目的 分析无偿献血者丙型肝炎病毒核酸（HCV RNA）、丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）及丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）检测结果之间的相关性。方法 采用惠州市中心血站2016年1月—2017年2月间采集的350例无偿献血者的抗-HCV阳性血液标本,应用速率法对其ALT水平进行测定;应用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）检测法对HCV RNA水平进行检测,并对抗-HCV检测中S/CO值范围进行分组,分别为A（1.0~3.79）、B（3.80~4.99）、C（≥5.00）三组,观察S/CO值与HCV RNA阳性率之间的关系,进一步反应HCV RNA与抗-HCV之间的关系。结果 350例抗-HCV阳性标本阳性率为59.14%,在350例抗-HCV阳性标本进行HCV检测中,HCV RNA阳性患者ALT检测异常率为2.41%,HCV RNA阴性患者ALT检测异常率为1.4%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,HCV RNA阳性患者的ALT均值明显比HCV RNA阴性患者高（P<0.05）,A组HCV阳性率为5.26%,B组HCV阳性率为75.12%,C组HCV阳性率为56.94%,A、B组之间比较（P<0.05）,A、C组之间比较（P<0.05）,B、C组之间比较（P<0.05）,阳性患者的年龄比阴性患者高（P<0.05）,阳性患者和阴性患者的性别因素无差异（P>0.05）。结论 HCV RNA阳性率和抗-HCV中S/CO值之间存在相关性,抗-HCV阳性献血者ALT异常率和HCV RNA之间无相关性,且HCV RNA与感染献血者的年龄之间存在相关性。

目的 探讨妊娠期高血糖患者母体胰岛β细胞自身抗体对新生儿的影响。方法 选取2014年3月—2016年3月于我院就诊的口服75 g葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)异常的孕妇共276例,以60例健康孕妇作为对照组,分别在产前和OGTT试验后空腹抽取静脉血进行检测,检测指标包括谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)、胰岛细胞抗体(ICA) )和胰岛素自身抗体(IAA),记录每个出生患儿的体重、Apgar评分、血糖指标进行分析。结果 276例GDM患者中34.41%至少存在一种相关抗体阳性,GDM组GADA阳性、IAA阳性和阴性的搏动指数异常比例均高于健康组(P<0.05),IAA阳性的胎儿生长受限比例比例较GDM组抗体阴性的比例高(P<0.05),妊娠晚期胰岛细胞抗体阳性(OR:6.41,95%CI:1.41~34.13)均为新生儿产后进入ICU进行监护的风险因素,妊娠中、晚期GADA阳性(OR:10.26,95%CI:1.42~75.14) 和妊娠晚期GADA阳性(OR:8.15,95%CI:1.43~46.83)均为新生儿窒息的风险因素 。结论 妊娠晚期胰岛细胞抗体阳性为新生儿产后进入ICU进行监护的风险因素,妊娠中、晚期GADA阳性是新生儿窒息的风险因素。

目的 探讨早期康复护理干预对胸腰椎骨折内固定术后患者的临床护理效果。方法 2014年6月—2016年12月,将94例胸腰椎骨折内固定术后患者按数字随机法,分为实验组51例和对照组43例,分别实进行早期康复护理和常规性护理。比较两组患者胸腰背部功能状况、胸腰背部疼痛情况、术后抑郁水平,以及护理满意度等相关指标,以评价早期康复护理的效果。结果 94例患者均获得3个月随访。与对照组比较,实验组患者平均住院天数减少4.1 d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);平均住院费用也有所下降;实验组和对照组总并发症发生率分别为7.84%和20.9%,两组间比较差异有统计学意义;实验组的护理工作满意度高达90.20%,高于对照组的67.44%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月随访时,Oswestry功能障碍评分实验组为(14.74±3.25),低于对照组的(20.04±5.32)(P<0.05); SDS评分实验组的为42.35±3.68,低于对照组的(47.28±3.49)(P<0.05);胸腰背痛VAS评分实验组的为(1.07±0.67),低于对照组的(2.62±1.86)(P<0.05)。结论 早期康复护理干预是促进胸腰椎骨折内固定术后患者快速康复的有效方法,提高患者对护理工作的满意度,值得推广应用。

