目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者载脂蛋白B（Apo-B）、载脂蛋白A1（Apo-A1）水平在分娩巨大儿中的预测价值。方法 选取2023年1月—2024年1月在珠海市第五人民医院建档并进行孕检、分娩的85例GDM患者，按照分娩的新生儿体质量情况分为分娩正常组55例（新生儿体质量＜4 000 g）和分娩异常组30例（新生儿体质量≥4 000 g）。比较两组孕妇一般资料及孕早期的Apo-B、Apo-A1、Apo-B/Apo-A1比值，采用受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线分析Apo-B、Apo-A1、Apo-B/Apo-A1对GDM患者分娩巨大儿的预测价值。结果 分娩异常组Apo-B水平、Apo_B/Apo_A1比值（1.05±0.15）g/L、（0.81±0.23）］高于分娩正常组（0.95±0.12）g/L、（0.65±0.18）］（t分别为3.357、3.544，P＜0.05）；Apo-A1水平［（1.29±0.26）g/L］低于分娩正常组［（1.47±0.23）g/L］（t=3.292，P＜0.05）；ROC曲线显示，Apo-B、Apo-A1水平及Apo-B/Apo-A1比值预测GDM患者分娩巨大儿的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.705、0.660、0.709，灵敏度分别为63.33%、63.33%、66.67%，特异度分别为72.73%、74.55%、76.36%，其中Apo-B/Apo-A1比值预测效能最高（P＜0.05）。结论 GDM患者分娩巨大儿与孕早期Apo-B升高、Apo-A1水平降低密切相关，监测患者孕早期的Apo-B、Apo-A1水平及Apo-B/Apo-A1比值有助于临床对分娩巨大儿进行预测。
Objective To explore the predictive value of apolipoprotein B（Apo-B）and apolipoprotein A1（Apo-A1）levels on delivery of macrosomia in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）．Methods From January 2023 to January 2024，85 patients with GDM who were filed in the hospital and received pregnancy examination and delivery were selected．According to the neonatal body mass，the patients were divided into 55 cases in normal delivery group（newborn birth weight ＜4 000 g）and 30 cases in abnormal delivery group（ newborn birth weight ≥4 000 g）．The general data and levels of Apo-B，Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in early pregnancy were compared between the two groups．Receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was used to analyze the predictive value of Apo-B，Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 on delivery of macrosomia in GDM patients．Results The Apo-B and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in abnormal delivery group were（1.05±0.15）g/L and（0.81±0.23），which were higher than（0.95±0.12）g/L and（0.65±0.18）in normal delivery group（t=3.357，3.544，P＜0.05）．While the level of Apo-A1 in abnormal delivery group，（1.29±0.26）g/L，was lower than（1.47±0.23）g/L in normal delivery group（t=3.292，P＜0.05）．ROC curve showed that the areas under the curve（AUC）of Apo-B，Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in predicting macrosomia in GDM patients were 0.705，0.660 and 0.709，and the sensitivities were 63.33%，63.33% and 66.67%，and the specificities were 72.73%，74.55% and 76.36%，respectively．Apo-B/Apo-A1 had the highest predictive efficiency（P＜0.05）．Conclusions The delivery of macrosomia in GDM patients is closely related to the increase of Apo-B and the decrease of Apo-A1 in early pregnancy．Monitoring Apo-B，Apo-A1 and Apo-B/Apo-A1 in early pregnancy is helpful to predict the delivery of macrosomia．
目的 探讨产时超声管理妊娠期糖尿病产妇产程的应用价值。方法 选择2022年1月1日—2023年12月31日在佛山市高明区人民医院妇产科分娩的妊娠期糖尿病初产妇共100例。患者签署知情同意书后, 按照1∶1比例采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组各50例。对照组采用阴道指诊检查判断产程和分娩方式。研究组采用经腹联合会阴超声测量检查判断产程及分娩方式。收集两组初产妇血糖、血常规、分娩方式、产后24 h出血量以及切口情况, 新生儿Apgar评分。结果 研究组阴道分娩率高于对照组（88.0% vs 72.0%, P<0.05）, 而阴道检查次数（4.18±0.8 vs 6.82±0.8, P<0.05）少于对照组、不良事件发生率（4% vs 16%, P<0.05）低于对照组。相对于对照组,研究组血红蛋白水平较高（104.10±5.25 vs 100.30±4.78, P<0.05）、而白细胞计数（11.40±1.49 vs 12.04±1.66, P<0.05）以及中性粒细胞百分比较低（72.79±4.04 vs 75.01±5.53, P<0.05）。结论 通过产时超声监测判断妊娠期糖尿病初产妇产程,能够降低阴道操作引起的感染等风险,提高阴道分娩率,有效降低产妇感染,提高产妇分娩满意度以及舒适度,改善母婴结局。
