目的 评估医院-社区-家庭一体化康复护理模式对慢性创面患者生活质量及创面愈合的潜在影响。方法 选择2023年1月—2024年6月在广州市第一人民医院接受治疗的慢性创面患者80例作为研究对象,所有患者在住院期间均接受基于溃疡面积、深度及是否合并感染等因素的综合治疗,包括彻底清创、创缘处理、负压治疗、感染控制等治疗,并接受常规护理。出院前,通过随机数字表法将患者分为两组,每组40例。两组患者在住院期间均接受常规护理,出院后,对照组接受延续护理并定期复查。干预组40例患者在出院后接受医院-社区-家庭一体化康复护理模式。入组时及护理3个月后,使用生活质量调查表(SF-36)对患者生活质量和创面愈合率进行评估。结果 干预组创面愈合率为(32.61±4.26)%,高于对照组(11.48±1.04)%,差异具有统计学意义(t=19.473,P<0.05)。两组患者在护理3个月后的数字评定量表评分和创面疼痛频率评分均较入组时降低(P<0.05)。其中干预组护理3个月后的创面VAS评分为(1.82±0.17)分,创面疼痛频率评分为(1.28±0.25)分;而对照组分别为(3.91±0.22)分和(2.63±0.37)分,干预组低于对照组(P<0.05)。此外,干预组在护理后3个月的总体健康、生理功能、生理职能、精神健康、情感功能、社会功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。在居家3个月期间,干预组的感染发生率为5.00%,而对照组为17.50%,干预组感染发生率低于对照组(χ 2 =3.781,P<0.05)。结论 本研究表明,医院-社区-家庭一体化康复护理模式干预能够促进慢性创面患者的创面愈合,降低居家期间感染的风险,并提升患者的生活质量。
Objective To assess the potential impact of the integrated hospital-community-home rehabilitation nursing model on the quality of life and wound healing in patients with chronic wounds.Methods A total of 80 patients with chronic wounds treated at the Guangzhou First People’s Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study subjects.All patients received comprehensive treatment during their hospital stay,including thorough debridement,edge treatment,vacuum therapy,infection control and routine nursing care.Prior to discharge,the patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table,with 40 patients in each group.Both groups received routine nursing care during their hospital stay,and the control group received continuing nursing care and regular follow-up after discharge.Forty patients in the intervention group received the integrated hospital-community-home rehabilitation nursing model after discharge.Quality of life(QoL)and wound healing rates were assessed using the Short Form 36(SF-36)questionnaire at the time of enrollment and 3 months after nursing.Results The wound healing rate in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group ([32.61±4.26]% vs [11.48±1.04]%),with a statistical difference(t=19.473,P<0.05).The numerical rating scale(NRS)scores and frequency of wound pain scores decreased in both groups 3 months after nursing compared to the enrollment period(P<0.05).Specifically,the VAS score for wound pain in the intervention group 3 months after nursing was(1.82±0.17),and the frequency of wound pain was(1.28±0.25),in the control group,these scores were(3.91±0.22)and(2.63±0.37),respectively,with the intervention group scoring significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the scores for overall health,physical function,role physical,mental health,emotional function,and social function in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group 3 months after nursing(P<0.05).During the 3-month home recovery period,the incidence of infection in the intervention group was 5.00%,whereas it was 17.50% in the control group,with the intervention group showing a lower incidence of infection(χ 2 =3.781,P<0.05).Conclusions This study demonstrates that the hospital-community-home integrated rehabilitation care model intervention can promote wound healing in chronic wound patients,reduce the risk of infection during home care,and significantly improve patients’ quality of life.
