目的 了解孕妇妊娠期运动现状及其影响因素,为优化妊娠期运动方案提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法,使用自编《孕妇妊娠期运动现状及影响因素调查问卷》对广州市某三级甲等妇幼保健院214名孕周＞37周的孕妇进行调查。结果 妊娠期每次运动时长集中在30min~1 h的孕妇占43.0%;91.6%的孕妇选择散步和爬楼梯,仅有8.4%的孕妇接触过孕妇体操和瑜伽等其他运动形式;妊娠合并糖尿病与无合并症孕妇运动量相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);家人朋友为孕妇主要获取妊娠期运动信息来源。认为妊娠期运动不重要、缺乏安全感、家庭及社会支持为妊娠期运动的主要影响因素。结论 孕妇运动量总体处于较低水平,运动形式单一,受认知、心理、生理、社会因素影响;孕妇尤其是患有妊娠合并糖尿病的孕妇对妊娠期运动的重要性和必要性没有给予足够的重视;医护人员对于妊娠期运动的引导作用较弱。

目的 观察镜像视觉反馈和改良强制性运动治疗对脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢功能的影响。方法 前瞻性纳入2013年12月—2016年10月在我院收治的、临床资料完整的脑卒中偏瘫患者117例,随机将患者分4组:A组30例,B组29例,C组28例和D组30例,所有患者均接受常规综合康复治疗,连续治疗4周。在常规综合康复治疗的基础上,B组和C组分别增加镜像视觉反馈训练和改良强制性运动治疗,D组则同时另加镜像视觉反馈和改良强制性运动治疗。主要观察指标包括治疗前、后的Fugl-Meyer量表(FMA)、上肢功能测试(upper extremity function test, UEFT)和改良Barthel指数(MBI)的评分。结果 4组患者治疗后的FMA、UEFT和MBI评分分别为:A组(26.37±3.44)、(43.30±3.46)、(56.27±4.76),B组(29.17±2.82)、(45.41±3.40)、(58.72±4.48),C组(29.46±3.16)、(45.71±2.37)、(58.82±3.89),D组(31.93±2.74)、(48.83±3.57)、(62.17±4.51),与治疗前组内相比,配对t检验显示差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);单因素方差分析发现,D组明显优于A、B、C 3组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);B、C 2组均优于A组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);B、C 2组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 在常规综合康复训练基础上,单独联合镜像视觉反馈或改良强制性运动治疗均能改善脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能和日常生活自理能力,但同时联合应用两种疗法,疗效更佳。

Objective To investigate the effects of mirror visual feedback (MVF) and modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) on upper extremity function in post-stroke hemiplegics. Methods 117 patients with hemiplegia post-stroke were collected prospectively from December 2013 to October 2016, and randomly divided into the following four groups: group A (n=30), group B (n=29), group C (n=28) and group D (n=30). All patients were trained with conventional comprehensive rehabilitation therapy for four weeks, while the group B and group C were respectively trained with MVF and mCIMT based on conventional comprehensive rehabilitation therapy. Finally, the group D was simultaneously trained with MVF and mCIMT. The investigation duration was set as four weeks for all groups. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) score, Upper Extremity Function Test (UEFT) score, and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) score were used as main index of clinical effects. Results After treatment, the scores of FMA, UEFT and MBI were respectively (26.37±3.44),(43.30±3.46),(56.27±4.76) in group A, (29.17±2.82), (45.41±3.40), (58.72±4.48) in group B, (29.46±3.16), (45.71±2.37), (58.82±3.89) in group C, (31.93±2.74), (48.83±3.57), (62.17±4.51) in group D.Comparing with the scores before treatment, the paired-sample t test showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05). The single factor variance test showed that the scores of the group D were significant better than those scores in group A, group B and group C (P<0.05); furthermore the scores of the group B and group C were significant better than the group A (P<0.05). However, there were no difference at those scores between the group B and group C (P＞0.05). Conclusion Based on conventional comprehensive rehabilitation, single combined with MVF or mCIMT may significantly improve the function of upper limb and activities of daily living (ADL) in post-stroke patients with hemiplegia. However, simultaneous combined with MVF and mCIMT will be more effective than the single one.

