目的 调查住院患儿的营养风险及营养状况,探讨儿科营养风险筛查新方法的应用。方法 使用新的儿科营养风险筛查工具,对住院患儿进行营养风险筛查,根据体格测量评价儿童营养状况;与国外三种儿科营养风险筛查工具比较一致性。结果 402例住院患儿中高营养风险患儿占24.1%,营养不良的检出率为18.4%。有36.8%的患者接受营养支持,其中肠外营养支持率为23.1%,肠内营养支持率为16.7%,PN:EN为1.39:1。结论 对住院患儿采用新方法做营养风险筛查,能客观地反映住院患儿的营养风险,为临床营养支持提供依据。

Objective To investigate nutritional risk and the nutritional status in hospitalized children,and to validate the new screening tool of nutritional risk in hospitalized pediatric patients. Methods The nutritional risk of hospitalized pediatric patients was investigated using the new screening tool,and compared with other three pediatric nutritional risk screening tools;the nutritional status was assessed according to children physical measurement. Results Among 402 hospitalized children,children with high nutritional risk accounted for 24.1%.The overall prevalence of malnutrition was 18.4%.The proportion of patients receiving nutritional support was 36.8%.The rate of parenteral and enteral nutrition support was 23.1% and 16.7%,respectively.The ratio of parenteral nutrition to enteral nutrition was 1.39:1. Conclusion The new screening tool can reflect the possible nutritional risk in hospitalized pediatric patients objectively and provide the basis for clinical nutritional support.

目的 探讨护理质量持续改进对康复医学科护理质量管理的影响。方法 制定康复医学科护理管理标准,比较改进前后护理专业基本技能评分和护患关系情况评分。结果 经过持续质量改进,康复医学科的护理质量显著提高。基础护理、护理文书和消毒隔离的评分显著提高,与改进前相比较,两组间的差异有统计学意义。护患关系融洽度和患者满意率提高,与改进前相比较,两组间差异有统计学意义;护理纠纷发生率降低,两组间差异有统计学意义。结论 在康复医学科护理管理中引进持续质量改进,可有效地提高护理质量,确保护理安全。

目的 探讨优质护理对于提高白内障手术患者术后恢复的影响。方法 选取本院自2014年1月—2014年6月收治的56例实施白内障手术的患者,将患者平均分配为对照组和实验组,对照组实行常规护理服务,观察组实施优质护理服务,建立完善的护理人员工作机制,提高护理人员素质;加强对患者的健康教育和心理护理,及时给患者进行检查。统计两组患者的治疗效果,分析优质护理服务的效果。结果 在术后接受优质护理服务的实验组患者的恢复效果好于对照组患者,术后的不良事件发生率较对照组低,患者的疼痛程度低,二组数据差异具有统计学意义。结论 给白内障术后的患者以优质护理服务能提高护理质量,缩短患者恢复时间,提高患者恢复效果。

目的 探讨压力管理对改善中年高血压患者生活质量的效果。方法 采用便利抽样法,把首次在我院住院的中年高血压患者115例按时间段分为实验组60例和对照组55例,对照组给予常规护理,实验组采用压力管理干预,分住院期和出院后康复期两阶段进行。使用抑郁自评量表和SF-36量表分别在出院前和出院后1个月进行测评。结果 干预后实验组患者抑郁标准分降低,SF-36量表各维度分及总分升高,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 对中年高血压患者实施有针对性、整体性、延续性和激励性的压力管理,可提高其生活质量。

Objective To explore the influence of stress management on the improvement of quality of life of middle-aged patients with hypertension. Methods According to convenience sampling, 115 middle-aged patients with hypertension who were the first time admitted to our hospital were divided, on the basis of different periods, into the test group (60 patients) and the control group (55 patients). The control group was accepted normal nursing, while the test group was accepted the stress management intervention that performed during hospitalization and after patients discharged from the hospital. Both groups were assessed, by using self-rating depression scale and SF-36 scale, before discharging from hospital and one month after discharging from hospital. Results After the intervention, the test group experienced reductions in depression standard score and increases in dimension scores and total scores of SF-36 scale.compared with those of the control group, these changes had statistical significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion Selective, integrated, continuous and stimulating stress management can help middle-aged patients with hypertension to improve the quality of life.

目的 通过比较术前螺旋CT诊断与X线、超声诊断,并分析螺旋CT的影像学表现,探讨急诊螺旋CT在外伤性肠及肠系膜损伤诊断及定位的价值。方法 回顾性分析经手术证实的65例行急诊平扫的肠或肠系膜损伤的术前CT、X线、B超等影像诊断结果,比较不同影像报告与术后诊断的符合情况,分析外伤性肠及肠系膜损伤的CT诊断的特点。结果 对肠及肠系膜损伤的CT诊断准确率高于X线、B超诊断准确率,差异有统计学意义(P=0.012,P<0.001),螺旋CT对外伤性肠及肠系膜损伤有对应的征象,利于做出定位诊断。结论 螺旋CT对腹部外伤性肠及肠系膜损伤具有良好的诊断及定位的价值。

Objective To investigate the value of spiral CT in enteral and mesenteric injury diagnosing and localizing caused by abdominal traumatic emergency,by the means of analyzing and comparing the preoperative CT report to X-ray and b-ultrasound reports. Methods 65 cases of confirmed enteral or mesenteric injury were recruited to explore their preoperative CT、X-ray and b-ultrasound features.Statistical analysis was conducted to calculate and compare the rate of sensitivity of 3 different test in diagnosing enteral and mesenteric injury. Results The accuracy of CT in diagnosing enteral and mesenteric injury were better than X-ray and b-ultrasound,the differences were statistical significance(P=0.012,P<0.001),and the CT features can help to localize the injury position. Conclusion Spiral CT scans have value in diagnosing enteral and mesenteric injury.

