目的：基于文献计量学梳理惯性测量技术在步态分析领域的研究演进与热点结构，并从护理评估与干预转化角度分析其应用空白。方法：检索 Web of Science 核心合集2005年1月1日至2025年4月5日相关英文文献，纳入1,079篇记录；采用 CiteSpace 6.3.R1、VOSviewer 1.6.20 分析年度发文、国家/地区合作、期刊分布、关键词共现与突现，并在 Python 3.10 中以 PPMI/TF-IDF 表征、SVD降维、UMAP-HDBSCAN聚类开展关键词和摘要语义分析。结果：2006—2024年发文量由1篇增至140篇，年复合增长率为31.6%，2024年达到峰值；最高频关键词为 gait（404次）、gait analysis（268次）、walking（252次）、balance（183次）和 inertial sensors（156次）。关键词与摘要语义聚类的二维轮廓系数分别为0.579和0.642，热点集中于帕金森病/冻结步态、跌倒风险、平衡稳定性、可穿戴传感器、机器学习和康复干预。含 nursing/care 等护理相关词项的记录为142篇，但“护理”尚未形成独立主题簇。结论：惯性测量步态分析已形成医工交叉的成熟热点，但护理主导的连续评估、风险预警和干预闭环仍不足。未来应将步速、步态变异性、稳定性、对称性等参数转化为可执行的护理评估指标，推动精准护理场景中的临床验证与流程整合。
Objective: To map the research evolution and hotspot structure of inertial-measurement-based gait analysis and to examine its translational gap in nursing assessment and intervention. Methods: A total of 1,079 English records published from January 1, 2005 to April 5, 2025 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace 6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 were used for annual output, collaboration, journal distribution, keyword co-occurrence and burst analyses. Keyword and abstract semantic clusters were further examined in Python 3.10 using PPMI/TF-IDF representation, SVD, UMAP and HDBSCAN. Results: Publications increased from 1 in 2006 to 140 in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate of 31.6%. The most frequent terms were gait, gait analysis, walking, balance and inertial sensors. The two-dimensional silhouette coefficients of keyword and abstract semantic clusters were 0.579 and 0.642, respectively. Major hotspots involved Parkinson disease/freezing of gait, fall risk, balance and stability, wearable sensors, machine learning and rehabilitation. Records containing nursing/care-related terms accounted for 142 publications, but nursing did not form an independent topic cluster. Conclusion: Inertial-measurement-based gait analysis has become a mature medical-engineering research field, while nurse-led continuous assessment, risk warning and intervention feedback loops remain underdeveloped. Translating gait speed, variability, stability and symmetry into actionable nursing indicators should be prioritized in future clinical validation.
目的 修订肺癌患者联合药物治疗间歇期症状评估问卷，并评价其信效度。方法 以中文版安德森症状评估量表及肺癌特异性模块为基础，经文献分析、专家会议和认知性访谈形成测试版问卷。于2023年10-12月便利选取福州、莆田2所三级甲等医院278例肺癌患者进行调查，评价其信效度及偏倚风险。结果 修订后问卷含7个症状系统、60个条目，跳转式作答后实际作答21个条目。总问卷Cronbach's α系数为0.856，各维度为0.639～0.747；内容效度指数为0.81。验证性因子分析显示模型拟合尚可（χ2/df=2.366，RMSEA=0.070，CFI=0.858），各维度因子载荷、组合信度及平均方差提取量均达到可接受标准，区分效度良好。COSMIN-RoB评价结果为良好。结论 该问卷信效度良好，可用于评估肺癌患者联合药物治疗间歇期症状严重程度。
Objective To revise the Symptom Assessment Questionnaire for Lung Cancer Patients During Combined Drug Therapy Intervals and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the Chinese version of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory and its lung cancer-specific module, a preliminary questionnaire was developed through literature review, expert panel discussions, and cognitive interviews. From October to December 2023, a convenience sample of 278 lung cancer patients was recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Fuzhou and Putian, China. Reliability, validity, and risk of bias were evaluated. Results The revised questionnaire comprised seven symptom-system domains and 60 items, with 21 items completed through a skip-logic design. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.856, and the coefficients for each domain ranged from 0.639 to 0.747. The content validity index of the questionnaire was 0.81. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated an acceptable model fit (χ2/df = 2.366, RMSEA = 0.070, CFI = 0.858). Factor loadings, composite reliability, and average variance extracted of all domains met acceptable standards, indicating good discriminant validity. The overall risk of bias was rated as good according to the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. Conclusion The revised questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity and can be used to assess symptom severity in lung cancer patients during combined drug therapy intervals.
