目的 利用新的分型方法指导现有的微创技术下内固定的选择,提示预后,帮助制定术后康复计划。方法 将200例患者随机分成两组,一组为旧Evans分型组,另一组为改良Evans分型组,通过多层螺旋三维CT重建引导下改良Evans分型,对三个重点区域(股骨内距、头颈部及粗隆外侧入针点部位)的CT成像,利用多平面重组(MPR)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)及容积再现(VR)等多种后处理,分析骨折线走形、局部的微骨折、骨小梁分布、骨皮质厚度的骨折部内环境变化。简化整合到Evans分型中。来实现完善影像分型,有效地指导微创手术。对比两组患者的疗效。结果 新Evans分型组98例患者愈合良好,时间为9~17周,中位数为11.2周。其中伤口感染3例,髋关节内翻畸形3例,骨骨头坏死3例,按照髋关节治疗标准评分,优53例,良31例,可9例,差7例。优良率(包括优和良)为84%。旧Evans分型组80例患者愈合良好,时间为9~18周,中位数为11.8周。其中伤口感染10例,髋关节内翻畸形5例,股骨头坏死8例,按照髋关节治疗标准评分,优48例,良26例,可10例,差16例。优良率(包括优和良)为74%。两组对比,新Evans分型组优良率明显高于旧Evans分型组,差异有统计学意义。P＜0.05。结论 多层螺旋三维CT重建引导下的改良Evans分型对老年脆骨性粗隆间骨折的微创治疗有重要的临床指导意义。
目的 探讨乳腺深部脓肿患者采用麦默通微创旋切术治疗与传统切开引流术比较。方法 选取2016年2月—2017年1月我院收治乳腺深部脓肿患者62例为研究对象,根据患者自愿选择手术方式分为麦默通组(麦默通微创旋切术,38例)和传统组(传统切开引流术,24例),比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后1 d疼痛、手术切口长度,并对两组患者随访6个月,比较脓肿复发及切口感染、乳房变形、皮肤感觉障碍、乳瘘等并发症发生率。结果 麦默通组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后1 d疼痛、手术切口长度均少于传统组(P＜0.05)。两组患者术后脓肿复发率无统计学意义(P＞0.05);麦默通组患者术后切口感染、乳房变性、皮肤感觉障碍、乳瘘发生率均低于传统组(P＞0.05)。结论 乳腺深部脓肿患者采用麦默通微创旋切术治疗,相对传统切口引流术可减轻患者手术创伤、缩短患者术后康复时间,降低术后并发症发生率,具有更为显著临床疗效。
目的 探讨腔镜手术治疗老年肺癌的疗效及对肺功能的影响。方法 我们纳入90例老年肺癌患者作为研究对象,随机抽签分为2组,各45例。观察组45例行胸腔镜肺癌切除术,对照组45例行传统开胸肺癌切除术。比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、胸腔引流时间、淋巴结清扫数量、术后住院时间、疼痛评分、肺功能及术后并发症情况。结果 两组手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量无差异(P>0.05);观察组术后胸腔引流时间、术中出血量、疼痛评分、住院时间少于对照组(P＜0.05)。观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05)。观察组术后一秒用力呼气容积、用力肺活量、肺活量、一秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值恢复情况优于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论 腔镜微创手术用于老年肺癌患者能够显著降低围术期并发症,缩短患者术后恢复时间,且有助于改善肺功能。
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic surgery in the treatment of elderly patients with lung cancer. Methods 90 elderly patients with lung cancer in our hospital were divided into two groups,45 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with thoracoscopic lung resection in 45 cases, the control group of 45 cases received conventional open lung cancer resection. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, thoracic drainage time, lymph node dissection, postoperative hospital stay, pain score, pulmonary function assessment and postoperative complications were compared. Results There were no significant differences in the operation time and lymph node dissection between the two groups (P>0.05). The thoracic drainage time,intraoperative blood loss pain score and hospitalization time in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). The forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, vital capacity, one-second forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity of the observation group were better than those in the control group after operation(P<0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic minimally invasive surgery may significantly reduce perioperative complications in elderly patients with lung cancer, shorten the postoperative recovery time and improve lung function.
目的 分析总结异丙酚静脉麻醉复合利多卡因乳腺后间隙局部浸润麻醉在乳腺多发性肿块真空辅助微创旋切术的临床应用体会。方法 通过对我院2012年3月—2015年3月380例乳腺多发性肿物在异丙酚静脉麻醉复合利多卡因乳腺后间隙局部浸润麻醉下行真空辅助微创旋切术的病例,进行回顾性综合分析。结果 手术前、中和手术后血氧饱和度无明显变化;手术中平均动脉压、心率与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);麻醉效果好,术后并发症少。结论 乳腺多发性肿物真空辅助微创旋切术采用异丙酚静脉麻醉复合利多卡因乳腺后间隙局部浸润麻醉,安全可行,患者依从性好、满意度和耐受度较高,临床效果满意。
Objective To investigate the applicative value of Propofol intravenous anesthesia combining with local infiltration anesthesia in vacuum assisted biopsy minimal invasive system for multiple breast lumps excision. Methods Encor minimally invasive surgery was performed under Propofol intravenous anesthesia together with local infiltration anesthesia in 380 cases with multiple breast lumps admitted to our department from March 2012 to March 2015. Anesthesia effect, SpO2, MAP and HR were analyzed retrospectively. Results All 380 patients achieved good anesthetic effect for completing multiple breast lumps excision. The postoperative complications were less. There was no obvious change of oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) before, during and after the surgery period (P>0.05). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) had statistical significance compared the surgery period with the pre-operative time (P<0.05). Conclusion Vacuum assisted biopsy minimal invasive system under Propofol intravenous anesthesia combining with local infiltration anesthesia is a safety and feasible method for multiple breast lumps excision. It has more advantages including perfect anesthetic effect, good patient compliance, higher satisfaction and higher tolerance level.
