目的 探讨心理因素对儿童功能性腹泻的影响。方法 选取贵州省人民医院儿科2018年1月—2023年1月收治的200例功能性腹泻患儿,依照患儿年龄进行分组,将3~9岁患儿纳入儿童期观察组（n=116）、将10~14岁纳入青少年期观察组（n=84）,另选取同期体检的200名健康儿童志愿者作为对照组,将3~9岁儿童纳入儿童期对照组（n=110）、10~14岁纳入青少年期对照组（n=90）。对所有3~9岁儿童采用幼儿心理健康评定量表（CMHA-80）评价心理健康水平。对所有10~14岁儿童采用青少年版中国心理健康量表（MSSMHS）评价心理健康水平。心理因素与儿童功能性腹泻的相关性采用Spearman相关性分析,采用Logistic回归分析分析儿童功能性腹泻的影响因素。结果 儿童期观察组与对照组儿童人际关系、意志力、认知、注意力相关CMHA-80评分对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,观察组儿童适应性、社会行为、性格、自我意识、情绪情感、其他相关CMHA-80评分明显低于对照组儿童（P<0.05）;青少年期观察组与对照组儿童环境适应、人际交往相关MSSMHS评分对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,青少年期观察组儿童自我认识、情绪体验、认知效能相关MSSMHS评分低于对照组儿童（P<0.05）。儿童期儿童适应性、社会行为、性格、自我意识、情绪情感与功能性腹泻呈负相关（P<0.05）,青少年期自我认识、情绪体验、认知效能与功能性腹泻负正相关（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果表明,性格、情绪情感、其他为儿童期功能性腹泻的影响因素（P<0.05）,情绪体验、认知效能为青少年期功能性腹泻的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 心理因素对于儿童功能性腹泻具有较大影响。对于儿童期儿童来说,性格、情绪情感、其他不良习惯、抽动、睡眠、饮食等均是引发功能性腹泻的影响因素,对于青少年期来说,情绪体验、认知效能为引功能性腹泻的影响因素。

Objective To explore the influence of psychological factors on functional diarrhea in children．Methods A total of 200 children with functional diarrhea admitted to Pediatric Department of Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2023 were selected．They were grouped according to their age．Children aged 3-9 were included in the preschool observation group（n=116）,while those aged 10-14 were included in the adolescent observation group（n=84）．Additionally,200 healthy children volunteers who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group．Children aged 3-9 were included in the preschool control group（n=110）,and those aged 10-14 were included in the adolescent control group（n=90）．Use the CMHA-80 Preschool Mental Health Assessment Scale to evaluate the level of mental health for all children aged 3-9．Evaluate the mental health level of all children aged 10-14 using the MSSMHS．The correlation between psychological factors and functional diarrhea in children was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis,and the influencing factors of functional diarrhea in children were analyzed using logistic regression analysis．Results The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the CMHA-80 scores of interpersonal relationships,willpower,cognition and attention between the preschool observation group and control group（P>0.05）．The CMHA-80 scores of adaptability,social behavior,personality,self-awareness,emotions and other factors in the observation group in childhood were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）．There was no statistically significant difference in the MSSMHS scores of environmental adaptation and interpersonal communication between the adolescent observation group and control group（P>0.05）．The MSSMHS scores of self-awareness,emotional experience and cognitive efficacy in the adolescent observation group were lower than those in the adolescent control group（P<0.05）．There was a negative correlation（P<0.05）between adaptability,social behavior,personality,self-awareness,emotions and functional diarrhea in preschool children．Adolescent self-awareness,emotional experience,cognitive efficacy,and functional diarrhea were negatively and positively correlated（P<0.05）．The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that personality,emotions and other factors were the influencing factors of functional diarrhea in preschool childhood（P<0.05）．Emotional experience and cognitive efficacy were influencing factors for adolescent functional diarrhea（P<0.05）．Conclusions Psychological factors have a significant impact on functional diarrhea in children．For preschool children,personality,emotions,other bad habits,tics,sleep,diet are all factors that can cause functional diarrhea．For adolescents,emotional experience and cognitive efficacy are factors that can cause functional diarrhea．

