目的 探讨急性胆囊炎患者术后胆管损伤发生的诊治及影响因素分析。方法 随机选取2019年3月—2020年6月经腹腔镜胆囊切除术后发生胆管损伤的86例急性胆囊炎患者作为观察组,另选同期腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗未发生胆管损伤的56例患者作为对照组,观察2组患者的影响因素将其进行对比分析。结果 2组患者病历资料中的胆囊壁厚度≥ 4 mm、Calot三角充血、Calot三角水肿经统计学分析有差异(P＜0.01);手术情况中比较发现,胆囊三角区的解剖变异、术中操作不当、术中经验不足情况,经统计学分析有差异(P＜0.05);胆囊壁厚度≥ 4 mm、Calot三角充血、Calot三角水肿、胆囊三角区的解剖变异、术中操作不当、术中经验不足均为急性胆囊炎术后胆管损伤的独立影响因素(P＜0.05)。结论 急性胆囊炎患者术后发生胆管损伤的影响因素较多,应制定精准化的手术方案,在最大程度上减少胆管损伤的发病率,从而确保手术的安全性。

目的 探讨慢性扁桃体炎扁桃体切除术后患者咽部疼痛采用紫银荷冰汤治疗的临床疗效。方法 选取本院2018年2月—2021年2月收治的320例慢性扁桃体炎扁桃体切除术的患者,将其根据数字随机法分为对照组与研究组各160例。其中对照组采用生理盐水漱口,研究组采用紫银荷冰汤漱口。观察2组患者用药后的疼痛程度,采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分进行评估。结果 2组患者咽痛术后第1～3天VAS评分比较,经统计学分析无差异(P＞0.05);咽痛术后第4～7天VAS评分比较,研究组评分优于对照组,经统计学分析有差异(P＜0.05)。研究组术后第1~3天其疗效优于对照组(P＜0.05);术后第4、6天研究组显效例数也高于对照组,但经统计学表现无差异。 经统计学分析,2组患者术后12 h、术后1天平均服用止痛药物数量无差异(P＞0.05);但术后3天、术后5天平均服用止痛药物数量经统计学分析,研究组优于对照组,有差异(P＜0.05)。结论 紫银荷冰汤具有缓解术后伤口疼痛,减轻组织炎性反应之功效,对治疗慢性扁桃体炎扁桃体切除术后患者咽部疼痛疗效显著,能有效减少止痛药物的使用数量,值得推广应用。

目的 探讨右美托咪定与咪达唑仑在儿童牙科患者术前镇静中的作用及安全性。方法 选取2020年6月—2021年1月需行择期全麻牙科治疗的60例患儿作为研究资料,将其根据数字法随机分为对照组(采取咪达唑仑)与观察组(采取右美托咪定)各30例,比较2组患儿的镇静效果。结果 2组患儿经麻醉后,观察组患儿的自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间以及拔管时间低于对照组,经统计学分析有差异(P＜0.05);患儿在给药前Ramsay镇静评分中比较无差异;在给药10 min、20 min、30 min时Ramsay镇静评分均能达到2分以上,但经统计学比较无差异;血氧饱和度未发现异常,而且在给药观察期间患儿的血氧饱和度也在95%以上;但经统计学分析,患儿在给药前和给药10 min、20 min、30 min时心率、呼吸以及血氧饱和度均无差异(P＞0.05)。结论 右美托咪定与咪达唑仑均能成功用于儿童牙科患者术前镇静中,但经本文研究发现右美托咪定其效果更为显著些,而且绝大多数患儿能够配合与父母分离、配合麻醉面罩,降低患儿术后躁动发生率。

目的 探讨脑卒中患者应用NNN-链接延续护理模式对患者生活质量及护理结局影响。方法 将 2019年6月—2020年12月收治的60例患者按纳入研究对象,以NNN-链接为结构框架,从入院到出院后3个月实施NNN-链接延续护理模式,收集延续护理患者护理诊断、护理结局、护理措施及三者的链接,比较延续护理不同阶段脑卒中患者护理结局评分。结果 使用频率最高的护理诊断及NNN-链接分别为生活自理能力缺陷、有跌倒的危险、知识缺乏、营养失调:低于机体需要量、有误吸危险;出院后3个月,从功能健康、健康知识和行为、生理健康Ⅱ、心理社会健康、家庭健康5大领域进行护理结局评分,分值均比出院时第一个月有提高(P<0.05)。结论 NNN-链接延续护理模式能有效提高病人的健康知识与行为,提高照顾者照护能力,降低意外事件发生。