摘要目的 探讨基于E-Coach健康管理模式的营养管理联合主动循环呼吸训练（ACBT）在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）化疗患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2023年6月至2025年8月我院收治的98例NSCLC化疗患者，采用随机数字表法将所有研究对象分为联合组和常规组，每组49例。常规组给予常规干预，联合组在常规组基础上予以E-Coach健康管理模式的营养管理联合ACBT干预。比较两组干预前后营养状况、肺功能、运动耐力、生活质量以及营养不良发生率。结果 干预12周后，两组BMI、ALB、PA、Hb均较干预前上升且联合组高于常规组（P<0.05）；联合组FVC、FEV1、MVV及6MWT均显著高于常规组（P＜0.05）；干预前两组6MWT组间对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），干预4周、6周、8周、12周后，两组6MWT均较干预前增加，且联合组远于常规组（P<0.05）；干预12周后，两组身体功能、社会或家庭功能、情感功能、功能性状况得分均较干预前上升，且联合组高于常规组（P<0.05）。结论基于E-Coach健康管理模式的营养管理联合ACBT能够有效改善NSCLC化疗患者的营养状况和肺功能，提高生活质量和运动耐力。
Abstract Objective To investigate the application effect of nutrition management based on the E-Coach health management model combined with active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) in patients undergoing chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 98 NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy in our hospital from June 2023 to August 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a combination group and a conventional group using a random number table method, with 49 cases in each group. The conventional group received routine intervention, while the combination group received nutrition management based on the E-Coach health management model combined with ACBT in addition to the routine intervention. The nutritional status, lung function, exercise endurance, quality of life, and incidence of malnutrition were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results After 12 weeks of intervention, BMI, ALB, PA, and Hb in both groups increased compared with baseline, and the levels in the combination group were higher than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The FVC, FEV1, MVV, and 6MWT in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in 6MWT between the two groups before intervention (P>0.05); after 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks of intervention, the 6MWT in both groups increased compared with baseline, and the walking distance in the combination group was significantly longer than that in the conventional group (P<0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, the scores of physical function, social/family function, emotional function, and functional well-being in both groups increased compared with baseline, and the scores in the combination group were higher than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). Conclusion Nutrition management based on the E-Coach health management model combined with ACBT can effectively improve the nutritional status and lung function of NSCLC patients undergoing chemotherapy, and enhance their quality of life and exercise endurance.
目的：探讨维生素B2（VB2）联合蓝光照射对新生儿黄疸康复进程及肝脏功能的影响。方法：选取2024年5月—2025年10月收治的150例黄疸患儿，应用随机数字表法分为常规组和试验组，每组75例。常规组接受蓝光照射治疗，试验组在常规组基础上口服VB2治疗。比较两组患儿的氧化应激反应[谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px），8 羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）、晚期蛋白氧化产物（AOPP）、超氧阴离子（O2-）]、肝脏微循环[血管性血友病因子（vWF）、可溶性血栓调节蛋白（sTM）、肝动脉阻力指数（HA-RI）、门静脉血流速度（PVV）]、胆红素排泄[总胆红素（TBil）、间接胆红素（IBil）]、肝脏功能[丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）]、康复进程[光疗时间、胆红素恢复正常时间、黄疸消退时间、住院康复时间]及治疗安全性。结果：治疗后，试验组的GSH-Px高于常规组，8-OHdG、AOPP、O2-均低于常规组（P＜0.05）；试验组的vWF、sTM、HA-RI均低于常规组，PVV高于常规组（P＜0.05）。