目的 对老年心血管疾病患者膳食行为改善情况进行综合调查,并分析其相关影响因素。方法 通过随机抽样的方法,抽取2021年10月—2022年10月桥南街社区卫生服务中心≥65岁心血管疾病患者570例为本次研究样本,通过调查问卷的方式,收集其一般资料、对健康膳食知识与态度及膳食行为改善情况进行全面调查,根据膳食行为改善情况分为改善良好组及改善差组,并分析其膳食行为改善的相关影响因素。结果 570例患者,膳食行为改善良好480例（84.21%）,膳食行为改善差90例（15.79%）。其中近一年中日常增加果蔬摄入489例（85.79%）,增加奶类摄入355例（62.28%）,增加豆类摄入312例（54.74%）,减少食用盐摄入452例（79.30%）,减少油脂摄入415例（72.81%）,减少糖类摄入378例（66.32%）;2组患者在文化程度、居住方式、人均月收入、合并疾病种类、健康膳食知识知晓、健康膳食态度、社会环境支持等方面差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;Logistic线性回归分析显示,文化程度、居住方式、合并疾病种类、健康膳食知识知晓、健康膳食态度、社会环境支持等为影响老年心血管疾病患者膳食行为改善的主要因素（P<0.05）。结论 该地区老年心血管疾病患者的膳食行为改善较好,但还有一定进步空间,目前存在知行不一致的情况,因此当地相关部门要加强宣教力度,促使其养成健康的膳食态度,共建健康的社会环境,使其膳食行为得以更好改善。

目的 分析团体认知行为干预联合揿针全程护理对胃癌晚期癌痛患者心理状态的影响。方法 选取我院115例胃癌晚期癌痛患者(2018年3月—2021年1月),依照干预方案不同分为3组。对照1组(37例)接受团体认知行为干预,对照2组(38例)接受揿针全程护理干预,观察组(40例)接受团体认知行为干预联合揿针全程护理干预,比较3组干预效果。结果 疼痛爆发时疼痛缓解情况:观察组疼痛爆发时疼痛缓解率均较对照1组、对照2组高(P＜0.05);心理状态:干预1个月后,3组心理状态均得到改善,且观察组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分均较对照1组、对照2组低(P＜0.05);护理满意度:与对照1组、对照2组对比,观察组护理满意度较高(P＜0.05)。结论 团体认知行为干预联合揿针全程护理应用于胃癌晚期癌痛患者,能有效缓解疼痛,改善心理状态,且护理满意度高。

Objective To analyze the effect of group cognitive behavior intervention combined with whole-process nursing of pressing needle on the psychological state of patients with advanced gastric cancer pain. Methods A total of 115 patients with advanced gastric cancer pain in our hospital (from March 2018 to January 2021) were selected and divided into 3 groups according to different intervention methods. Control group 1 (37 cases) received group cognitive behavioral intervention, control group 2 (38 cases) received whole-course nursing intervention of pressing needle, and observation group (40 cases) received whole-process nursing intervention of group cognitive behavioral intervention combined with pressing needle. The intervention effects of the three groups were compared. Results Pain relief when pain burst: the pain relief rate of observation group was higher than control group 1 and control group 2 (P<0.05). Mental state: after 1 month of intervention, the mental state of the 3 groups was improved, and the scores of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) in the observation group were lower than those in control group 1 and control group 2 (P<0.05). Nursing satisfaction: compared with control group 1 and control group 2, nursing satisfaction of observation group was higher (P<0.05). Conclusions Group cognitive behavior intervention combined with whole-process nursing of pressing needle applied to patients with advanced gastric cancer pain could effectively relieve pain, improve psychological state, and nursing satisfaction.