Objective To explore the application value of intrapartum ultrasound for labor management of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus．Methods A total of 100 primiparous women with gestational diabetes mellitus who gave birth in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Foshan Gaoming District People’s Hospital from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023 were selected．After signing the informed consent form, the patients were randomly divided into a control group and a study group with 50 cases in each group according to a ratio of 1∶1, using a random number table method．The control group underwent vaginal digital examination to assess the labor process and delivery method．For the study group, the labor process and delivery mode were determined using transabdominal ultrasound measurement．Blood glucose level,routine blood test results, delivery methods, 24-hour postpartum bleeding volume and incision conditions of two groups of primiparas, as well as the Apgar score of newborns were collected．Results The study group demonstrated a significantly higher vaginal delivery rate than the control group（88.0% vs 72.0%, P<0.05）, with fewer vaginal examinations（4.18±0.80 vs 6.82±0.80, P<0.05）and a lower incidence of adverse events（4% vs 16%, P<0.05）．Compared to the control group, the study group exhibited higher hemoglobin levels（[104.10±5.25]g/L vs [100.30±4.78] g/L, P<0.05）, but lower white blood cell counts（[11.40±1.49]×109/L vs [12.04±1.66]×109/L, P<0.05）and reduced neutrophil percentages（[72.79±4.04]% vs [75.01±5.53]%, P<0.05）．Conclusions Intrapartum ultrasound monitoring for assessing labor progression in primiparas with gestational diabetes mellitus reduces infection risks associated with vaginal procedures, increases vaginal delivery rates, effectively decreases maternal infections, enhances maternal satisfaction and comfort during delivery,and improves maternal-neonatal outcomes．
目的 探讨妊娠期高血压疾病患者血尿酸、淀粉酶水平的变化的临床意义。方法 选择2020年2月—2023年2月期间焦作市第二人民医院收治的150例合并妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇作为观察组,另选择同期接收的50例正常妊娠孕妇作为对照组,测定两组孕妇孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期的血尿酸、淀粉酶水平,比较两组检测结果,并采取受试者工作特征曲线分析（ROC）血尿酸、淀粉酶水平筛查妊娠期高血压疾病的诊断效能,比较观察组妊娠期高血压、子痫前期、子痫孕妇的检测结果。结果 观察组孕妇在孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期的血尿酸水平高于对照组,淀粉酶水平低于对照组（P<0.05）;孕早期与孕中期的血尿酸、淀粉酶水平比较,两组孕妇比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;孕晚期两组孕妇的血尿酸水平升高,淀粉酶水平降低,与孕早期、孕中期比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,妊娠期高血压疾病的筛查中血尿酸灵敏度为58.15%、特异度为88.72%,淀粉酶灵敏度为56.47%、特异度为92.24%,血尿酸联合淀粉酶灵敏度为82.24%、特异度为98.57%。子痫、重度子痫前期、轻度子痫前期、妊娠期高血压孕妇的血尿酸、淀粉酶水平比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 与正常妊娠孕妇相比,合并妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇的血尿酸水平升高、淀粉酶水平降低,二者联合可实现对妊娠期高血压疾病的准确筛查,而且可评估病情进展。