试验组的TBil、IBil、ALT、AST分别为（80.52±5.47）μmol/L、（68.52±5.49）μmol/L、（30.25±5.48）U/L、（32.14±5.22）U/L，均低于常规组[（85.19±6.44）μmol/L、（74.37±6.52）μmol/L、（35.29±6.17）U/L、（38.55±6.48）U/L]，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。试验组的光疗时间、胆红素恢复正常时间、黄疸消退时间、住院康复时间分别为（3.05±0.33）d、（4.22±1.39）d、（5.41±1.27）d、（5.12±0.49）d，均低于常规组[（3.68±0.36）d、（5.36±1.45）d、（6.28±1.33）d、（6.51±0.54）d]，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。试验组的不良反应发生率与常规组比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：VB2联合蓝光照射可减轻黄疸患儿的氧化应激反应并改善肝脏微循环，对促进胆红素排泄、改善肝脏功能均有积极影响，在促进患儿康复同时未显著增加治疗风险。其安全性较高，可进一步推广。
Objective: To investigate the effects of vitamin B2 (VB2) combined with blue light irradiation on the recovery process and liver function of neonatal jaundice. Method: 150 children with jaundice admitted from May 2024 to October 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group using a random number table method, with 75 cases in each group. The conventional group received blue light irradiation treatment, while the experimental group received oral VB2 treatment on the basis of the conventional group. Compare the oxidative stress response of two groups of children [glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px) higher than the control group, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP), superoxide anion (O2-)], liver microcirculation [von Willebrand factor (vWF), soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), hepatic artery resistance index (HA-RI), portal vein blood flow velocity (PVV)], bilirubin excretion [total bilirubin (TBil), indirect bilirubin (IBil)], liver function [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)], rehabilitation process [phototherapy time, bilirubin recovery time to normal, jaundice regression time]. Hospitalization rehabilitation time and treatment safety. Result: After treatment, the GSH Px levels in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, while 8-OHdG, AOPP, and O2- levels were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); The vWF, sTM, and HA-RI of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group, while PVV was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The TBil, IBil, ALT, and AST of the experimental group were (80.52 ± 5.47) μ mol/L, (68.52 ± 5.49) μ mol/L, (30.25 ± 5.48) U/L, and (32.14 ± 5.22) U/L, respectively, which were lower than those of the conventional group [(85.19 ± 6.44) μ mol/L, (74.37 ± 6.52) μ mol/L, (35.29 ± 6.17) U/L, (38.55 ± 6.48) U/L], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The phototherapy time, bilirubin recovery time, jaundice resolution time, and hospital rehabilitation time of the experimental group were (3.05 ± 0.33) days, (4.22 ± 1.39) days, (5.41 ± 1.27) days, and (5.12 ± 0.49) days, respectively, which were lower than those of the conventional group [(3.68 ± 0.36) days, (5.36 ± 1.45) days, (6.28 ± 1.33) days, and (6.51 ± 0.54) days], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was not significantly different from that in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: VB2 combined with blue light irradiation can alleviate oxidative stress response and improve liver microcirculation in children with jaundice. It has a positive effect on promoting bilirubin excretion and improving liver function, and does not significantly increase treatment risk while promoting the recovery of children. It has high safety and can be further promoted.
