目的 了解并分析白云区不同年龄段男性精液质量现状。方法 选取2020年1月—2021年12月在我中心就诊的已婚孕前体检男性为研究对象,开展常规精液检测,采集精液标本进行分析。结果 白云区育龄男性精液各项指标均在正常范围仅有3 176例（占比57.52%）,随年龄的增加,精液指标总活力、存活率和精子前向运动指标逐渐降低（P<0.05）。结论 26~30岁年龄段男性的精液质量各项指标正常率较其他年龄组更好（P<0.05）,是男性生育的黄金年龄。

Objective To understand and analyze the status of semen quality in men of different ages in Baiyun District of Guangzhou. Methods From January 2020 to December 2021,married men who received pre-pregnant physical examination in our center were selected as the research subjects．Routine semen testing was conducted,and samples were collected for semen analysis. Results Only 3176 cases（57.52%）of male semen data of childbearing age in Baiyun District were within the normal range．With the increase of age,total semen motility,survival rate and sperm forward motility decreased gradually（P < 0.05）. Conclusions Men in the age group of 26-30 years had higher normal rates of all indicators of semen quality than other age groups（P < 0.05）,which is the golden age of male fertility.

目的 了解广州市白云区医护人员对艾滋病感染者/患者（PLWHA）的歧视态度情况,分析其影响因素,并为降低医护人员对PLWHA的歧视态度提供建议。方法 以Lau等设计的AIDS歧视态度量表和张燕等研制的医护人员对PLWHA治疗意愿量表为主设计的调查问卷,对广州市白云区的医护人员进行随机抽样调查,对结果进行描述,研究两量表得分与HIV知识水平的相关性。结果 广州市白云区7家医疗机构并接受培训议会的医护人员AIDS歧视态度量表和治疗意愿量表平均得分分别为（46.66±10.23）分和（32.74±5.89）分,医护人员性别和接受HIV培训的AIDS歧视量表得分存在统计学差异（P<0.01）,单位、性别和接受HIV培训与否的治疗意愿量表得分存在统计学差异（P<0.05）;HIV知识水平与AIDS歧视量表得分和治疗意愿量表得分存在相关性,相关系数值r_s分别为-0.301（P<0.001）和-0.219（P<0.001）。结论 广州市白云区医护人员的性别、接受培训与否和HIV知识水平对AIDS歧视量表和治疗意愿量表得分均有影响。应加强白云区医护人员的艾滋病知识培训和各人群的权益保护,以降低医护人员对PLWHA的歧视态度。

Objective To understand the discriminatory attitudes of medical staff to people living with HIV/AIDS（PLWHA）in Guangzhou Baiyun District,analyze the influencing factors,and provide suggestions for reducing the discriminatory attitudes of medical staff to PLWHA．Methods Based on Lau's AIDS Discrimination Attitude Scale and Zhang Yan's Medical Personnel's Adjustment Questionnaire for PLWHA Treatment Willingness Scale,the questionnaire was designed to do a random sampling survey among medical personnel in Guangzhou Baiyun District,and the results were described by regression analysis,to study the correlation between the scores of the two scales and the level of HIV knowledge．Results The average scores of AIDS Discrimination Attitude Scale and Treatment Willingness Scale of medical staff in 7 medical institutions with training in Guangzhou Baiyun District were（46.66±10.23）and（32.74±5.89）respectively．There were statistical differences in AIDS discrimination scale scores of medical staff's gender and whether they received training or not（P< 0.01）,and there were statistical differences in Treatment Willingness Scale scores among institutions,gender and whether they received training or not（P< 0.05）．HIV knowledge level was correlated with the scores of AIDS Discrimination Scale and Treatment Willingness Scale,and the correlation coefficients were -0.301（P < 0.001）and -0.219（P < 0.001）．Conclusions Gender,training or not,and HIV knowledge level of medical staff in this area have an impact on the scores of the AIDS Discrimination Scale and the Treatment Willingness Scale．In order to reduce the discriminatory attitude of medical staff towards PLWHA,the AIDS knowledge and the protection of rights and interests of all groups should be strengthened.