目的 探讨产科监护室妊娠期糖尿病产妇泌乳启动延迟及影响因素,以期作为预防泌乳启动延迟的参考依据。方法 选择2021年1月—2023年5月期间医院产科监护室接收的妊娠期糖尿病产妇80例为研究对象,采用单因素和多因素分析产妇的年龄、体质指数、产次、定期复查血糖、妊娠期高血压、分娩方式、开奶时间、新生儿体质量、产后焦虑、产后抑郁、产后疲乏、吸吮次数等对泌乳启动延迟的影响。结果 妊娠期糖尿病产妇泌乳启动延迟33例,发生率41.25%;泌乳启动延迟产妇的年龄≥35岁者占51.52%、未定期复查血糖者占39.39%、合并妊娠期高血压者占54.55%、开奶时间≥6 h者占57.58%、产后焦虑者占30.0%、产后抑郁者占36.36%、产后疲乏者占36.36%、吸吮次数<6次者占60.61%,与非泌乳启动延迟产妇比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组孕前体质指数、产次、分娩方式、新生儿出生体质量比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。年龄≥35岁、未定期复查血糖、合并妊娠期高血压、开奶时间≥6 h、产后焦虑、产后抑郁、产后疲乏、吸吮次数<6次为妊娠期糖尿病产妇泌乳启动延迟的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 产科监护室妊娠期糖尿病产妇泌乳启动延迟发生率较高,主要受到年龄、未定期复查血糖、合并妊娠期高血压、开奶时间、产后心理状态、吸吮次数等因素影响,应重视健康教育和早期辅助干预,降低泌乳启动延迟发生率。
Objective To explore the delayed lactation initiation and its influencing factors of pregnant women with diabetes in the obstetric care unit,so as to provide a reference for preventing delayed lactation initiation．Methods A total of 80 pregnant women with diabetes who were received by the hospital obstetric care unit from January 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the research objects．The age,body mass index,parity,regular blood glucose recheck,pregnancy hypertension,delivery mode,starting time,neonatal weight,postpartum anxiety,postpartum depression,postpartum fatigue,sucking times and other factors that led to the delay of lactation initiation were analyzed by single factor and multi factor analysis．Results The onset of lactation was delayed in 33 pregnant women with diabetes,with an incidence of 41.25%．The age of postpartum women with delayed lactation initiation over 35 years old accounted for 51.52%,blood sugar was not regularly rechecked accounted for 39.39%,pregnancy induced hypertension accounted for 54.55%,lactation time over 6 hours accounted for 57.58%,postpartum anxiety accounted for 30.0%,postpartum depression accounted for 36.36%,postpartum fatigue accounted for 36.36%,and sucking frequency <6 times accounted for 60.61%,which were higher than that of non-delayed lactation initiation women（P<0.05）．There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of pre pre-pregnancy body mass index,parity,delivery method and newborn birth weight（P>0.05）．The risk factors of delayed lactation initiation in pregnant women with diabetes were age ≥ 35 years,no regular blood glucose review,hypertension during pregnancy,≥ 6 h of first milk expression time,postpartum anxiety,postpartum depression,postpartum fatigue and sucking times<6（P<0.05）．Conclusions The incidence of delayed lactation initiation in pregnant women with diabetes in the obstetric care unit is high,which is mainly affected by age,pregnancy induced hypertension,time of starting breast feeding,postpartum psychological state and sucking times．Health education and early auxiliary intervention should be emphasized to reduce the incidence of delayed lactation initiation．
目的 对比分析在产程不同阶段对妊娠期高血压产妇给予分娩镇痛的效果差异。方法 选择2021年1月—2022年12月在福清市妇幼保健院接受无痛分娩治疗的240例妊娠期高血压产妇,随机分为在产程活跃期实施镇痛的对照组（n=120）和产程潜伏期实施镇痛的实验组（n=120）,比较两组产妇的产程时间、子宫动脉、胎儿脐动脉血流动力学参数、镇痛效果以及母婴结局。