目的 探讨经针刺治疗爆裂性眶壁骨折伴眼球运动障碍的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取2013年10月—2015年9月在我院接受治疗的70例(70只眼)爆裂性眶壁骨折致眼球 运动障碍患者,按照治疗方式的不同分为常规组和针刺组,每组各35例,其中常规组给予常规药物治疗,针刺组除了接受常规治疗外,依据眶壁骨折部位的不同选取相应临近眼外肌穴进行针刺,每日1次,每次留针30 min,15天为一个疗程,两组患者均持续治疗两个疗程。对比分析两组患者治疗前后的角膜缘移动范围、眼球运动障碍级别以及临床疗效。结果 经过治疗后,两组患者的角膜缘移动范围均较治疗前明显改善,且与常规组患者相比,针刺组患者改善得更显著(P<0.05);经过治疗后,针刺组0级、I级、II级、III级的眼数分别为14、15、3、3只眼,其中0级的眼数明显多于常规组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);针刺组的治疗总有效率高达91.43%,明显高于常规组的62.86%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针刺眼外肌穴有助于改善爆裂性眶壁骨折伴眼球运动障碍患者的角膜缘移动范围,促进患者眼外肌功能的恢复而降低眼球运动障碍级别,明显提高治疗总有效率,在临床上值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of eye-acupuncture on eye movement disorders caused by orbital blowout fracture and its security. Methods 70 eyes movement disorder patients with burst orbital wall fracture treated in our hospital from October 2013 to September of 2015 were selected and divided into two groups, each group contains 35 cases. The routine group was given routine drug treatment, beside this, we gave the therapy of eye-acupuncture for 30 minutes to the acupuncture group according to the type to select the corresponding extraocular muscle holes. Both with 15 days was for a course of treatment. After two courses, compared the eye movement disorder level changes and the limbus range of movement of the two groups before and after treatment, we evaluated the efficacy based on efficacy standard. Results After treatment, the corneal limbus range of movement were significantly improved of both groups, and the acupuncture group were better than that of the routine group(P<0.05);after treatment, the eye movement disorder rating of the acupuncture group was as follows: the number of level 0,1,2,3 was 14,15,3,3,respectively, among which the number of level 0 was significantly higher than that of the routine group(P<0.05);The total effective rate of the acupuncture group was 91.43 %, which was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Eye-acupuncture may improve the corneal limbus range of movement in patients with eye movement disorders caused by orbital blowout fracture. It could promote the recovery of extraocular muscles function and thus lower the level of eye movement disorders. It significantly improves the total efficiency and is worthy of popularization and application clinically.

目的 探讨早期干预对早产儿运动水平及技能的影响。方法 2013年3月—2014年3月在惠州市出生的283例有早产背景的高危儿,按照家长意愿分为两组,早产儿干预组143例及早产儿对照组140例。选择同时期出生的145例正常足月新生儿作为正常对照组。早产儿干预组根据评估结果制定干预训练方案,并按照评估—干预—评估的模式调整干预方案,早产儿对照组和正常对照组按健康检查的顺序进行体检并给予相关指导。在月龄3、6、9、12、18月时对三组婴儿行AIMS评估和神经系统相关检查。结果 早产儿干预组的运动发育水平明显高于早产儿对照组(P<0.01),神经系统异常率低于早产儿对照组(P<0.01),而早产儿干预组的神经系统异常率高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。但运动发育水平与正常对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 早期干预能提升早产儿运动发育水平,改善运动技能,减少神经系统异常发生率,提高早产儿生存质量。

目的 探讨经皮穴位电刺激对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢功能的影响。方法 41例脑卒中患者随机分为TAES组和安慰刺激组,分别为21例和20例。两组常规治疗相同。TAES组采用KD-2A型经皮神经电刺激治疗仪治疗,刺激部位选择患侧下肢的4个穴位(足三里ST 36、太冲LV 13、阳陵泉GB 34、昆仑BI 60),频率100 Hz,脉宽0.2 ms,强度为患者最大耐受强度为限;安慰刺激组接受治疗的部位时间和疗程与TAES组相同,但每次治疗时没有电流输出。治疗前、治疗2周、治疗3周分别用综合痉挛量表(CSS)评定踝关节痉挛,Fugl-Meyer运动评定量表中下肢部分(FMA)评定下肢运动功能,Berg平衡量表(BBS)评定平衡功能。结果 组内比较:治疗2周和治疗3周后与治疗前比较两组CSS、FMA下肢部分、BBS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较:治疗2周和3周后,TAES组CSS、FMA、BBS评分优于安慰刺激组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 TAES治疗能减轻脑卒中患者偏瘫下肢痉挛程度和提高平衡功能,改善下肢运动能力。