目的 了解广州市某三甲综合医院2016—2022年住院病例的疾病分布特征,探究新型冠状病毒感染（新冠）疫情对疾病谱的影响,为医院合理配置医疗资源、提高医院医疗水平提供参考。方法 回顾性收集广州市某三甲综合医院2016—2022年间住院病例的病例数据,按照ICD-10国际统计分类标准进行分类,建立Joinpoint回归模型对不同类别疾病构成比的时间变化趋势进行分析。结果 2016—2022年间,前12顺位的疾病种类不变,构成比呈上升趋势的有4种,分别是循环系统疾病、肿瘤、消化系统疾病以及眼和附器疾病,构成比呈下降趋势的有3种,分别是呼吸系统疾病、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病以及妊娠、分娩和产褥期。对这7类系统疾病进行不同性别、不同年龄段和不同居住地（广州市内/市外）的亚组分析,结果显示,除眼和附器疾病与妊娠、分娩和产褥期外,其余5种系统疾病在男性和女性中变化趋势比较差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。25岁以上人群循环系统疾病、肿瘤和消化系统疾病比例呈上升趋势。45岁以上人群眼和附器疾病的住院比例逐年上升。呼吸系统疾病的下降趋势集中出现在0~5岁和65岁以上人群,肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病的下降趋势可在45岁以上人群中被观测到,妊娠、分娩和产褥期的下降趋势则可在45岁以下人群中被观测到。总体和市内来源的住院病例的各系统疾病构成比变化趋势均未发现有2019年的连接拐点。但对于居住地在广州市外的病例,有6种系统疾病均存在一个2019年的连接拐点,与2016—2019年相比,2020—2022年增长趋势普遍减弱或者略有降低,但均无统计学意义,2022年市外来源住院病例的多种疾病占比低于2019年。≤24岁年龄组的病例因妊娠、分娩和产褥期住院的比例在2019年以后降低趋势加快,但也无统计学意义,2020—2022年≤24岁人群因妊娠、分娩和产褥期住院的比例低于2019年水平。结论 2016—2022年期间住院病例疾病谱有较大变化,这种变化趋势在不同性别、不同年龄段和居住地间效应存在差异。2020—2022年的新冠疫情流行主要降低了居住地在广州市外的住院病例多个系统疾病的比例以及24岁及以下患者因妊娠、分娩和产褥期住院的比例。

Objective To understand the disease distribution characteristics of inpatients in a 3-A-grade general hospital in Guangzhou from 2016 to 2022,to explore the impact of the COVID-19 on the disease spectrum,and to provide reference for hospitals to reasonably allocate medical resources and improve medical level. Methods Inpatient case data of a 3-A-grade general hospital from 2016 to 2022 were retrospectively collected and were classified according to the ICD-10 international statistical classification standard. A Joinpoint regression model was established to analyze the temporal trend of disease composition ratios in different categories. Results From 2016 to 2022,the type of top 12 diseases remained unchanged. There were 4 diseases showing an upward trend in composition,namely circulatory system diseases,tumors,digestive system diseases and eye and accessory organ diseases. There were 3 diseases showing a downward trend in composition,namely respiratory system diseases,musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases,as well as pregnancy,childbirth and postpartum period. A subgroup analysis was conducted on these 7 types of systemic diseases by gender,age group and place of residence(within/outside Guangzhou). The results showed that except for eye and accessory organ diseases and pregnancy,childbirth and postpartum period,there was no significant difference in the trend of changes in the other 5 systemic diseases between males and females(all P>0. 05). The upward trend of circulatory system diseases,tumors and digestive system diseases could be observed in people over the age of 25. The hospitalization rate of eye and accessory organ diseases among people over 45 years old was increasing year by year. The downward trend of respiratory diseases was concentrated in people aged 0~5 and over 65 years old,while the downward trend of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases could be observed in people aged 45 and above. The downward trend of pregnancy,childbirth and postpartum period could be observed in people under 45 years old. The trend of changes in the proportion of systemic diseases among inpatient cases from both overall and within Guangzhou had not been found to have a joinpoint in 2019. However,for cases residing outside of Guangzhou,there were six systemic diseases that all had a joinpoint in 2019. Compared with the growth trend from 2016 to 2019,the growth trend from 2020 to 2022 generally weakened or showed a slightly downward trend,but none of them were statistically significant. In 2022,the proportion of multiple diseases in hospitalized cases from outside Guangzhou was lower than that in 2019. The proportion of cases in the age group ≤24 years old who are hospitalized due to pregnancy,childbirth and postpartum period has been decreasing rapidly since 2019,but there was no statistical significance. The proportion of cases hospitalized due to pregnancy,childbirth and postpartum period in the population ≤24 years old from 2020 to 2022 was significantly lower than the level in 2019. Conclusions The disease spectrum of inpatients had undergone significant changes between 2016 and 2022,and these trends of changes were different among different genders,age groups and places of residence. The prevalence of the COVID-19 from 2020 to 2022 mainly reduced the proportion of inpatients with multiple systemic diseases living outside Guangzhou,and the proportion of inpatients aged 24 and under hospitalized for pregnancy,childbirth and puerperium.

