目的 探讨重性抑郁障碍（MDD）患者肠道菌群特征与选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）疗效的关联性, 筛选可预测SSRIs疗效的肠道菌群生物标志物。方法 选取2024年5月—2025年5月宁夏回族自治区人民医院收治的90例MDD患者, 根据SSRIs治疗8周后疗效分为应答组56例和无应答组34例, 并选择30例健康对照, 采集基线粪便样本进行16S rRNA基因测序, 分析肠道菌群α多样性、菌属相对丰度差异,并通过相关性分析、多因素Logistic回归及ROC曲线评估菌群标志物对SSRIs疗效的预测价值。结果 MDD患者肠道菌群Chao1指数、Shannon指数低于健康对照（P<0.05）, 应答组与无应答组α多样性无差异（P>0.05）。应答组基线Blautia、双歧杆菌属、粪球菌属丰度高于无应答组（P<0.05）, 大肠杆菌-志贺菌属丰度低于无应答组（P<0.05）。基线Blautia、双歧杆菌属、粪球菌属丰度与SSRIs治疗8周HAMD-17减分率呈正相关（r分别为0.390、0.420、0.350,均P<0.05）, 三者联合预测SSRIs疗效的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.910（灵敏度83.9%,特异度85.3%）。结论 MDD患者存在肠道菌群结构异常, 基线Blautia、双歧杆菌属、粪球菌属丰度可作为SSRIs疗效的潜在预测标志物,为MDD个体化治疗提供实验依据。

       Objective To explore the association between gut microbiota characteristics and the efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors（SSRIs）in patients with major depressive disorder（MDD）, and to screen gut microbiota biomarkers for predicting SSRIs efficacy．Methods A total of 90 MDD patients（divided into responders[n=56] and non-responders[n=34] based on 8-week SSRIs efficacy）and 30 healthy controls were enrolled from May 2024 to May 2025．Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze gut microbiota α diversity and genus-level relative abundance．Correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the predictive value of microbiota markers for SSRIs efficacy．Results The Chao1 and Shannon indices of gut microbiota in MDD patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls（P<0.05）, with no difference between responders and non-responders（P>0.05）．Responders had higher baseline abundances of Blautia,Bifidobacterium, and Coprococcus（P<0.05）, and lower abundance of Escherichia-Shigella compared to non-responders．Baseline abundances of Blautia,Bifidobacterium（P<0.05）, and Coprococcus were positively correlated with 8-week HAMD-17 reduction rate（r=0.390, 0.420, 0.350; all P<0.05）．The combined prediction of these three genera for SSRIs efficacy showed an area under the curve of 0.910（sensitivity 83.9%, specificity 85.3%）．Conclusions MDD patients exhibit abnormal gut microbiota structure．Baseline abundances of Blautia,Bifidobacterium, and Coprococcus may serve as potential predictive biomarkers for SSRIs efficacy, providing experimental basis for personalized treatment of MDD．

目的 探讨不同类型尿结石患者肠道菌群结构与尿酸代谢的相关性研究。方法 随机选取2022年5月—2023年5月广州市第一人民医院泌尿外科住院的尿结石患者60例为研究组, 选取同期体检中心健康体检人群30名为对照组,按照结石成分将研究组患者分为尿酸组和非尿酸组, 每组各30例, 所有入选患者均接受结石样本、尿样本、大便样本、血样本的采集, 所有样本经光谱、质谱、基因测序、尿常规及血生化检测 , 比较入选对象的肠道菌群及血尿生化指标变化。结果 尿酸组和非尿酸组患者的血磷（SNK-q=7.970、3.542）、血BUN（SNK-q=5.647、4.756）、血SUA（SNK-q=8.178、3.623）、血SCr（SNK-q=7.300、5.553）、血LPS（SNK-q=13.101、9.705）及24h尿酸（SNK-q=4.462、6.426）水平均高于对照组, 具有统计学意义（P<0.05）, 尿酸组和非尿酸组患者的血钙水平低于对照组（SNK-q=3.918/3.047, P<0.05）。非尿酸组患者的血磷、血SUA、血LPS均低于尿酸组, 均有统计学意义（SNK-q=4.428、4.555、3.397, P<0.05）。尿酸组和非尿酸组患者肠道中双歧杆菌数量低于对照组, 差异具有统计学意义（SNK-q=3.754、3.143, P<0.05）。非尿酸组患者肠道中乳酸杆菌数量高于对照组和尿酸组（SNK-q=4.105、3.463, P<0.05）, 尿酸组及非尿酸组患者的血尿酸及24 h尿尿酸水平与肠道双歧杆菌数量呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论 肠道双歧杆菌数量对结石患者血尿酸代谢及尿结石形成具有相关性。

