目的 了解石岐区户籍居民2019年死因分布和主要死因对预期寿命的影响,为调整疾病控制战略方向提供支撑。方法 对2019年石岐区户籍居民死因数据进行基于国际通用编码ICD-10的分类,通过计算预期寿命、死亡率、去死因预期寿命变化、标准化死亡率、寿命损失率和潜在寿命损失年数对死因数据进行研究与分析。结果 石岐区户籍居民2019年粗死亡率为636.88/10万,每10万男性和女性分别平均死亡706.39人和569.86人,恶性肿瘤、心脏病、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病和内分泌营养代谢疾病为前五位死亡原因。恶性肿瘤中肺癌、肝癌和结肠直肠肛门癌的死亡率位列前三,心脏病中缺血性心脏病死亡率最高。撇除死因的影响后,增加预期寿命的前三名分别是恶性肿瘤(4.40岁)、心脏病(2.76岁)和脑血管病(1.79岁)。2019年石岐区潜在寿命损失年数为10 001.32人年,减寿率为58.64‰,恶性肿瘤、损伤和脑血管病是潜在寿命损失年数前三位死因,减寿率分别为27.80‰、7.72‰和5.18‰。结论 恶性肿瘤、心脏病和脑血管病是石岐区户籍居民的主要死因,也是造成2019年石岐区户籍居民寿命损失的最主要疾病,并造成沉重的疾病负担,应作为今后的防控重点,政府需采用综合性的防控措施,降低慢性病的危害,保护居民健康。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of death causes and influence of major death causes on life expectancy of Shiqi district in 2019, and provide support to develop strategies for disease prevention and control. Methods The 2019 death causes of residents in Shiqi district were classified by International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10). The life expectancy, mortality rate, cause eliminated life expectancy, standardized mortality rate, potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR), and potential years of life lost (PYLL) were calculated. Results The mortality of residents of Shiqi district in 2019 was 636.88/10⁵. The male mortality and female mortality were 706.39/10⁵and 569.86/10⁵, respectively. The top five causes of death in Shiqi district were malignant tumors, heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and endocrine nutrition and metabolic diseases. The malignant tumors with top three death rates were lung cancer, liver cancer, and colorectal and anal cancer. The highest death rate of heart disease was ischemic heart disease. The top three causes shortening life expectancy were malignant tumors(4.40 years), heart diseases(2.76 years), and cerebrovascular diseases (1.79 years). The PYLL was 10 001.32 person-year, the PYLLR was 58.64‰ in Shiqi distric,2019. The top three causes of life loss were malignant tumors, injury and cerebrovascular diseases. The PYLLR of those three death causes were 27.80‰, 7.72‰, and 5.18‰, respectively. Conclusion Malignant tumors, heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases were the main death causes and the major diseases for life lost of residents in Shiqi district, which caused heavy disease burden and should be focused in the future. For protecting the residents from the harm due to chronic non-communicable diseases, comprehensive preventive and controling measures should be taken by government.

目的 探究超声-微泡介导的miR-128通过调节PTEN对乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药的影响。方法 qPCR检测miR-128在乳腺癌细胞系中的表达,并利用结合微泡的miR-128质粒(质粒+超声+SF6微泡)转染细胞,探究超声-微泡介导的miR-128对乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药的影响。CCK8实验检测乳腺癌细胞的活性;qPCR检测过表达miR-128后对PTEN的影响和对乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药的影响。结果 miR-128在阿霉素耐药乳腺癌细胞中低表达;过表达miR-128能够增加乳腺癌细胞对阿霉素的敏感性,超声-微泡介导的miR-128进一步增强了乳腺癌细胞对阿霉素的敏感性;miR-128通过调节PTEN从而促进乳腺癌细胞对阿霉素耐药。结论 miR-128过表达可以增强乳腺癌对阿霉素的敏感性,超声-微泡介导的miR-128进一步增强了乳腺癌细胞对阿霉素的敏感性,本研究为乳腺癌阿霉素耐药的治疗提供了新的分子靶标和治疗途径。