目的 了解越秀区助产机构医务人员对艾滋病母婴阻断知识及患者相关权益知识掌握情况,为更好地贯彻落实消除艾滋病母婴传播工作提供下一步工作策略和措施依据。方法 于2022年7月—8月,对广州市越秀区5家助产机构妇产科、保健科和医务科的医务人员进行艾滋病母婴阻断知识政策及HIV感染孕产妇相关权益知识的问卷调查。结果 465名医务人员对个别艾滋病母婴阻断政策了解不足,包括“人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染孕产妇到定点医疗机构终止妊娠或住院分娩时可以获得一定的减免”（知晓率79.78%）、“HIV感染孕产妇的宝宝可以免费领取一定数量的奶粉”（知晓率66.88%）;医务人员对HIV感染孕产妇的生育相关权益认识严重不足,对HIV感染孕产妇生育权益认识正确的仅有45.59%。临床护士群体对上述艾滋病母婴阻断政策及HIV感染孕产妇相关权益的知晓率低于临床医生及其他医务人员,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 越秀区助产机构医务人员对艾滋病母婴阻断知识有一定的了解,但掌握不够完整、全面,对HIV感染患者的生育权认识严重不足,应进一步加强对助产机构医务人员、尤其是护士群体关于艾滋病母婴阻断政策知识及患者相关权益的培训,以更好地贯彻落实消除艾滋病母婴传播工作,保障HIV感染患者的权益。

Objective To understand the knowledge of medical staff of midwifery institutions in Yuexiu District about AIDS prevention of mother-to-children transmission（PMTCT）and patients' rights and interests,in order to provide the basis for the following work strategy and measures for better implementation of the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV．Methods From July to August in 2022,a questionnaire survey about knowledge and policies of AIDS PMTCT and rights of HIV infected pregnant women was conducted among the medical staff of obstetrics and gynecology department,health care department and medical department in five midwifery institutions in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City．Results A total of 465 medical workers had insufficient understanding of some policies on PMTCT of AIDS,including HIV-infected pregnant women can obtain certain fee waiver when they go to designated medical institutions to terminate pregnancy or hospitalized deliver（awareness rate of 79.78%）,HIV-infected pregnant women's babies can receive a certain amount of free milk powder（awareness rate of 66.88%）．There was a serious lack of awareness of reproductive rights of HIV-infected pregnant women among medical staff,and only 45.59% of them had correct understanding．The awareness rate of the PMTCT and the rights and interests of HIV-infected pregnant women among clinical nurses was significantly lower than that among clinicians and other medical staff．Conclusions The medical staff of midwifery institutions in Yuexiu District have some knowledge about the PMTCT of AIDS,but their knowledge is not complete and comprehensive,and their understanding of the reproductive rights of HIV-infected patients is seriously inadequate,so it is necessary to further strengthen the training of medical staff in midwifery institutions,especially nurses,on the policy knowledge of PMTCT of AIDS and the related rights and interests of patients,in order to better implement the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS and protect the rights and interests of infected patients．