Objective To explore the relationship of intestinal flora and uric acid metabolism in different urinary stones patients．Methods From May 2022 to May 2023, 60 patients with urinary stones patients in Guangzhou First People’s Hospital were selected as the study group, and 30 health check-up people in the same period of the medical examination center were selected as the control group．Study group was divided into the uric acid group and the non-uric acid group, 30 cases each group, all patients received stone samples, urine samples, stool samples,blood samples collection, mass spectrometry, gene sequencing, urine routine, blood biochemical detection were performed．Intestinal flora and blood urinary biochemical indicators of the patients were compared．Results The levels of blood phosphorus（SNK-q=7.970, 3.542）, blood BUN（SNK-q=5.647, 4.756）, blood SUA （SNK-q=8.178, 3.623）, blood SCr（SNK-q=7.300, 5.553）, blood LPS（SNK-q=13.101, 9.705）, and 24-hour urine uric acid （SNK-q=4.462, 6.426）in the uric acid group and the non-uric acid group were all higher than those in the control group,and were statistically significant（P<0.05）．The blood calcium levels of the patients in the uric acid group and the non-uric acid group were lower than those in the control group（SNK-q=3.918/3.047, P<0.05）．The blood phosphorus, blood SUA and blood LPS levels of the non-uric acid group were all lower than those of the uric acid group, and the differences were statistically significant （SNK-q=4.428, 4.555, 3.397, P<0.05）．The number of bifidobacteria in the intestines of patients in the uric acid group and the non-uric acid group was lower than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant（SNK-q=3.754, 3.143, P<0.05）．The number of lactobacilli in the intestines of patients in the non-uric acid group was higher than that of the control group and the uric acid group（SNK-q=4.105, 3.463, P<0.05）．The levels of blood uric acid and 24-hour urine uric acid in the uric acid group and the non-uric acid group were negatively correlated with the number of Bifidobacterium in the intestines（P<0.05）．Conclusions The number of intestinal bisidobacteria has a significant correlation with the metabolism of blood uric acid and urinary stones in patients with stones．

目的 本研究以脑卒中患者为研究对象,通过二代Illumina高通量测序平台对患者的粪便标本进行微生物群落多样性测序。选择物种丰度≥30%的24个门类（Phylum）作为肠道菌群的研究指标,进而研究肠道菌群与脑卒后抑郁（PSD）之间的相关关系。方法 以40位脑卒中患者的24个门类作为特征变量,抑郁组和对照组为二分类目标变量,建立以Logistic回归、随机森林、支持向量机和AdaBoost为基模型的Stacking分类模型。主成分分析方法作为该模型的特征选择方法选择恰当的主成分进行模型训练,通过二分类评价报告（precision、recall、f1-score）、ROC曲线和混淆矩阵等评价指标对其性能进行评价。结果 （1）通过差异性检验分析了两组（抑郁组和对照组）的基线一致（P<0.05）;（2）从Stacking模型融合的角度定量分析了影响脑卒中后抑郁情绪的具体肠道菌群。研究结果可知,放线菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门在PSD患者中均增加（P<0.001）;厚壁菌门,疣微菌门,绿弯菌门和软壁菌门在PSD患者中降低（P<0.001）。结论 以上菌群是影响脑卒中后抑郁患者情绪的主要影响因素,因此,在临床上通过恰当干预肠道菌群的变化来调节脑卒中后抑郁患者的抑郁水平,这为脑卒中后抑郁情绪的诊断和治疗方案提供科学依据。