Objective To evaluate and compare the outcomes of early rehabilitation nursing and routine nursing care for patients with thoracolumbar bursting fracture after internal fixation. Methods From June 2014 to December 2016, this study enrolled ninety-four subjects who were randomly divided into observe group with fifty-one cases and control group with forty-three cases according to the digital random method. Patients in the control group were treated with routine nursing care, and early rehabilitation nursing care were used in the observe group. The physical function of thoracolumbar spine, psychological condition, pain of thoracolumbar spine, nursing satisfaction and soon. were compared between the two groups. Results The average days of hospital stay in the observation group was 4.10 days, it was less than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Average hospital costs were also declined. The total complication rate were 7.84% in observe group and 20.9% in control group, there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction was 90.20% in observe group, which was higher than 67.44% in that in control group (P<0.05). When follow-up three months after operation, the ODI score in experiment group was(14.74±3.25), which was lower than that (20.04±5.32)in control group (P<0.05). The SDS score in experiment group was (42.35±3.68), which was lower than that (47.28±3.49)in control group(P<0.05). And the VAS score in experiment group was (1.07±0.67), which was lower than that(2.62 ±1.86)in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Early rehabilitation nursing care is effective to the rapid functional recovery for patients with thoracolumbar bursting fracture after internal fixation, and improves the nursing satisfaction.

目的 探索长链非编码RNA LINC00672在肺癌组织中的表达及其与患者预后的关系。方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测LINC00672在75对肺癌组织和癌旁正常组织中的表达,分析其在癌组织中的表达水平与肺癌患者临床分期和预后的关联。结果 LINC00672在肺癌组织中的表达显著低于癌旁正常组织(P=0.026),LINC00672高表达与低表达相比能显著降低肺癌患者的死亡率(死亡风险比=0.46;95%置信区间=0.23~0.95;P=0.036),延长患者中位生存期(34个月 vs 18个月,P=0.027)。并且,LINC00672与肺癌预后的关联在低年龄组(<60 a)、吸烟者和非饮酒者中更为显著。进一步相乘交互作用分析显示LINCOO672与饮酒在肺癌死亡风险上具有显著的交互效应(P=0.049)。然而,LINC00672的表达水平在不同分期、T、N、M患者来源的肺癌组织中的表达无显著性差异。结论 LINC00672与肺癌发生发展存在关联,可用于预测肺癌患者的预后。

Objective To explore the expression status of long non-coding RNA LINC00672 in lung cancer tissues and its correlation with survival of lung cancer. Methods We applied the real-time PCR method to measure the expression level of LINC00672 in 53 pairs of lung cancer tissues and adjacent lung normal tissues, and analyzed the correlation between its expression and survival of lung cancer. Results LINC00672 was significantly down-regulated in lung cancer tissues than their adjacent lung normal tissues (P=0.026). Compared to those with low expression level of LINC00672, patients with high expression level of LINC00672 exerted a significant long median survival time than those with low expression level (34 vs 18 months, P=0.027). High LINC00672 expression also contributed to low mortality rate than low LINC00672 expression (hazard ratio=0.46, 95% confidence interval =0.23-0.95, P=0.036). Meanwhile, the correlation was more evident in those low age groups (< 60 years), smokers and non-drinkers. There was also a significant interaction between LINC00672 and drinking on affecting death risk of lung cancer. However, no significant association was observed between LINC00672 expression and clinical stages as well as T, N, M status. Conclusion LINC00672 is correlated with development of lung cancer, which may be a valuable biomarker to predict lung cancer prognosis.

国际功能、残疾和健康分类(international classification of functioning, Disability and Health,ICF)是一种可用于描述健康状况和与健康有关的状况的国际分类。本文回顾了2001年至今开发的ICF检查表、特定疾病的ICF核心组合、通用型ICF组合以及ICF功能障碍组合的研究状况,指出ICF在使用过程中的不足与缺陷,认为应完善ICF内容,并在国际范围内促进各类ICF组合在临床、科学研究中的应用。

International classification of functioning, disability and health (referred to as ICF) can be used to describe the health status and health-related conditions. This article reviewed ICF checklist, ICF core sets for specific diseases, generic ICF set and ICF disability set since 2001 and pointed out the deficiencies of ICF. More contents should be added to ICF. The international application of ICF sets in clinical medicine and researches will be expanded.