目的：描述发病48 h内急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）患者依达拉奉右莰醇真实世界用药特征，探讨48 h内不同启动时间与住院期间神经功能改善及短期预后的关系。方法：回顾性连续筛选2023年12月1日至2026年4月30日本院诊断为AIS并使用依达拉奉右莰醇的住院患者，药学部基于药学信息系统、住院医嘱及病历记录提取资料。初筛147例，排除35例，纳入112例发病至首次用药时间（onset-to-treatment time，OTT）≤48 h者；按预设24 h界值分为24 h内用药组（n=67）和24～48 h用药组（n=45）。主要结局为住院期间美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale，NIHSS）变化值（ΔNIHSS=入院NIHSS评分－出院前NIHSS评分）；次要结局包括出院前NIHSS评分、出院改良Rankin量表（modified Rankin Scale，mRS）评分、显著神经功能改善、住院时间、出院去向及安全性事件。采用多因素线性回归分析24 h内用药与ΔNIHSS的相关性，并行简化模型、排除再灌注治疗患者、完整疗程人群、进一步调整大血管闭塞及OTT连续变量模型等敏感性分析。结果：总体OTT为19.65（14.97，34.68）h，疗程12.00（11.00，13.00）d，完成相对完整疗程比例89.3%。两组入院NIHSS评分差异无统计学意义［8.00（6.00，9.00）分 vs 8.00（6.00，10.00）分，P=0.447］；24 h内用药组出院前NIHSS评分更低［5.00（4.00，6.50）分 vs 6.00（5.00，8.00）分，P=0.025］，ΔNIHSS更高［3.00（2.00，3.00）分 vs 2.00（1.00，2.00）分，P＜0.001］，显著神经功能改善率更高（77.6% vs 60.0%，P=0.045）。多因素校正后，24 h内用药仍与更大的ΔNIHSS相关（β=0.768，95%CI：0.377～1.159，P＜0.001）；Logistic探索性分析显示其与显著神经功能改善发生可能性较高相关（OR=2.475，95%CI：1.047～5.853，P=0.039）。两组出血转化、症状性颅内出血、药物相关不良反应及院内死亡差异均无统计学意义。结论：本单中心真实世界队列中，发病48 h内依达拉奉右莰醇治疗疗程完成比例较高、短期安全性事件发生率低；24 h内启动治疗与住院期间NIHSS改善幅度较大及显著神经功能改善率较高相关。由于为回顾性观察性研究，结果应解释为关联性证据，需前瞻性、多中心研究及长期功能结局验证。
Objective: To describe real-world treatment characteristics of edaravone dexborneol in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated within 48 hours of onset and to explore the association between initiation time and short-term in-hospital outcomes. Methods: This single-center retrospective real-world study screened hospitalized AIS patients with edaravone dexborneol records from December 1, 2023 to April 30, 2026. Medication data were extracted from the pharmacy information system, inpatient orders, and medical records. After 35 exclusions, 112 of 147 patients with onset-to-treatment time (OTT) ≤48 h were included and classified by a prespecified 24-hour cutoff into a within-24-hour group (n=67) and a 24-48-hour group (n=45). The primary outcome was in-hospital National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) change (ΔNIHSS=admission NIHSS minus pre-discharge NIHSS); secondary outcomes included pre-discharge NIHSS, discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS), marked neurological improvement, length of stay, discharge destination, and safety events. Multivariable linear regression assessed the association between within-24-hour treatment and ΔNIHSS, with sensitivity analyses using simplified adjustment, exclusion of reperfusion-treated patients, the complete-course population, additional adjustment for large-vessel occlusion, and continuous OTT modeling. Results: Median OTT was 19.65 (14.97, 34.68) h, treatment duration was 12.00 (11.00, 13.00) days, and 89.3% completed a relatively complete course. Baseline NIHSS was comparable [8.00 (6.00, 9.00) vs 8.00 (6.00, 10.00), P=0.447]. The within-24-hour group had lower pre-discharge NIHSS [5.00 (4.00, 6.50) vs 6.00 (5.00, 8.00), P=0.025], greater ΔNIHSS [3.00 (2.00, 3.00) vs 2.00 (1.00, 2.00), P<0.001], and a higher marked improvement rate (77.6% vs 60.0%, P=0.045). After adjustment for age, admission NIHSS, reperfusion therapy, and atrial fibrillation, within-24-hour treatment remained associated with greater ΔNIHSS (β=0.768, 95% CI: 0.377-1.159, P<0.001). Exploratory logistic regression showed a higher likelihood of marked improvement (OR=2.475, 95% CI: 1.047-5.853, P=0.039). Hemorrhagic transformation, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, drug-related adverse reactions, and in-hospital death did not differ significantly. Conclusion: In this real-world cohort, edaravone dexborneol within 48 h of AIS onset showed a high complete-course proportion and low short-term safety event incidence. Initiation within 24 h was associated with greater in-hospital NIHSS improvement and a higher marked improvement rate than initiation at 24-48 h. These findings are associative and need prospective multicenter validation with long-term functional outcomes.
