目的 探讨同步放化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床疗效。方法 选取我院2014年收治的晚期NSCLC患者102例,随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组以紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗方案(TP)化疗治疗,观察组加用三维适形放疗同步放化疗治疗,观察两组的临床疗效和不良反应。结果 观察组和对照组患者的总有效率分别为43.14%和21.57% (P<0.05),两组患者的总控制率分别为84.31%和66.67% (P<0.05)。两组患者Ⅲ～Ⅳ级胃肠道反应、白细胞减少、骨髓抑制的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组比对照组增加了放射性肺炎和放射性食管炎的发生 (P<0.05)。两组患者生活质量比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 同步放化疗治疗晚期NSCLC可以显著提高治疗的总有效率、肿瘤的控制率及生活质量,但也使不良反应增加,选择治疗方案时应根据个体情况综合考虑。

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods 102 cases of advanced NSCLC treated in our hospital in 2014 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. Patients in control group were treated by chemotherapy with Paclitaxel combined Cisplatin (TP), while those in observation group were treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy with three- dimensional conformal radiotherapy and TP. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed. Results The total effective rate of the observation group and the control group were 43.14% and 21.57% (P<0.05), respectively. The total control rate of the two groups were 84.31% and 66.67%(P<0.05). In two groups III ~ IV gastrointestinal tract reaction, leukopenia, bone marrow suppression occurrence had no statistical significance(P>0.05). Incidence of radiation pneumonitis and radiation esophagitis increased in observation group(P<0.05). The difference of quality of life between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment ofadvanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)can not only significantly improve the treatment, tumor control rate and quality of life, but also make adverse reaction increased. Treatment options should be chosen based on individual circumstances into account

目的 探讨注射用黄芪多糖对宫颈癌化疗患者骨髓抑制的影响。方法 选取2012年11月—2015年10月于我院接受治疗的宫颈癌患者110例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各55例,两组患者均接受紫杉醇联合顺铂同步放疗,而观察组患者在此基础上接受每日静脉滴注注射用黄芪多糖治疗,连续应用10天。对比分析两组患者的临床疗效以及治疗前后的血象。结果 经过治疗后,观察组的治疗总有效率为61.81%,明显高于对照组的38.18%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者经过放化疗后其白细胞、红细胞和血小板计数均有不同程度的降低,而与对照组相比,观察组患者下降不明显。结论 注射用黄芪多糖可以减轻宫颈癌放化疗所致的骨髓抑制,对骨髓具有一定的保护作用,在临床治疗宫颈癌的过程中值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of astragalus polysaccharides on protecting marrow suppression of cervical carcinoma after chemotherapy. Methods 110 cases of patients with cervical carcinoma treated in our hospital from November 2012 to October 2015 in our hospital were selected and divided into control group and observation group, each group contains 55 cases. Both groups of patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin, and the observation group additionally received intravenous injection of astragalus polysaccharides for 10 days, to compare the hemogram before and after treatments between two groups. Results After treatments, the total effective rate of the observation group was 61.81%, significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); The white blood cell, red blood cell and platelet count reduced in two goups after treatment. Compared with the control group, there was no significant decrease in the observation group. Conclusion Astragalus polysaccharides injection may reduce the marrow suppression induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer, and it has a protective effect on the bone marrow.

目的 探讨Bcl-2、COX-2在宫颈癌新辅助化疗前后表达的意义, 以及新辅助化疗(NACT)对宫颈癌的近期临床疗效。方法 对32例宫颈癌患者,采集NACT治疗前后的宫颈癌组织标本,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测组织中的Bcl-2及COX-2表达。结果 ①经NACT后,治疗总有效率(CR+PR)为75%,无效率(PD+SD)为25%。②宫颈癌组织中Bcl-2、COX-2的表达均出现明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);临床有效组中Bcl-2、COX-2的表达在NACT后出现显著下降(P<0.05),无效组中Bcl-2、COX-2的表达在NACT前后无明显统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 Bcl-2、COX-2的表达情况对评价宫颈癌患者新辅助化疗效具有肯定的临床意义,宫颈癌行NACT后近期疗效良好。

Objective To investigate the expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 in cervical cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; To evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) for cervical cancer in the recent clinical effects. Methods To select 32 cases of patients with cervical cancer, collect the cervical cancer tissues before and after NACT, immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2and COX-2 in the tissues. Results After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, total effective rate (CR+PR) was 75%(24/32), inefficient rate(PD+SD) was 25%(8/32). The expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 of cervical cancer patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), before and after, had great differences. The difference had statistical significance (P<0.05); The expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 were significantly lower after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in clinical effective group(P<0.05), there is no statistical significance in clinical non-effective group(P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2 of cervical cancer patients has certain clinical significance in evaluating the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Recent curative effect after NACT in the cervical cancer patients is good.

