论著

休克指数与血乳酸水平预测院前创伤性休克患者预后的对比分析

Comparative analysis of shock index and blood lactate level in predicting the prognosis of pre hospital traumatic shock patients

:824-828
 
       目的   探讨、对比休克指数(SI)与血乳酸水平预测院前创伤性休克患者预后中的应用。方法   于2020年12月—2023年12月收治80例创伤性休克患者,均接受SI、乳酸水平的监测。结合监测的结果进行分组:乳酸正常组:乳酸水平在2 mmol/L以下,升高组:2 mmol/L以上;SI正常组:SI在0.9以下,升高组:SI在0.9以上。观察、记录患者入院7 d后的序贯性器官功能衰竭评分(SOFA),对多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)情况进行评估。同时观察、记录机械通气、血管活性药物的使用和住院等情况。结果   乳酸水平升高组60例,正常组20组;SI升高组58例,正常组22例,女性乳酸水平、SI,与男性比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。是否发生多器官功能障碍者的年龄、性别、SI指数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)评分[(4.22±1.53)分 vs (9.46±3.82)分,t=7.816,P<0.001]、住院时间[(23.34±5.71)d vs (12.26±2.11)d,t=11.830,P<0.001]、基础乳酸值[(4.75±2.36)mmol/L vs (2.04±1.11)mmol/L,t=6.721,P<0.001]与发生MODS在组间对比差异有统计学意义。SI升高组的容量复苏收缩压>80 mmHg(%)有27例,与乳酸水平升高组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(46.55% vs 18.18%,χ 2 =12.237,P0.001)。乳酸水平升高组中,11例患者接受机械通气,乳酸水平均升高(P0.05);9例患者使用血管活性药物,乳酸水平均升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);38例住院患者,24例乳酸水平升高(P0.05)。13例患者接受机械通气,12例SI升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);11例患者接受血管活性物治疗,8例SI升高,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);39例患者住院,SI升高22例,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论   针对重症的创伤性休克患者,当血乳酸水平升高时会大大增加MODS发生的概率,乳酸水平在对重症创伤性休克患者预后进行预测时,应用价值更高。
       Objective  To explore and compare the application of shock index(SI)and  blood lactic acid level in predicting the prognosis of patients with pre-hospital traumatic shock.Methods  From December 2020 to December 2023,80 patients with traumatic shock were enrolled,and their SI and levels of lactic acid were monitored.Patients were grouped according to the monitoring results:normal group:lactic acid level below 2 mmol/L,increased group:above 2 mmol/L;normal group:SI below 0.9,and increased group:SI above 0.9.The sequential organ failure score(SOFA)was observed and recorded 7 days after hospitalization,and the situation of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)was evaluated.At the same time,mechanical ventilation,the use of vasoactive substances and hospitalization were observed and recorded.Results  There were 60 cases in the group with increased lactic acid level and 20 cases in the normal group.There were 58 cases of increased SI and 22 cases of normal.The lactic acid level and SI index in women were higher than those in men,with no difference(P>0.05).There were no differences in age,sex,SI index and the incidence of MODS(P>0.05).GCS score(4.22±1.53 vs 9.46±3.82),hospitalization days(23.34±5.71 vs 12.26±2.11)d,basal lactate value(4.75±2.36 vs 2.04±1.11)mmol L-1 were significantly different from those of MODS(t=11.830,P<0.001;t=6.721,P<0.001,P<0.05).There were 27 cases with volume  resuscitation systolic blood pressure > 80 mmhg(%)in the group with increased SI,which was different from that of SI and lactic acid(46.55% vs18.18%,χ 2 =12.237,P<0.001;P<0.05).Lactic acid increased group:11 patients received mechanical ventilation,and the lactic acid levels of all 11 patients increased(P<0.05).Nine patients used vasoactive substances,and their lactic acid levels all increased,with no significant difference(P>0.05).Of the 38 inpatients,24 cases had elevated lactic acid levels(P<0.05).Thirteen patients received mechanical ventilation,and 12 patients had elevated SI,with no statistical significance(P>0.05).Eleven patients were treated with vasoactive agents,and 8 patients had increased SI,with no difference(P>0.05).Among the 39 patients hospitalized,22 cases had increased SI,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions  For patients with severe traumatic shock,when the blood lactic acid level increases,the probability of MODS will be greatly increased.Compared with SI index,lactic acid level has higher application value in predicting the prognosis of patients with severe traumatic shock.
论著