目的 了解广州市社区居民对中医“治未病”的认知现状,分析其影响因素,并为中医“治未病”的进一步发展提出可行建议。方法 采用多阶段整群抽样法,对广州市不同区域的652名居民进行问卷调查,通过描述性分析和χ²检验分别对基本认知情况与影响因素进行阐述。结果 广州市居民对“治未病”服务了解情况不太理想（67.80%）,接受“治未病”服务的意愿情况较好（77.91%）,对于中医“治未病”服务的认知还比较片面,主要通过手机、网络、社区等方式了解相关内容。影响居民接受意愿的因素主要是年龄、学历、户口、职业类型等。结论 目前广州市社区中医“治未病”服务具有一定群众基础和发展潜力,但是还存在居民认知不足、宣传力度不够、服务能力不足等问题,应当着重从这些方面进行改进。

Objective To understand the current cognitive status of community residents in Guangzhou regarding traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）pre-treatment,analyze its influencing factors,and provide feasible suggestions for the further development of TCM pre-treatment．Methods By multi-stage cluster sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 652 residents in different regions of Guangzhou．Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used to elucidate the basic cognitive situation and influencing factors．Results The understanding of TCM pre-treatment services among residents in Guangzhou was not ideal（67.8%）,and their willingness to receive TCM pre-treatment services was good（77.91%）．Their understanding of TCM pre-treatment services was quite one-sided,mainly through mobile phones,internet,communities and other means．The main factors affecting residents' willingness to accept this service were age,education level,household registration and occupation．Conclusions At present,the TCM pre-treatment service in the community of Guangzhou has a certain mass basis and development potential．However,there are still problems such as insufficient residents' awareness,insufficient publicity,and insufficient service capabilities,which should be improved in the future．

目的 本研究对广州地区5家教学医院的鲍曼不动杆菌进行分子流行病学分析。方法 5家教学医院共采集138株鲍曼不动杆菌,利用多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing,MLST)及eBURST算法评价菌株之间的遗传关系。结果 MLST将138株鲍曼不动杆菌分为8个已有序列类型(STs),分别为ST195、ST208、ST457、ST136、ST254、ST548、ST445和ST53,还发现17个新STs。其中ST195的数量最多,占所有分离株的35.5%(49/138),其次为ST208,占所有分离株的21.0%(29/138)。eBURST算法分析显示以ST195为预测祖先型的克隆复合体(clonal complex, CC) 195在医院环境中广泛传播。结论 鲍曼不动杆菌CC195是广州地区的流行克隆,各家医疗机构应根据其自身实际制定感染防控策略。

Objective We analyzed the molecular epidemiology of A.baumannii isolated from 5 teaching hospitals in Guangzhou to identify the epidemic clone in this area. Methods A total of 138 strains of A.baumannii were collected from 5 teaching hospitals, and the genetic relationship was evaluated by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and eBURST algorithm. Results MLST divided 138 strains of A.baumannii into 8 existing sequence types (STs), namely ST195, ST208, ST457, ST136, ST254, ST548, ST445 and ST53, and 17 new STs. Among them, ST195 had the largest number, accounting for 35.5% (49/138) of all isolates, followed by ST208, accounting for 21.0% (29/138) of all isolates. eBURST algorithm showed that the clonal complex (CC) 195, the predicted founder ST195, was widely spread in the hospital environment. Conclusion A.baumannii CC195 was an epidemic clone in Guangzhou area. Medical institution should develop infection prevention and control strategies according to its own actual conditions.