Objective To explore the effect of ultrasound-microbubble mediated miR-128 on doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells by regulating PTEN. Methods Quantitatine PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-128 in breast cancer cell lines, and the ultrasound-microbubble combined miR-128 plasmid(plasmid+ultrasound+SF6 microbubbles) was used to transfect the cells to explore the effects of ultrasound-microbubble mediated miR-128 on doxorubicin resistance in cancer cells. The CCK8 experiment was used to detect the activity of breast cancer cells; qPCR was used to detect the effect of overexpression of miR-128 on PTEN and the effect on doxorubicin resistance of breast cancer cells. Results miR-128 was under-expressed in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells; overexpression of miR-128 increased the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin,ultrasound-microbubble mediated miR-128 further enhanced breast cancer cells sensitivity to doxorubicin; miR-128 promote resistance to doxorubicin in breast cancer cells by regulating PTEN. Conclusion Overexpression of miR-128 could enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer to doxorubicin. Ultrasound-microbubble mediated miR-128 further enhanced the sensitivity. This study provided a treatment for doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer with new molecular targets and therapeutic approaches.

目的 回顾分析2017—2018年汕头中心医院50例腹泻儿童鼠伤寒沙门菌的标本信息及药敏结果, 得出汕头地区这两年鼠伤寒沙门菌感染特性及指导临床合理用药。方法 从腹泻儿童粪便标本中分离沙门氏菌, 采用纸片扩散法检测其对抗菌药物的敏感性, 采用血清学凝集试验沙门氏菌血清型, 记录鉴定为鼠伤寒沙门菌的标本数据进行分析。结果 50例腹泻儿童鼠伤寒沙门氏菌中,易感时间多为夏秋季节;0～1岁为易感人群;感染后多出现发热、腹泻症状,可出现血便症状,较少出现呕吐;鼠伤寒沙门菌对亚胺培南、替加环素、厄他培南有100%的敏感率,对呱啦西林/他唑巴坦、头孢呱酮/舒巴坦有96%和92.68%的敏感率,队阿莫西林/克拉维酸有80.48%的敏感率,对阿米卡星、头孢呋辛酯、头孢呋辛、头孢西丁都为100%耐药,对其他抗生素有不同程度的敏感性及耐药性。结论 在夏秋季节,0～1岁儿童应加强对鼠伤寒沙门菌感染的预防,若出现发热、腹泻症状需及时就医,医生需向鼠伤寒沙门菌的方向考虑治疗,鼠伤寒沙门菌对多抗生素产生耐药性,临床上需根据药敏结果合理使用抗生素。

Objective To retrospectively analyze information and drug susceptibility of 50 cases of Salmonella typhimurium isolated from children with diarrhea in Shantou Central Hospital from 2017 to 2018, and to obtain the characteristics of Salmonella typhimurium infection in Shantou area in the past two years and to guide rational drug use in clinic. Methods Salmonella was isolated from fecal specimens of children with diarrhea. The susceptibility of Salmonella to antimicrobial agents was detected by disk diffusion method. Serological agglutination test was used to determine the serotype of salmonella. Sample data identified as Salmonella typhimurium were recorded and analyzed. Results Among the 50 children with diarrhea, the susceptibility time of Salmonella typhimurium was summer and autumn; the age of 0～1 was susceptible population; fever and diarrhea were common after infection, and hematochezia and vomiting were rare; Salmonella typhimurium had 100% susceptibility to imipenem, tegacycline and ertapenem, 96% and 92.68% to guacillin/tazobactam, cefotaxone/sulbactam. The sensitivity rate of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was 80.48%. It was 100% resistant to amikacin, cefuroxime axetil, cefuroxime and cefoxitin. It had different sensitivity and resistance to other antibiotics. Conclusion In summer and autumn, children aged 0～1 should strengthen prevention of Salmonella typhimurium infection. If symptoms of fever and diarrhea occur, doctors should consider the direction of Salmonella typhimurium treatment. Salmonella typhimurium is resistant to multi-antibiotics, and rational use of antibiotics in clinic should be based on the results of drug sensitivity.

