目的 调查消化系统恶性肿瘤患者营养风险、营养知识-态度-行为（知信行）水平的现状，探究各因素是否对患者的营养风险、营养知信行水平具有影响，并分析两者之间的相关性。方法 选取中山大学附属第八医院（深圳福田）2024年2月—10月的244例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、营养风险筛查NRS2002量表以及消化系统肿瘤患者营养知信行问卷进行调查，数据收集后进行统计分析，从而研究消化系统恶性肿瘤患者营养筛查风险与营养知信行水平的现状、影响因素及两者间的相关性。结果 69.3%的消化系统恶性肿瘤患者存在营养风险，营养风险评分为（2.72±1.42）分。消化系统恶性肿瘤患者营养知识水平得分为（12.30±5.26）分、营养态度水平得分为（14.80±2.68）分、营养行为水平得分为（22.82±4.55）分、营养知信行水平总分为（49.96±9.50）分。家庭经济收入是患者营养风险水平的核心影响因素（P＜0.05），学历水平是患者营养知信行水平的核心影响因素（P＜0.05）。消化系统恶性肿瘤患者营养风险水平与营养知信行的总体水平呈负相关（r=-0.143，P＜0.05）。结论 消化系统恶性肿瘤患者的营养知信行水平总体处于中等水平，但普遍存在营养风险较高的情况。在患者治疗期间实施个性化营养健康宣教至关重要，这将有助于提升患者的营养知识水平，从而整体性改善其营养知信行素养并降低其营养风险，但在进行营养宣教和制定个性化营养方案时应充分考虑患者的家庭经济收入及学历水平。

    Objective To explore the nutritional risk and nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior status of patients with digestive system malignant tumors，to analyze the influencing factors of nutritional risk，nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior，and explore the correlation between them．Methods From February 2024 to October 2024，244 patients with digestive system malignant tumors at the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were selected as the research subjects．A general information questionnaire，Nutritional Risk Screening 2002，and digestive system tumor patient nutrition knowledge-attitude-behavior questionnaire were used to study the influencing factors and correlations between the nutritional screening risk and nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior in patients with digestive system malignant tumors．Results There were 69.3% of the patients with digestive system malignant tumors had nutritional risk score ≥3，and the overall score was（2.72±1.42）．The scores of nutritional knowledge，attitude，behavior and total score of digestive system malignant tumors patients were（12.30±5.26），（14.80±2.68），（22.82±4.55）and（49.96±9.50），respectively．Family economic income was the core influencing factors of nutritional risk in patients with digestive system malignant tumors，while educational level was the core influencing factor of nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior in patients with digestive system malignant tumors．The nutritional risk level of patients with malignant tumors of the digestive system was significantly negatively correlated with the overall level of nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior．Conclusions The nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior level of patients with malignant tumors of the digestive system is generally at a medium level，but there is a widespread situation of relatively high nutritional risk．It is extremely important and necessary to conduct personalized nutrition knowledge education for patients during their treatment period，which will help enhance patients’ nutritional knowledge level，thereby comprehensively improving their nutritional knowledge-attitude-behavior literacy and reducing their nutritional risks．However，when conducting nutrition education and formulating personalized nutrition plans，the patient’s family economic income，medical payment methods and educational level should be fully considered．

目的 应用NRS2002、MNA-SF两种营养筛查方法评估住院老年冠心病患者营养风险,观察营养风险与营养指标及心功能的关系。方法 选取2017年8月-2018年6月在我院全科医学科住院的老年冠心病患者129例,使用两种方法分别进行营养筛查,分成存在营养风险组和不存在营养风险组,完善血常规、生化、心功能检查,统计两组各项指标之间的关系,及两种营养筛查方法与各项指标的相关性。结果 NRS2002筛查出营养风险发生率为38.76%,MNA-SF筛查出营养风险发生率75.97%。与不存在营养风险组比较,存在营养风险组的BMI、HB、ALB下降,且NRS-2002评分中存在营养风险组pro-BNP较不存在营养风险组明显升高。两种营养筛查方法与HB、PA、ALB、pro-BNP均有相关性。结论 运用两种营养筛查方法,结合各项指标能更好对老年冠心病患者进行营养风险评估。

Objective To analyze the preoperative nutritional screening results of the nutritional risk screening 2002（NRS2002） and the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form（MNA-SF） in 129 elderly patients with coronary heart disease and their relationships with some nutritional indicators and heart function. Methods NRS2002 and MNA-SF were used to evaluate the nutritional risk of 129 elderly patients with coronary heart disease. We divided the patients into nutritional risk group and non- nutritional risk group. The relationships between two groups with the nutritional indicators and the heart function were analyzed,and the value of the two nutritional screening tools was compared. Results The incidence rate of malnutrition by using NRS2002 was 38.76% and that of MNA-SF was 75.97% among 129 CHD patients. The nutritional risk group had lower BMI,HB and ALB. Nutritional risk group that was screened by NRS2002 had higher pro-BNP. And the two nutritional risk texts were related to HB,PA,ALB and pro-BNP. Conclusion It would be better to use two methods and some indicators to analyze the nutritional risk in elderly CHD patients in the hospital.