Objective In this study,patients with stroke were selected as the research object,and the microbial community diversity of patients' stool samples was sequenced by the second-generation Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform． Twenty four phylum species with 30% species abundance were selected as indicators for the study of gut microbiota,and then the correlation between gut microbiota and post-stroke depression（PSD） was studied．Methods Taking 24 categories of 40 stroke patients as characteristic variables,depression group and control group as dichotomous target variables,a stacking classification model based on Logistic regression,random forest,support vector machine and AdaBoost was established．As the feature selection method of the model,principal component analysis selects the appropriate principal components for model training,and evaluates its performance through dichotomous evaluation reports（precision,recall,f1 score）,ROC curve and confusion matrix．Results The baseline of the two groups（depression group and control group）was consistent（P<0.05）through the difference test．From the perspective of stacking model fusion,the specific intestinal flora affecting post-stroke depression was quantitatively analyzed．The results showed that Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were significantly increased in PSD patients（P<0.001）,while Firmicutes,Verrucomicrobia,Chloroflexi and Tenericutes were significantly decreased in PSD patients（P<0.001）．Conclusions The above microbiota are the main factors affecting the mood of patients with post-stroke depression．Therefore,in clinical practice,we can adjust the depression level of patients with post-stroke depression by properly intervening the changes of intestinal microbiota,which provides a scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of PSD．

目的 分析阿莫西林克拉维酸钾与第三代头孢类抗菌药联合应用于新生儿肺炎患儿的应用效果及其对患儿肠道菌群的影响。方法 选择在2021年2月—2022年11月期间于我院新生儿科接受相关治疗的100例新生儿肺炎患儿,依照简单随机化法将患儿分为研究组（n=50）及参照组（n=50）。给予参照组常规新生儿肺炎治疗,在此基础上给予研究组患者阿莫西林克拉维酸钾与第三代头孢类抗菌药的联合治疗。治疗结束后对比两组患儿的血清因子水平、肠道菌落情况、临床疗效以及不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗前,两组患儿的血清因子水平、肠道内菌群数量比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,治疗后两组患儿的降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）、C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）、白细胞计数（white blood cell count,WBC）、肠球菌、肠杆菌、双歧杆菌以及乳酸杆菌水平均有改善（P<0.05）,其中研究组的PCT、CRP、WBC、肠球菌、双歧杆菌以及乳酸杆菌数量低于参照组,而研究组的肠杆菌数量高于参照组;同时研究组的临床有效率（94.00%）与参照组的临床有效率（86.00%）比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组患儿的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,但其中研究组腹泻的发生率高于参照组（P<0.05）。结论 在对新生儿肺炎患儿进行治疗时采取阿莫西林克拉维酸钾单纯治疗与阿莫西林克拉维酸钾+第三代头孢类抗菌药（头孢他啶）的临床疗效相当,联合用药虽能更为显著地减少患儿机体的细菌数量,改善血清因子水平,但更易发生腹泻的并发症,且为了减少耐药性,应适当采用单独用药。