目的 探讨广州地区儿童2019新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV)感染筛查/疑似病例的流行病学特点、发病特点、可能的原因及防控建议。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月20日—2020年2月29日广州市唯一一家儿童2019-nCoV感染隔离定点医疗单位隔离病房收治住院的符合儿童2019-nCoV感染筛查/疑似病例129例,对其流行病学、发病特点、临床特征、实验室检查及转归、随访等进行总结分析。 结果 男 79例,女 50例,最小1个月,最大13岁,中位数2岁,51例(39.5%)有武汉疫区旅游或居住史,20例(15.5%)有与来自疫区有呼吸道症状人员接触史,17例(13.1%)周边或社区有确诊病例,3例(2.3%)有确诊病人接触史(其中2例为家庭确诊病例密切接触史),38例(29.5%)为临床符合或聚集性发病;临床症状:发热121例(93.8%),咳嗽92例(71.3%),流涕50例(38.8%),32例伴有腹泻、呕吐/腹痛(24.8%),102例(79.0%)白细胞降低或正常,C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)＜20 mg/L有103例(79.8%),57例(44.2%)胸片或CT示肺部斑片状影或实变;病原学检查:2019-nCoV实时荧光定量反转录PCR检测结果:所有患儿及陪同家属都有行咽拭子检查,只有21例患儿(16.3%)有行肛拭子检查,仅有1例(0.78%)家庭确诊病例密切接触者肛拭子阳性,但连续多次咽拭子结果阴性,余患者肛拭子和咽拭子及陪同家属咽拭子结果均阴性。其他病原学检查结果61例(47.3%),包括14例RSV阳性,9例流感病毒A,8例人偏肺病毒,6例肠道病毒,6例流感病毒B,6例肺炎支原体,4例副流感病毒1型,1例副流感病毒3型,2例人博卡病毒,3例腺病毒,1例肺炎克雷伯菌,1例人型葡萄球菌,其中1例合并副流感病毒1型及人博卡病毒。跟踪唯一1例确诊患者咽拭子多次检查均阴性,肛拭子持续19天后才转阴,一直无任何症状。其余患者好转出院后第3天、7天及14天进行随访,无异常发现。结论 儿童2019-nCoV感染筛查/疑似病例临床多表现为呼吸道或消化道症状,确诊主要依靠核酸检测,新冠病毒感染确诊率极低,而其将近50%病例能找到除新冠病毒外的其它相关病原体;高危患者为密切接触者,但存在漏诊的可能,肛拭子阳性率或高于咽拭子。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics, onset characteristics, pathogenic mechanism of 2019-nCoV infection in children, and its control and prevention in Guangzhou. Methods From January 20, 2020 to February 29, 2020, a retrospective analysis was carried out on 129 suspected cases of 2019-nCoV infection admitted to the isolation ward of the only medical unit designated for children in Guangzhou. The epidemiology, disease characteristics, clinical characteristics, laboratory examination, outcome and follow-up were summarized and analyzed. Results There were 79 males and 50 females, with a minimum age of 1 month and a maximum age of 13 years. Anong them, 51 cases (39.5%) had a history of tourism or residence in the epidemic area of Wuhan, 20 cases (15.5%) had a history of contact with people with respiratory symptoms from the epidemic area, 17 cases (13.1%) with a confirmed case in the surrounding area or community, 3 cases (2.3%) had a history of contact with a confirmed patient (2 of them were family clustering cases), 38 cases (29.5%) were clinically suspected cases. Clinical symptoms: 121 cases with fever (93.8%), 92 cases with coughing (71.3%), 50 cases with runny nose (38.8%), 32 cases with diarrhea, vomiting or abdominal pain (24.8%). In 102 cases (79.0%), white blood cells were decreased or normal, 103 cases (79.8%) with CRP＜20 mg/L, and 57 cases (44.2%) showed focal infection on chest X-ray or CT scan. Etiological examination: only one case (0.78%) of the family confirmed cases had positive anal swab result, but the throat swab results were negative all the time. The anal swab and throat swab results of other patients and the throat swab results of their accompanying family members were negative. Other pathogens were detected in 61 cases (47.3%), including 14 RSV positive cases, 9 influenza A positive cases, 8 human metapneumovirus positive cases, 6 enterovirus positive cases, 6 influenza B positive cases, 6 Mycoplasma pneumoniae positive cases, 4 parainfluenza virus type 1 positive cases, 1 parainfluenza virus type 3 positive cases, 2 human bocavirus positive cases, 3 adenovirus positive cases, 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae positive cases, 1 Human Staphylococcus positive case, and 1 case with parainfluenza virus type 1 and human bocavirus. The only confirmed patient was followed up while multiple pharyngeal swab results were negative, and the positive anal swab results lasted for 19 days before turning negative and remained asymptomatic. Other patients were followed up on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after discharge, and no abnormal findings were found. Conclusion Screening/suspected cases of 2019-nCoV infection in children were mostly clinically manifested as respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. The diagnosis rate of nucleic acids was extremely low, and there was a possibility of missed diagnosis. Nearly 50% of cases could find other relevant pathogens excluding the 2019-nCoV. The positive rate of anal swab results was higher than that of pharyngeal swab.