结果 实验组的第一、第二、第三产程时间分别为（389.71±35.05）（58.62±5.26）（8.71±0.69）min,略低于对照组的（403.72±42.19）（60.74±7.22）（8.91±1.62）min,但组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;实验组镇痛前、活跃期、第二产程的疼痛评分分别为（9.18±0.13）（1.16±0.22）（2.83±1.16）分,与对照组的（9.22±0.16）（1.24±0.32）（2.72±1.09）分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,但在潜伏期,实验组产妇疼痛评分为（3.32±0.36）分,低于对照组的（8.11±0.32）分（P<0.05）;关闭镇痛泵后,实验组胎儿脐动脉阻力指数、搏动指数、收缩期峰值流速/舒张期流速分别为（0.58±0.09）（0.81±0.14）（2.31±0.29）,与对照组的（0.54±0.11）（0.79±0.13）（2.24±0.27）比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,实验组产妇子宫动脉阻力指数、搏动指数、收缩期峰值流速/舒张期流速分别为（0.42±0.08）（0.64±0.08）（2.31±0.29）,均高于对照组的（0.39±0.06）（0.58±0.11）（1.65±0.08）（P<0.05）;实验组自然分娩、中转剖宫产、阴道助产例数及新生儿Apgar评分分别为87例、23例、10例、（8.88±0.15）分,与对照组的83例、28例、9例、（8.81±0.19）分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 潜伏期与活跃期对妊娠期高血压产妇实施分娩镇痛对产程时间以及母婴结局的影响不大,但潜伏期镇痛可改善产妇潜伏期的疼痛,可尽早缓解产妇痛苦,且对产妇子宫动脉血流灌注的影响更小。
目的 基于计划行为理论探讨妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）孕妇自我管理行为意向,为促进其孕期良好的自我管理提供依据。方法 运用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,对12例GDM孕妇进行深度半结构式访谈,并用Colaizzi七步内容分析法对主题进行归纳。结果 根据计划行为理论对主题进行归纳,共提炼出3种类别：①行为态度：认知不足,积极态度,消极态度;②主观规范：家庭影响,医护压力,人际压力;③知觉行为控制：知识技能获取受限,客观条件束缚共8个主题。结论 GDM患者在自我管理过程中存在对疾病认知不足的问题GDM,自我管理行为受到家庭、医护人员、人际关系等外界压力对自我管理态度的影响,且存在知识技能欠缺,客观条件制约多方面阻碍。医护人员应加强对GDM孕妇的自我管理教育,适时提供支持,提高其自我管理效率。
Objective To explore the self-management behavior intention of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）based on the theory of planned behavior,and to provide a basis for promoting good self-management during pregnancy. Methods Using the phenomenological research method in qualitative research,12 pregnant women with GDM were interviewed in an in-depth semi-structured interview,and then the themes were summarized by Colaizzi's seven-step content analysis. Results According to the theory of planned behavior,the themes were summarized into three categories and eight themes including（1）Behavioral Attitudes：cognition deficiency,positive attitude,and negative attitude,（2）Subjective norms：family influence,medical pressure,interpersonal pressure,and（3）Perceptual behavior control：self-management knowledge acquisition limitations,self-management Objective conditions constraint. Conclusions Most of the respondents have insufficient awareness of self-management of gestational diabetes,different patients have different attitudes towards self-management,and self-management behavior is affected by external pressures such as family,medical staff,and interpersonal relationships,and there are many obstacles due to a lack of knowledge and skills,Objective conditions．Medical staff should strengthen the self-management education of pregnant women with gestational diabetes,provide timely support,and improve their self-management efficiency．
目的 探究脐动脉血流动力学指标、血脂、促甲状腺激素(TSH)对妊娠期糖尿病患者分娩结局的影响研究。方法 选取我院2021年1月—2021年11月收治的妊娠期糖尿病患者138例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组各69例。比较2组患者体内脐动脉血流动力学指标、血脂指标及TSH相关指标表达水平差异及妊娠结局,并通过多元线性回归分析探究脐动脉血流动力学指标、血脂指标、TSH等相关指标与妊娠期糖尿病患者不良妊娠结局的相关性。结果 研究组孕妇脐动脉峰值流速/舒张末期流速(S/D)、阻力指数(RI)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、TSH水平高于对照组,游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)水平低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组孕妇巨大儿、剖宫产、新生儿低血糖发生率及新生儿体质量均高于对照组(P<0.05);多元线性回归方程显示:S/D、RI、TG、LDL、TSH水平变化均与不良妊娠结局存在相关性(R2=0.224,调整R2=0.201;F=9.504,P<0. 05),且影响顺序由大到小依次为 TG、TSH、RI、S/D、LDL。结论 妊娠期糖尿病孕妇体内的S/D、RI、TG、LDL、TSH水平异常可能会影响妊娠结局,临床可通过监测上述指标的变化,及时采取干预措施。