分析经开窗减压+二期刮治术治疗巨大型颌骨囊肿的效果。方法：回顾性采集100例巨大型颌骨囊肿的临床资料（2020年1月至2024年12月），按手术方法分组（传统刮治组、开窗减压+二期刮治术组），各50例，观察两组治疗有效率、炎症因子水平、并发症、华盛顿大学生活质量问卷（UW-QOL）评分及疾病复发情况。结果：总有效率比较，开窗减压+二期刮治术组（96.00%）比传统刮治组（82.00%）高（P＜0.05）；与传统刮治组比较，术后1周开窗减压+二期刮治术组白介素-6（IL-6）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平更低（P＜0.05）；开窗减压+二期刮治术组并发症总发生率为 6.00%，低于传统刮治组的22.00%（P＜0.05）；UW-QOL各维度（情绪、外貌、疼痛、咀嚼、味觉、唾液）评分比较，术后6个月开窗减压+二期刮治术组比传统刮治组高（P＜0.05）；开窗减压+二期刮治术组复发率（2.00%）比传统刮治组（16.00%）低（P＜0.05）。结论：对巨大型颌骨囊肿患者开展开窗减压+二期刮治术，有利于抑制炎症反应，改善临床结局，提升生活质量。
To analyze the effect of fenestrated decompression + two-stage curettage in the treatment of giant mandibular cysts. Methods: The clinical data of 100 cases of giant jaw cysts (from January 2020 to December 2024) were retrospectively collected and divided into groups according to surgical methods (traditional curettage group, fenestrated decompression + two-stage curettage group), 50 cases in each group, and the treatment effectiveness, inflammatory factor levels, complications, University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL) scores and disease recurrence were observed in the two groups. Results: Comparing the total effective rate, the window decompression + second-stage curettage group (96.00%) was higher than the traditional curettage group (82.00%) (P<0.05); compared with the traditional curettage group, the window decompression + second-stage curettage group 1 week after surgery The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the surgery group were lower (P<0.05); the total incidence of complications in the window decompression + second-stage curettage group was 6.00%, lower than 22.00% in the traditional scaling group (P<0.05); comparison of UW-QOL scores in each dimension (emotion, appearance, pain, chewing, taste, saliva), window opening 6 months after surgery The decompression + two-stage curettage group was higher than the traditional curettage group (P<0.05); the recurrence rate of the window decompression + two-stage curettage group (2.00%) was lower than the traditional curettage group (16.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Carrying out fenestration decompression + two-stage curettage for patients with giant jaw cysts can help suppress the inflammatory reaction, improve clinical outcomes, and enhance the quality of life.
目的：分析急性有机磷农药中毒（AOPP）引发缺血缺氧性脑病预后相关因素，建立相关的预后预测模型。方法：回顾性分析90例（33例预后不良、57例预后良好）AOPP致HIE患者（2022年3月～2025年8月）的临床资料、中毒指标和血清学指标，独立危险因素用Logistic回顾分析筛选，并构建预后不良预测模型，采用ROC工具对模型效能进行验证。结果：Logistic 回归分析显示，年龄≥60岁、重度中毒、中毒至就诊时间、LAC水平、CHE水平、CRP水平及NSE水平均为患者预后不良的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）；AUC、灵敏度、特异度为0.943、90.91%、87.72%。结论：高龄、中毒程度高及中毒至就诊时间长等因素可导致AOPP致HIE患者出现不良结局，据此构建风险预测模型可有效预测预后不良的发生风险。
To determine the key impacting factors for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) caused by acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP) and build a prediction model. Methods: The clinical data, poisoning indicators and serological indicators of 90 patients (33 cases with poor prognosis and 57 cases with good prognosis) with HIE caused by AOPP (from March 2022 to Aug 2025) were analyzed. Independent risk factors were screened using logistic retrospective analysis, and a poor prognosis prediction model was constructed. The model efficiency was verified by the receiver operating curve (ROC). Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years, severe poisoning, time from poisoning to treatment, LAC level, CHE level, CRP level, and NSE level were all risk factors for the prognosis in patients (P < 0.05). The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.943, 90.91%, and 87.72%.Conclusion: Factors such as advanced age, high degree of poisoning, and long time from poisoning to treatment can lead to adverse outcomes in patients with HIE caused by AOPP. Based on this, building a risk prediction model can effectively predict the risk of poor prognosis.