Objective To analyze the application effect of amoxicillin clavulanate potassium combined with third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics in children with neonatal pneumonia and its impact on the intestinal microbiota．Methods From February 2021 to November 2022,100 newborns with pneumonia who received relevant treatment in the Department of Neonatology at the First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu City were randomly divided into a study group（n=50）and a reference group（n=50）using a simple randomization method．Routine treatment was provided for neonatal pneumonia in the reference group,and on this basis,a combination treatment of amoxicillin,clavulanate potassium,and third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics was applied on the study group patients．After treatment,the serum factor levels,intestinal colony status,clinical efficacy,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups of children．Results Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in serum factor levels and intestinal microbiota between the two groups of children（P>0.05）．After treatment,the levels of procalcitonin（PCT）,C-reactive protein（CRP）,white blood cell count（WBC）,Enterococcus,Enterobacter,Bifidobacterium,and Lactobacillus in the two groups of children improved（P<0.05）,with the levels of PCT,CRP,WBC,the number of Enterococcus,Bifidobacterium,and Lactobacillus in the study group was lower than that in the reference group,while the number of Enterobacter in the study group was higher．There was no statistically significant difference（P>0.05）in the clinical response rate between the study group（94.00%）and the reference group（86.00%）．There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of children（P>0.05）,but the incidence of diarrhea in the study group was higher than that in the reference group（P<0.05）．Conclusions The clinical efficacy of amoxicillin clavulanate potassium alone and amoxicillin clavulanate potassium+third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics（ceftazidime）in the treatment of newborns with pneumonia is comparable．Although the combination therapy can significantly reduce the number of bacteria in the body of children and improve serum factor levels,it is more prone to complications of diarrhea．In order to reduce drug resistance,separate medication should be appropriately used．

炎症性肠病（IBD）作为一种慢性、易复发的炎症性疾病,被世界卫生组织归类为现代医疗领域的难治性疾病之一。其确切发病机制尚不清晰,目前主要认为与肠菌失衡触发宿主过度的肠黏膜免疫反应,进而在遗传易感性的个体中引发肠黏膜的损伤有关。目前,尚无特效的靶点能治愈IBD。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPARs）作为核受体超家族的一员,在机体的生长发育、炎症调控以及代谢过程中扮演着重要角色,且被视为治疗包括IBD在内的多种疾病的重要潜在靶点,并被认为与肠道菌群关系密切。文章旨在探讨PPARs与肠道菌群的关系在IBD中的作用,从而挖掘IBD新的潜在诊疗靶点,开发新的治疗策略,为临床上IBD的诊断和治疗提供新的思路和方法。

Inflammatory bowel disease（IBD）,characterized as a chronic and recurrent inflammatory condition,is classified by the World Health Organization as one of the intractable diseases in modern medicine．The precise pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear,but current research widely believes that it is closely related to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota．Imbalance in the gut flora triggers an excessive immune response in the host’s intestinal mucosa,leading to mucosal damage in genetically susceptible individuals．To date,no specific targets have been identified that can cure IBD．Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors（PPARs）,as members of the nuclear receptor superfamily,play significant roles in growth and development,inflammation regulation,and metabolic processes．They are regarded as potential effective targets for treating various diseases,including IBD,and are closely related to the gut microbiota．This review aims to discuss the progress in understanding the role of the relationship between PPARs and gut microbiota in IBD,so as to find new potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD,develop new treatment strategies,provide new ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD in clinical practice．

目的 探讨功能性消化不良（FD）患者应用乳果糖联合莫沙必利治疗的临床疗效及药物对肠道菌群的影响。方法 选取2019年1月—2021年12月来院诊治的180例FD患者作为研究对象,随机分为2组,每组90例,对照组口服莫沙必利片,观察组服用莫沙必利片+乳果糖口服液,4周后观察2组患者治疗后临床症状改善率及肠道菌群数量的情况。结果 治疗4周后,观察组的总有效率（86.67%）高于对照组（72.22%）,P<0.05;观察组的乳杆菌菌群数多于对照组,肠球菌、肠杆菌菌群数少于对照组,P<0.05。结论 乳果糖联合莫沙必利用于FD患者临床治疗,总有效率高于单用莫沙必利,患者症状获得有效改善,明显改善FD患者肠道菌群水平。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and effect on intestinal flora of lactulose combined with mosapride in patients with functional dyspepsia（FD）．Methods A total of 180 FD patients admitted to the hospital in January 2019 and December 2021 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into two groups,90 cases in each group．The control group took oxapride orally and the observation group took lactulose oral solution additionally．After 4 weeks,the improvement rate of clinical symptoms and the number of intestinal flora of patients were observed．Results After 4 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group（86.67%）was obviously higher than that of the control group（76.67%）,P<0.05;the number of Lactobacillus in the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the numbers of Enterococcus and Enterobacteria were less than that of the control group,P<0.05．Conclusions The total effective rate of lactulose combined with mosalabin for FD patients is higher than that of mossalapride alone．The symptoms are effectively improved,and the intestinal flora level of FD patients is significantly improved．

