatment.

目的 探讨DPP-4抑制剂西格列汀对成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病(LADA)早期患者胰岛β细胞功能的影响。方法 把14例新诊断为LADA患者随机分为两组,胰岛素治疗100 mg/d西格列汀(A组,n=7)或无西格列汀(B组,n=7)共治疗9个月。结果 9个月后两组之间的血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平无差异。9个月后A组空腹C肽(FCP),餐后C肽(CP),和ΔCP(ΔCP=2 h CP-FCP)水平与基线相比无明显差别(P＞0.05),B组FCP,2 h的CP和ΔCP进行比较基线显著下降(P<0.05)。A组2 h CP水平明显高于B组(P<0.05)。结论 胰岛素与西格列汀联用较单用胰岛素治疗成人隐匿性自身免疫糖尿病早期患者似乎能更好保护胰岛β细胞功能,西格列汀或可延长LADA非胰岛素依赖期的时间。

Objective The Objective of the study was to investigate the effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor on β-cell function in patients with recent-onset latent autoimmune diabetes in adults LADA. Methods Fourteen recently diagnosed LADA patients were randomized into two groups, A and B, to receive insulin therapy with 100 mg/d sitagliptin (group A, n=7) or without sitagliptin (group B, n=7) for 9 months. Results There were no differences in the clinical baseline data between the two groups. During the 9 months of follow-up, there were no significant differences in glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels between the two groups. At 9 months, there were not different in group A including fasting C-peptide (FCP), 2-hour postprandial C-peptide (CP), and ΔCP(ΔCP=2 h CP-FCP) levels (P>0.05). Compared with baseline, whereas in group B the levels of FCP, 2-hour CP and ΔCP were significantly decreased compared with baseline (P<0.05). Levels of 2-hour CP were higher in group A, it was higher than group B at 9 months (P<0.05). Conclusion LADA patients treated with sitagliptin and insulin was more likely maintain β-cell function by comparison with insulin alone. Sitagliptin administration in patients with LADA might prolong the insulin-free period.

目的 观察紫河车提取物联合顺铂对人脑胶质瘤细胞增殖与凋亡的影响。方法 把正常培养传代后的U251胶质瘤细胞按随机分配的方法分为四组,A组仅加普通培养液,B、C、D组各加紫河车提取物(400 mg/mL)2 mL、顺铂(1 mg/mL)0.01 mL、紫河车提取物(400 mg/mL)2 mL＋顺铂(1 mg/mL)0.01 mL;MTT法观察U251细胞增殖情况,流式细胞仪检测U251细胞凋亡率。结果 培养12、24、36、48、60 h,B、C、D组细胞增殖指数逐渐下降,与A组进行比较,各组P值均小于0.05;其中,将D组与B、C组进行比较,P值小于0.05。将各组培养24 h后上机,测得A、B、C、D各组细胞的凋亡率分别为(0.3±0.2)%,(10.6±1.5)%,(35.9±2.8)%,(52.1±4.1)%。其中,B、C、D各组和A组进行比较,P值均小于0.05;将D组与B、C组两组进行比较,P值也均小于0.05。结论 紫河车提取物联合顺铂可抑制人脑胶质瘤U251细胞增殖,并诱导其凋亡。

Objective To observe the effect of cisplatin combinated with the placental immunoregulating polypeptide (PIP) on proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells. Methods Randomly we divide the normal handed U251 glioma cells into four groups. We added ordinary nutrient solution to group A, while added activated PIP(400 mg/mL)2 mL to group B, cisplatin (1 mg/ml) 0.01 ml to group C, PIP 400 mg/mL)2 mL and cisplatin (1 mg/mL) 0.01 mL to group D. We surveyed the proliferation rate of gliobma cells by MTT experimental method and analyzed the apoptosis of U251 glioma cells by flow cytometry. Results The index of cell proliferation of group B,C,D declined gradually with the training of 12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,60 h. Compared B, C,D group with A group, P<0.05,and compared group D with group B and group C, P< 0.05. Put groups culturing of 24 hour on flow cytometer, the glioma cells apoptosis rate of each group was 0.3%±0.2%、10.6%±1.5%、35.9%±2.8%、52.1%±4.1% respectively. Compared group B,C,D with group A, P<0.05,and compared group D with group B and group C, P<0.05. Conclusion Placental immunoregulatingpPolypeptide combined with cisplatin may restrain the proliferation of human glioma cells, meanwhile increase the apoptosis of glioma cells.

目的 分析妊娠期慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者病毒载量与孕妇肝功能、妊娠并发症的相关性。方法 将本院2015年1月—12月间在本院住院并于本院分娩的携带慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的86例孕妇作为本次研究对象,于住院期间分娩前测定孕妇HBV脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)定量,依据HBV-DNA定量测定结果将全部患者分为阴性组与阳性组,分别对比2组患者的临床资料、肝功能、妊娠并发症发生率及母婴结局;分析HBV-DNA载量与孕妇妊娠期肝功能及妊娠并发症的相关性。结果 2组孕妇的年龄、BMI、孕次与产次均无差异,P>0.05;阴性组患者妊娠期肝功能指标优于阳性组,P<0.01。阴性组中羊水量异常(偏多或偏少)发生率高于阳性组,P<0.05;其他妊娠期并发症发生率2组均未见差异,P>0.05。2组母婴结局均未见统计学差异,P>0.05。HBV载量与ALT肝功能指标均呈正相关,0<r<1,说明HBV-DNA越高则ALT越高,孕妇的肝功能越差。HBV载量与并发症发生间基本不相关,|r|<0.3,P>0.05。结论 慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者妊娠期时随着病毒载量的升高,孕妇的肝功能有所下降仍可维持在正常标准,但与妊娠并发症的发生无相关性;提示对HBV-DNA阳性的孕妇给予密切监护,通过临床常规对症治疗能够保证母婴安全。

Objective To analyze the correlation between viral load of chronic hepatitis B virus infection and liver function and pregnancy complications. Methods We selected 86 cases of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2015 as the research objects, and then during the hospitalization to test the quality of the HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV-DNA)for them before delivery. According to the HBV-DNA quantitative results, all patients were divided into low dosage group and high dosage group, and then the clinical data, liver function, the incidence rate of pregnancy complications and the outcomes of the two groups were compared; at last we analyzed the correlation among the HBV-DNA load, liver function of pregnant women during pregnancy and pregnancy complications. Results There was no difference between the two groups of pregnant women in the age, BMI, pregnancy and birth time, P>0.05; the low dose group was better than the high dose group in the liver function index during the pregnancy, P<0.01. The incidence of abnormal amniotic fluid volume (more or less) in the low dose group was higher than that in the high dose group, P<0.05; there was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of other complications, P>0.05. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in maternal and neonatal outcomes, P>0.05. The HBV load was positively correlated with the two liver function indexes ALT, 0<r<1, indicating that the higher the HBV-DNA, the higher theALT, the worse the liver function of the pregnant women. There was no correlation between HBV load and complications, |r|<0.3, P>0.05. Conclusion Chronic hepatitis B virus carriers during pregnancy with increasing viral load, liver function of pregnant women declined to maintain in normal level, but not associated with pregnancy complications; that of HBV-DNA positive pregnant women given close monitoring of disease through clinical routine treatment can ensure the safety of mother and child.