目的 探讨抗肿瘤联合营养支持治疗对老年晚期恶性肿瘤癌因性疲倦及厌食行为的影响。方法 选取2015年4月—2017年4月晚期恶性肿瘤老年患者160例,随机分为抗肿瘤治疗组(对照组)和抗肿瘤联合营养支持治疗组(观察组),各80例,对比分析两组治疗前、后癌因性疲倦及厌食行为评分情况。结果 治疗前,两组厌食行为、癌因性疲倦评分比较无差异(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组厌食行为及癌因性疲倦评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 营养支持治疗在老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者厌食行为及癌因性疲倦方面的改善效果显著,一定程度上提高患者生活质量,减轻痛苦,具有较高临床应用价值。

目的 探讨高压氧对FVB小鼠旷场行为的影响。方法 对9只4周龄高压氧组FVB小鼠进行2个疗程共21天高压氧干预;对13只4周龄对照组FVB小鼠不做任何处理,正常饲养。21天后对2组小鼠进行旷场实验,观察高压氧对FVB小鼠旷场行为的影响。结果 高压氧组小鼠在中央区停留时间(3.73±3.69,17.97±6.82,t=-5.564,P=0.000)和运动路程较对照组小鼠减少(189.65±199.32,525.67±244.22,t=-3.298,P=0.040),在外周区停留时间增加(296.07±3.69,281.79±6.79,t=5.597,P=0.000);进入中央区、外周区次数及穿越各区总次数都减少(3.11±3.10,8.20±4.80, t=-2.770,P=0.014;3.11±3.10,9.10±4.79,t=-3.264,P=0.005;6.22±6.20,17.30±9.59,t=-3.018,P=0.008);2组小鼠总路程和平均速度无差异(8766.57±3362.90,8320.47±1692.47, t=0.359,P=0.726;73.05±28.02,69.34±14.10,t=0.359,P=0.726)。结论 高压氧改变FVB小鼠的旷场行为的表型,使小鼠趋避性增加,对环境的认知能力及焦虑程度增强,探索性下降。

Objective To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation(HBO)on behaviors of FVB mice in the open field test. Methods 9 mice of four-week-old in the HBO group were treated with hyperbaric oxygenation for a total of 21 days during two courses while 13 control mice of four-week-old did not do any treatment. After 21-day normal breeding, the mice of two groups were tested with open field test. Then, researchers observed the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on mice behaviors after open field test. Results Compared to 13 control mice, residence time (3.73±3.69,17.97±6.82,t=-5.564,P=0.000) and the range of movement (189.65±199.32,525.67±244.22,t=-3.298,P=0.040)in central region decreased while the residence time in external region increased (296.07±3.69,281.79±6.79,t=5.597,P=0.000). The times of entering the central region and external region and crossing both of the regions decreased (3.11±3.10,8.20±4.80, t=-2.770,P=0.014;3.11±3.10,9.10±4.79,t=-3.264,P=0.005;6.22±6.20,17.30±9.59,t=-3.018,P=0.008). There was no difference in the total range of movement and the average velocity (8766.57±3362.90,8320.47±1692.47, t=0.359,P=0.726;73.05±28.02,69.34±14.10,t=0.359,P=0.726). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygenation may change the behaviors of FVB mice in open field test to enhance its phobotaxis, anxiety degree and the cognitive ability in environment and inhibiting its exploration ability.

目的 对临床护士实施预防住院患者误吸教育干预,评价干预措施对护士预防误吸知识及护理行为的影响。方法 选取我院神经系统相关科室的110名护士为研究对象,通过一系列教育干预,对比干预前后护士在预防误吸知识及护理行为等方面的改变,评估干预措施的效果。结果 110名护士均对培训满意;培训前护士预防误吸知识的平均得分为(65.6±9.6)分,培训后平均得分为(92.5±6.5)分,培训前后得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。培训后89份(89%)跟踪调查卷明确表示护士在工作中运用了培训所学的知识。结论 对护士进行有组织、有计划的教育干预能提高护士预防与处理患者误吸的知识水平,并能对护士预防和处理患者误吸的行为产生积极影响。

Objective To evaluate the effect of educating nurses on how to prevent and reduce aspiration rate of patients. Methods 110 nurses were recruited from neurological department in our hospital and were trained systematically about the prevention and nursing of aspiration. We compared the scores they had before and after training. Results 110 nurses were all satisfied with the training. The pre-education test score about the aspiration knowledge was 65.6±9.6 while the post-education test score was 92.5±6.5. The difference of the score before and after training was statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The follow-up study indicated that 89% nurses are applying the knowledge gained from the training to their clinical work. Conclusion It's suggested that well-organized educational training may improve nurses' performance of preventing patients from aspiration and treating patients when they had aspiration, which left a positive effect on nurses' behavior.