目的 探讨肠道菌群多样性及丰度在抗结核治疗强化期的变化。方法 收集广州市胸科医院20例初治菌阳肺结核患者使用强化方案治疗1周及强化期结束的粪便标本,所有标本进行16S rDNA测序,进行生物信息学分析。结果 强化期结束治疗组的Alpha多样性指标Chao1和observed_otus指数分别为(97.8±28.3)和(97.6±28.2),高于治疗1周组的(81±34.7)和(81±34.7),差异有统计学意义(P=0.04;P=0.038)。基于加权和未加权Unifrac距离的PCoA分析显示两组整体菌群结构无明显差异。在相对丰度较高的菌科中,强化期结束治疗组的拟杆菌科、肠球菌科、肠杆菌科、丹毒菌科、卟啉单胞菌科、双歧杆菌科等相对丰度下降,毛螺菌科、梭杆菌科、普氏菌科、瘤胃球菌科、韦氏菌科等相对丰度增加。通过线性判别分析效应量LEfse分析两组数据,发现在属水平上,厚壁菌门的瘤胃球菌、乳杆菌及放线菌门的柯林氏菌为组间显著差异菌种。结论 强化期治疗结束与治疗1周相比,肠道菌群多样性增加,但肠道菌群结构无明显差异。肠道拟杆菌科丰度减少,毛螺菌科丰度增加。

Objective To investigate the changes in the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora during the intensive period of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Methods Stool specimens from 20 patients with newly treated bacteria-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Guangzhou Chest Hospital, which were treated with the intensive treatment for 1 week and whole intensive treatment, were collected. All the specimens were subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Results The Alpha diversity index Chao1 and observed_otus index of the treatment group with whole process were (97.8±28.3) and (97.6±28.2) respectively, which were higher than (81±34.7) and (81±34.7) of the 1-week treatment group, which had statistical differences (P=0.04;P=0.038). PCoA analysis based on weighted and unweighted Unifrac distance showed that there was no significant difference in the overall flora community structure between the two groups. Among the bacteria families with higher relative abundance, the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae,Enterococcaceae,Enterobacteriaceae,Erysipelotrichaceae,Porphyromonadaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae in the treatment group with whole process decreased, the relative abundance content of Lachnodoiraceae,Fusobacteriaceae,Prevotellaceae, Rumincoccaceae, and Veillonellaceae increased. By using linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfse) to analyze the two sets of data, it was found that at the genus level,Rumincoccaceae of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus;Collinsella of Actinobacteria were significantly different species between the groups. Conclusion Compared with 1 week of treatment, the diversity of intestinal flora increased at the end of intensive treatment, but there was no significant difference in the community structure of intestinal flora. The abundance of intestinal Bacteroidaceae decreased, and the abundance of Lachnodoiraceae increased.