目的 研究影响冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）患者参与心脏康复意愿的因素及干预措施。方法 选取高州市人民医院 2021年1月—2022年3月收治的624例冠心病患者为研究对象,使用自行设计的调查问卷心脏康复参与意愿调查表及西雅图心绞痛量表对患者进行调查评估,分析冠心病患者心脏康复参与意愿现状及其影响因素。结果 624例冠心病患者中,162例愿意参加（25.96%）,126例希望参加（20.19%）,66例计划参加（10.58%）;单因素分析显示影响冠心病患者心脏康复参与意愿的因素主要包括社会支持、文化水平、娱乐活动、呼吸困难及心绞痛,社会支持方面,主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度得分分别为（2.32±0.41）（2.99±0.74）（2.58±0.95）分,组间比较差异有统计学意义（F=53.428,P<0.001）;文化水平方面,初中及以下、高中及中专、大专及以上得分分别为（2.35±0.18）（2.61±0.90）（3.09±0.63）分,组间比较差异有统计学意义（F=29.947,P<0.001）;娱乐活动方面,无、偏少、正常得分分别为（2.60±0.12）（2.88±0.29）（3.13±0.72）分,组间比较差异有统计学意义（F=44.903,P<0.001）;呼吸困难方面,≥1次/天、≥1次/周、<1次/月或无得分分别为（2.09±0.84）（2.31±0.70）（3.06±0.53）分,组间比较差异有统计学意义（F=116.082,P<0.001）;心绞痛方面,≥1次/天、≥1次/周、<1次/月或无得分分别为（2.51±0.33）（2.82±0.76）（3.15±0.87）分,组间比较差异有统计学意义（F=16.442,P<0.001）;多因素分析显示影响冠心病患者心脏康复参与意愿的独立影响因素主要包括文化程度、娱乐活动、呼吸困难及社会支持,结果有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 文化程度、娱乐活动、呼吸困难及社会支持等因素是导致冠心病患者心脏康复参与意愿较低的主要原因,临床上应对此予以重视,并采取康复教育、实施延续性护理、建立支持环境等措施,促使冠心病患者积极参与到心脏康复中,从而有效改善其预后。

Objective To study the factors and intervention measures that affect the willingness of coronary heart disease patients to participate in cardiac rehabilitation．Methods A total of 624 patients with coronary heart disease admitted to Gaozhou People's Hospital from January 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the research subjects．A self-designed survey questionnaire on willingness to participate in cardiac rehabilitation and the Seattle Angina Pectoris Scale were used to investigate and evaluate the patients．The current status and influencing factors of willingness to participate in cardiac rehabilitation in coronary heart disease patients were analyzed．Results Among 624 patients with coronary heart disease,162 were willing to participate（25.96%）,126 hoped to participate（20.19%）,and 66 planned to participate（10.58%）．Uunivariate analysis showed that the main factors affecting the willingness of coronary heart disease patients to participate in cardiac rehabilitation included social support,education level,entertainment activities,breathing difficulties,and angina．In terms of social support,subjective support,objective support,and support utilization scores were（2.32±0.41）points,（2.99±0.74）points,and（2.58±0.95）points,respectively,with statistically significant differences（F=53.428,P<0.001）．In terms of education level,the scores for middle school and below,high school and vocational school,college and above were（2.35±0.18）points,（2.61±0.90）points,and（3.09±0.63）points,respectively,with statistically significant differences（F=29.947,P<0.001）．In terms of entertainment activities,the scores for none,less and normal were（2.60±0.12）points,（2.88±0.29）points,and（3.13±0.72）points,respectively,with statistically significant differences（F=44.903,P<0.001）．In terms of breathing difficulties,the scores for ≥1 time/day,≥1 time/week,<1 time/month,or no were（2.09±0.84）points,（2.31±0.70）points,and（3.06±0.53）points,respectively,with statistical significance（F=116.082,P<0.001）．In terms of angina,the scores for ≥1 time/day,≥1 time/week,<1 time/month,or no were（2.51±0.33）points,（2.82±0.76）points,and（3.15±0.87）points,respectively,with statistical significance（F=16.442,P<0.001）．Multivariate analysis showed that the independent influencing factors on the willingness of coronary heart disease patients to participate in cardiac rehabilitation mainly include education level,entertainment activities,breathing difficulties,and social support,and the results were statistically significant（P<0.05）．Conclusions Education level,entertainment activities,breathing difficulties,and social support are the main reasons for the low willingness of coronary heart disease patients to participate in cardiac rehabilitation．Clinical attention should be paid to this and measures such as rehabilitation education,implementation of continuity of care,and establishment of a supportive environment should be taken to encourage coronary heart disease patients to actively participate in cardiac rehabilitation and effectively improve their prognosis．

