目的 探讨雷公藤甲素防治大鼠青光眼术后滤过泡纤维化的可行性。方法 选取Wistar大鼠100只分为两组,对照组和观察组各50例。采用房水释放联合激光房角光凝法建立青光眼大鼠模型,然后所有大鼠均进行青光眼手术。手术后,观察组大鼠使用雷公藤甲素预防治疗青光眼术后滤过泡纤维化,对照组大鼠使用5-氟尿嘧啶预防治疗青光眼术后滤过泡纤维化。观察比较防治滤过泡纤维化效果。结果 观察组大鼠的眼压在手术后第1天与对照组相比无差异(P＞0.05),在第6天、14天低于对照组(P＜0.05),观察组大鼠滤过泡面积在手术后第1天、6天、14天均小于对照组大鼠(P＜0.05);观察组大鼠的治疗后滤过泡分型Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型均优于对照组,Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型均低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组术后不良反应发生率为12.16%,低于对照组22.86%(P＞0.05)。结论 雷公藤甲素防治大鼠青光眼术后滤过泡纤维化效果明显,且安全性较高,值得临床广泛运用推广。
Objective To investigate the feasibility of triptolide in prevention and cure rats glaucoma surgery fibrosis. Methods 100 cases of Wistar rats were divided into two groups, with 50 cases in the control group and the observation group.Glaucoma rat model were built by aqueous release combined with laser photocoagulation, and all rats underwent glaucoma surgery. After surgery, the rats in the observation group were observed their triptolide preventive treatment in glaucoma surgery fibrosis, the control rats were observed their 5-fluorouracil preventive treatment in glaucoma surgery fibrosis.The effects of prevention and treatment of bleb fibrosis were compared. Results The intraocular pressure of rats in observation group in the first day after surgery compared with the control group has no significant difference (P>0.05), on the 6th、 14th day it was lower than the control group rats(P<0.05). Filtration area in the observation group on first, 6th day, 14th days after surgery, was less than the control rats(P<0.05); In the observation group, the type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ of filtering bleb were better than those of the control group, the type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05);The adverse reaction rate was 12.16% in observation group, it was lower than the control group 22.86% (P<0.05). Conclusion Triptolide in prevention and cure of rats glaucoma surgery fibrosis is obvious, and high security. It is worthy of promotion.
目的 探讨生理情况下高龄肝脏与低龄肝脏的区别,寻找可以区分高龄肝脏与低龄肝脏的指标。方法 取6周龄SD大鼠和9月龄以上退役SD大鼠各5只,采用超声弹性成像检测肝脏硬度、全自动生化检测仪检测血清学指标、H&E染色观察肝脏形态结构、Sirius Red染色及Masson染色检测胶原纤维的沉积、免疫组化SP法检测TGF-β1、p16INK4a、SMP-30蛋白的表达。结果 高龄组和低龄组之间血清学指标、胶原纤维沉积及TGF-β蛋白、p16INK4a蛋白的表达无差异;超声弹性成像检测低龄组Vs值为(1.21±0.09)m/s,高龄组为(1.32±0.05)m/s(P=0.033);SMP-30蛋白低龄组IOD值为138244.988±51286.257,高龄组为116240.170±35017.936(P=0.007)。结论 高龄大鼠与低龄大鼠肝脏的硬度及SMP-30蛋白的表达存在差异,随着年龄的增加肝脏硬度增大,SMP-30蛋白表达下降。肝脏硬度与SMP-30蛋白可作为区分高龄肝脏与低龄肝脏的指标。
Objective To investigate the differences between elderly and younger liver. Methods In accordance with the age of the SD rats into two groups: younger group (Group Y, 6 weeks, n=5) and elderly group (Group O, 40 weeks or more, n=5). Data were compared by using ultrasound elasticity imaging to detect liver stiffness, automatic biochemical detector to gauge serum indexes, H&E staining to observe the liver morphological structure, Sirius Red staining and Masson staining to assay the collagen fibers deposition, Immunohistochemistry to identify the expression of TGF-β1, p16INK4a and SMP-30 protein. Results Serum indexes, collagen deposition, TGF-β1 and p16INK4a protein expression were no statistically significant difference between two groups. The Vs value was (1.21±0.09) m/s in Group Y and (1.32±0.05) m/s in Group O (P=0.033). and the IOD value of SMP-30 protein between Group Y and Group O were 138244.988±51286.257 and 116240.170±35017.936 (P=0.007). Conclusion The degree of liver stiffnessnd and SMP-30 protein in elderly and younger liver are different.Increased the degree of liver stiffness and decreased the expression of SMP-30 protein in the elderly SD rats. Liver stiffness and SMP-30 protein could be used as indicators to distinguish between elderly and younger liver.