目的 了解广州市属医院儿科医生职业倦怠的现状及其社会支持的相关性,对儿科医生的职业倦怠干预提供参考依据。方法 采用职业倦怠量表和社会支持评定量表对广州市属医院儿科医生进行方便抽样调查,并运用Excel和SPSS 25.0对调查结果进行统计描述、方差分析和相关分析。结果 广州市属医院370名儿科医生中共有272人(73.51%)出现不同程度的职业倦怠,中度倦怠者居多,为117人(31.62%)。职业倦怠三个维度中情感耗竭维度得分最高,为(21.64±7.17)分;社会支持总分为(37.68±8.24)分,客观支持、主观支持、支持利用维度得分分别为(7.71±3.23)、(22.53±5.03)、(7.44±1.92)分。其中社会支持处于水平低者居多,为227人(61.35%)。职业倦怠各维度和社会支持各维度两两之间均呈负相关。结论 广州市属医院儿科医生存在较严重的职业倦怠状况,社会支持状况大多处于低水平,尤其客观支持状况较差。社会支持水平越高,职业倦怠程度越轻,提示在缓解职业倦怠时应当充分考虑社会支持对其职业倦怠的影响作用。

Objective By understanding the current situation of job burnout of pediatricians in Guangzhou municipal hospitals and the correlation of social support, to provide reference basis for pediatricians to intervene in job burnout. Methods The Burnout Inventory and the Social Support Rating Scale were used for pediatricians in Guangzhou municipal hospitals, and Excel and SPSS 25.0 were used to conduct statistical description, variance analysis and correlation analysis of the survey results. Results There were 272 pediatricians (73.51%) showed different degrees of job burnout of the 370 pediatricians in Guangzhou municipal hospitals, among which 117 pediatricians (31.62%) showed moderate burnout. Among the three dimensions of job burnout, the highest score was emotional exhaustion (21.64±7.17). The total score of social support was (37.68±8.24), and the dimensions of the objective support, the subjective support and the utilization of support were (7.71±3.23), (22.53±5.03), (7.44±1.92), respectively. Among them 227 (61.35%) had low level of social support. Additionally, there was a negative correlation between each dimension of job burnout and each dimension of social support. Conclusion Pediatricians in Guangzhou municipal hospitals have more serious job burnout, and most of them have low level of social support, especially poor objective support. The higher level of social support will have the lower degree of job burnout. It suggests that the impact of social support on job burnout should be fully considered for alleviating job burnout.

目的 通过血常规分析和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平检测,探讨其对儿童甲型和乙型流感的辅助诊断价值,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法 选择3 069名甲型流感患儿、2 307名乙型流感患儿、855名健康儿童,统计分析血常规参数以及CRP水平。采用ROC曲线分析血常规对甲乙型流感的区分效能。结果 甲组白细胞计数(WBC)均值高于正常组,乙组则相反,甲乙组中性粒细胞百分比(Neut%)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞百分比比值(NLR)、单核细胞百分比(Mono%)的均值高于正常组,甲乙组淋巴细胞百分比(Lymph%)、血小板计数(PLT)的均值低于正常组。甲组中性粒细胞计数(Neut#)、单核细胞计数(Mono#)、CRP、PLT的均值均高于乙组,Lymph%和淋巴细胞计数(Lymph#)的均值低于乙组。甲组在WBC>13×10⁹/L、Neut%>70.7、Lymph%<19.1的构成比高于乙组。NLR预测甲型流感临界值为2.08(敏感度为75.9%,特异度为89.4%),预测乙型流感临界值为2.11(敏感度为50.5%,特异度为89.8%)。结论 血常规参数和CRP水平变化可用于判断流感患儿是否存在细菌感染,指导临床用药;NLR作为一种新型预测标志物,其变化可以对区分甲型、乙型流感,尤其是甲型流感具有临床价值。