目的 评价SAMe-TT₂R₂评分对非瓣膜性房颤使用华法林的患者中的抗凝疗效的评估作用,探讨SAMe-TT₂R₂评分与缺血性卒中事件、出血事件的相关性。方法 以石河子大学医学院第一附属医院2018年1月—2019年1月住院治疗,确诊为非瓣膜性房颤并口服华法林抗凝的患者作为观察对象,进行为期10月的随访。通过患者的国际标准化比值(INR),计算患者的抗凝治疗范围内时间百分比(Time in Therapeutic Range, TTR),并对所有患者进行SAMe-TT₂R₂评分。运用χ²检验、Spearman秩相关、ROC曲线分析评估SAMe-TT₂R₂评分对患者抗凝疗效的预测能力。随访期内收集缺血性卒中和出血事件的发生情况,分析上述事件与SAMe-TT₂R₂评分的相关性。结果 190例患者平均TTR为(46.76±21.99)％,SAMe-TT₂R₂分数与患者的TTR呈负相关(P=0.001),ROC曲线下面积为0.661,P=0.001,约登指数0.203对应的临界值取整数为4分,敏感度和特异度分别为72.6％和47.7％,提示SAMe-TT₂R₂对预测TTR<65％有一定的价值。随访期间共有5例患者发生缺血性卒中事件,25例患者发生不同程度出血事件,11例患者发生全因死亡事件,上述事件在各个SAMe-TT₂R₂分值的发生分布差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 在非瓣膜性房颤并使用华法林抗凝治疗的患者中,SAMe-TT₂R₂评分对使用华法林抗凝治疗患者的抗凝有效性具有一定的预测能力,可将SAMe-TT₂R₂评分作为预测华法林抗凝疗效的预测的指标。

Objective To evaluate the anticoagulant effect of SAMe-TT₂R₂ in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with warfarin, and to explore the correlation between SAMe-TT₂R₂ and ischemic stroke events and bleeding events. Methods Patients who were diagnosed as non-valvular atrial fibrillation and with oral warfarin were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medical College in January 2018-January 2019, and for 10 months of follow-up. Collecting patients' International normalization ratio(INR), calculating the Time in therapeutic range(TTR), and the SAMe-TT2 R2 score. And χ² test, Spearman rank correlation and ROC curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive ability of SAMe-TT2 R2 score on anticoagulant efficacy in patients. Follow-up was conducted to investigate the incidence of ischemic stroke or hemorrhagic events and explore the relationship with the SAMe-TT2 R2 score. Results The mean TTR of 190 patients was 46.76%±21.99%, and the score of SAMe-TT_{2 R2} was negatively correlated with the TTR of the patients(P=0.001), the area under the ROC curve was 0.661, P=0.001, The critical value corresponding was 4 points, and the sensitivity and specificity were 72.6% and 47.7%, respectively suggesting that SAMe-TT₂R₂ had certain value in predicting TTR< 65%. During follow-up, a total of 5 patients had ischemic stroke, 25 patients had different degrees of bleeding, and 11 patients had all-cause death, different SAMe-TT₂R₂ scores showed no statistical significance(P>0.05). Conclusion In patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with warfarin anticoagulant, the SAMe-TT₂R₂ score has a certain predictive ability for the anticoagulant efficacy of patients treated with warfarin anticoagulant, and the SAMe-TT₂R₂ score could be used as an indicator for predicting the anticoagulant efficacy of warfarin.