目的 分析音乐治疗焦虑领域研究热点的演变与趋势。方法 利用文献计量学方法对近20年（2003——2023）发表音乐治疗焦虑方面的研究与文献进行了可视化分析：对中国知网（CNKI）及Web of Science（WOS）文献库中收录的文献进行关键词（中文关键词：音乐治疗、焦虑;英文关键词：Music therapy、Anxiety）检索,利用CiteSpace 6.3 R2软件绘制知识图谱进行可视化分析。结果 通过文献的检索与筛选最终纳入中文文献506篇及英文文献1 782篇,其中国内外主要发文者为刘月芳、刘春艳、Bradt、Cold、Silverman等研究者团队,国内外主要研究机构均为高校,但国内高校相对于国外相关研究开展较为独立且合作联系较少;发文国家主要为美国、中国以及土耳其,西方国家之间的合作联系较为密切,我国开展相关跨地域研究主要是与亚洲国家进行多中心合作。国内研究热点为“音乐疗法”“心理干预”“五行音乐”等,国外研究热点为“Pain”“Depression”“Quality of life”等。结论 本文通过CiteSpace软件进行文献计量学分析发现,音乐治疗与焦虑结合是国内外研究的热点,国内研究聚焦于焦虑,而国外研究更关注音乐治疗在广泛心理问题中的应用。尽管该研究领域发展迅速,但国内外合作交流较少,国际研究团队间合作不够紧密。未来研究需进一步探索音乐治疗的机制和最佳实践方法,加强跨学科合作,利用科技创新,结合中国文化特色,以期实现音乐治疗在焦虑治疗中的更广泛应用,并提升患者的生活质量。同时,未来相关研究方法需多样化,以全面掌握研究趋势,为音乐治疗焦虑提供更有力的证据支持。

Objective To explore the evolution and trends of research hotspots in the field of music therapy for anxiety and provide reference and basis for related research．Methods Bibliometric analysis method was used to visualize and analyze the research and literature on music therapy for anxiety in the past 20 years（2003-2023）．Keyword searches were conducted in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）and Web of Science（WOS）databases,and a knowledge map was drawn using CiteSpace 6.3 R2 software for visualization analysis．Results Through the literature search and screening,506 Chinese and 1782 English literatures were included,and the main authors at home and abroad were researcher teams such as Liu Yuefang,Liu Chunyan,Bradt,Cold and Silverman．The main research institutions at home and abroad were universities,but domestic universities were more independent and had fewer collaborative relationships than foreign ones．The main publishing countries were the United States,China and Turkey,and there was closer cooperation between western countries．Multicenter cooperation with Asian countries was the main form of cross-region research in China．The research hotspots at home were “music therapy”,“psychological intervention”,“five elements music”,while the foreign research hotspots were “pain”,“depression”,and “quality of life”．Conclusions The combination of “music therapy” and “anxiety” is the main research hotspot at home and abroad in recent years．Among them,foreign scholars mainly use anxiety and other psychological problems as research topics to explore the application of music therapy to these issues,while domestic scholars focus on the research of anxiety and propose many music therapy programs for anxiety．In addition,there is relatively little cooperation and communication between domestic and foreign research sectors,and the degree of coincidence among international research teams is not high．Therefore,research teams at home and abroad should strengthen cooperation and communication．Based on the analysis of research hotspots in music therapy for anxiety in the past 20 years,this field has received considerable attention and has developed rapidly,but there are still many aspects that need to be explored and improved through continuous efforts and innovation．