目的 水解乳清蛋白对炎症性肠病大鼠的抗炎作用及机制。方法 将40只雄性大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,并建立炎症性肠病动物模型,分别喂食添加了水解乳清蛋白及普通蛋白的饲料,喂养4周后处死大鼠,每周检测体重,血清ALB、TNF-α、IL-2、IL-6等。结果 二组间体重及血清白蛋白无区别(P>0.05),实验组与对照组的TNF-α、IL-2及IL-6无区别(P>0.05),从第二周到第四周,实验组的炎症因子水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 水解乳清蛋白具有抗炎作用,能够减少炎症性肠病大鼠动物模型的炎症因子的释放,并改善其营养状况。
Objective To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of whey protein on SD rats model of inflammatory bowel disease. Methods 40 SD rats model of inflammatory bowel disease were established and randomly divided into experimental and control groups equally. Experimental and control groups were fed whey protein and ordinary protein respectively. After 4 weeks, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6 were detected. Results There were no significant difference between the two groups of weights and the level of ALB. The level of TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6 between groups were not significantly different in the first week(P>0.05). However, thelevels of TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6 in experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group in the follow weeks. Conclusion The whey protein could reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines.
目的 建立大鼠急性心肌梗死缺血再灌注后无复流模型,并初步验证细胞焦亡在其中的发生情况。方法 选用20只标准成年雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠（体质量260~320 g）,随机分为对照组（n=5）和手术组（n=15）。对照组仅穿线冠状动脉,未行结扎;手术组结扎左前降支0.5 h后解除,进行再灌注4 h,以建立无复流模型。通过Evens blue和硫磺素S染色,评估心肌的正常供血区、再灌注区及无复流区,并对两组大鼠心肌组织进行病理分析。结果 对照组大鼠全部存活,未出现无复流现象,心肌组织中未见细胞焦亡。手术组存活13只,形成明确的正常供血区（n=13）、再灌注区（n=13）和无复流区（n=10）。在无复流区的心肌细胞中均观察到细胞焦亡（n=10）,而正常供血区未见（n=0）,再灌注区部分出现（n=4）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 细胞焦亡现象主要存在于大鼠急性心肌梗死缺血再灌注后无复流区域中,细胞焦亡可能作为一种区域特异性程序性死亡方式,在心肌无复流的发生与发展中发挥重要作用。
Objective To establish a rat model of myocardial no-reflow after acute myocardial infarction with ischemia-reperfusion injury and to preliminarily explore the occurrence of pyroptosis in the affected myocardium. Methods Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats（260-320 g）were randomly divided into a control group（n=5）and a surgical group（n=15）. In the control group,the coronary artery was encircled with suture but not ligated. In the surgical group,the left anterior descending artery was ligated for 30 minutes, followed by 4 hours of reperfusion to induce the no-reflow model. Evans blue and thioflavin S staining were used to evaluate the normal perfusion area,reperfusion area,and no-reflow area of the myocardium. Histopathological analysis was conducted on myocardial tissues from both groups. Results All rats in the control group survived without evidence of no-reflow or pyroptosis in myocardial tissue. In the surgical group, 13 rats survived and showed distinct regions of normal perfusion, 13 with reperfusion, and 10 with no-reflow. Pyroptosis was observed in all no-reflow areas（n=10）, absent in the normal perfusion zones（n=0）, and partially present in the reperfusion zones（n=4）. The differences were statistically significant（P<0. 05）. Conclusions Pyroptosis predominantly occurs in the no-reflow zones following acute myocardial infarction and ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. As a region-specific form of programmed cell death, pyroptosis may play an important role in the development of myocardial no-reflow.