目的 探讨围绝经期功能失调性子宫出血患者应用宫腔镜电切术联合炔诺酮治疗对临床效果的影响。方法 选取2017年1月—2020年9月在我院治疗的87例围绝经期功能失调性子宫出血患者,按照随机数字表法分成观察组(n=44)与对照组(n=43),观察组采用宫腔镜电切术联合炔诺酮治疗,对照组仅采用宫腔镜电切术治疗,比较2组临床疗效、手术情况、住院时间、不良反应发生率,分析治疗前后子宫形态、血红蛋白含量变化。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为100.00%,对照组为86.05%,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);2组手术时间、术中出血量、膨宫液用量、住院时间比较无差异(P>0.05);2组治疗后子宫内膜厚度增加(P<0.05),血红蛋白水平下降(P<0.05),观察组子宫内膜厚度大于对照组(P<0.05),血红蛋白水平较对照组更低(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为9.09%,对照组为27.91%,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 宫腔镜电切术联合炔诺酮应用于围绝经期功能失调性子宫出血患者治疗中能够促进子宫状况改善,提高临床疗效,且安全性较高,值得临床推广。

目的 探讨补肾活血汤在骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折(FNF)术后愈合的应用效果,旨在为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法 选取濮阳市中医医院2019年1月—2020年1月收治的骨质疏松性FNF患者76例,依据双盲法分为观察组(38例)与对照组(38例),2组均行手术治疗,对照组术后予以常规治疗与康复训练,观察组加用补肾活血汤治疗,以30 d作为1个疗程,持续治疗3个疗程。对比2组临床疗效与术前、术后6个月骨密度值及Harris评分以及术后6个月期间并发症发生情况。结果 相较对照组,观察组临床总有效率较高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);比较2组术前骨密度值无差异(P＞0.05);较术前,术后6个月2组骨密度值均上升,且观察组骨密度值较高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);2组术前Harris评分对比无差异(P＞0.05);较术前,术后6个月2组Harris评分均上升,且观察组Harris评分较高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);2组并发症发生率对比无差异(P＞0.05)。结论 骨质疏松性FNF患者采用补肾活血汤治疗可提升临床疗效,增加骨折处骨密度值并改善髋关节功能,促进术后愈合,值得临床推广。

目的 探究血清脂滴蛋白-5表达水平与ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)老年患者冠状动脉病变和预后的相关性。方法 对2016年1月—2018年1月的100例STEMI老年患者进行研究,所有患者于入院次日晨起空腹状态下检测血清脂滴蛋白-5表达水平,根据中位值分成高表达组(对照组)和低表达组(观察组)各50例,比较不同表达水平患者的冠状动脉病变支数、死亡率和不良事件发生率,分析血清脂滴蛋白-5表达水平与冠状动脉病变血管支数和预后的相关性。结果 2组冠状动脉血管单支、双支病变概率对比无差异(P>0.05);观察组3支病变概率为48.00%,高于对照组的24.00%,数据有差异(P<0.05);观察组治疗1个月、半年和3年后的死亡率分别为18.00%、28.00%和36.00%,高于对照组的2.00%、6.00%和12.00%,存在数据差异(P<0.05);观察组治疗1个月、半年和3年后的主要心血管不良事件发生率分别为30.00%、40.00%和48.00%,数据对比有差异(P<0.05);血清脂滴蛋白-5表达水平与病变支数为负相关关系,与近远期预后为正相关关系(r=-0.754,P=0.008;r=0.816,P=0.005)。结论 血清脂滴蛋白-5表达水平与STEMI老年患者冠脉病变严重性和近远期预后密切相关:表达水平低,病情越严重,预后越差。

目的 分析胞内分枝杆菌肺病与堪萨斯分枝杆菌肺病的胸部CT影像特征差异。方法 收集天津市海河医院胞内分枝杆菌肺病(A组)和堪萨斯分枝杆菌肺病(B组)各70例胸部CT图像,分析比较两组CT特征差异。结果 2组在性别、年龄上差异有统计学意义,A组小叶中心结节及树芽征、结节、厚壁空洞、支气管扩张比例均大于B组,A组薄壁空洞占比小于B组。A组分布在右肺上、下叶的空洞多于B组,右肺中叶支气管扩张少于B组。A组分布在右肺中叶、下叶及左肺上叶舌段、下叶的支气管扩张占比较B组多。结论 胞内分枝杆菌肺病病灶较堪萨斯分枝杆菌肺病多,以支气管扩张尤为明显,堪萨斯分枝杆菌肺病薄壁空洞较为显著。

Objective To compare and analyze CT imaging features differences between Mycobacterium intracellulare pulmonary disease and Mycobacterium kansasii pulmonary disease. Methods The CT images of 70 cases with Mycobacterium intracellulare lung disease(group A) and 70 cases with Mycobacterium kansasii lung disease(group B)were collected. The CT features of the two groups were compared by statistical analysis. Results The differences of gender and age between the two groups were statistically significant. The central nodule and tree-in-bud, nodule, thick wall cavity and bronchiectasis incidences in group A were more than those in group B. The thin wall cavity incidence in group A was less than those in group B. The number of cavities in the upper and lower lobe of the right lung in group A was bigger than group B,and the proportion of bronchiectasis in the middle lobe of the right lung in group A was less than those of group B. The bronchiectasis in the middle, lower lobe of right lung and upper lobe lingual segment and lower lobe of left lung in group A were more than those in group B. Conclusion The pulmonary lesion number of Mycobacterium intracellulare was bigger than that of Mycobacterium kansasii, especially bronchiectasis. The thin wall cavity of Mycobacterium kansasii pulmonary disease is more obvious.