脊髓损伤是一种高致残性中枢神经系统疾病,目前缺乏有效的治疗措施。干细胞组织工程兴起和神经调控技术的发展,给脊髓损伤的治疗带来新的希望。目前,多项针对脊髓损伤的干细胞相关治疗项目的临床研究已在全球注册,干细胞疗法是脊髓损伤领域的研究热点,具有良好的应用前景。而神经调控技术一直在临床上脊髓损伤后的康复治疗中发挥着重要作用,特别是靶向神经调控技术近年在脊髓损伤治疗方面取得突破性进展。有研究尝试联合干细胞疗法和神经调控技术应用治疗脊髓损伤,试图取得更好的效果。本文综述了干细胞疗法和神经调控技术在脊髓损伤治疗中的研究进展,旨在探讨其作用效果、修复机制、应用前景以及面临的问题,进一步为脊髓损伤的基础研究和临床转化提供参考。

Spinal cord injury is a highly disabling disease of the central nervous system without effective treatment to date．With the rise of stem cell and tissue engineering,and the breakthrough of neuromodulation technology,it brings new hope to the treatment of spinal cord injury．At present,a number of clinical studies on stem cell-related treatment projects for spinal cord injury have been registered worldwide,which has become a research hotspot．Neuromodulation technology has been playing an important role in the clinical rehabilitation of spinal cord injury．Especially,breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of spinal cord injury by targeted neuromodulation technology in recent years,which is encouraging．Some studies have attempted to combine stem cell therapy and neuromodulation technology to treat spinal cord injuries in an attempt to achieve better effect．This review summarizes the research progress of stem cell therapy and neuromodulation technology in the treatment of spinal cord injury,with the aim of discussing their effect,repair mechanisms,application prospect and various problems to face,and providing further reference for the basic research and clinical transformation of spinal cord injury．

在“放管服”改革的背景下,基于业财融合管理理念对医院科研物资进行一体化管理是发展趋势。但由于科研项目管理涉及众多部门,流程繁杂,致使医院科研物资管理面临诸多问题。为了改变现状,广州市某三甲医院探索构建基于业财融合的医院科研物资一体化信息系统,分别上线了科研物资采购平台和经费管理系统,并在实践中对信息系统进行了优化与设计。实践证明,该系统具有创新性和应用价值,对医院的财务管理和科研项目管理具有重要的参考意义。

Under the background of streamlining administration and delegating power,the integrated management of hospital scientific research materials based on the concept of integrating industry and finance is a development trend．However,due to the involvement of multiple departments and complicated processes in scientific research project management,the management of hospital scientific research materials faces many problems．In order to change the current situation,a Tertiary Grade A Hospital in Guangzhou explored the construction of an integrated information system for hospital scientific research materials based on the integration of industry and finance．They launched a scientific research material procurement platform and a funding management system,and optimized and designed the information system in practice．Practice has proven that the system is innovative and valuable,and it has important reference significance for the financial management and scientific research project management of hospitals．

目的 以临床二级学院附属医院的管理为例,对当下医科类高校研究生校院二级管理存在问题进行探讨。方法 对某医科高校附属医院474名临床医学研究生及9名辅导员进行调查。结果 55.56%的研究生表示导师的约束力最大,但42.56%的学生与导师是不定期沟通;39.83%的学生不认可在培养方式上严格区分培养,其中学术型硕士二年级学生中44.3%认为有一定区别,但区别不大;学院配备的学生工作管理专职人员不足、学院层级的管理制度和机制不健全和二级学院权责不清运行机制不顺畅。结论 明确医科类高校与二级附属医院之间的关系、提高治理效能激活医科类高校二级附属医院人才培养的自主性和内生动力、医科类高校二级附属医院研究生施行差异化培养和整合资源,共同提升医科高校与附属医学院的整体水平。