目的 探讨预防性风险管理在肌层浸润性膀胱癌根治术后的应用效果及对术后生活质量影响。方法 选取2020年6月—2023年10月安阳市肿瘤医院收治的66例肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者,应用抽签法分为观察组(n=33)与对照组(n=33)。所有患者均采取根治性全膀胱切除术与淋巴清扫术治疗,对照组患者术后实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上增加预防性风险管理。对比两组术后尿量、胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间,干预前后病耻感及负面情绪、术后并发症发生率,最后对比两组干预前后生活质量变化。结果 两组患者术后尿量对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术后胃肠功能恢复时间为(5.27±0.82)d,术后住院时间为(18.31±3.27)d,短于对照组的(7.25±1.12)(23.27±4.18)d,对比差异有统计学意义(t分别为8.194、5.369,P<0.05);干预后两组患者病耻感量表(SSCI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分均降低,观察组分别为(35.67±7.45)(40.02±2.43)(45.36±4.17)分,低于对照组的(48.27±10.69)(54.54±3.54)(51.37±4.38)分,对比差异有统计学意义(t分别为5.555、19.426、5.709,P<0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率为9.09%,低于对照组的30.30%(χ 2 =4.690,P=0.030);干预后两组膀胱癌特异性模块、功能状况、精神状况、家庭/社会状况及躯体状况相关维度膀胱癌患者生活质量量表(FACT-BL)评分均升高,观察组分别为(34.27±3.26)(25.11±4.23)(21.51±4.23)(25.02±4.43)(20.56±3.11)分,高于对照组的(27.00±4.34)(21.11±3.24)(16.12±2.12)(21.54±5.54)(15.87±4.13)分,对比差异有统计学意义(t分别为7.694、4.313、6.544、2.818、5.211,P<0.05)。结论 预防性风险管理在肌层浸润性膀胱癌根治术后的应用效果显著,可缩短患者术后胃肠功能恢复时间及住院时间,改善患者负面情绪,有助减少术后并发症,提升患者生活质量。
Objective To explore the effect of preventive risk management on postoperative application and quality of life of myometrial invasive bladder cancer patients after radical surgery.Methods A total of 66 patients with myometrial invasive bladder cancer admitted to Anyang Cancer Hospital from June 2020 to October 2023 were selected as research objects,and were divided into observation group(n=33)and control group(n=33)by lot drawing.All patients were treated with radical total cystectomy and lymph node dissection.The control group received routine nursing care after surgery,while the observation group received preventive risk management in addition to the control group.The postoperative urine output,recovery time of gastrointestinal function,and hospitalization time between two groups were compared,as well as the shame and negative emotions before and after intervention,the incidence of postoperative complications,and the changes in quality of life between the two groups before and after intervention.Results There was no significant difference in postoperative urine volume between the two groups of patients(P>0.05),and the postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery time(5.27±0.82)d,postoperative hospitalization time(18.31±3.27)d were shorter than the control group[(7.25±1.12)d,(23.27±4.18)d],with statistical significantce(t=8.194,5.369,P<0.05).After intervention,the Stigma Scale of Chronic Illness(SSCI),Self Rating Depression Scale(SDS),and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)in both groups of patients decreased,and the observation group[(35.67±7.45),(40.02±2.43),(45.36±4.17)]scored lower than the control group[(48.27±10.69),(54.54±3.54),(51.37±4.38)],statistically significant(t=5.555,19.426,5.709,P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was significantly lower at 9.09% compared to the control group at 30.30%(χ 2 =4.690,P=0.030,P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of bladder cancer specific module,functional status,mental status,family/social status and physical status related dimensions of bladder cancer patients’ quality of life scale for bladder cancer patients(FACT-BL)in both groups increased,and the observation group[(34.27±3.26),(25.11±4.23),(21.51±4.23),(25.02±4.43),(20.56±3.11)] scored higher than the control group[(27.00±4.34),(21.11±3.24),(16.12±2.12),(21.54±5.54),(15.87±4.13)],the comparison was statistically significant(t=7.694,4.313,6.544,2.818,5.211,P<0.05).Conclusions Preventive risk management has a significant effect on the application of myometrial invasive bladder cancer after radical surgery,which can shorten the recovery time of gastrointestinal function and hospital stay,improve patients’ negative emotions,assist in preventing postoperative complications,and improve patients’ quality of life.
目的 开发适合中国肾癌患者的生命质量测定量表的特异模块。方法 采用议题小组和核心小组的程序化决策方式,提出条目池,形成初步量表,采用医生及患者重要性评分法、相关系数法、变异度法、因子分析法和克朗巴赫系数α对20例肾癌患者和20名医护人员进行的数据进行统计分析。结果 经过上述方法进行筛检,结合专家小组的建议,最终得到含有11个条目的肾癌生命质量测定量表的特异模块。结论 肾癌的生命质量测定量表特异模块严格按照程序执行,具有较好的内容效度。
Objective To develop the specific module of the quality of life instruments for patients with renal cancer(QLICP-RE).Methods With the structured group(nominal group and focus group)methods,the item pool was put forward and a preliminary instrument was formed.The data from 20 renal cancer patients and 20 doctors/nurses were analyzed by statistical procedures.Doctors and patients’ importance rating procedure,correlation analysis,method of coefficient of variation,factor analysis,and Cronbach’s α.Results By above statistical procedures and advises of expert panel,11-items of the specific module were formed finally.Conclusions The specific module of QLICP-RE developed on the strict procedures has good content validity and representativeness.