目的 观察低出生体重早产儿应用抗生素后肠道菌群的动态变化。方法 选取2018年6月—2019年7月在广州市第一人民医院住院的10名低出生体重早产儿,在出生时、出生后1~2周、出生后2~3周、出生后3~4周、出生后4~5周、出生后5~6周时分别收集粪便样本,通过16s高通量测序检测患儿粪便菌群变化并统计分析。结果 应用抗生素后的低出生体重早产儿肠道菌群α多样性(Shannon指数、Simpson指数、ACE指数和PD_whole_tree指数)下降(P均<0.05),肠道菌群结构在门、科、属水平均发生改变,其中Alistipes、Bacteroides、Lactobacillus、unidentified_Lachnospiraceae、unidentified_Ruminococcaceae、Alloprevotella、unidentified_Cyanobacteria、Bacillus、Stenotrophomonas和Acinetobacter菌属相对丰度减少(P均<0.05)。结论 低出生体重早产儿应用抗生素后肠道菌群多样性下降,肠道菌群结构发生改变,并在抗生素停用后仍持续,针对性补充益生菌或益生元可能有助于肠道菌群恢复稳态。

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of gut microbiota in premature infants with low birth weight after antibiotics therapy. Methods 10 low birth weight premature infants hospitalized in Guangzhou First People's Hospital from June 2018 to July 2019 were included. Fecal samples were collected at birth, 1~2 weeks after birth, 2~3 weeks after birth, 3~4 weeks after birth, 4~5 weeks after birth and 5~6 weeks after birth, respectively. The changes of fecal microbiota were detected and analyzed by 16s high-throughput sequencing. Results The α-diversity of gut microbiota (Shannon index, Simpson index, ACE index and PD_whole_tree index) in low birth weight preterm infants treated with antibiotics decreased (P<0.05). The structure of gut microbiota changed at phylum, family and genus levels, among which Alistipes, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, unidentified_Ruminococcaceae, Alloprevotella, unidentified_Cyanobacteria, Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas and Acinetobacter decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion The diversity of gut microbiota in low birth weight preterm infants decreased and the structure of gut microbiota changed after antibiotic therapy. Targeted supplementation of probiotics or prebiotics may contribute to the recovery of gut microbial homeostasis.

目的 探讨血必净注射液对ANP大鼠肠道菌群及肠黏膜屏障功能的影响。方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、假手术组、ANP组和血必净治疗组(每组10只),空白组不作任何处理,假手术组翻动十二指肠后关腹,ANP组和治疗组用4.5%牛磺胆酸钠溶液胆胰管逆行注射建模,治疗组在建模后经鼠尾静脉注射血必净注射液(3 mL/kg)。24 h后处死大鼠并采样,ELISA法测血AMS、CRP、LPS、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、DAO和D-乳酸等指标,粪菌样本行16SrRNA高通量测序分析,实时定量PCR法检测5种细菌数量,病理检测胰腺和回肠组织,比较各组大鼠的指标。结果 ①ANP组大鼠血AMS升高,CRP、LPS、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、DAO、D-乳酸水平以及胰腺、小肠病理评分均高于空白组和假手术组(P<0.001);②治疗组AMS低于ANP组,血必净可降低上述各种血清指标水平和胰腺、小肠病理评分(P<0.001);③肠道菌群微生态分析显示,血必净可改善ANP大鼠粪菌的丰富度和多样性,缩小与空白组、假手术菌种种类的差异,增加厚壁菌门菌量;治疗组乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和普拉梭菌的菌量高于ANP组,肠球菌和大肠埃希的菌量低于ANP组(P<0.001)。结论 血必净可增加ANP大鼠肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性,增加有益菌的含量,减少内毒素和促炎因子释放,改善肠黏膜屏障功能。

