医学教育

住院医师规范化培训师资教学能力提升效果评价

Evaluation on the improvement of resident standardization training teachers’ teaching ability

:416-421
 
       目的   对该培训基地师资2021—2023年教学能力进行评价,了解和分析“1+3+n”的院级督导推行前的2021年、“1+3+n”的院级督导推行后的 2022年、2023年师资的教学能力变化。方法   采用问卷调查法收集评价数据,采用SPSS.27.0对教学评价资料进行统计分析,采用净推荐值计算教学口碑,对多年度结果进行纵向比较分析。结果  2021—2023年教学评价次数共5 483次;2021—2023年对师资教学设计能力评价由实施前的8.8提高到9.6、教学实施能力由实施前的9.0提高到9.5、教学热情由实施前的9.0提高到10.0、时间投入由实施前的9.3提高到10.0,不同年份组间比较的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);课程净推荐值由实施前的60.5%提高到81.3%,师资课程推荐者占比由实施前的65.5%提高到83.2%,贬损者占比由实施前的5.0%降低到1.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ 2 =175.4,P<0.001)。结论   “1+3+n院级督导模式的相关举措,对师资教学能力的提高具有促进作用,且该促进作用持续存在,师资教学能力逐年递增。
    Objective  To evaluate the teaching ability change of teachers  from 2021 to 2023,including of teachers’ teaching ability in 2021 before the implementation of "1+3+n" college-level supervision,and in  2022  and  2023  after the implementation of "1+3+n" college-level supervision.Methods  Questionnaire survey was used to collect evaluation data,SPSS.27.0 was used to make statistical analysis of teaching evaluation data,and NPS(Net Promoter Score)was used to evaluate teaching quality.Results  From 2021 to 2023,there were 5483 teaching evaluations.From 2021 to 2023,teaching design ability evaluation score increased from 8.8 before the implementation to 9.6,teaching implementation ability evaluation score increased from 9.0 before the implementation to 9.5,teaching enthusiasm evaluation score increased from 9.0 before the implementation to 10.0,time investment evaluation score increased from 9.3 before the implementation to 10.0,and the differences between different years were statistically significant(P<0.001).The courses quality increased from 60.5% before the implementation to 81.3%,and the proportion of teachers' course recommenders has increased from 65.5% before the implementation to 83.2%,while the proportion of detractors has decreased from 5.0% before the implementation to 1.9%,with statistical significance(χ 2 =175.4,P<0.001).Conclusions  The measures of "1+3+n" college-level supervision mode promote the improvement of teachers’ teaching ability,the promotion effect persists,and the teaching ability increases year by year.
综述

评价药源性心脏毒性生物标志物的研究进展

Research progress in evaluating biomarkers of pharmacogenic cardiotoxicity

:48-55
 
       药源性心脏毒性是临床常见的药物不良反应,是药物研发和临床治疗需面临的严峻考验。对药源性心脏毒性的评价是目前研究的重点,基于其机制复杂多样、临床表现不一、影响因素多,早期评价具有困难。生物标志物是评价心脏毒性的重要指标之一,文章总结了目前已经报道的多种心脏毒性标志物及其潜在的生物标志物,希望能从中找到特异性强、敏感性高的标志物,以贡献于药物心脏安全性评价工作。
    As a common clinical adverse reaction,pharmacogenic cardiotoxicity is a severe challenge for drug development and clinical treatment.The evaluation of pharmacogenic cardiotoxicity is the focus of current research,and early evaluation is difficult with its complex and diverse mechanisms,varying clinical manifestations,and numerous influencing factors.Biomarker is an important index to evaluate cardiotoxicity.This article summarizes a variety of cardiotoxicity biomarkers and other potential biomarkers that have been reported so far,hoping to find  biomarkers with strong specificity and high sensitivity,so as tocontribute to the evaluation on cardiac safety of drugs.
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