Objective To investigate the effect of transcutaneous accupoint electrical stimulation(TAES)in enhancing motor and functional recovery of the lower extremity in subjects with stroke. Methods 41 subjects with first stroke were randomly assigned into 2 groups:TAES group and placebo stimulation group.All subjects received the same standard rehabilitation.In the TAES group.Model KD-2A stimulator was applied with 0.2 ms pulses,at 100 Hz within the subject's tolerance level on the 4 acupuncture points(ST 36,LV 3,GB 34,and Bl 60)in the affected lower legs for 60 min,5 days a week for 3 weeks;The time and the course of treatment of the placebo stimulation group was as well as the TAES group's,but no current output for each treatment.All subjects in the 2 groups received standard rehabilitation program.Measurements including composite spasticity score(CSS)for the spasticity of the ankle planter flexors,Fugl-Meyer motor assessment(FMA)for the lower extremity,and Berg Balance Scale(BBS)for balance were recorded before treatment,after 2 and 3 weeks' treatment. Results After 2 and 3 weeks of treatment,the CSS score in the TAES group was significantly lower than the placebo stimulation group(P<0.05)and the FMA score and BBS score in the TAES group was significantly higher than the placebo stimulation group(P<0.05). Conclusion Transcutaneous accupoint electrical stimulation significantly decreased ankle plantar flexor spasticity and improve motor function of the affected lower extremity.

目的 探讨经皮穴位电刺激对脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能的影响。方法 37例脑卒中患者随机分为TAES组(n=19)和安慰刺激组(n=18)。两组常规治疗相同。TAES组采用KD-2A型经皮神经电刺激治疗仪治疗,刺激部位选择患侧上肢的4个穴位(肩髃、曲池、外关、合谷),频率100 Hz,脉宽0.2 ms,强度以患者最大耐受强度为限;每天治疗1次,每次60 min,连续3周共15次;安慰刺激组接受治疗的部位、时间和疗程与TAES组相同,但每次治疗时没有电流输出。治疗前、治疗第2周、治疗第3周分别用上肢Fugl-Meyer评分和改良Barthel指数评分(MBI)评定上肢运动功能及日常生活活动能力。结果 治疗前,两组患者间的一般情况、FMA-UE 评分和MBI评分的比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经过治疗,两组患者的FMA-UE和MBI评分与治疗前比较均有改善(P<0.05);TAES组FMA-UE和MBI评分的改善较安慰刺激组明显(P<0.05)。结论 TAES治疗能够提高脑卒中患者上肢运动功能,提高生活自理能力。

Objective To investigate the effect of transcutaneous accupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) in enhancing upper limb function in subjects with stroke. Methods 37 subjects with first stroke were randomly assigned into 2 groups:TAES group(n=19) and placebo stimulation group(n=18). All subjects received the same standard rehabilitation. In the TAES group, Model KD-2A stimulator was applied with 0.2 ms pulses, at 100 Hz within the subject's tolerance level on the 4 acupuncture points (LI15, L I11, LI4, and SJ5) in the affected upper limb for 60 min, 5 days a week for 3 weeks; The time and the course of treatment of the placebo stimulation group were as well as the TAES group's, but no current output for each treatment. All subjects in the 2 groups received standard rehabilitation program. Measurements including Fugl-Meyer motor assessment (FMA-UE) and modified Barthel index(MBI) on affected side were recorded before treatment after 2 and 3 weeks' treatments. Results After 3 weeks treatments,the function scores on affected side of the two groups were improved significantly(P<0.05). And function scores of the TAES group were significantly improved than those of the placebo group (P<0.05). Conclusion Transcutaneous accupoint electrical stimulation significantly may improve the recovery of upper limb function.

