本文概述了传统日间腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者术后早期康复质量存在的问题，IMB模型通过向患者提供科学的疾病知识，改变其疾病认知与态度，最终促使其采纳并维持健康行为。本文还介绍了IMB模型在日间腹腔镜胆囊切除术后患者早期康复质量中应用涉及的相关概念、研究背景和国内外的研究现状以及未来发展趋势与挑战。研究结果显示，IMB模型可显著降低患者术后疼痛发生率，并提高患者参与治疗决策的程度，为后期关于IMB模型在日间腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者术后早期康复质量的相关研究提供借鉴与参考，以便后期实施相关个性化干预措施，并提供相关理论依据。

       This paper summarizes the problems existing in the early postoperative rehabilitation quality of patients undergoing traditional ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy．The IMB model changes patients’ disease cognition and attitude by providing them with scientific disease knowledge，and ultimately promotes their adoption and maintenance of healthy behaviors．It also introduces the relevant concepts involved in the application of the IMB model in the early postoperative rehabilitation quality of patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy，the research background of this study，the current research status at home and abroad，as well as the future development trends and challenges．The research results show that the IMB model can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative severe pain in patients and the degree of patient participation in treatment decision-making．This provides reference and guidance for subsequent studies on the early rehabilitation quality of patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the IMB model，so as to implement relevant personalized intervention measures in the future and provide relevant theoretical basis．

乳腺癌化疗后骨髓抑制是临床常见不良反应，严重影响治疗依从性与疗效。中医药已形成系统防治体系，以“脾肾亏虚、气血不足”为核心病机，构建内治外治结合的诊疗模式。内治采用汤剂、中成药等，以健脾补肾、益气养血为法；外治依据经络理论，运用针刺、艾灸等手段，实现协同增效。本文梳理中医药治疗的理论与研究进展，旨在为临床应用与后续研究提供参考。

Bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy for breast cancer is a common clinical adverse reaction, which seriously affects the treatment compliance and efficacy. Traditional Chinese medicine has formed a systematic prevention and treatment system, with "spleen and kidney deficiency, qi and blood deficiency" as the core pathogenesis, and a diagnosis and treatment model that combines internal and external treatment. Internal treatment adopts decoction, traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations, etc., with the method of strengthening spleen and kidney, supplementing qi and nourishing blood; External treatment is based on the theory of meridians, using acupuncture, moxibustion and other methods to achieve synergistic effects. This article reviews the theory and research progress of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, aiming to provide reference for clinical application and subsequent research.

药物流产是终止早期妊娠的常用方法，但流产后仍易出现阴道持续出血、不全流产、盆腔感染及月经紊乱等并发症，影响患者生殖健康。生化汤作为中医经典方剂，具有活血化瘀、温经止痛、祛瘀生新之功效，在药物流产后并发症的临床治疗中应用广泛。本文通过梳理近年相关文献，从生化汤概述、药物流产及其并发症、生化汤的临床应用、作用机制及使用禁忌等方面进行系统综述，重点分析现有研究的局限性及争议性问题，并对未来研究方向提出展望，以为临床应用生化汤治疗药物流产后并发症提供理论依据与实践参考。?

巨大/破裂型腰椎间盘突出症（G/RLDH）是腰椎间盘突出症的严重类型，可致剧烈根性疼痛及神经功能障碍。推拿作为非药物中医疗法，广泛应用于腰椎间盘突出症，但治疗G/RLDH的疗效与安全性尚存争议。近年发现G/RLDH具有较高的椎间盘自然重吸收率，为推拿干预提供了病理基础。本文系统检索相关文献，从中医病机、现代医学机制、临床应用及安全性争议等方面进行综述，旨在指导临床诊治并为未来研究提供参考。

Giant/ruptured lumbar disc herniation (G/RLDH) is a severe type of lumbar disc herniation that can cause intense radicular pain and neurological dysfunction. As a non-pharmacological therapy in traditional Chinese medicine, tuina is widely used for lumbar disc herniation; however, its efficacy and safety in treating G/RLDH remain controversial. Recent studies have revealed a relatively high rate of spontaneous resorption of herniated discs in G/RLDH, which provides a pathological basis for tuina intervention. This article systematically reviews the relevant literature, summarizing the traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis, modern medical mechanisms, clinical application, and safety controversies, aiming to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment and to provide a reference for future research.