Objective To investigate the effects of umbilical artery hemodynamic indexes, blood lipids and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on delivery outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 138 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus who were admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to November 2021 were selected and divided into a control group and a study group by random digital table, with 69 cases in each group. The differences in umbilical artery hemodynamic indexes, blood lipid indexes and TSH-related indexes and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between umbilical artery hemodynamic indexes, blood lipid indexes, TSH, other related indexes and adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Results The systolic and diastolic peak volume ratio (S/D), resistive index (RI) of umbilical artery, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and TSH in the study group were higher than those in the control group, while the levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of macrosomia, cesarean section, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal weight in study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The multiple linear regression equation showed that the adverse pregnancy outcomes were correlated with changes of TG, TSH, RI, S/D, LDL levels (R2=0.224, adjusted R2=0.201; F=9.504, P<0.05), in descending order. Conclusions Abnormal levels of S/D, RI, TG, LDL, TSH and FT4 in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus may affect the pregnancy outcomes. Clinical intervention measures can be taken by monitoring the changes of the above indicators.
目的 研究不同孕周妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症（ICP）产妇胆汁酸、肝酶、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶（α-HBDH）水平与围产儿结局关系。方法 采用病例对照研究方法,选取孕中期和晚期ICP组、对照组为研究对象。生化仪检测总胆汁酸（TBA）、血清肝酶、α-HBDH水平。高效液相色谱串联质法检测血清内胆酸（CA）、鹅脱氧胆酸、脱氧胆酸（DCA）、石胆酸（LCA）等游离胆汁酸含量。结果 孕中期ICP组血清内CA、DCA、LCA、TBA丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）均大于孕晚期组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic 回归分析结果显示：ALT、AST、a-HBDH、CA、DCA、LCA和TBA升高是围产儿不良结局的危险因素。结论 各类胆汁酸、肝酶、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶对围产儿结局预测价值不同。ALT、AST、a-HBDH、CA、DCA、LCA和TBA升高是围产儿不良结局的危险因素。
目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）孕妇的妊娠并发症、孕晚期生殖道B族链球菌（GBS）感染情况以及妊娠结局的影响。方法 选取2020年1月1日—12月31日在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心定期产检、足月、单胎妊娠的GDM孕妇共583例,其中合并HBV感染者（GDM+HBV组）48例,无合并者（GDM组）535例。比较2组的妊娠期并发症、妊娠晚期（妊娠35~37周）生殖道GBS感染情况、妊娠结局以及阴道分娩者的母儿结局。结果 与GDM组患者相比,GDM+HBV组患者出现妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症、孕晚期生殖道GBS感染者比例较高,孕期出现胎盘早剥者比例较高,阴道分娩过程中出现产时发热、羊水粪染和新生儿入住NICU者比例均较高（均P<0.05）。结论 与无合并慢性HBV感染的GDM患者相比,合并慢性HBV感染的GDM患者在围产期的母儿风险升高。
Objective To investigate the effects of chronic hepatitis B virus（HBV）infection on pregnancy complications,group B streptococcus（GBS）infection in third trimester and pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）．Methods A retrospective study of 583 pregnant women with GDM,singleton gestation and cephalic presentation delivered at term in Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center was carried out．Including 48 GDM women complicated with chronic HBV infection（GDM+HBV group）and 535 GDM women without HBV infection（GDM group）．