目的 了解非结核分枝杆菌肺病患者营养风险、营养不足发生率,以及营养支持的应用状况,为临床实施营养干预提供参考依据。方法 对2012年10月—2014年10月在广州市胸科医院就诊的非结核分枝杆菌肺病患者(符合NRS2002评定标准)的营养风险筛查与营养支持状况进行回顾性分析。结果 402例患者中,营养不足和营养风险的发生率分别为35.8％(144/402)和66.7％(268/402);所有患者中,总体营养支持率为60.0%(241/402), 使用肠外营养与肠内营养的比例为3.2∶1;老年患者,女性患者,复治患者更是发生营养风险和营养不足的高危人群;存在营养风险患者的营养支持率为82.1%(220/268),不存在营养风险患者营养支持率为15.7%(21/134)。结论 非结核分枝杆菌肺病患者存在较高比例的营养不足和营养风险,肠外肠内营养临床应用存在不合理性;应推广和使用NRS2002营养评定方法和肠内肠外营养指南,作为实施营养支持的依据。

Objective To investigate prevalence of nutritional risk, undernutrition, and nutritional support of hospitalized patients with non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Methods Adult patients in Guangzhou Chest Hospital from October 2012 to October 2014 were enrolled by fix-point consecutive sampling. Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) was performed and nutritional support was evaluated in all patients. Results A total of 402 patients were enrolled.Overall prevalence of undernutrition was 35.8%, and nutritional risk was 66.7%. Among all the patients, the rate of nutritional support was 60.0%, including 82.1%of patients with nutritional risk and 15.7% of non-risk patients. Gerontal patients, retreatment patients and female patients are in the greater possibility of being expose to nutritional risk or undernutrition. Conclusion A large proportion of inpatients with non-tuberculosis mycobacteria were at nutritional risk or undernutrition.The application of parenteral or enteral nutritional support currently maybe inappropriate. NRS2002 and parenteral or enteral nutrition guideline are required to affording nutritional support.

目的 调查住院患儿的营养风险及营养状况,探讨儿科营养风险筛查新方法的应用。方法 使用新的儿科营养风险筛查工具,对住院患儿进行营养风险筛查,根据体格测量评价儿童营养状况;与国外三种儿科营养风险筛查工具比较一致性。结果 402例住院患儿中高营养风险患儿占24.1%,营养不良的检出率为18.4%。有36.8%的患者接受营养支持,其中肠外营养支持率为23.1%,肠内营养支持率为16.7%,PN:EN为1.39:1。结论 对住院患儿采用新方法做营养风险筛查,能客观地反映住院患儿的营养风险,为临床营养支持提供依据。

Objective To investigate nutritional risk and the nutritional status in hospitalized children,and to validate the new screening tool of nutritional risk in hospitalized pediatric patients. Methods The nutritional risk of hospitalized pediatric patients was investigated using the new screening tool,and compared with other three pediatric nutritional risk screening tools;the nutritional status was assessed according to children physical measurement. Results Among 402 hospitalized children,children with high nutritional risk accounted for 24.1%.The overall prevalence of malnutrition was 18.4%.The proportion of patients receiving nutritional support was 36.8%.The rate of parenteral and enteral nutrition support was 23.1% and 16.7%,respectively.The ratio of parenteral nutrition to enteral nutrition was 1.39:1. Conclusion The new screening tool can reflect the possible nutritional risk in hospitalized pediatric patients objectively and provide the basis for clinical nutritional support.

      目的 探讨老年营养风险指数（GNRI）与慢性阻塞性肺疾病者急性加重期患者预后的相关性。方法 选择贵州省六盘水水旷医院2019年1月—2022年1月收治的COPD急性加重期患者，根据GNRI值，分为正常营养组（GNRI＞98）和营养不良组（GNRI≤98），应用生存曲线和Cox比例风险回归评估营养状况与死亡率之间的关联。结果 共纳入198例COPD急性加重期患者，正常营养组90例，营养不良组108例，营养不良发生率为54.5%；Kaplan-Meier曲线表明，营养不良组的全因累积死亡率更高（58.3% vs 35.0%，P＜0.001）。Cox比例风险回归分析显示在未校正模型中，HR为2.31（1.25~4.28），P＜0.001。在完全校正模型中，HR为2.48（1.37~4.51），P=0.005，提示与正常营养状况相比，营养不良与全因死亡风险升高相关。结论  GNRI低是COPD患者急性加重期全因死亡的独立危险因素。

      Objective  To investigate the correlation between elderly nutritional risk index（GNRI）and prognosis of patients with AECOPD．Methods  Patients with AECOPD admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected and divided into normal nutrition group（GNRI＞98）and malnutrition group（GNRI≤98）according to GNRI value．Survival curve and Cox regression were used to evaluate the association between nutritional status and mortality．Results  A total of 198 patients with AECOPD were included in this study．According to GNRI scores，90 patients were in the normal nutrition group and 108 were in the malnutrition group，with malnutrition incidence of 54.5%．The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the cumulative all-cause mortality was higher in the malnutrition group（58.3% vs 35%，P＜0.001）．Cox proportional hazard  regression analysis showed that HR in the uncorrected model was 2.31（1.25-4.28），P＜0.001．In the fully corrected model，HR was 2.4（1.37-4.51）and P=0.005，suggesting that malnutrition was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortalitycompared with normal nutritional status．Conclusions  Low GNRI is an independent risk factor for all-cause death in AECOPD patients．