目的 评价血塞通联合右美托咪定对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的脑保护效果。方法 选择老龄雄性Wistar大鼠50只，随机分为假手术（C）组、脑缺血再灌注（R）组、血塞通（P）组、右美托咪定（D）组，血塞通联合右美托咪定（PD）组，每组各10只。根据组别给予不同药物，行神经行为学测试；于第3、7天，测量脑梗死面积、脑水含量，以及超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶（Glutathione peroxidase，GSH-PX）活性测定。结果 给药后第3、5、7天，与P、D组相比，PD组神经行为学评分改善更加显著（P＜0.001）；给药后第3、7天，与P组相比，PD组脑梗死面积、脑水含量均降低（P=0.01，P=0.002），SOD、GSH-PX活性升高显著（P=0.03，P=0.001）；与D组相比，PD组脑梗死面积、脑水含量也显著降低（P＜0.01，P=0.008）；SOD、GSH-PX活性升高显著（P=0.009，P＜0.001）。结论 血塞通联合右美托咪定较单独应用药物，能显著减轻缺血再灌注损伤造成的脑损害，具有脑保护作用。
Objective To explore the effects of Xuesaitong combined with dexmedetomidine on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in elderly rats．Methods Fifty elderly male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups：sham operation（C）group，cerebral ischemia-reperfusion（R）group，Xuesaitong（P）group，dexmedetomidine（D）group，Xuesaitong combined with dexmedetomidine（PD）group．Xuesaitong was given in group P，dexmedetomidine was given in group D，and normal saline was given in group C and group R，continuously for 7 days．After 3- and 7-day treatment，the brain of rats was dissected out to assay the area of cerebral infarction，degree of cerebral edema，superoxide dismutase（SOD） and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX） activity．Results When compared PD group with P and D group，neurobehavioral score was lower at 3，5，7 day（P＜0.001）；area of cerebral infarction，degree of cerebral edema were less（P=0.01，P=0.002），activity of SOD and GSH-PX were higher at 3，7 days（P=0.03，P=0.001）respectively．When compared PD group with D group，area of cerebral infarction，degree of cerebral edema were less（P＜0.01，P=0.008），activity of SOD and GSH-PX were higher at 3，7 days（P=0.009，P＜0.001）respectively．Conclusions The combination of Xuesaitong and dexmedetomidine can obviously reduce the damage by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in elderly rats and has brain protective effects．
目的 探讨神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）在抑制剂N-硝基-左旋精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）抑制作用下与新生鼠胃肠道疾病的相关性研究，以进一步研究婴儿肥厚性幽门狭窄（IHPS）等疾病的致病机制。方法 对40只成熟雌性wistar大鼠随机均分4组，怀孕后予怀孕母鼠灌胃，对照组给予生理盐水，低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别给予L-NAME 60、300、600 mg/（kg·d）L-NAME。新生鼠皮下注射方式，予对照组皮下注射生理盐水，在低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组皮下注射L-NAME 25、125、250 mg/（kg·d）L-NAME。统计分析新生鼠幽门中的nNOS表达量、体质量增长情况、胃潴留情况、幽门肌层厚度。结果 （1）低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组新生鼠幽门肌层厚度在出生后第1、7、14日龄高于对照组，但组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。（2）与对照组相比，低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的新生鼠出生后第1周体质量增加量更少，胃潴留更明显（P＞0.05）；在出生后的第2周各组体质量增加量差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。（3）新生鼠出生后第14天，中剂量组的胃体积大于低剂量组，但低剂量组和对照组之间、中剂量组和高剂量组之间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。（4）新生鼠生后第1天，幽门中nNOS的表达被L-NAME以剂量依赖的方式被抑制，随着新生鼠日龄的增长，这种效应逐渐消失。（5）在不同剂量L-NAME的作用下，新生鼠幽门中nNOS表达量、趋势在不同时间点不同。结论 （1）nNOS可以导致新生鼠胃潴留、幽门梗阻，与IHPS相关症状之间存在相关性，但可能不是IHPS病因的唯一分子机制。（2）在新生鼠胃、幽门组织中，nNOS的表达量可以通过负反馈调节机制调节。（3）nNOS表达量上调可能有助于幽门舒张，但可能无法完全逆转IHPS中幽门的进一步肥厚和阻塞。
Objective To explore the effect of nNOS on the early postnatal pylorus of neonatal rats under the inhibition of the inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride（L-NAME），in order to further investigate the pathogenic mechanism of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis（IHPS）．Methods Pregnant female mice were grouped randomly and administered by gavage，with the control group receiving physiological saline，the low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups receiving different doses of L-NAME．For the neonatal rats，the control group was subcutaneously injected with physiological saline，while the low-dose group，medium-dose group，and high-dose group were subcutaneously injected with different doses of L-NAME．The expression of nNOS in the pylorus，weight gain，gastric retention，and pyloric muscle thickness of newborn rats were statistically analyzed．Results (1) The thickness of the pyloric muscle layer in the low-dose group，medium-dose group，and high-dose group of newborn rats was higher than that in the control group on the 1st，7th，and 14th day after birth，but there was no significant difference．（2）Compared with the control group，the neonatal rats in the low-dose group，the middle-dose group and the high-dose group gained less weight in the first week after birth，and the gastric retention was more significant．There was no significant difference in weight gain among the groups in the second week after birth．（3）On the 14th day after birth，the gastric volume of the medium-dose group was larger than that of the low-dose group，but there was no statistical difference between the low-dose group and the control group，or between the medium-dose group and the high-dose group．（4）On the first day after birth，the expression of nNOS in the pylorus of neonatal rats was significantly inhibited by L-NAME with dose-dependence，and this effect gradually disappeared with increasing age of neonatal rats．(5) Under the action of different doses of L-NAME，the expression level and trend of nNOS in the pylorus of neonatal mice vary at different time points．Conclusions (1) nNOS can cause gastric retention and pyloric obstruction in newborn rats，which is related to IHPS related symptoms，but may not be the only molecular mechanism of IHPS etiology．(2) The expression level of nNOS in the pyloric tissue of newborn mice can be regulated through a negative feedback regulatory mechanism．(3) Upregulation of nNOS expression may contribute to pyloric dilation，but may not completely reverse thickening and obstruction of the pylorus in IHPS．