目的 评估关节松动联合运动疗法对颞下颌关节慢性不可复性盘前移位患者的疗效。方法 采用随机对照方法,将46例慢性不可复性盘前移位患者随机分为联合治疗组(n=24)及对照组(n=22), 对照组仅接受传统治疗(包括超短波、超声波、软组织按摩及健康教育),治疗组在传统治疗的基础上应用关节松动联合运动疗法。在治疗前和治疗后2周采用最大张口度(maximal interincisal opening,MIO)、目测类比法(visual analog scale,VAS)、口腔健康影响程度量表(health impact profile-14,HIP-14)评价疗效。结果 治疗前两组患者一般情况类似。治疗后两组颞下颌关节MIO、VAS、HIP-14得分较治疗前改善(P<0.05),组间比较,治疗组在MIO、VAS、HIP-14评分比对照组改善(P<0.05)。结论 关节松动联合运动疗法治疗颞下颌关节慢性不可复性盘前移位疗效明显,值得推广。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of joint mobilization combined with therapeutic exercise in patients with chronic anterior disc displacement without reduction of temporomandibular joints. Methods 46 patients with chronic anterior disc displacement without reduction were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group of 24 cases received joint mobilization combined with therapeutic exercise and conventional therapy (ultrashort-wave diathermy, ultrasound therapy, soft tissue massage, health education), 22 cases in the control group received conventional treatment.The treatment was administered for 2 weeks. The baseline and endpoint outcome assessment measures were maximal interincisal opening (MIO),visual analogue scale(VAS)score and oral health impact profile (HIP-14). Results After the treatment, significant improvements were observed in the two groups of all the outcome measurements (P<0.05).Maximal interincisal opening, visual analogue scale and oral health impact profile were improved significantly in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Joint mobilization combined with therapeutic exercise can improve the symptoms of chronic anterior disc displacement without reduction.

       运动可以调节机体代谢，预防和治疗由糖脂代谢紊乱所引发的心血管疾病。运动因子是在运动过程中，由肌肉、脂肪以及肝脏等多个组织合成和分泌的一系列生物活性物质，包括蛋白质和多肽类分子、小分子代谢物以及核酸等。诸多研究证实，运动因子是运动调节机体代谢的重要因素之一，也是机体从运动中获益的关键分子机制。近年来，随着蛋白质组学、代谢组学以及高通量测序等相关技术的飞速发展，越来越多的运动因子被陆续发现和证实。这不仅拓宽了人们对机体从运动中获益相关机制的认知，还激发了人们对运动因子在健康领域应用前景的浓厚兴趣。文章系统地阐述了运动因子对机体心血管系统的影响，旨在揭示运动因子在促进心血管健康以及治疗心血管疾病等方面的积极效用。

       Exercise can prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases resulting from the metabolic disorders of glucose and lipid．Exerkines are defined as a series of bioactive substances in response to exercise including proteins，peptides，small molecular metabolites and nucleic acids．Multiple tissues can produce exerkines，such as skeletal muscle，adipose tissue，and liver．Many studies indicate that exerkines play essential roles in improving glucose and lipid metabolism，which are crucial to harness the health-related benefits mediated by exercise．In recent years，with the progression of proteomics，metabolomics and high-throughput sequencings，an increasing number of exerkines are discovered．These findings expand the research on beneficial effects of exercise and draw attention to the clinical implications of exerkines．This review aims to explore the influence of exerkines on cardiovascular system and reveal their potential roles in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease．

       目的   探讨运动干预联合治疗性聆听对孤独症谱系障碍儿童社会交往功能的影响。方法   选取黄河三门峡医院2020年1月—2023年10月收治的100例孤独症患儿，应用随机数字表法分为两组，各50例。对照组患儿实施常规护理，观察组在对照组基础上增加运动干预联合治疗性聆听。分别在干预前及干预6个月后采用孤独症治疗评价量表（ATEC）、儿童感觉统合发展评定量表、格塞尔发育量表（GDS）及中国韦氏儿童智力量表（WISC-R）评价两组患儿社会交往能力、感觉统合发展水平、神经发育水平及智力水平变化。结果   干预后两组患儿的ATEC各部分评分，包括健康/生理/行为、感知/认知能力、社交能力、语言表达/沟通能力及ATEC总分均降低，观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）；干预后两组患儿学习能力发展、本体感觉、触觉防御、前庭功能及儿童感觉统合发展评定量表总分均升高，观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）；干预后两组患儿动作能、应物能、言语能、应人能相关神经发育情况评分均升高，观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）；干预后两组患儿言语智商、操作智商、总智商相关WISC-R评分均升高，观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论  运动干预联合治疗性聆听对孤独症谱系障碍儿童应用效果显著，可提升其社会交往能力，促进感觉统合发展，进而促进其神经发育及智力水平提升。