介绍我院应对新型冠状病毒感染防控工作的护理管理措施,包括发热病区的组建,护理应急队伍的建设,工作流程指引的修订和完善,院感防护措施的严格落实,后勤保障的严密管理等,并进行护理质量控制与持续改进,为其他医院的防控工作提供借鉴。

It introduces nursing management measures of novel coronavirus infection prevention and control in our hospital, including the establishment of fever ward, the construction of nursing emergency team, the revision and improvement of working process guidelines, the strict implementation of hospital sensory protection measures, tight management of logistical support, and quality control and continuous improvement of nursing. It offers experiences for other hospitals.

目的 了解我院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的规律和特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 收集广州市第一人民医院南沙医院2015年1月1日—2019年12月31日上报国家药品不良反应监测中心的224例ADR,统计分析发生ADR的患者性别、年龄、药品种类、剂型、给药途径、累及系统等情况。结果 224例ADR报告中,女性报告数(51.79%)高于男性(48.21%),50岁以上的病人报告数占48.6%,其中60岁以上属于高发年龄段(30.8%);抗感染药ADR报告数最多(43.3%),其次是心血管系统用药(12.95%),第三是中枢神经系统用药(12.50%);静脉给药ADR报告数最多(57.14%),其次是口服给药(40.18%),剂型因素中,最高为注射液(32.59%),其次为普通片剂(28.57%),第三位粉针剂(24.55%);ADR累及系统中,皮肤及附件损害最多(26.43%),其次是胃肠系统损害(20.70%)和中枢及外周神经系统损害(18.06%);上报来源以药师上报为主(72.77%),护士上报率为0。结论 临床应加强合理用药,尤其抗菌药物使用,减少静脉给药途径,重点关注50岁以上ADR高发人群,加强ADR监测医护宣教,提高ADR上报率和报告质量。

Objective To investigate the occurrence and distribution of adverse drug reaction ADR from 2015 to 2019 in our hospital and provide relevant information for clinical rational usage of medication. Methods 224 ADR reported to National Center were collected from Nansha hospital of Guangzhou First People's Hospital monitoring during 2015~2019.Those ADR were analyzed in terms of gender and age of patients,type of drugs, route of administration,dosage form,etc. Results Among 224 ADR reports,the occurrence rate of ADR in female(51.79%)was higher than male,patients over the age of 50 accounted for 48.6% and age over 60 were at high risk of ADR.The top three of medicine were anti-infectious agent(43.3%),cardiovascular medicine(12.95%)and central nervous system medication(12.50%). Intravenous administration and oral medication accounted for 57.14%,40.18% respectively.For the dosage form factor,the top three were injection (32.59%), ordinary tablet (28.57%) and powder-injection (24.55%).Major systems involved in ADR were lesion of skin and its appendages(26.43%),gastrointestinal system(20.70%),central and peripheral nervous systems(18.06%).Sources of ADR were mainly composed of pharmacist(72.77%)and the nurse reported 0. Conclusion Clinical rational drug use should be strengthen especially antibacterial agents. The intravenous route should be decreased.Patients over the age of 50 deserved special attention. It is necessary to enhance awareness and education of medical workers to improve the reported rate and quality of ADR.

目的 研究过表达miR-29a-3p对IL-22诱导的HaCaT细胞增殖的影响。方法 将HaCaT细胞分为Cell组、IL-22组、IL-22+NC组和IL-22+ miR-29a-3p组,荧光定量PCR检测miR-29a-3p的表达水平,CCK8检测细胞的活力,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡及周期。结果 与0 μg/L组相比,25 μg/L组、50 μg/L组和100 μg/L组HaCaT细胞的增殖率在24 h、48 h和72 h均出现升高(F值分别为33.27、36.19、52.29,均P<0.000 1)。与0 μg/L组相比,miR-29a-3p在50 μg/L组和100 μg/L组HaCaT中的表达水平降低(F=129,P<0.000 1),分别降低83%和80%。与IL-22+NC组相比,IL-22+ miR-29a-3p组的增殖率在24 h、48 h和72 h均降低(P值分别为0.002 1、0.001 6、0.023 1),细胞总凋亡率增加(6.67±1.06 vs 30.55±1.86,P=0.000 1),G1期细胞比例增加(P=0.000 1),S期细胞比例降低(P=0.000 1)。结论 IL-22可降低HaCaT中miR-29a-3p的表达量,过表达miR-29a-3p通过促进凋亡和引起细胞G1期阻滞抑制IL-22诱发的HaCaT细胞过度增生。