目的 探讨手动杠杆式胸外按压心肺复苏(CPR)装置对院内心肺复苏按压质量和复苏疲劳的影响。方法 将12名医学生志愿者分为手动杠杆式胸外按压CPR装置组(LDCPR)(n=6)和徒手标准CPR组(STCPR)(n=6)模拟院内心肺复苏场景进行CPR试验。LDCPR组采用手动杠杆式胸外按压CPR装置对模拟人进行连续6min连续胸外按压,STCPR组徒手对模拟人进行6min连续胸外按压。监测复苏期间按压的深度、频率以及按压者的心率和疲劳程度等变化。结果 随着连续胸外按压的进行,按压者的心率和疲劳程度都在不断增加,有效按压深度超过5 cm次数逐渐减少,但是在连续胸外按压的第4～6min,LDCPR组按压者的心率较STCPR组慢(P<0.05),疲劳程度较轻(P<0.05),有效按压的比例更高(P<0.05)。按压频率两组比较无明显差异。结论 在本模拟人试验中,手动杠杆式胸外按压CPR装置可减轻按压者疲劳,有助于提高院内CPR时长时间胸外按压的质量。

Objective We aimed to investigate simulated in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality and rescuer fatigue of external chest compression-only CPR by a manual leverage device(LDCPR). Methods All 12 volunteers (medical staffs: male 6 and female 6) were randomized to standard CPR by hand(STCPR)group (n=6)or LDCPR group(n=6). At STCPR group, continuous external chest compression-only was performed for 6 minutes to simulate in hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a manikin; at LDCPR group, compression-only was performed for 6 minutes by a leverage device on a manikin. We measured blood pressure of the volunteers before and after performing each CPR technique, volunteers self-report fatigue scale and continuously monitored heart rate (HR) of the volunteers during each CPR technique by smart ring. CPR quality measures included chest compression rate and depth. Results During continuous external chest compression-only CPR, compressor's heart rate and fatigue scale were rising continuously, and percent of compress depth >5 cm were declining, too.Compressor's heart rate and fatigue scale were higher in the STCPR group than in the LDCPR group (P<0.05) during the fourth to sixth minutes CPR (P<0.05). Percent of compress depth > 5 cm was higher in the LDCPR group than in the STCPR group (P<0.05) during the fourth to sixth minutes of CPR (P<0.05).Compress rate had not differed between the 2 groups during CPR. Conclusion In the manikin study, manual leverage external chest compress device may reduce fatigue scale and improve long term compression quality during in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

目的 探讨盐酸普萘洛尔凝胶外涂治疗婴幼儿浅表性血管瘤的疗效及安全性。方法 选取我院2015年5月—2017年5月收治的60例患有浅表性血管瘤的婴幼儿为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,各30例。对照组口服盐酸普萘洛尔片治疗,观察组采用质量浓度为5 g/L的(20 g∶100 mg)盐酸普萘洛尔凝胶外涂方法治疗,疗程3个月。观察两组患者治疗效果及不良反应情况。结果 治疗后,采用Achauer评定疗效,观察组Ⅰ级患儿1例,Ⅱ级患儿6例,Ⅲ级患儿12例,Ⅳ级患儿8例,Ⅴ级患儿3例,总有效率为96.67%(29/30),对照组Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级、Ⅴ级分别为2例、8例、10例、6例、4例,总有效率为93.33%(28/30),两组患者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者治疗后血管瘤血流峰值及阻力系数较治疗前均得到改善(P<0.05),而两组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不良反应情况,除观察组发生3例涂抹部位发红外,两组患者均未发生严重不良反应。结论 采用盐酸普萘洛尔凝胶外涂治疗婴幼儿浅表性血管瘤疗效显著,安全可靠,临床上值得进一步推广。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Propranolol hydrochloride gel in the external application treatment of superficial hemangioma in infants. Methods We selected 60 infants with superficial hemangioma treated in our hospital from May 2015 to May 2017 and to randomly divide them into the observation group and the control group, each with 30 cases. The control group was treated with Propranolol hydrochloride tablets, and the observation group was treated with 0.5% (20 g∶100 mg) Propranolol hydrochloride gel external application method, the course of treatment was 3 months.We observed the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of the two groups. Results After treatment, with the Achauer evaluation, patients with grade Ⅰ had 1 case, grade Ⅱ 6 cases, grade Ⅲ 12 cases, grade Ⅳ 8 cases, Ⅴ-grade 3 cases, and the total effective rate was 96.67% (29/30), while the grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ in the control group included 2 cases, 8 cases, 10 cases, 6 cases, 4 cases, and the total effective rate was 93.33% (28/30), there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05); The hemangioma peak flow and resistance coefficient of patients in the two groups were significantly improved than that before the treatment (P<0.05), and all with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). As to the adverse reactions, except the applying parts of 3 cases having rubefaction occurred in the observation group, two groups of patients had no serious adverse reactions. Conclusion External application of Propranolol hydrochloride gel in the treatment of superficial hemangioma in infants is effective, safe and reliable. It is worthy of further promotion in clinic.