目的 观察改良INP方案对肺腺癌伴有脑转移患者的临床疗效及毒副作用,并探讨该方案疗效与Ⅲ型β微管蛋白(β-tubulin-Ⅲ)在肺癌组织中表达水平的关系。方法 收集2010年4月—2013年1月广州医科大学附属第一医院胸外科收治的15例肺腺癌伴有脑转移患者的临床资料。所有患者均采用改良INP方案治疗,使用RECIST 1.0标准进行判定。结果 脑转移瘤取得CR 1例(1/15),PR 5例(5/15),SD 4例(4/15),PD 5例 (5/10),该方案对脑转移瘤的总缓解率(overall response rate,ORR)为40%,疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)达66.7%,毒副作用轻度可控;Ⅲ型β微管蛋白低表达对该方案的疗效有优于高表达的趋势。结论 肺腺癌伴有脑转移患者采用改良INP方案进行化疗,脑转移瘤临床疾病控制率较高,耐受性良好;肿瘤组织β-tubulin-Ⅲ表达水平可能与该方案的疗效相关。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy of modified INP regimen in the treatment of adenocarcinoma with brain metastases. At the same time,to explore the relationship between expression of β-tubulin-Ⅲ in NSCLC biopsies and sensitivity to this modified INP regimen. Methods The clinical data of 15 adenocarcinoma with brain metastases patients who had been admitted to the first affiliated hospital of Guangzhou medical university from April 2010 to January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received modified INP regimen.RECIST 1.0 was taken to know the result. Results For brain metastasis of the 15 patients, complete response (CR) and partial response(PR) were 1 and 5 patients, respectively. 4 patients were stable disease (SD) and progression disease(PD) in 5 patients. The overall response rate(ORR) was 40% and the disease control rate(DCR) was 66.7%. The toxicity was mild. Furthermore, we found NSCLC patients with low β-tubulin-Ⅲexpression had better ORR than those with high expression. Conclusion The modified INP regimen is effective and well-tolerable for brain metastases of adenocarcinoma. The β-tubulin-Ⅲ expression may be associated with the efficacy of this regimen.

       目的   分析贝伐珠单抗与化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者4种错配修复蛋白（MSH2、MLHI、MSH6、PMS2）水平影响。方法   选择2022年1月—2024年1月江苏省宿迁市中医院肿瘤科102例晚期结直肠癌患者，按抽签法分成两组，即化疗组及联合组，各51例。化疗组应用FOLFOX（亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂+氟尿嘧啶）方案进行化疗，联合组采取贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFOX方案治疗。对比其肿瘤控制效果、免疫功能及MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2水平变化，并对比组间不良反应发生率。结果   联合组客观缓解率、疾病控制率高于化疗组（P＜0.05）；治疗后联合组患者CD4⁺ 、CD3⁺ 、CD8⁺ 、和CD4⁺ /CD8⁺数值高于化疗组，且两组治疗后均低于治疗前（P＜0.05）；治疗后两组患者MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2缺失率对比无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但其阳性、阴性表达情况对比差异有统计学意义，联合组MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2阳性率低于化疗组（P＜0.05）；两组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论   对晚期结直肠癌在化疗基础上增加贝伐珠单抗抗肿瘤效果显著，改善其免疫功能，虽无法改善患者错配修复蛋白缺损，但可辅助降低其阳性率，且不影响安全性。

       Objective  To analyze the effects of bevacizumab and chemotherapy on the levels of four mismatch  repair proteins（MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，PMS2）in patients with advanced colorectal cancer．Methods  A total of 102 patients with advanced colorectal cancer from the Oncology Department of Suqian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in  Jiangsu Province from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected，and were divided into two groups according to the drawing method，namely the chemotherapy group and the combination group，with 51 patients in each group．The chemotherapy group received FOLFOX（calcium folinate+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil）regimen for chemotherapy，while the combination group received bevacizumab combined with FOLFOX regimen for treatment．Tumor control effect，immune function，and changes in MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，and PMS2 levels，and its incidence of adverse reactions were compared．Results  The objective remission rate and disease control rate of the combined group were higher than those of the chemotherapy group（P＜0.05）．After treatment，the CD4⁺ ，CD3⁺ ，CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ /CD8⁺ values in the combination group were higher than those in the chemotherapy group，and those after treatment were lower than those before treatment in both groups（P＜0.05）．After treatment，there were no significant differences in the deletion  rates of MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，and PMS2 between the two groups of patients（P＞0.05），but there was a significant difference in their positive and negative expression．The positive rates of MSH2，MLHI，MSH6，and PMS2 in the combination group were lower than those in the chemotherapy group（P＜0.05）．There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse  reactions between the two groups（P＞0.05）．Conclusions  Adding bevacizumab on the basis of chemotherapy has a significant anti-tumor effect on advanced colorectal cancer，improving its immune function．Although it cannot improve the mismatch  repair protein defect in patients，it can assist in reducing its positivity rate and has high safety．