Objective To discuss the existing problems of secondary management in medical colleges and universities,taking the management of secondary college of affiliated hospital as an example．Methods Through the investigation of 474 clinical medical graduate students and 9 counselors in the affiliated hospital of a medical university．Results There was 55.56% of the graduate students said that the supervisor was the most binding force,but 42.56% of the students communicated with the supervisor irregularly;39.83% of the students do not recognize the strict differentiation of training methods,44.3% of the students in the second year of study believed that there was a certain difference,but the difference was not big．The college was equipped with insufficient full-time staff for student work management,the management system and mechanism at the college level were not perfect,and the power and responsibility of the second-level college were not clear and the operation mechanism is not smooth．Conclusions Clarify the relationship between medical colleges and secondary affiliated hospitals,improve governance efficiency and activate the autonomy and endogenous motivation of talent training in secondary affiliated hospitals of medical colleges and universities,implement differentiated training the graduates of secondary affiliated hospitals of medical colleges and universities,integrate resources,so as to jointly improve the overall level of medical colleges and universities and affiliated medical schools．

目的 探讨早产儿语言-社会行为情况及其影响因素,研究语言-社会行为发育与智能发育之间的关系,为早产儿保健提供指导。方法 采用自制的一般情况问卷对125例早产儿开展随访、追踪,直至2岁时,采用盖泽尔发展量表（GDS）进行语言-社会行为及智能发育评估。结果 早产儿语言发育正常43例（34.4%）,社会行为发育正常40例（32%）。早产儿语言发育商平均为（67.99±25.75）,社会行为发育商平均为（67.75±23.98）,处于发育低下水平。性别、脑出血病史、定期随访史、康复干预史、家庭干预史在语言、社会行为方面比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。不同胎儿期安胎史、胎龄、出生体质量在语言、社会行为方面比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;且胎儿期反复安胎,胎龄小,出生体质量低,语言及社会行为发育较差。与出生时无中-重度窒息史的患儿相比,出生时有中-重度窒息的患儿存在更多的语言发育异常,比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;但在社会行为发育方面比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。语言-社交行为发育落后的同时,早产儿的大运动、精细动作、适应性行为也存在落后,五大能区比较差异并均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 多数早产儿存在语言-社会行为发育落后,其同时可能伴有更多的运动和适应行为发育问题;语言-社交行为发育落后的患儿在胎儿期存在反复安胎且胎龄较小、出生体质量更低或有中-重度窒息史。对早产儿的语言-社会行为要及时给予关注,早期发现并早期干预,改善预后。

Objective To explore the language-social behavior of preterm infants and its influencing factors,to study the relationship between language-social behavior development and intellectual development,and to provide guidance for preterm infants' health care．Methods A self-administered general questionnaire was used to follow up 125 preterm infants until the age of 2 years,and Gesell development scale（GDS）was used to assess their language-social behavior and intellectual development．Results Preterm infants had normal language development in 43 cases（34.4%）and normal social behavioral development in 40 cases（32%）．The mean language development quotient of preterm infants was（67.99±25.75）and the mean social behavioral development quotient was（67.75±23.98）,which was at the low developmental level．There were no significant differences in gender,history of cerebral hemorrhage,regular follow-up,rehabilitation intervention,family intervention and language or social behavior（P>0.05）．Infants with different fetal age history,gestational age,and birth weight varied significantly in language and social behavior（P<0.05）;and with repeated miscarriage,small gestational age,low birth weight,showed poor language and social behavior development．Compared the children with and without moderate to severe asphyxia at birth,there was statistically significant differences in language development（P<0.05）,but in social behavior there was no significant difference（P>0.05）．The backward development of language-social behavior was accompanied by backwardness in gross motor,fine motor,and adaptive behavior in preterm infants,and the differences in the five major domains were all present and statistically significant（P<0.05）．Conclusions A major of preterm infants have poor language-social behavior development,which may be accompanied by more motor and adaptive behavior development problems;children with poor language-social behavior development have repeated miscarriage prevention at younger gestational ages,lower birth weights,or a history of moderate-to-severe asphyxia during the fetal period．It is important to give timely attention to language-social behavior in preterm infants for early detection and early intervention to improve prognosis．