贝伐珠单抗联合化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者 MSH2、MLHI、MSH6 和 PMS2 水平影响

The effect of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy on the levels of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6 and PMS2 in patients with advanced colorectal cancer

:809-814
 
       目的   分析贝伐珠单抗与化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者4种错配修复蛋白(MSH2、MLHI、MSH6、PMS2)水平影响。方法   选择2022年1月—2024年1月江苏省宿迁市中医院肿瘤科102例晚期结直肠癌患者,按抽签法分成两组,即化疗组及联合组,各51例。化疗组应用FOLFOX(亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂+氟尿嘧啶)方案进行化疗,联合组采取贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFOX方案治疗。对比其肿瘤控制效果、免疫功能及MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2水平变化,并对比组间不良反应发生率。结果   联合组客观缓解率、疾病控制率高于化疗组(P<0.05);治疗后联合组患者CD4+ 、CD3+ 、CD8+ 、和CD4+ /CD8+数值高于化疗组,且两组治疗后均低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2缺失率对比无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其阳性、阴性表达情况对比差异有统计学意义,联合组MSH2、MLHI、MSH6和PMS2阳性率低于化疗组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论   对晚期结直肠癌在化疗基础上增加贝伐珠单抗抗肿瘤效果显著,改善其免疫功能,虽无法改善患者错配修复蛋白缺损,但可辅助降低其阳性率,且不影响安全性。
       Objective  To analyze the effects of bevacizumab and chemotherapy on the levels of four mismatch  repair proteins(MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,PMS2)in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.Methods  A total of 102 patients with advanced colorectal cancer from the Oncology Department of Suqian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in  Jiangsu Province from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected,and were divided into two groups according to the drawing method,namely the chemotherapy group and the combination group,with 51 patients in each group.The chemotherapy group received FOLFOX(calcium folinate+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil)regimen for chemotherapy,while the combination group received bevacizumab combined with FOLFOX regimen for treatment.Tumor control effect,immune function,and changes in MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 levels,and its incidence of adverse reactions were compared.Results  The objective remission rate and disease control rate of the combined group were higher than those of the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).After treatment,the CD4+ ,CD3+ ,CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+ values in the combination group were higher than those in the chemotherapy group,and those after treatment were lower than those before treatment in both groups(P<0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in the deletion  rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 between the two groups of patients(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in their positive and negative expression.The positive rates of MSH2,MLHI,MSH6,and PMS2 in the combination group were lower than those in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse  reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions  Adding bevacizumab on the basis of chemotherapy has a significant anti-tumor effect on advanced colorectal cancer,improving its immune function.Although it cannot improve the mismatch  repair protein defect in patients,it can assist in reducing its positivity rate and has high safety.
论著

可注射型载阿霉素水凝胶治疗胶质瘤的实验研究

Experimental study on the treatment of glioma with injectable doxorubicin hydrogel

:616-621
 
       目的   初步探讨可注射型载阿霉素水凝胶对胶质瘤的治疗作用。方法   使用透析法检测载阿霉素水凝胶在体外释放药物的情况。构建大鼠皮下C6胶质瘤模型,按不同给药途径分为空白对照组、经静脉注射组、水凝胶组。给药15 h后,经免疫荧光检测阿霉素在肿瘤内部的分布情况。给药7 d后,计算出各组的抑瘤率;并对肿瘤组织进行苏木精-伊红染色。结果   在体外,载阿霉素水凝胶具有缓释药物的性能。在体内,与经静脉给药相比,局部注射载阿霉素水凝胶使瘤内分布更多阿霉素,抑瘤率更高(42% vs 64%),肿瘤细胞坏死更明显。结论   载阿霉素水凝胶可为胶质瘤局部化学治提供新的载体。
      Objective  To investigate the therapeutic effect of injectable doxorubicin-containing hydrogel on glioma.Methods  The release of doxorubicin hydrogel in vitro was detected by dialysis.The subcutaneous C6 glioma model of  rats was constructed and divided into blank control group,intravenous injection group and hydrogel group according to different administration methods.The distribution of doxorubicin in the tumor was detected by immunofluorescence 15 hours after administration.After 7 days of administration,the tumor inhibition rate of each group was calculated.The tumor tissue was stained with hematoxylin eosin.Results  In vitro,doxorubicin-containing hydrogels had sustained drug release properties.In vivo,compared with intravenous administration,local injection of doxorubicin-containing hydrogel resulted in more doxorubicin distribution,higher tumor inhibition rate(42% vs 64%)and more obvious tumor cell necrosis.Conclusions  Doxorubicin-containing hydrogel can provide a new carrier 
for local chemotherapy of glioma.
专家述评