目的 分析不同性别学龄儿童行为问题影响因素,为促进儿童行为健康发展提供指导依据。方法 以儿童保健门诊就诊的学龄儿童200名,男童110例,女童90例,平均年龄为(7±15)a 为调查对象,采用儿童行为量表(CBCL)检测所有调查对象的行为问题。由男/女童父母在专业人员指导下进行问卷调查,对收集的数据使用SPSS 11.0统计软件进行资料分析。结果 本次调查中男、女童年龄差异无统计学意义,男、女童在检出儿童行为问题方面有明显的差异性(P<0.05,P<0.01)具有统计学意义。男童在强迫性、违纪方面明显高于女童,女童在抑郁、社交退缩、体诉方面高于男童。结论 儿童行为问题的发生,受多方面因素影响包括社会环境、家庭环境以及父母的教养方式,应根据男童和女童的不同行为特点,给予有效的干预让孩子的身心发展更趋稳定和健康,从而降低儿童行为问题的发生。

Objective To explore the influence factors of children's behavior problem in school-age children, and to provide the evidence for promoting healthier children's behavior. Methods The objects of our study included 200 school-aged children in health care clinic (110 boys and 90 girls ), the average age is 7(7±15)years, and we used the CBCL questionnaire to assess all the children's behavior problems. The CBCL questionnaire was finished by the parents of the children guided by the specialized investigator. The data was analyzed by the SPSS 11.0 software. Results The score of boys in compulsivity and disobey is significant higher than girls(P<0.05), and the girls have higher score in depression, social flinch and physical demands than boys(P<0.01). There is no significant difference between different genders in the age of the children. Conclusion Behavior problems of children were affected by many kinds of factors including social environment, family environment and parenting styles. We need to conduct appropriate behavior intervention according to the different behavior characteristics between boys and girls, to promote healthier children's behavior and to reduce the behavior problems of children.

目的 了解农民工对入职体检结果异常的遵医行为状况及影响因素,为临床治疗、护理和健康教育提供相应的依据。方法 对106例在我院行入职体检且结果异常的农民工进行遵医行为的问卷调查,且对影响因素进行分析。结果 遵医行为好的有20例,一般的有38例,差的有48例;年龄、性别、文化程度、职业类型、疾病种类、经济收入对农民工的遵医行为均有影响(P＜0.01)。结论 农民工对入职体检结果异常的遵医行为不容乐观,建议国家或相关省市出台相关政策和法规,为农民工提供相应的健康保障;医疗机构要加大健康教育力度,提高农民工的健康意识和倡导健康行为,降低慢性病的发病率。

Objective To investigate migrant workers' medical compliance after receiving abnormal entry health examination results and relevant factors affecting compliance behavior, providing evidence to clinical treatment, nursing and health education. Methods 106 migrant workers who took part in entry health examination in our hospital and got abnormal results were accepted questionnaires and the relative factors were analyzed. Results 20 migrant workers had good compliance behavior, and 38 workers performed normally while 48 workers did bad. Age, gender, education, type of occupation, type of illness, and income all had influence on compliance behavior (P<0.01). Conclusion The recent condition of migrant workers' medical compliance on abnormal entry health examination results is not good. Therefore the country or province departments should carry out relative laws or policies, providing migrant workers with health support; Medical institutions should promote health education to improve migrant workers' health awareness and health behavior and reduce incidence of chronic diseases.