目的 探讨胆囊结石并发肝外胆管结石经腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）联合内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）/内窥镜下括约肌切开术（EST）治疗的临床效果。方法 选取2020年1月—2023年6间就诊于南平市第一医院的86例胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石患者,根据治疗方案不同分为对照组（n=40）和观察组（n=46）。对照组给予LC联合经腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术（LCBDE）治疗,观察组给予LC联合ERCP、EST在治疗,观察两组手术相关指标情况、血管紧张素水平、肝功能以及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组患者术中出血量少于对照组的（t=12.440,P<0.001）,观察组手术用时、肛门排气时间以及住院时间均短于对照组（均P<0.001）;观察组血管紧张素1-7（Ang1-7）、血管紧张素Ⅰ（AngⅠ）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）水平低于对照组,组间比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;观察组总胆红素（TBIL）、谷氨酸转氨酶（ALT）水平低于对照组水平,组间比较差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;观察组无患者发生胆漏、结石残留,对照组胆漏、结石残留发生率分别为5.00%、2.50 %,组间对比差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）,观察组出血、胆道感染生率分别为4.35 %、2.17 %低于对照组10.00%、5.00 %,组间对比差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05。结论 LC联合ERCP/EST治疗胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石可以减少术中出血,缩短手术用时和住院时间。

Objective This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy（LC）combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography（ERCP）or endoscopic sphincterotomy（EST）in the treatment of gallbladder stones complicated by extrahepatic bile duct stones．Methods A total of 86 patients with gallbladder stones and extrahepatic bile duct stones treated at the First Hospital of Nanping from January 2020 to June 2023 were selected．According to different treatment regimens,they were divided into a control group（n=40）and an observation group（n=46）．The control group received LC combined with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration（LCBDE）,while the observation group received LC combined with ERCP and EST．Surgical-related indicators,angiotensin levels,liver function,and complications were observed in both groups．Results The observation group had less intraoperative bleeding than the control group（t=12.440,P<0.001）．The observation group had a shorter operation time,postoperative anal exhaust time,and hospital stay than the control group（all P<0.001）．The levels of angiotensin 1-7（Ang1-7）,angiotensin I（AngⅠ）,and angiotensin II（AngⅡ）in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with no statistically significant differences between the groups（all P>0.05）．Total bilirubin（TBIL）and alanine aminotransferase（ALT）levels in the observation group were comparable to those in the control group（all P>0.05）．No patients in the observation group experienced bile leakage or residual stones,while the incidence rates in the control group were 5.00% and 2.50%,respectively,with no statistically significant differences between the groups（all P>0.05）．The observation group had lower rates of bleeding and biliary tract infection at 4.35% and 2.17%,respectively,compared to the control group at 10.00% and 5.00%,with no statistically significant differences between the groups（all P>0.05）．Conclusions LC combined with ERCP/EST in the treatment of gallbladder stones complicated by extrahepatic bile duct stones can reduce intraoperative bleeding,shorten operation time,and decrease hospital stay．

目的 探讨右美托咪定（Dex）分别联合丙泊酚或依托咪酯在颅内动脉瘤介入术中的镇静效果及对患者血流动力学的影响。方法 将60例颅内动脉瘤介入术患者按照随机数表法分为A组（Dex+丙泊酚,n=30）、B组（Dex+依托咪酯,n=30）。记录两组不同时间点的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）,比较苏醒期的镇静效果、呛咳程度、拔管时间、苏醒时间、清醒时间及术后不良反应。结果 A组患者T₁MAP、HR为（84.56±5.13）mmHg、（65.87±5.14）次/分和T₂（83.29±5.47）mmHg、（65.87±5.14）次/分均低于B组T₁（87.89±3.88）mmHg、（70.22±5.67）次/分和T₂（86.71±3.75）mmHg、（69.97±5.87）次/分（t分别为2.836、2.825、3.113、3.391,均P<0.001）。两组苏醒期各项指标和躁动（10.00% vs 0%,P=0.757）、呼吸抑制发生率（3.33% vs 0%,P=0.313）比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）,A组恶心、呕吐发生率（3.33%）较B组（20.00%）更低（χ²=4.043,P=0.044）。结论 Dex联合丙泊酚、依托咪酯麻醉在颅内动脉瘤介入术中均可发挥良好安全的麻醉作用,降低患者术后躁动和呼吸抑制的发生率,使用Dex联合依托咪酯在患者围插管期的血流动力学的稳定性效果更好,但在降低患者术后恶心呕吐的风险方面效果较差。