结直肠癌肝转移的分子机制及临床治疗的研究进展

Advances in the emerging mechanisms and treatment progress on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer

:288-299
 
       结直肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大最常见的癌症,也是癌症相关死亡的第二大常见原因。结直肠癌肝转移(CRLM)是导致CRC患者死亡的主要原因,根治性肝切除术是目前有望治愈CRLM的唯一途径,但大部分患者不能进行根治性肝切除术。通过早期发现并进行针对性干预,能够改善患者的治疗效果及预后。文章通过综述CRLM的发病机制、诊疗现状及最新纳米诊疗方法,为深入探索高效诊疗方法提供思路。
      Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide.Colorectal cancer liver metastases(CRLM)are the leading cause of death in patients with CRC.Radical hepatectomy is the only way to cure CRLM so far,while most patients cannot undergo radical hepatectomy.CRLM treatment efficacy and prognosis can be improved by early diagnosis and specialized intervention.This paper reviews the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment status of CRLM and the latest nano-diagnosis and treatment methods so as to provide ideas for in-depth exploration of efficient diagnosis and treatment methods.
论著

ZEB1、LAMP5 在结直肠癌组织中的表达水平分析及预后预测价值分析

Expression levels and prognostic value of ZEB1 and LAMP5 in colorectal cancer tissues

:228-234
 
       目的  探讨转录因子E盒结合锌指蛋白1(ZEB1)、溶酶体相关膜蛋白5(LAMP5)在结直肠癌组织中的表达水平分析及预后预测价值。方法  选取驻马店市中心医院2018年1月—2020年1月收治的120例结直肠癌患者,分别采取所有患者的结直肠癌组织及癌旁组织进行免疫组化染色,对比ZEB1、LAMP5阳性率。对比不同病理特征结直肠癌患者ZEB1、LAMP5表达水平差异。对所有患者进行4年随访,依照随访结果将患者分为2个亚组,即预后不良组(n=35)和预后良好组(n=85),对比两组患者一般临床特征及ZEB1、LAMP5表达水平,应用Logistic回归分析ZEB1、LAMP5对结直肠癌预后的预测价值。结果 结直肠癌组织ZEB1、LAMP5相对表达量(38.26±5.49、26.77±3.85)与ZEB1、LAMP5阳性率(86.67%、72.22%)高于癌旁组织(15.46±2.54、8.04±1.59、23.33%、15.56%],对比差异有统计学意义(t=41.280,χ2=25.437;t=49.255,χ 2 =16.071;P<0.05)。不同TNM分期[Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(35.55±4.13)、Ⅲ~Ⅳ期(42.32±4.75)]、淋巴结转移患者[是(44.37±4.28)、否(35.84±3.77)]、肿瘤分化程度[低分化(35.27±4.57)、中高分化(41.34±4.60)]ZEB1相对表达量对比差异有统计学意义(t=-8.281,P<0.001;t=10.746,P<0.001;t=-7.253,P<0.001);不同TNM分期[Ⅱ期(24.88±3.37)、Ⅲ~Ⅳ期(29.61±2.57)]、淋巴结转移[是(30.72±2.19)、否(25.21±3.19)]、肿瘤分化程度[低分化(24.57±3.62)、中高分化(29.04±2.55)]患者LAMP5相对表达量对比差异有统计学意义(t=-8.254,P<0.001;t=9.227,P<0.001;t=-7.797,P<0.001);预后良好组与预后不良组患者性别、年龄、大体类型、肿瘤大小对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),预后良好组与预后不良组患者TNM分期、淋巴结转移、肿瘤分化程度、ZEB1、LAMP5阳性比例对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示:淋巴结转移、ZEB1阳性、LAMP5阳性为结直肠癌预后不良独立预测因素(P<0.05)。结论  ZEB1、LAMP5在结直肠癌组织中呈现高表达状态,且与结直肠癌的发生有关,同时ZEB1、LAMP5是结直肠癌预后的独立预测因素,两者有希望成为结直肠癌的治疗靶点。
       Objective  To investigate the expression levels and prognostic value of transcription factor E-box binding to zinc finger protein 1(ZEB1)and lysosomal associated membrane protein 5(LAMP5)in colorectal cancer tissues.Methods  A total of 120 colorectal cancer patients admitted to a hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected.Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of all patients,and the positivity rates of ZEB1 and LAMP5 were compared.The expression levels of ZEB1 and LAMP5 in colorectal cancer patients with different pathological characteristics were compared.All patients were followed up for 4 years and divided into two subgroups based on the follow-up results,namely the poor prognosis group(n=35)and the good prognosis group(n=85).The general clinical characteristics and expression levels of ZEB1 and LAMP5 were compared between the two groups.Logistic  regression analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of ZEB1 and LAMP5 for the prognosis of colorectal cancer.Results The relative expression level of ZEB 1 and LAMP 5 in colorectal cancer tissues [(38.26±5.49),(26.77±3.85)] and the positive rate of ZEB 1 and LAMP 5(86.67%,72.22%)were significantly higher than that of adjacent tissues [(15.46±2.54),(8.04±1.59),23.33%,15.56%],the contrast  difference was statistically significant(t=41.280,χ2=25.437;t=49.255,χ 2 =16.071;P<0.05).Relative ZEBI expression levels in different TNM stages [I-Ⅱstage(35.55±4.13),Ⅲ-Ⅳstage(42.32±4.75)],lymph node metastasis[Yes(44.37±4.28),No(35.84±3.77)],degree of tumor differentiation [hypodifferentiated(35.27±4.57),and middle or high differentiated (29.04±2.55)],those differences were statistically significant(t=-8.254,P<0.001;t=9.227,P<0.001;t=-7.797,P<0.001).The relative expression of LAMP 5 between different TNM stages [I-Ⅱstage(24.88±3.37),Ⅲ-Ⅳstage(29.61±2.57)],lymph node metastasis [yes(30.72±2.19),no(25.21±3.19)],degree of tumor  differentiation [hypodifferentiated(24.57±3.62),and middle or high differentiated(29.04±2.55)],the contrast was statistically significant(t=-8.254,P<0.001;t=9.227,P<0.001;t=-7.797,P<0.001).There were no differences in gender,age,gross type,and tumor size between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group(P>0.05),while there were differences in TNM stages,lymph node metastasis,tumor differentiation degrees,ratio of ZEB 1 and LAMP 5(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,ZEB 1 positive,and LAMP 5 positive were independent predictive factors of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer(P<0.05).Conclusions  ZEB1 and LAMP5 are highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues and closely related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.ZEB1 and LAMP5 are independent prognostic factors for colorectal cancer,and they have the potential to become therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer.
专家述评