目的 对比微创稳定系统(LISS)与解剖板治疗股骨远端复杂骨折的疗效比较。方法 45例股骨远端复杂骨折分别应用LISS及解剖板治疗。其中LISS组25例,解剖板组20例。结果 术后LISS组随访12～18个月,平均14.1个月;解剖板组随访12～18个月,平均13.9个月。所有患者手术切口均一期愈合。骨折愈合时间及术后并发症发生总数两组比较差异无统计学意义。LISS组的植骨例数少于解剖板组。切口大小、手术时间、术中失血及Merohan疗效比较,LISS组优于解剖板组。结论 LISS及解剖板治疗股骨远端复杂骨折均可取得满意疗效,但LISS系统创伤小,骨折固定牢固,体现微创原则,是治疗股骨远端复杂骨折的新趋势。
目的 探讨经皮微创技术应用股骨近端解剖锁定钢板治疗高龄骨质疏松粗隆间骨折的治疗。方法 我院自2009年12月—2013年6月共收治高龄骨质疏松粗隆间骨折56例,男35例,女21例;年龄76～94岁,平均81岁。所有患者应用股骨近端解剖锁定钢板通过经皮微创置入技术治疗。根据Harris髋关节功能评分对治疗效果进行评定。结果 56例手术时间30～90 min,平均45 min;术中失血量70～250 mL,平均110 mL。全部患者获随访,时间6～13.5个月,平均9.5个月。X线骨折愈合时间3～6个月,平均3.5个月。其中优41例,良12例。结论 对于高龄骨质疏松患者粗隆间骨折,采用经皮微创置入股骨近端解剖锁定钢板内固定治疗,具有手术创伤小、出血少、安全可靠等优点,有良好的临床应用价值。
Objective To study the application of proximal femur anatomic locking plate with minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) techniques in the treatment of senile osteoporosis curative effect of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods We have treated 56 elderly patients of senile osteoporosis intertrochanteric fractures in December 2009 to June 2013, including 35 male and 21 female cases, aged 76~94, the average of 81. All patients were applied in the proximal femur anatomic locking plate with minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technology according to Harris hip joint function scale curative effect. Results 56 cases of operation time 30~90 min, an average of 45 min. Intraoperative blood loss was 70~250 ml, an average of 110 ml. All patients received follow-up from 6 to 13.5 months, an average of 9.5 months. The X-ray fracture healing time was from 3~6 months, 3.5 months on average. According to the Harris hip joint function scale: 41 cases was excellent, 12 cases was good. Conclusion For the senile osteoporosis intertrochanteric fracture, using the proximal femur anatomic locking plate with minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technology can make minimal trauma, less bleeding reliable fixation,and has good clinical application value.
目的 探讨无管化微创PCNL（经皮肾镜取石术）治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的效果。方法 将中山大学附属第一医院惠亚医院2019年12月—2021年12月收治的95例嵌顿性输尿管上段结石患者按照随机数字表法分组，给予对照组47例患者经尿道输尿管镜碎石术（TURL）治疗、观察组48例患者无管化微创PCNL治疗，观察两组手术一般状况、血清学指标、肾脏血流动力学以及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组手术时间、术后血尿以及住院时间均短于对照组，观察组术中出血量少于对照组，观察组结石清除率高于对照组（P＜0.05）；术后1 d观察组肾损伤分子-1（KIM-1）、中性粒细胞明胶相关脂脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）以及胱抑素C（Cys-C）水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）；两组肾动脉收缩期血流速度（Vs）以及舒张末期血流速度（Vd）对比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；观察组并发症发生率（4.16%）低于对照组（19.15%）（P＜0.05）。结论 无管化微创PCNL可改善嵌顿性输尿管上段结石手术一般状况，减轻患者肾脏损伤，提高结石清除率，不影响肾脏血流，且并发症更少。
Objective To explore the effect of tubeless minimally invasive（percutaneous nephrolithotomy，PCNL）in the treatment of impacted upper ureteral stones．Methods A total of 95 patients with impacted upper ureteral stones admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to December 2021 were grouped according to the random number table method．Control group of 47 cases were treated with transurethral ureteroscopy lithotripsy（TURL），48 patients in the observation group were given tubeless minimally invasive PCNL treatment．The general surgical conditions，serological indicators，renal hemodynamics and complications of the two groups were observed．Results The operation time，postoperative hematuria and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group，the intraoperative bleeding volume of the observation group was less than that of the control group，and the stone free rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group（P＜0.05）．One day after surgery，the levels of kidney injury molecule-1（KIM-1），lipocalin（NGAL）and cystatin C（Cys-C）in the observation groupwere lower than those in the control group（P＜0.05）；the renal artery systolic blood flow velocity（Vs）and end-diastolic blood flow velocity（Vd）had no statistical significance（P＞0.05）；the incidence of complications in the observation group（4.16%）was lower than that in the control group（19.15%）（P＜0.05）．Conclusions Tubeless minimally invasive PCNL can improve the general conditions of surgery，reduce kidney damage，increase stone free rate，does not affect renal blood flow，and has fewer complications．