Objective Through blood analysis and C-reactive protein (CRP) level detection, to explore its value in the auxiliary diagnosis of influenza A and B in children, and to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods 3 069 children with influenza A, 2 307 children with influenza B, and 855 healthy children were selected, and blood routine parameters and CRP levels were statistically analyzed. The ROC curve was used to analyze the discriminatory efficacy of blood routine on influenza A and B. Results The mean value of white blood cell count (WBC) in group A was higher than that in normal group, but in group B it had the opposite result. The percentage of neutrophils (Neut%), the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR), and the percentage of monocytes (the mean value of Mono%) is higher than that of normal group, and the mean value of lymphocyte percentage (Lymph%) and platelet count (PLT) of group A and B is lower than that of normal group. The mean values of neutrophil count (Neut#), monocyte count (Mono#), CRP and PLT in group A were higher than those in group B, and the mean values of Lymph% and lymphocyte count (Lymph#) were lower than those in group B. The composition ratios of group A in WBC>13×10⁹/L, Neut%>70.7, Lymph%<19.1 were higher than that in group B. The NLR predicted the critical value of influenza A was 2.08 (sensitivity 75.9%, specificity 89.4%), and the predicted influenza B threshold value was 2.11 (sensitivity 50.5%, specificity 89.8%). Conclusion Changes in blood routine parameters and CRP levels can be used to determine whether there is a bacterial infection in children with influenza and to guide clinical medication; NLR as a new predictive marker, its changes can distinguish influenza A or B. Especially in influenza A determination, it has clinical value.

目的 通过回顾分析广州地区Rh阴性血的采供情况,了解Rh阴性红细胞的供应特点,更好地实施Rh阴性血液库存管理,保障输血安全。方法 统计2011—2017年广州血液中心Rh阴性血液采集量与供应量,血型及医院供血量的分布情况。结果 2011—2017年广州血液中心Rh阴性全血采集量为11 283 U,占总采血量的0.39%(11 283/2 902 485),供应总量为11 693 U,占红细胞类成分血总供应量的0.43%(11 693/2 762 229),其中悬浮红细胞供应比例逐年增加,冰冻解冻去甘油红细胞供应比例逐年下降,并从2014年起Rh阴性悬浮红细胞供应增长率明显高于血液采集增长率;4种血型供应量总体比较,差异有统计学意义(F=22.217,P＜0.05),A、B型Rh阴性悬浮红细胞供应增长最快,增长率分别为137.3%和134.1%,医院分布以三级以上及综合医院为主。结论 应根据广州地区Rh阴性红细胞采供特点,来持续改进Rh阴性血源招募和采供策略。通过建立一支Rh阴性定期献血者队伍,加强Rh阴性血液统筹管理和临床科室-输血科-采供血机构的沟通,促进Rh阴性血液的供需平衡,保障Rh阴性患者输血安全。

Objective To understand the characteristics of Rh-negative red blood cells (RBC) supply, improve the management of storage and guarantee the safety of blood transfusion. The collection and supply of Rh-negative RBC in Guangzhou city was retrospectively analyzed. Methods The amount of Rh-negative RBC collection and supply, the distribution of ABO blood type and the consumption of blood by different hospitals in Guangzhou Blood Center from 2011 to 2017 were statistically analyzed. Results During 2011-2017, 11 283 U Rh-negative RBC was collected in Guangzhou Blood Center, accounting for 0.39% of total RBC collection (11 283/2 902 485); 1 693 U Rh-negative RBC was supplied, accounting for 0.43% of the total blood supply (11 693/2 762 229). The proportion of suspended RBC supply increased year by year, in contrast with the decease of proportion of frozen defrosteddeglyceal RBC supply. In addition, the growth rate of Rh-negative suspended RBC supply was higher than that of RBC collection since 2014 (F=217, P<0.05). A-and B-Rh negative suspended RBC supply increased, with growth rates of 137.3% and 134.1%, respectively. The Rh negative RBC was predominantly supplied to Grade III and general hospitals. Conclusion By establishing a team of Rh-negative regular blood donors, the strategies for recruitment, collection and supply of Rh-negative RBC should be continuously improved according to the characteristics of Rh-negative RBC collection and supply in Guangzhou. The coordinating management of Rh-negative, as well as the communication of clinical departments, departments of transfusion and blood banks should be improved. In addition, the balance between supply and demand of Rh-negative blood should be promoted, and the safety of blood transfusion for Rh-negative patients can be improved.