Objective To investigate the effect of Xuebijing injection on intestinal flora and intestinal mucosal barrier function in ANP rats. Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, sham operation group, ANP group and Xuebijing treatment group (10 in each group). The sham operation group closed the abdomen after turning the duodenum. The ANP model was established by retrograde injection of 4.5% sodium taurocholate solution into the biliopancreatic duct. Xuebijing injection (3mL/kg) was injected into the tail vein of the rats in the treatment group. 24 hours later, the rats were sacrificed and sampled. AMS, CRP, LPS, TNF-, il-6, il-1, DAO and d-lactic acid were measured by ELISA. The fecal bacteria samples were analyzed by 16SrRNA sequencing technique. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the populations of 5 bacteria in fecal sample. The pathology of pancreas and ileum were examined, and the indexes of rats in each group were compared. Results ①In ANP group, AMS was increased, levels of CRP, LPS, TNF-, il-6, il-1, DAO, d-lactic acid, pancreatic and intestinal pathology scores were higher than those in the blank group and the sham group (P<0.001).②In treatment group,AMS was lower than ANP group, and Xuebijing could reduce the levels of the above factors and scores of pancreatic and intestinal pathology (P<0.001).③ The microecological results of intestinal flora showed that Xuebijing treatment could improve the richness and diversity of fecal bacteria, reduce the difference between Xuebijing group and blank group and sham operation group, and increase the quantity of firmicutes. The amount of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria and Clostridium prasei in the Xuebijing group was higher than that in ANP group, while the amount of enterococci and Escherichia coli was lower than that in the ANP group (P<0.001). Conclusion Xuebijing can increase the richness and diversity of intestinal flora, increase the content of beneficial bacteria, reduce the release of endotoxin and pro-inflammatory factors, and improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function in ANP rats.

       目的   本研究以脑卒中患者为研究对象，通过二代Illumina高通量测序平台对患者的粪便标本进行微生物群落多样性测序。选择物种丰度≥30%的24个门类（Phylum）作为肠道菌群的研究指标，进而研究肠道菌群与脑卒后抑郁（PSD）之间的相关关系。方法   以40位脑卒中患者的24个门类作为特征变量，抑郁组和对照组为二分类目标变量，建立以Logistic回归、随机森林、支持向量机和AdaBoost为基模型的Stacking分类模型。主成分分析方法作为该模型的特征选择方法选择恰当的主成分进行模型训练，通过二分类评价报告（precision、recall、f1-score）、ROC曲线和混淆矩阵等评价指标对其性能进行评价。结果   （1）通过差异性检验分析了两组（抑郁组和对照组）的基线一致（P＜0.05）；（2）从Stacking模型融合的角度定量分析了影响脑卒中后抑郁情绪的具体肠道菌群。研究结果可知，放线菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门在PSD患者中均增加（P＜0.001）；厚壁菌门，疣微菌门，绿弯菌门和软壁菌门在PSD患者中降低（P＜0.001）。结论   以上菌群是影响脑卒中后抑郁患者情绪的主要影响因素，因此，在临床上通过恰当干预肠道菌群的变化来调节脑卒中后抑郁患者的抑郁水平，这为脑卒中后抑郁情绪的诊断和治疗方案提供科学依据。

        Objective  In this study，patients with stroke were selected as the research object，and the microbial community diversity of patients’ stool samples was sequenced by the second-generation Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform．Twenty four phylum species with 30% species abundance were selected as indicators for the study of gut microbiota，and then the correlation between gut microbiota and post-stroke depression（PSD） was studied．Methods  Taking 24 categories of 40 stroke patients as characteristic variables，depression group and control group as dichotomous target variables，a stacking classification model based on Logistic regression，random forest，support vector machine and AdaBoost was established．As the feature selection method of the model，principal component analysis selects the appropriate principal components for model training，and evaluates its performance through dichotomous evaluation reports（precision，recall，f1 score），ROC curve and confusion matrix．Results  The baseline of the two groups（depression group and control group）was consistent（P＜0.05）through the difference test．From the perspective of stacking model fusion，the specific intestinal flora affecting post-stroke depression was quantitatively analyzed．The results showed that Actinobacteria，Bacteroidetes，Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were significantly increased in PSD patients（P＜0.001），while Firmicutes，Verrucomicrobia，Chloroflexi and Tenericutes were significantly decreased in PSD patients（P＜0.001）．Conclusions  The above microbiota are the main factors affecting the mood of patients with post-stroke depression．Therefore，in clinical practice，we can adjust the depression level of patients with post-stroke depression by properly intervening the changes of intestinal microbiota，which provides a scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of PSD．