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-29a-3p overexpression on IL-22-induced proliferation of HaCaT cells. Methods HaCaT cells were divided into four groups, Cell group, IL-22 group, IL-22 +NC group and IL-22+miR-29a-3p group. The expression level of miR-29a-3p was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Cell viability was detected by CCK8. Apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Results Compared with the 0 g/L group, the proliferation rate of HaCaT cells in the 25 μg/L group, 50 μg/L group and 100 μg/L group was increased at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (F value was 33.27, 36.19, 52.29,respectively, all P<0.000 1). Compared with the 0 μg/L group, miR-29a-3p expression level in HaCaT in 50 μg/L and 100 μg/L groups was decreased (F=129, P<0.000 1), with a decrease of 83% and 80%, respectively. Compared with the IL-22+NC group, proliferation rate of IL-22+miR-29a-3p group was decreased at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (P value was 0.002 1, 0.001 6, 0.023 1, respectively), total apoptosis rate was increased (6.67±1.06 vs 30.55±1.86, P=0.000 1), cell proportion in G1 phase was increased (P=0.000 1), and the cell proportion in S phase was decreased (P=0.000 1). Conclusion Il-22 can reduce miR-29a-3p expression level in HaCaT, and miR-29a-3p overexpression can inhibit the excessive proliferation induced by IL-22 in HaCaT cells by promoting apoptosis and inducing G1 phase arrest.

目的 探讨广州市第一人民医院2008—2019年所有就诊的肿瘤患者的具体情况,研究各类肿瘤的发病趋势和危害程度,为制定预防措施和工作重点提供依据。方法 根据广州市恶性肿瘤病例登记报告系统数据,对2008—2019年在广州市第一人民医院就诊的23 778例肿瘤病例从基本情况、肿瘤部位和随访情况等几方面进行回顾性统计分析。结果 2008—2019年位列前三位的肿瘤分别是结直肠癌、肺癌和肝癌,甲状腺癌占比呈明显上升趋势。30岁以下年龄组肿瘤种类以白血病为主,30～60岁年龄组肿瘤种类以结直肠癌为主,60岁以上年龄组肿瘤种类以肺癌为主。甲状腺癌的预后最好,胰腺癌的预后最差。纯手术组疗效最佳。结论 在广州地区合理优化资源进行重点肿瘤的筛查,才可以有限降低罹患肿瘤的风险,提高肿瘤患者生命质量。

Objective The aims of study were to explore the situation of all patients with cancer in Guangzhou First People's Hospital from 2008 to 2019, to find the incidence trends and hazards of different types of tumors, and to provide evidence for developing preventive measures. Methods According to the data of the Guangzhou tumor case report system, a retrospective statistical analysis was performed on the basic situation, tumor location and follow-up of 23 778 tumor cases in Guangzhou First People's Hospital from 2008 to 2019. Results The top three tumors in 2008—2019 were colorectal cancer, lung cancer and liver cancer. The tumor types under 30 years old were leukemia, the tumor types in the 30-60 age group were colorectal cancer, and the tumor types above 60 years old were mainly lung cancer. The prognosis for patients with thyroid cancer was the best, and the prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer was the worst. The effect of the operation group was the best. Conclusion Rational optimization of resources for screening key tumors could reduce tumor incidence and improve the quality of life of cancer cases in Guangzhou area.