目的 探讨雾化吸入干扰素-α治疗对儿童疱疹性咽峡炎的治疗效果的影响。方法 本研究纳入2019年1月—2021年1月在清远市妇幼保健院住院治疗的126例疱疹性咽峡炎儿童。所有参与该研究的患儿被随机平均分为2组:对照组(63人)和干预组(63人)。对照组进行常规治疗方案,干预组在对照组基础上雾化吸入干扰素-α治疗。比较2组治疗效果的差异性。结果 干预组患儿平均发热天数(1.86±0.97天)较对照组(2.44±0.89天)低;干预组心肌酶升高比例较对照组低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预组中显效(50.8%)占主要比例,而对照组中有效(74.6%)占主要比例,并且干预组总有效率(98.4%)高于对照组(96.8%)(P<0.05)。干预组住院天数(5.02±1.85天)较对照组(5.68±1.68天)降低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在常规治疗的基础上加用雾化吸入干扰素-α治疗对提高儿童疱疹性咽峡炎的疗效有促进作用,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of nebulized inhalation of interferon-α on the therapeutic effect of herpes angina in children. Methods This study included 126 children with herpetic angina who were hospitalized in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qingyuan City from January 2019 to January 2021.All children participating in the study were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (63 children) and intervention group (63 children). The control group received conventional treatment, and the intervention group was treated with aerosol inhalation of interferon-α on the basis of the control group.The difference of the treatment effect between the two groups were compared. Results The average number of fever days of children in the intervention group (1.86±0.97 days) was lower than that of the control group (2.44±0.89 days); the increase of myocardial enzymes in the intervention group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The “obviously effective” (50.8%) in the intervention group accounted for the main proportion, while the “effective” (74.6%) in the control group accounted for the main proportion, and the total effective rate of the intervention group (98.4%) was higher than that of the control group (96.8%,P< 0.05). The length of hospitalization in the intervention group (5.02±1.85 days) was smaller than that of the control group (5.68±1.68 days), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The addition of nebulized interferon-α on the basis of conventional treatment could improve the curative effect of herpetic angina in children, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

目的 分析疼痛护理对直肠癌癌痛患者不良情绪及爆发性疼痛的影响。方法 选取2020年4月—2020年6月我院收治的68例直肠癌癌痛患者作为研究对象,通过随机分组的方式将患者分为2组,对照组使用常规临床护理模式,观察组使用疼痛护理模式,对比2组患者的癌痛程度、不良情绪及爆发性疼痛的发生率。结果 2组患者在接受不同护理模式后,SF-MPQ评分相较于护理前出现了下降(P＜0.05),其中观察组的评分与对照组比较下降(P＜0.05),但护理前2组比较并无差异(P＞0.05);2组患者在接受不同护理模式后,功能维度评分和总体健康评分相较于护理前出现了上升(P＜0.05),且与对照组比较观察组得分升高(P＜0.05),2组患者在接受不同护理模式后,症状维度评分相较于护理前降低(P＜0.05),且与对照组比较观察组的评分下降(P＜0.05);服药依从率对比结果显示,观察组(94.12%)的依从性优于对照组(61.76%),组间比较有差异(P＜0.05);爆发性疼痛对比结果显示,观察组(8.82%)低于对照组(47.06%),组间比较有差异(P＜0.05)。结论 疼痛护理可以有效应用于直肠癌癌痛患者的护理中,其不仅可以减轻患者的癌痛程度,还有利于调节患者的不良情绪,降低患者的爆发性疼痛发生率,宜广泛应用及推广。

Objective To analyze the influence of pain nursing on the negative mood and explosive pain of patients with rectal cancer pain. Methods A total of 68 patients with colorectal cancer pain in June 2020 were included as research objects, and divided into two groups by randomized grouping.Routine clinical care was applied on the control group, pain nursing was applied on the observation group.The incidence of cancer pain, negative emotions and explosive pain in both groups of patients were compared. Results After applying different care plans, two groups of patients had a significant decrease in the SF-MPQ score (P<0.05), in which the score of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), however, there were no significant differences before nursing (P>0.05). Two groups of patients were significantly improving in function scoring and the overall health scoring after receiving different care modes (P<0.05), and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The symptom dimension scores were significantly lower than before accepting different care modes (P<0.05), and the control group was significantly higher (P<0.05). The comparative results of the medicinal compliance of observation group (94.12%) were better than the control group (61.76%,P<0.05); outbreak pain comparative results showed the observation group (8.82%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (47.06%,P<0.05). Conclusion Pain nursing can be effectively used in the nursing of patients with rectal cancer pain.It can not only reduce the degree of cancer pain, but also help regulate the patient's negative mood and reduce the incidence of explosive pain.It should be widely used and promoted.