目的 分析丁苯酞软胶囊联合疏血通治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法 随机抽取我院近几年来收治的急性脑梗死患者87例,按照患者治疗方式分为两组,两组患者均予以常规治疗,对照组43例在此基础上以疏血通治疗,治疗组44例患者在此基础上以丁苯酞软胶囊联合疏血通治疗,对比两组患者治疗效果。结果 治疗组临床疗效总有效率较对照组临床疗效总有效率提高18.8%,两组患者治疗后NIHSS评分较治疗前降低,治疗组治疗后NIHSS评分较对照组低,心理健康、社会功能、精神功能及日常能力较对照组相比,P<0.05。两组患者治疗前后未发生肝肾功能异常情况,无出血等不良反应。结论 丁苯酞软胶囊联合疏血通治疗急性脑梗死具有效果,可改善患者神经功能缺损,临床价值确切。

目的 探讨群组管理对儿童特应性皮炎患儿生活质量的影响。方法 采用随机数字法将72例患儿分为干预组和对照组各36例,对照组不给予任何干预,干预组实施1个月的群组管理活动。结果 干预后干预组的瘙痒程度显著好转、总疗效率达100%、生活质量评分改善,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 群组管理是一种有效的管理模式,增强了患儿的自我效能,降低了疾病严重程度,提高了患儿的生活质量。

Objective To explore the influence of group management on quality of life of children with atopic dermatitis. Methods According to random number table, 72 children with atopic dermatitis were randomly divided into the experiment group and the control group. While the control group was not accepted any intervention, the experiment group was accepted one-month group management. Results After the intervention, the pruritus of the intervention group was improved, the total effective rate was 100% and scores of life quality were improved obviously.compared with those in the control group, these changes had statistical significance (P＜0.05). Conclusion Group management is an effective management mode, it improves children's self-efficacy, relieve the seriousness of illness and improve children's quality of life.

目的 通过测试获取脑瘫外翻足患儿的足底压力参数特征,为设定步态康复训练方案提供参考。方法 根据纳入和排除标准,选择脑瘫患儿和健康儿童各15人,通过足底压力测试仪测得足底各部位压力分布、区域压力峰值及步态时相百分比,将两组结果进行统计学比较。结果 比较发现在足底接触面积、足底压力值,以及步态时相所占时间长短三方面均有指标存在差异,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 足底压力测试技术可使临床步态分析更加量化、精确化,为设定更有针对性的康复训练提供依据。

Objective Through the assessment to get the plantar pressure features of cerebral palsy children with talipes valgus, in order to design suitable treatment plan. Methods According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, we chose 15 cerebral palsy children with talipes valgus in experimental group, and 15 healthy children in control group. Through the test to get the plantar contact area, pressure parameters and the percent of gait phase. the two groups were compared with statistics method. Results There were significant differences between two groups on the plantar contact area, pressure parameters and the percent of gait phase. Conclusion Plantar pressure measurement makes clinic gait analysis more quantized and accurate, it will provide the evidence to plan the suitable treatment plan.

目的 评价实时荧光定量PCR分析低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉平滑肌基因表达时12个候选内参基因表达的稳定性,获得最适合的内参基因。方法 以低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉平滑肌为研究对象,选择文献报道的常用12种内参基因为候选内参基因,利用geNorm和NormFinder程序分析实时荧光定量PCR数据,筛选出最适内参基因。结果 12个候选内参基因在低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉平滑肌表达稳定性由强到弱顺序为:TBP>B2M>HPRT1>HMBS>RPL13a>18sRNA>PPIA>ACTB>GUSB>TFRC>GAPDH>PGK1,平均表达稳定度(M值)均<0.5,geNorm和NormFinder评估后推荐使用TBP和B2M一起作为该研究时的内参基因。结论 同时使用TBP和B2M是实时荧光定量PCR分析低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉平滑肌基因表达的最适合内参基因,为低氧性肺动脉高压相关基因研究提供最优内参基因。

Objective To compare and select the suitable reference genes in real-time quantitative PCR analysis of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells mRNA expression level of pulmonary hypertension. Methods To choose appropriate reference gene, the expression of twelve commonly use housekeeping genes were examined in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension by using geNorm and NormFinder programs. Results The expression consistency of 12 genes was (from high to low): TBP>B2M>HPRT1>HMBS>RPL13a>18sRNA>PPIA>ACTB>GUSB>TFRC>GAPDH>PGK1. The average expression stability(M) values of them were low than 0.5. TBP and B2M reference genes were recommended to use in the same condition. Conclusion TBP and B2M reference genes were the most suitable combination of the reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR analysis in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.