       目的   探讨免疫治疗联合化学治疗（化疗）对晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者淋巴免疫及生活质量的影响，为临床进一步治疗提供参考。方法  选择2021年6月—2023年6月天津市滨海新区大港医院收治的晚期NSCLC患者120例进行研究，按抽签法分为干预组及对照组，每组60例，对照组采取单纯化疗方案，干预组采取免疫联合化疗方案，对比两组临床疗效、药物不良反应，治疗前后免疫功能（CD3⁺ 、CD4⁺ 、CD8⁺ ）、糖类抗原199（CA199）、糖类抗原 125（CA125）、血清癌胚抗原（CEA）水平及健康状态调查表（QOL）评分。结果  干预组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组（68.33%＞41.67%，P＜0.05）；治疗后干预组患者CD3⁺ 、CD4⁺ 比例高于治疗前及对照组治疗后，CD8⁺ 比例低于治疗前及对照组治疗后（P＜0.05）；治疗后干预组血清CA199、CA125、CEA水平均低于治疗前及对照组治疗后（P＜0.05）；干预组药物不良反应发生率为16.67％，对照组为36.67％，干预组低于对照组（P＜0.05）；治疗后干预组QOL各维度评分高于对照组及治疗前（P＜0.05）。结论  与单纯化疗相比，免疫联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC患者，能有效降低肿瘤标志物水平，改善患者免疫指标，减轻药物不良反应，提高患者疗效及生活质量。

       Objective  To explore the effect of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy on lymphatic immunity and quality of life of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC），and to provide reference for further clinical treatment．Methods  A total of 120 patients with NSCLC from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected and divided into observation group and control group evenly according to the method of drawing lots，control group was treated with chemotherapy，the observation group was treated with immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy，and the clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups．Before and after treatment，immune function（CD3⁺ ，CD4⁺ ，CD8⁺ ），carbohydrate antigen 199（CA199），carbohydrate antigen 125（CA125），serum carcinoembryonic antigen（CEA）levels and health status questionnaire（QOL-RRB- scores）were measured．Results The total effective  rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group（68.33%＞41.67%，P＜0.05）．After treatment，the ratios of CD3⁺  and CD4⁺  in the observation group were significantly higher than those before treatment and control group after treatment，and the ratio of CD8⁺  was significantly lower than that before and after treatment in the control group（P＜0.05）．After treatment，the serum levels of CA199，CA125 and CEA in the observation group were lower than those before and after treatment in the control group（P＜0.05）．The incidence of adverse drug  reactions was 16.67% in the observation group and 36.67% in the control group，which was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group（P＜0.05）．After treatment，the QOL scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group and before treatment（P＜0.05）．Conclusions  Compared with chemotherapy alone，immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can effectively reduce the levels of tumor markers，improve the immune indexes of patients，reduce the adverse drug reactions，and improve the efficacy and quality of life of patients with advanced NSCLC．