Pregnancy complications,GBS infection in third trimester（gestation 35-37 weeks）,pregnancy outcomes,maternal and neonatal outcomes of vaginal delivery were compared between the two groups．Results GDM+HBV group had a higher proportion of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy（ICP）and GBS infection in third trimester than GDM group,and a higher proportion of placental abruption during pregnancy．GDM+HBV group showed a significantly increased proportion in intrapartum fever,meconium-stained amniotic fluid and neonatal intensive care unit admission during vaginal delivery than GDM group（all P<0.05）．Conclusions GDM women with chronic HBV infection are associated with increased maternal and fetal risk during pregnancy and delivery．
目的 观察首诊-复诊-住院-产后管理的模块化护理干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)围产期患者的影响。方法 回顾性收集我院2020年1月—2021年1月GDM患者91例,按照患者意愿及不同护理方案分组。常规护理组45例予以常规护理,模块化管理组46例在常规护理基础上予以首诊-复诊-住院-产后管理的模块化护理。比较2组患者首诊时、分娩后血糖控制水平、围产期患者并发症发生情况、围产期新生儿并发症发生情况、护理工作满意度。结果 分娩前模块化管理组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖低于常规护理组(P＜0.05);模块化管理组围产期患者并发症发生率8.70%(4/46)低于常规护理组24.44%(11/45)(P＜0.05);模块化管理组围产期新生儿并发症发生率6.52%(3/46)低于常规护理组22.22%(10/45)(P＜0.05);模块化管理组护理工作满意度93.48%(43/46)高于常规护理组77.78%(35/45)(P＜0.05)。结论 首诊-复诊-住院-产后管理的模块化护理干预可改善GDM患者的血糖水平,降低围产期患者及新生儿并发症发生率,同时能提升患者护理工作满意度。
Objective To observe the effect of modularized nursing intervention on perinatal patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), including first visit, subsequent visit, hospitalization and postpartum management. Methods Ninety-one patients with GDM in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were retrospectively grouped according to patients' wishes and different nursing plans, and their data were collected. Forty-five patients in the routine nursing group received routine nursing, and 46 patients in the modular management group received modularized nursing in addition to the routine nursing, including first visit, subsequent visit, hospitalization and postpartum management. The blood glucose level at the first visit and after delivery, the incidence of complications in perinatal patients, the incidence of complications in perinatal neonates, and the satisfaction of nursing work were compared between two groups. Results Before delivery, FPG and 2hPG levels in modularized management group were lower than those in routine nursing group (P<0.05). The incidence of perinatal complications in modularized management group was 8.70% (4/46), lower than that in routine nursing group (24.44%, 11/45, P<0.05). The incidence of neonatal complications in the modularized management group was 6.52% (3/46), lower than that in the routine nursing group (22.22%, 10/45, P<0.05). The nursing job satisfaction rate of modular management group was 93.48% (43/46), higher than that of routine nursing group (77.78%, 35/45, P<0.05). Conclusions Modularized nursing intervention of first visit, subsequent visit, hospitalization and postpartum management could improve the blood glucose level of patients with GDM, reduce the incidence of complications in perinatal patients and neonates, and improve patients' satisfaction with nursing work.