乳酸化修饰在肿瘤中的研究进展

The role of lactation modification in tumors

:1237-1245
 
乳酸以往被视为不具备生物学功能的代谢废物。随着人们对乳酸的深入研究,发现乳酸有多种作用。乳酸化修饰是近期发现一种与乳酸有关的蛋白质翻译后修饰过程。乳酸化修饰主要有两种,一种是与乳酸相关的直接修饰,另外一种是与丙酮酸相关的间接修饰。这两种乳酸化修饰均可能受到糖酵解、乳酸转运与堆积、蛋白质串扰以及神经系统等多方面的调控。乳酸化修饰可以通过直接或间接修饰组蛋白或非组蛋白,从而在肿瘤组织的代谢重编程、增殖、迁移及免疫逃逸中发挥着重要作用。乳酸化修饰的深入研究,有望为肿瘤的诊断和治疗开辟新的路径。因此,为了明确乳酸化修饰在肿瘤方面的研究进展,本文就蛋白乳酸化修饰的分子机制及其在肿瘤中作用的研究进展作一综述。
       Lactic acid was previously regarded as a metabolic waste product with no biological function. As lactic acid has been intensively studied, it has been found to have multiple roles. Lactation modification is a recently discovered protein post-translational modification process related to lactic acid. There are two main types of lactation modification:one is direct modification related to lactic acid and the other is indirect modification related to pyruvate. Both types of lactation modification may be regulated by various aspects such as glycolysis, lactate transport and accumulation, protein crosstalk, and the nervous system. Lactation modification can play an important role in metabolic reprogramming, proliferation, migration, and immune escape of tumor tissues by directly or indirectly modifying histones or non-histone proteins. The in-depth study of lactation modification is expected to find new pathways for tumor diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, in order to clarify the research progress of lactation modification in tumors, this paper presents a review on the molecular mechanism of protein lactation modification and the research progress of its role in tumors. 
出版者信息








《广州医药》公众号