虽然高效抗逆转录病毒治疗已经把艾滋病变成了能够长期管理的慢性传染病，可是患者预后的个体差异比较明显。近些年不良环境暴露被发现是影响艾滋病生存质量、免疫重建、疾病进展的重要外源性因素。环境污染物作为广泛存在而且有可预防的外部风险因素，有着低剂量、长时程、多途径暴露的特点，能够通过免疫毒性、氧化应激、慢性炎症激活、代谢紊乱等多种通路，干扰艾滋病患者的免疫重建进程和病毒抑制效果，进而影响其疾病进展、远期生存结局。本文系统综述了大气污染物、重金属、黄曲霉素、多环芳烃等典型环境污染物与艾滋病患者发病进展及预后转归的关联，深入分析人群易感性差异和当前研究存在的局限，可为优化HIV/AIDS患者的健康管理策略、降低环境相关健康风险、改善患者远期预后给予理论参考和实践依据。

Although highly active antiretroviral therapy has turned AIDS into a chronic infectious disease that can be managed for a long time, the individual differences in the prognosis of patients are obvious. In recent years, adverse environmental exposure has been found to be an important exogenous factor affecting the quality of life, immune reconstruction and disease progression of AIDS. As an external risk factor that exists and has potential intervention, environmental pollutants have the characteristics of low-dose, long-term and multi-channel exposure. They can interfere with the immune reconstruction process and virus inhibition effect of AIDS patients through various pathways such as immunotoxicity, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation activation, and metabolic disorders, thereby affecting their disease progression and long-term survival outcomes. This article systematically reviews the association between typical environmental pollutants such as air pollutants, heavy metals, aflatoxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the progression and prognosis of AIDS patients. In-depth analysis of the differences in population susceptibility and the limitations of current research can provide theoretical reference and practical basis for optimizing the health management strategies of HIV / AIDS patients, reducing environmental-related health risks, and improving the long-term prognosis of patients.

动脉粥样硬化(AS)是心血管疾病的病理基础，口腔与肠道通过菌群移位、代谢互作及免疫联动共同构成口腔-肠道微生物轴，其稳态失衡通过菌群易位、代谢紊乱和屏障损伤等促进AS发生发展。中医药以整体观念与辨证论治为指导，多靶点调控口腔-肠道微生物平衡，抑制血管炎症与脂质沉积，发挥抗AS效应。本文系统阐述口腔-肠道微生物与AS的关联，探讨中医药调控微生态防治该病的研究进展，分析当前研究存在的局限并展望未来方向，为中医药防治AS提供新的思路与理论依据。

Atherosclerosis (AS) is the pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases. The oral cavity and the gut together constitute the oral-gut microbial axis through microbial translocation, metabolic interactions, and immune crosstalk. Dysbiosis of this axis promotes the occurrence and development of AS via bacterial translocation, metabolic disorders, and barrier damage. Guided by the holistic concept and syndrome differentiation-based treatment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) exerts anti-AS effects by multi-target regulation of the oral-gut microbial balance, inhibiting vascular inflammation and lipid deposition. This article systematically elaborates the association between the oral-gut microbiota and AS, explores the research progress of TCM in modulating microecology for the prevention and treatment of AS, analyzes the limitations of current studies, and prospects future directions, so as to provide new insights and theoretical basis for TCM in preventing and treating AS.

登革热是由登革病毒引起、经伊蚊叮咬传播的急性传染病，近年来已在全球热带和亚热带地区广泛流行，严重威胁公共卫生安全。目前临床上尚缺乏特异性抗病毒药物和高效的疫苗，临床治疗主要以中西医结合为主要模式，且两者在发病机制阐释、诊疗策略制定等方面各有侧重且互为补充。本文系统梳理登革热西医领域的流行病学特征、病理基础与发病机制及现代医学治疗现状，同时深入阐述中医对该病的病因病机与病位认知、辨证论治体系及中医药治疗进展，旨在为临床诊疗优化与科研方向拓展提供参考。

Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the dengue virus. In recent years, it has prevailed widely in tropical and subtropical regions, posing a severe threat to public health security. Given the lack of specific antiviral drugs and high-efficiency vaccines for dengue fever, its clinical treatment is predominantly based on integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The two medical systems exhibit distinct focuses and complementary advantages in the interpretation of pathogenesis and the formulation of diagnosis and treatment strategies. This paper systematically reviews the epidemiological characteristics, pathological basis, pathogenesis and current Western medical treatment status of dengue fever, and further elaborates the etiology, pathogenesis, lesion location, syndrome differentiation and treatment system, as well as research progress of traditional Chinese medicine for this disease. It aims to provide references for the optimization of clinical diagnosis and treatment and the expansion of scientific research directions on dengue fever.

【摘要】 目的 系统分析音乐干预对眼科手术患者围手术期焦虑与生理反应的影响，为其临床应用提供参考。方法 系统检索国内外相关文献，从患者焦虑特征、理论基础、实施方法、干预效果及影响因素等方面进行综合分析。结果 眼科手术患者围术期焦虑发生率较高，焦虑可降低术中配合度、增加麻醉用药等风险。音乐干预通过调节边缘系统及自主神经系统发挥作用，术前、术中持续应用可显著降低焦虑评分，稳定心率、降低血压。听觉敏感性、基线焦虑水平、年龄及干预方案特征是影响干预效果的关键因素。结论 音乐干预能有效缓解眼科手术患者围手术期焦虑，具有良好应用潜力。未来需开展大样本随机对照试验，结合人工智能等技术开发个性化方案，并建立标准化实施方法。

【Abstract】Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of music intervention on perioperative anxiety and physiological responses in ophthalmic surgery patients, and to provide evidence for clinical practice. Methods Domestic and international literature on anxiety characteristics, mechanisms, implementation, efficacy, and influencing factors was systematically searched and reviewed. Results Perioperative anxiety is common in ophthalmic surgery patients and may reduce intraoperative cooperation and increase anesthetic consumption. Music intervention acts on the limbic system and the autonomic nervous system, and can effectively reduce anxiety scores, stabilize heart rate, and lower blood pressure when applied preoperatively and intraoperatively. Key influencing factors include auditory sensitivity, baseline anxiety, age, and intervention features. Conclusions Music intervention safely and effectively relieves perioperative anxiety in ophthalmic surgery patients. Further large-sample randomized controlled trials, AI-based personalized programs, and standardized protocols are needed.

       炎症性肠病是一种慢性复发性疾病, 患者希望水平较低, 可能加剧疾病活动度、降低治疗依从性并降低其生活质量。文章从炎症性肠病患者希望水平的现状、评估工具、影响因素及干预方法四方面进行综述, 剖析现存挑战并提出未来研究方向, 旨在提升医护人员对希望水平管理的重视,为进一步构建科学、合理的炎症性肠病患者希望水平规范化管理方案提供参考。

        Inflammatory bowel disease（IBD）is a chronic and frequently recurring disease, and low level of hope in patients may exacerbate disease activity, reduce treatment adherence,and lower their quality of life．This article reviews the current situation of hope level, assessment tools, influencing factors and intervention methods, to analyze the existing challenges and proposes future research directions, aiming to raise the attention of hope level management among healthcare professionals, and to provide reference for the construction of a scientific, reasonable and standardized management plan for hope level of patients with inflammatory bowel disease．

       克罗恩病肛瘘在解剖结构、诊治措施及疾病预后上具有与普通肛瘘不同的特点, 它是克罗恩病患者常见且严重的并发症及预后不良的征兆,严重影响患者生活质量。文章概述了克罗恩病肛瘘的概念及诊治现状、患者生活质量、相关评估工具及护理措施, 旨在为此类患者的临床管理及相关研究的开展提供参考依据,以提高其生活质量。

       Perianal fistula of Crohn's Disease has different characteristics from common anal fistula in anatomical structure, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis．It is a common and serious complication and a sign of poor prognosis in patients with Crohn's disease, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients．This article summarizes the concept, current status of diagnosis and treatment of perianal fistula in Crohn's Disease, its impact on the quality of life in patients, related assessment tools and nursing measures, so as to provide a reference for the management of such patients and improve their quality of life．