Objective To evaluate the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine（Dex）combined with propofol or etomidate during cerebral aneurysm intervention and its effect on patient hemodynamics．Methods A total of 60 cerebral aneurysm patients were randomly divided into two groups：Group A（Dex + propofol,n=30）and Group B（Dex + etomidate,n=30）．Mean arterial pressure（MAP）and heart rate（HR）were recorded at different time points in the two groups,and the sedation effect,choking degree,extubation time,waking up time,waking time and postoperative side effects were compared．Results T₁ MAP,HR of（84.56±5.13）mmHg,（65.87±5.14）times / min and T₂（83.29±5.47）mmHg,（65.87±5.14）times / min in group A were lower than those in group B T₁（87.89±3.88）mmHg,（70.22±5.67）times / min and T₂（86.71±3.75）mmHg,（69.97±5.87）times / min（t=2.836,2.825,3.113,3.391,all P<0.001）．There was no significant difference in the incidence of emergence agitation（10.00 % vs 0.00 %,P=0.757）and respiratory depression（3.33 % vs 0.00 %,P=0.313）between the two groups（P>0.05）．The incidence of nausea and vomiting in group A（3.33 %）was lower than that in group B（20.00 %）（χ²=4.043,P=0.044）．Conclusions Dex combined with propofol and etomidate anesthesia can have a good and safe anesthesia effect in intracranial aneurysm intervention,and reduce the incidence of postoperative agitation and respiratory depression in patients．Hemodynamic stabilization during the tube phase is more effective,but less effective in reducing the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients．

目的 评价早产儿经胃管喂养后采用空气冲管的应用效果。方法 选择2021年1月–2021年12月广州市第一人民医院收治的经胃管喂养后采用温水冲管的60例早产儿为对照组,选择2022年1月–2022年12月收治的经胃管喂养后采用空气冲管的57例早产儿为研究组。喂养1周后,比较两组患儿体质量增加量、血清白蛋白浓度增加量、大便量、喂养不耐受发生率、胃管堵塞率等指标的差异。结果 无患儿发生胃管堵塞。研究组的血清白蛋白浓度增加量[（2.86±5.61）g/L]高于对照组[（0.84±5.27）g/L]（P<0.05）,而两组患儿在体质量增加量、大便量、喂养不耐受发生率等方面比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示空气冲管为血清白蛋白浓度增加量的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 采用空气进行胃管冲管的方法可改善早产儿的营养状态。

Objective To evaluate the effects of flushing gastric tube by air after feeding in premature infants．Methods A total of 60 premature infants admitted to Guangzhou First People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 whose gastric tube were flushed with water after feeding were selected as the control group,while 57 admitted from January 2022 to December 2022 whose gastric tube were flushed with air after feeding were selected as the study group．After 1 week of feeding,the differences of weight increase,serum albumin concentration increase,stool volume,feeding intolerance incidence and gastric tube blockage rate were compared between the 2 groups．Results No gastric tube blockage occurred．The increase of serum albumin concentration in the study group[（2.86±5.61）g/L] was significantly higher than that in the control group[（0.84±5.27）g/L]（P<0.05）,but there were no significant differences in weight increase,stool volume and feeding intolerance incidence between the 2 groups．Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the flushing gastric tube with air was an independent influencing factor for the increase of serum albumin（P<0.05）．Conclusions Flushing gastric tube with air can improve the nutritional status of premature infants,which is worthy of clinical application．