目的 评价不同运动干预对老年肌少性肥胖患者健康状况的干预效果。 方法 计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库中关于运动干预老年肌少性肥胖患者的运动干预的随机对照试验，检索时限为建库至2025年8月。采用RevMan 5.4软件进行统计分析。 结果 共计纳入13篇文献，815名参与者。运动可显著改善患者身体质量指数 (P＜0.0001)、体脂率 (P=0.001)、四肢骨骼肌质量(P＜0.0001)、握力(P=0.007)、步速 (P=0.0003)、起立-行走计时测试用时(P＜0.00001)，提高患者IGF-1水平(P =0.0003)；但IL-6(P =0.96)、血清总胆固醇(P=0.22)未见明显改变。 结论 运动可以有效降低肌少性肥胖患者的身体质量指数、体脂肪, 提高肌少性肥胖患者的身体机能、四肢骨骼肌质量和IGF-1水平,其中多组分运动和抗阻运动效果更加显著。

Objective To evaluate the effect of different exercise intervention on the health status of elderly patients with sarcopenia and obesity. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang database and VIP database were searched for randomized controlled trials on exercise intervention in elderly patients with sarcopenia and obesity until August 2025.Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the bias risk of the included studies, and then used RevMan 5. 3 software for statistical analysis. Results a total of 13 articles involving 815 participants were included.Exercise significantly reduced body mass index (P < 0.0001), body fat percentage (P = 0.001), and increased limb skeletal muscle mass (P < 0.0001).Exercise significantly improved the patient's grip strength (P = 0.007), pace (P = 0.0003), and decreased the time spent on the timed up-and-go test (P < 0. 00001).Exercise significantly increased serum IGF-1 levels (P = 0.0003), but did not significantly change serum IL-6 (P = 0.96) and serum total cholesterol (P = 0.22). Conclusion Exercise can effectively reduce the body mass index and body fat, and improve the body function, limb skeletal muscle mass and IGF-1 level in patients with sarcopenia obesity, and the effects of multi-component exercise and resistance exercise are more significant.

       目的 探讨多组分运动干预联合多学科指导下营养干预应用于老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）并发衰弱患者的效果。方法 选择郑州市第七人民医院收治的CHF并衰弱患者102例, 纳入时间为2023年11月—2024年10月, 按照随机数表法分为对照组51例给予常规运动干预+多学科指导下营养干预,观察组51例给予多组分运动干预+多学科指导下营养干预,观察两组衰弱状态、心功能指标、营养状况、生活质量、不良事件发生率。结果 与对照组相比,观察组干预后身体、心理、社会及总分明显更低（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组干预后左室射血分数（LVEF）水平明显更高,超敏心肌肌钙蛋白T（hs-cTnT）、N末端B型利钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）、左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）水平更低（P<0.05）。与对照组相比, 观察组干预后主观整体营养状况评价表（PG-SGA）评分明显更低,血红蛋白（Hb）、前白蛋白（PA）、白蛋白（ALB）水平更高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,观察组干预后症状、身体、情感及总分更低（P<0.05）。观察组不良事件发生率（1.96%）低于对照组（15.69%）（P<0.05）。结论 对CHF并发衰弱患者应用多组分运动干预联合多学科指导下营养干预,能够减轻衰弱状态, 改善心功能及营养状况,促进生活质量的提升, 并降低不良事件发生率。

       Objective To explore the effect of multi-component exercise intervention combined with nutritional intervention under multidisciplinary guidance in elderly patients with chronic heart failure（CHF）and frailty．Methods From November 2023 to October 2024, 102 CHF patients with frailty admitted to Zhengzhou Seventh People's Hospital were selected and included． According to the computer grouping method, they were divided into a control group with 51 patients, received routine exercise intervention and multidisciplinary nutrition intervention,and an observation group with 51 patients, received multi-component exercise intervention and multidisciplinary nutrition intervention．The frailty status, cardiac function indicators, nutritional status, quality of life and incidence of adverse events were observed in both groups．Results Compared with the control group,the observation group showed significantly lower physical, psychological, social, and total scores after intervention（P<0.05）．Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significantly higher levels of left ventricular ejection fraction and lower levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension after intervention（P<0.05）．Compared with the control group,the observation group had significantly lower Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment scores and higher levels of hemoglobin, prealbumin, and albumin after intervention（P<0.05）．Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly lower symptoms, physical, emotional, and total scores after intervention（P<0.05）．The incidence of adverse events in the observation group（1.96%）was lower than that in the control group（15.69%）（P<0.05）．Conclusions Multi-component exercise intervention combined with multidisciplinary nutritional intervention in patients with CHF and frailty can alleviate frailty, improve cardiac function and nutritional status,quality of life, and reduce the incidence of adverse events．

       目的   探讨运动干预联合治疗性聆听对孤独症谱系障碍儿童社会交往功能的影响。方法   选取黄河三门峡医院2020年1月—2023年10月收治的100例孤独症患儿，应用随机数字表法分为两组，各50例。对照组患儿实施常规护理，观察组在对照组基础上增加运动干预联合治疗性聆听。分别在干预前及干预6个月后采用孤独症治疗评价量表（ATEC）、儿童感觉统合发展评定量表、格塞尔发育量表（GDS）及中国韦氏儿童智力量表（WISC-R）评价两组患儿社会交往能力、感觉统合发展水平、神经发育水平及智力水平变化。结果   干预后两组患儿的ATEC各部分评分，包括健康/生理/行为、感知/认知能力、社交能力、语言表达/沟通能力及ATEC总分均降低，观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）；干预后两组患儿学习能力发展、本体感觉、触觉防御、前庭功能及儿童感觉统合发展评定量表总分均升高，观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）；干预后两组患儿动作能、应物能、言语能、应人能相关神经发育情况评分均升高，观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）；干预后两组患儿言语智商、操作智商、总智商相关WISC-R评分均升高，观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论  运动干预联合治疗性聆听对孤独症谱系障碍儿童应用效果显著，可提升其社会交往能力，促进感觉统合发展，进而促进其神经发育及智力水平提升。

       Objective  To  explore the  effect  of  exercise intervention  combined with therapeutic listening  on  social communication function in children with autism spectrum disorder．Methods  A total of 100 autistic children who were admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups by random number table method，with 50 children each．The control group received routine care，while the observation group  received exercise intervention combined with therapeutic listening in addition to routine care．The Autism Treatment Evaluation Scale （ATEC），Children’s Sensory Integration Development Scale，Gesell Development Scale，and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised by China （WISC-R）were used before and 6 months after the intervention to evaluate the social communication ability，sensory integration development level，neural development level，and intellectual level changes of the two groups of children．Results  After intervention，the score of every dimension in ATEC including the health/physiology/behavior，perception/cognitive ability，social ability，language expression/communication ability，and total ATEC score of the two groups of children decreased，and the observation group was lower than the control group （P＜0.05）．After intervention，the total scores of the learning ability development insufficient，proprioceptive dysfunction，excessive tactile defense，vestibular dysfunction，and children’s sensory integration development assessment scale in both groups of children increased，with the observation group being higher than the control group （P＜0.05）．After intervention，the neurological development scores related to motor，adapt，language，and social ability in both groups of children increased，and the observation group was higher than the control group （P＜0.05）．After intervention，the WISC-R scores related to verbal intelligence，operational intelligence，and total intelligence in both groups of children increased，and the observation group was higher than the control group （P＜0.05）．Conclusions  The combination of exercise intervention and therapeutic listening has asignificant effect on children with autism spectrum disorder，which can enhance their social communication ability，promote sensory integration development，and ultimately promote their neural development and intellectual level improvement．