       Objective  To  explore the  effect  of  exercise intervention  combined with therapeutic listening  on  social communication function in children with autism spectrum disorder．Methods  A total of 100 autistic children who were admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups by random number table method，with 50 children each．The control group received routine care，while the observation group  received exercise intervention combined with therapeutic listening in addition to routine care．The Autism Treatment Evaluation Scale （ATEC），Children’s Sensory Integration Development Scale，Gesell Development Scale，and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised by China （WISC-R）were used before and 6 months after the intervention to evaluate the social communication ability，sensory integration development level，neural development level，and intellectual level changes of the two groups of children．Results  After intervention，the score of every dimension in ATEC including the health/physiology/behavior，perception/cognitive ability，social ability，language expression/communication ability，and total ATEC score of the two groups of children decreased，and the observation group was lower than the control group （P＜0.05）．After intervention，the total scores of the learning ability development insufficient，proprioceptive dysfunction，excessive tactile defense，vestibular dysfunction，and children’s sensory integration development assessment scale in both groups of children increased，with the observation group being higher than the control group （P＜0.05）．After intervention，the neurological development scores related to motor，adapt，language，and social ability in both groups of children increased，and the observation group was higher than the control group （P＜0.05）．After intervention，the WISC-R scores related to verbal intelligence，operational intelligence，and total intelligence in both groups of children increased，and the observation group was higher than the control group （P＜0.05）．Conclusions  The combination of exercise intervention and therapeutic listening has asignificant effect on children with autism spectrum disorder，which can enhance their social communication ability，promote sensory integration development，and ultimately promote their neural development and intellectual level improvement．

    目的   研究羽毛球颠球运动对低年级小学生近视的改善效果，为制定儿童青少年近视干预方案提供依据。方法   采用方便抽样方法，抽取广州市1个城区1所小学三年级4个班共182名学生作为研究对象。基线调查完成后，以班为单位，采用随机数字表法将4个班分为干预组（2个班，91例）和对照组（2个班，91例），干预组安排羽毛球颠球项目体育活动，对照组按原教学计划安排非球类常规体育活动。比较两组干预前后筛查性近视率、视力不良率和近视进展程度。结果  干预前两组的年龄、性别、筛查性近视率、视力不良率及近视分级比较，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组干预后的等效球镜度数（SE）比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；对照组干预后的裸眼远视力（UDVA）低于干预组，△UDVA、△SE均高于干预组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。对照组新发筛查性近视率29.13%、累积筛查性近视率49.45%、累积视力不良率68.13%及近视进展程度，均高于干预组新发筛查性近视率7.69%、累积筛查性近视率34.07%、累积视力不良率52.74%及近视进展程度，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论   羽毛球颠球运动能降低低年级小学生视力不良进展速度，减少近视的发生率及近视程度，学校可结合引起近视的因素进行灵活应用，以预防近视的发生发展。

      Objective  To study the impact of badminton juggling on the myopia of lower-grade primary school students and to provide a basis for developing myopia intervention strategies for children and adolescents．Methods  By using the convenience sampling method，182 third-grade students from four classes in a primary school in a district of Guangzhou were selected as subjects．After completing the baseline survey，the four classes were divided into an intervention group（2 classes，91 students）and a control group（2 classes，91 students）using a random number table．The intervention group was arranged to participate in badminton juggling sports activities，while the control group followed the original teaching plan without ball games．The study compared the screening rate of myopia，the rate of poor vision，and the degree of myopia progression before and after the study in both groups．Results  On baseline，there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age，gender，rate of screening myopia，poor vision，and myopia grading（P＞0.05）．After 12 months，there was no statistically significant difference in the spherical equivalent（SE） comparison between the two groups（P＞0.05）．However，the uncorrected distance visual acuity（UDVA） of the control group after 12 months was significantly lower than that of the intervention group，and both △UDVA and △SE were significantly higher than those of the intervention group，with all differences being statistically significant（P＜0.05）．Incidence of screening myopia in the control group （29.13%），the cumulative rate of screening myopia（49.45%），the cumulative rate of poor vision （68.13%），and the degree of myopia progression was significantly higher than those in the intervention group，which had incidence of screening myopia at 7.69%，the cumulative rate of screening myopia at 34.07%，cumulative rate of poor vision at 52.74%．All these differences were statistically significant（P＜0.05）．Conclusions  Badminton juggling can slow down vision deterioration，reduce the incidence and severity of myopia in lower grade primary school students．Schools can flexibly apply these findings in conjunction with factors that contribute to myopia to prevent its occurrence and development．