       目的   探讨免疫及靶向药物联合肝动脉灌注化学治疗（化疗）治疗晚期肝癌的临床疗效。方法   选取甘肃省武威市人民医院2021年1月—2024年1月收治的78例晚期肝癌患者进行回顾性分析，其中20例患者采取单纯肝动脉灌注化疗（HAIC）治疗为单化疗组，30例患者采取HAIC联合程序性细胞死亡受体-1（PD-1）抗体治疗为免疫组，28例患者采取HAIC联合PD-1抗体免疫治疗与甲磺酸仑伐替尼胶囊靶向治疗为联合组。对比三组临床疗效、治疗前后胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原125（CA125）、甲胎蛋白（AFP）表达水平，不良反应发生率，并采用Piper疲乏修正量表（PFS-R）、世界卫生组织生存质量量表简表（WHOQOL-BREF）对两组癌因性疲乏程度及生存质量进行评价。结果   单纯化疗组、免疫组、联合组客观缓解率分别为15.00%、40.00%、64.29%，疾病控制率为30.00%、66.67%、82.14%，联合组高于单纯化疗组与免疫组（χ ² =11.720，P=0.003；χ ² =13.890，P＜0.001）；治疗后三组患者CEA、CA125、AFP水平均降低，且联合组［CEA：（13.62±4.24）ng/mL、CA125：（31.62±13.66）U/mL、AFP：（35.21±5.93）ng/mL］低于免疫组［（17.85±3.32）ng/mL、（59.26±9.35）U/mL、（42.12±4.12）ng/mL］及单纯化疗组［（23.73±4.79）ng/mL、（64.57±5.23）U/mL、（47.46±5.32）ng/mL］，对比差异有统计学意义（F=7.698，P＜0.001；F=11.480，P＜0.001；F=14.952，P＜0.001；P＜0.05）；所有患者均无5级不良反应及严重肝功能损害出现，且三组血小板减少、白细胞减少、腹痛、呕吐、消化道出血、厌食等不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；治疗后三组患者PFS-R评分均降低，联合组（3.85±1.13）分低于免疫组（5.39±1.25）分及单纯化疗组（6.33±1.26）分，WHOQOL-BREF评分均升高，联合组（348.58±66.12）分高于免疫组（297.24±72.21）分及单纯化疗组（256.35±41.67）分，对比差异有统计学意义（F=2.526，P=0.014；F=2.167，P=0.033）。结论   免疫及靶向药物联合肝动脉灌注化疗治疗晚期肝癌疗效显著，可有效控制疾病进展的同时，降低机体肿瘤标志物水平，安全性可控，同时可改善患者生存质量，减轻癌因性疲乏程度。

       Objective  To explore the clinical efficacy of immune and targeted drugs combined with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy（HAIC）in the treatment of advanced liver cancer．Methods  A retrospective analysis was conducted on 78 patients with advanced liver cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2024．Among them，20 patients were treated with simple HAIC and divided into a single chemotherapy group．Thirty patients were treated with HAIC combined with PD-1 antibody，and divided into an immune group．Twenty-eight patients were treated with HAIC combined with PD-1 antibody immunotherapy and lenvatinib mesylate capsule targeted therapy，and divided into a combination group．The clinical efficacy of three groups，the expressionlevels of CEA，CA125，AFP，and incidence of adverse reactions before and after treatment were compared．Piper Fatigue Correction Scale（PFS-R）and the WHO QOL-BREF were used to assess cancer-related fatigue in both groups．The degree of fatigue and quality of life were assessed．Results  The objective response rates of the simple chemotherapy group，the immune group，and the combination group were 15.00%，40.00% and 64.29%，respectively．The disease control  rates were 30.00%，66.67% and 82.14%，respectively．The indicators above of the combination group was significantly higher than those in the simple chemotherapy group and the immune group（χ ² =11.720，P=0.003；χ ² =13.890，P＜0.001；P＜0.05）．After treatment，the levels of CEA，CA125 and AFP were all decreased in the three groups，and those in the combined group （CEA［13.62±4.24］ng/mL，CA125［31.62±13.66］U/mL，AFP：Ng/mL［35.21±5.93］）were lower than those in the immune group（17.85±3.32 ng/mL，59.26±9.35 U/mL，/ 42.12±4.12 ng/mL）and single chemotherapy group（23.73±4.79 ng/mL，64.57±5.23 U/mL47.46±5.32］ng/mL），the differences were statistically significant（F=7.698，P＜0.001；F=11.480，P＜0.001；F=14.952，P＜0.001；P＜0.05）．All patients had no grade 5 adverse reactions or severe liver function damage，and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence adverse reactions such as thrombocytopenia，leukopenia，abdominal pain，vomiting，gastrointestinal bleeding，and anorexia among the three groups（P＞0.05）．After treatment，the PFS-R score of the three groups was decreased，and the combined group（3.85±1.13）score was lower than that of the immune group（5.39±1.25）and the chemotherapy group（6.33±1.26）．While the WHOQOL-BREF score was increased，the score of combination group（348.58±66.12）was higher than that of immune group（297.24±72.21）and chemotherapy group（256.35±41.67），and the difference was statistically significant（F=2.526，P=0.014；F=2.167，P=0.033；P＜0.05）．Conclusions  The combination of immune and targeted drugs with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy has a significant therapeutic effect on advanced liver cancer．It can effectively control disease progression，reduce tumor marker levels in the body，improve patient quality of life，and alleviate cancer-related fatigue，with controllable safety