目的 分析毕节地区新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)肺炎(novel coronavirus pneumonia,NCP)胸部CT影像学表现,探讨对NCP的临床诊断的价值。方法 回顾性分析毕节市第三人民医院2020年1月14日至2月18日收治的13例NCP患者的流行病学特征及胸部CT影像学特征。结果 13例患者中2例为长期居住在武汉来毕;1例由从上海到湖北宜昌逗留3天返毕;1例直接与武汉当地人接触;3例为与确诊病人的密切接触者;5例是聚集性发病,均与从浙江省台州市返毕确诊病人密切接触;1例无流行病学史。胸部CT影像学以双肺或一侧肺散在斑片状、磨玻璃状高密度影,密度不均,边界不清,肺野外带显著为特征。重型患者短期内肺部CT影像学变化明显。结论 确诊NCP普通型患者胸部CT影像学大多以典型表现为特征;重型NCP患者短时间内可出现实变及肺纤维化。

Objective To analyze the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) chest CT imaging findings in Bijie area, and to explore the clinical diagnostic value of NCP. Methods The epidemiological characteristics and chest CT features of 13 NCP patients admitted to The Third People's Hospital of Bijie from January 14 to February 18, 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 13 patients, 2 lived in Wuhan for a long time, 1 stayed for 3 days from Shanghai to Yichang, Hubei, and returned home; 1 directly contacted with the local people in Wuhan; 3 closely contacted with the confirmed patients; 5 were clustered diseases, all closely contacted with the confirmed patients returning from Taizhou, Zhejiang province; 1 had no epidemiological history. CT imaging of the chest is characterized by patchy, ground glass high-density shadows scattered in two or one side of the lung, with uneven density, unclear boundary and significant lung field zone. Conclusion Most of the chest CT images of the patients with NCP were characterized by typical manifestations, while consolidation and pulmonary fibrosis were found in the patients with severe NCP in a short period of time.

目的 分析超声引导下经皮肾穿刺活检术对弥漫性肾病进行病理诊断的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析我院275例弥漫性肾病患者经超声引导下行经皮肾穿刺活检术进行诊断的情况,针对上述患者的穿刺活检情况、穿刺满意度、取材成功率、并发症发生状况、弥漫性肾病病理分型结果以及术后诊断更正的情况进行分析。结果 275例患者穿刺满意度、取材成功率、并发症总发生率分别为94.91%,100%、10.91%。275例患者术后并发症的发生与年龄、穿刺次数、肾实质厚度、术前血肌酐水平有关。275例患者以膜性肾病、IgA肾病居多,分别占比23.27%、18.55%。275例患者术后诊断更正率为19.79%。结论 超声引导下经皮肾穿刺活检术是一种安全有效的弥漫性肾病诊断方法,其术后并发症发生率较低且较轻。在弥漫性肾病病理分型诊断中以膜性肾病、IgA肾病的发病率较高。超声引导下经皮肾穿刺活检术可早期诊断弥漫性肾病的病理类型,为确定治疗方案提供可靠依据,改善肾脏疾病的预后。

Objective To analyze the clinical value of ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy for pathological diagnosis of diffuse renal disease. Methods Retrospective analysis of 275 patients with diffuse renal disease in our hospital underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy for diagnosis. According to the above-mentioned patients' biopsy status,puncture satisfaction,success rate of material extraction,complications,and diffuse results of pathological typing of nephropathy and correction of postoperative diagnosis were analyzed. Results The satisfaction rate of puncture,the success rate of material extraction and the total incidence of complications were 94%,100%,and 10.91%,respectively. The incidence of postoperative complications in 275 patients was related to age,number of punctures,thickness of renal parenchyma,and preoperative serum creatinine levels. Membrane nephropathy and IgA nephropathy were the most common in 275 patients,accounting for 23.27% and 18.55% respectively. The correction rate of postoperative diagnosis in 275 patients was 19.79%. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy is a safe and effective method for diagnosing diffuse nephropathy,and the incidence of postoperative complications is low and mild. Membrane nephropathy and IgA nephropathy have a higher incidence in the diagnosis of diffuse nephropathy. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy may early diagnose the pathological type of diffuse renal disease,provide a reliable basis for determining the treatment plan,and improve the prognosis of renal disease.