目的 评价不同运动干预对老年肌少性肥胖患者健康状况的干预效果。 方法 计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库中关于运动干预老年肌少性肥胖患者的运动干预的随机对照试验，检索时限为建库至2025年8月。采用RevMan 5.4软件进行统计分析。 结果 共计纳入13篇文献，815名参与者。运动可显著改善患者身体质量指数 (P＜0.0001)、体脂率 (P=0.001)、四肢骨骼肌质量(P＜0.0001)、握力(P=0.007)、步速 (P=0.0003)、起立-行走计时测试用时(P＜0.00001)，提高患者IGF-1水平(P =0.0003)；但IL-6(P =0.96)、血清总胆固醇(P=0.22)未见明显改变。 结论 运动可以有效降低肌少性肥胖患者的身体质量指数、体脂肪, 提高肌少性肥胖患者的身体机能、四肢骨骼肌质量和IGF-1水平,其中多组分运动和抗阻运动效果更加显著。
Objective To evaluate the effect of different exercise intervention on the health status of elderly patients with sarcopenia and obesity. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang database and VIP database were searched for randomized controlled trials on exercise intervention in elderly patients with sarcopenia and obesity until August 2025.Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the bias risk of the included studies, and then used RevMan 5. 3 software for statistical analysis. Results a total of 13 articles involving 815 participants were included.Exercise significantly reduced body mass index (P < 0.0001), body fat percentage (P = 0.001), and increased limb skeletal muscle mass (P < 0.0001).Exercise significantly improved the patient's grip strength (P = 0.007), pace (P = 0.0003), and decreased the time spent on the timed up-and-go test (P < 0. 00001).Exercise significantly increased serum IGF-1 levels (P = 0.0003), but did not significantly change serum IL-6 (P = 0.96) and serum total cholesterol (P = 0.22). Conclusion Exercise can effectively reduce the body mass index and body fat, and improve the body function, limb skeletal muscle mass and IGF-1 level in patients with sarcopenia obesity, and the effects of multi-component exercise and resistance exercise are more significant.
虽然高效抗逆转录病毒治疗已经把艾滋病变成了能够长期管理的慢性传染病，可是患者预后的个体差异比较明显。近些年不良环境暴露被发现是影响艾滋病生存质量、免疫重建、疾病进展的重要外源性因素。环境污染物作为广泛存在而且有可预防的外部风险因素，有着低剂量、长时程、多途径暴露的特点，能够通过免疫毒性、氧化应激、慢性炎症激活、代谢紊乱等多种通路，干扰艾滋病患者的免疫重建进程和病毒抑制效果，进而影响其疾病进展、远期生存结局。本文系统综述了大气污染物、重金属、黄曲霉素、多环芳烃等典型环境污染物与艾滋病患者发病进展及预后转归的关联，深入分析人群易感性差异和当前研究存在的局限，可为优化HIV/AIDS患者的健康管理策略、降低环境相关健康风险、改善患者远期预后给予理论参考和实践依据。
Although highly active antiretroviral therapy has turned AIDS into a chronic infectious disease that can be managed for a long time, the individual differences in the prognosis of patients are obvious. In recent years, adverse environmental exposure has been found to be an important exogenous factor affecting the quality of life, immune reconstruction and disease progression of AIDS. As an external risk factor that exists and has potential intervention, environmental pollutants have the characteristics of low-dose, long-term and multi-channel exposure. They can interfere with the immune reconstruction process and virus inhibition effect of AIDS patients through various pathways such as immunotoxicity, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation activation, and metabolic disorders, thereby affecting their disease progression and long-term survival outcomes. This article systematically reviews the association between typical environmental pollutants such as air pollutants, heavy metals, aflatoxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the progression and prognosis of AIDS patients. In-depth analysis of the differences in population susceptibility and the limitations of current research can provide theoretical reference and practical basis for optimizing the health management strategies of HIV / AIDS patients, reducing environmental-related health risks, and improving the long-term prognosis of patients.