目的 分析影响广州青少年自杀行为的因素。方法 选取100例自杀行为青少年为观察组,选100例健康青少年为对照组,对比两组青少年家庭结构、家庭教育方式、自身人格特征等指标。多因素Logistic回归分析其自杀行为危险因素。结果 观察组青少年抑郁量表、焦虑量表、攻击性人格及冲动性人格量表分值均高于对照组高;单亲家庭或父母常年在外、家庭教育方式不当、学校无健康心理教育课、抑郁或焦虑、冲动或攻击性人格、负面事件、消极应对是青少年自杀行为独立危险因素,P均＜0.05。结论 家长及学校应正确引导青少年处事方式,积极面对生活,打消自杀意念。

Objective To analyze the factors influencing the suicide behavior of adolescents in Guangzhou. Methods The 100 cases of adolescent suicide behavior were selected as the observation group, 100 healthy adolescents were selected as control group, compared with two groups of adolescent family structure, family education, personality traits and other indicators. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors was taken for suicidal behavior. Results In the observation group adolescent depression scale, anxiety scale, attack impulse personality and personality amount scores were higher than those in the control group, single parent family or parents staying outside, improper family education, school health psychological education, depression or anxiety, impulsivity, or aggressive personality, negative events, negative coping were independent risk factors for adolescent suicide, P<0.05. Conclusion Parents and schools should have guide to adolescents, toface life positively, and give up thought of suicide.

目的 游泳抚触操对新生儿神经行为及体格发育影响的研究。方法 将76例正常新生儿随机分为观察组(游泳加抚触操)31例,对照组(常规沐浴)45例,两组新生儿分别于出生后第5天、14天、42天对两组新生儿进行新生儿行为神经评分(NBNA),新生儿生后睡眠情况比较,胎便初排,胎便转黄时间比较,新生儿体重,身长比较。结果 两组新生儿神经行为及体格发育各项指标与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义,(P＜0.01)。结论 游泳抚触操对新生儿神经行为及体格发育有促进作用,临床值得推广应用。

目的 构建抑癌基因SEMA3B真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-SEMA3B,并检测其对肺癌A549细胞恶性生物学行为的影响。方法 应用PCR扩增SEMA3B全长cDNA片段,构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-SEMA3B。克隆PCR、双酶切法、基因测序验证过表达载体构建成功。将pcDNA3.1-SEMA3B真核表达载体和空载体pcDNA3.1分别转染入A549细胞中,应用qRT-PCR、Western blot检测SEMA3B mRNA、蛋白表达水平的变化;MTS法检测细胞增殖;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡、细胞周期;克隆形成实验检测细胞集落形成能力。结果 SEMA3B基因扩增片段与预测片段一致,克隆成功,且测序鉴定证实真核表达载体构建成功。转染pcDNA3.1-SEMA3B真核表达载体可上调SEMA3B mRNA、蛋白表达水平,且可抑制A549细胞的增殖,诱导凋细胞亡,细胞被阻滞在G1期,抑制细胞集落形成能力。结论 成功构建了SEMA3B基因真核表达载体,抑癌基因SEMA3B在肺癌恶性生物学进程中可能发挥重要作用。

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of the cancer suppressor gene, SEMA3B, and research the effects on malignant biological behavior of lung cancer A549 cells. Methods By reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the full length SEMA3B gene was amplified and then was inserted into pcDNA3.1. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-SEMA3B was confirmed correctly through double enzyme digestion and PCR identification, which was transfected into lung cancer A549 cells by lipid media transfection. The untransfected A549 and A549 transfected with pcDNA3.1 were used as controls. SMEA3B gene was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. MTS assay, flow cytometry, and colony formation test were performed to evaluate the effect of overexpression of SEMA3B gene on A549 cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and colony forming ability. Results The amplied fragment of SEMA3B gene by PCR was consistent with the anticipated result, the SEMA3B gene was cloned successfully. And the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-SMEA3B was constructed successfully through gene sequence identification. After transfection of pcDNA3.1-SEMA3B, SEMA3B mRNA and protein expression levels were raised, and overexpression of SEMA3B gene in A549 cells significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells, induced apoptotic cell death, blocked cell cycle in the G1 phase, and suppressed cell colony-forming ability. Conclusion The recombinant pcDNA3.1-SEMA3B is constructed successfully. SEMA3B gene can significantly inhibit the malignant biological behavior of lung cancer A549 cells.