目的 探讨动力髋螺钉(dynamic hip screws,DHS)内固定与股骨近端解剖钢板在不同类型股骨粗隆间骨折中的应用价值。方法 研究对象取自于我院2013年11月—2014年11月收治的76例不同类型股骨粗隆间骨折患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组。对照组采用DHS内固定治疗;观察组用股骨近端解剖钢板治疗。统计两组患者手术时间等手术指标,记录并发症发生情况,随访6个月调查患者骨折愈合优良率。结果 观察组手术时间、术中出血量及术中输血量[(83.6±13.8)min、(236.5±27.3)mL和(208.3±86.6)mL]均优于对照组(P<0.05);较对照组,观察组术后并发症发生率13.2%低,骨折愈合优良率81.5%高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 为确保获得理想治疗效果,临床应结合股骨粗隆间骨折患者的骨折类型选择合适方法。股骨近端解剖钢板手术时间短、术中出血量少,术后并发症发生率低,优势更明显。

目的 探讨小脑延髓池注射纳洛酮对心肺复苏大鼠脑神经保护的作用机制。方法 将30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、常规复苏组和纳洛酮复苏组。采用窒息法建立大鼠心脏骤停模型,复苏的同时给予药物治疗。恢复自主循环(ROSC)后24 h取脑组织,荧光定量PCR法检测脑组织c-Fos mRNA表达水平,免疫组化法检测脑组织c-Fos蛋白的表达。结果 与常规复苏组比较,纳洛酮可显著降低大鼠脑组织c-Fos mRNA及蛋白表达量(P<0.01)。结论 小脑延髓池注射纳洛酮可及时有效的作用于c-Fos基因,发挥脑神经保护作用。

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of naloxone injected into cisterna magna on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Thirty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) group and naloxone CPR group. Asphyxiation was used to set up rat cardiac arrest model, and corresponding drugs were given when the resuscitation was carried out. The Brain tissues were taken at 24 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC). Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemical was used to detect the expression of c-Fos proteins was used to detect the expression of c-Fos mRNA level. Results Compared with the conventional CPR group, Naloxone could significantly decrease the expression of c-Fos protein and c-Fos mRNA in rat brain. Conclusion Naloxone injected into cisterna magna can promptly and effectively act on c-Fos gene, playing a neuroprotective role.

目的 探究孕妇血清PAPP-A、IR与妊娠期糖尿病的临床相关性。方法 以我院2013年4月—2014年4月期间收治的160例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇作为观察组,以同期收治的妊娠期正常孕妇作为对照组。对比分析两组孕妇血清PAPP-A含量与IR计算值差异。结果 观察组孕妇血清PAPP-A水平低于对照组,而IR计算值明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 孕妇血清PAPP-A与IR水平与妊娠期糖尿病相关性显著,妊娠期糖尿病患者血清PAPP-A明显降低,而IR则明显增加,可为临床诊断提供参考依据。

Objective To explore the clinical relevance of the pregnant women serum PAPP -a, IR and gestational diabetes. Methods The 160 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus were treated in our hospital from April 2013 to April 2014 as the observation group, and the normal pregnant women were treated as the control group. The differences of serum PAPP-A levels and IR values in the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The serum PAPP-A level of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, while the IR value was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The level of serum PAPP-A and IR in pregnant women is significantly related to the gestational diabetes mellitus. The serum PAPP-A of the patients with gestational diabetes is significantly decreased, while the IR is significantly increased, which can provide reference for clinical diagnosis.